第六章 結論與建議
第二節 建議
本研究根據行為流行病學架構探討公共自行車使用行為，根據研究 結果與討論，提出以下建議：
一、 流行病學架構之建議
根據流行病學架構，本研究初步證明前三個階段，包含了建立公共 自行車與健康指標 (通勤身體活動)之關聯性，藉由國外相關文獻發展測 量公共自行車使用行為的工具，並且找出個人及認知環境因素與公共自 行車使用的關聯性，建議未來研究除了針對前三個階段做驗證，做更深 入探討外，還可以針對後面兩個階段評量介入行為後的改變成效，最後 將研究結果轉為實際上的政策。
二、 公共自行車使用行為之建議
1. 臺灣從 2009 年開始營運公共自行車租賃計畫，各縣市陸續加入，
建議參考他國的成功經驗，創造一種新興交通運輸模式，從私人 汽機車轉為公共自行車，進而增進大眾健康利益。
2. 各縣市積極加入公共自行車計畫，擴增公共自行車租賃系統，卻 未考慮當地的環境狀況；建議應該先改善公共設施，例如自行車 道的建置，人行道、自行車道分離等。
3. 增加使用公共自行車人口數之策略
(1) 可以針對「年齡為 50-64 歲」、「居住在新北市及高雄市」、
「教育程度為高中以下」之族群做介入，提高其使用率。
(2) 認知環境部分建議改善大眾運輸的易達性、增加人行道的設 置及自行車道的設置，美化周遭景觀等策略。
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4. 增加過去七天使用公共自行車頻率之策略 (1) 可以針對「有全職工作」者做介入。
5. 針對不同縣市做不同的公共自行車推動計劃，臺北市針對已婚者，
高雄市針對年齡較高者，而新北市則以教育程度較低者做介入，
設計相關推動策略。
三、 未來研究建議
1. 本研究採用橫斷性研究，無法得知變項之間的因果關係，未來建 議以長期追蹤的縱貫研究方法，以深入瞭解各變項之因果關係。
2. 本研究問卷為參考國外文獻之題項，由於目前公共自行車行為尚 未有標準之工具來測量，未來建議訂定標準的工具量表。
3. 本研究問卷採用回溯性、自陳式的調查內容，由受訪者回顧過去 七天之公共自行車使用狀況、各種不同類型之身體活動狀況，可 能會出現回憶偏差，高估或低估實際之狀況，未來可採取更客觀 之量表工具，以更加準確評估結果。
4. 本研究僅針對公共自行車設置達三年以上之縣市做探討，近期越 來越多縣市增設公共自行車，建議未來可以針對這些縣市以生態 模式做大規模且深入之探討。
5. 由於 104 年 4 月 1 日開始，台北市公共自行車採取使用者付費制 度，取消前半小時免費之優惠，可能會影響民眾使用的狀況，建 議未來可以針對費率方面做深入的探討，以此次研究做前後比 較。
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附件一：研究倫理審查核可證明
124
125
S2.訪員請自行依上題，勾選所屬地區別。
(【請訪員依照上題勾選之地區回答】 切勿自行判斷依據！)
□ (1)北部地區
□ (2)中部地區
□ (3)南部地區
□ (4)東部及外島地區 S3. 性別？（請訪員自行判斷）
□ (1)男性
□ (2)女性
第一部分：交通和遛狗相關的身體活動（11 題）
現在請考慮您上下班、出差或外出的交通中，與騎腳踏車及走路相關的 事。
1-1 過去七天中，有幾天您以騎腳踏車當交通方式，一次至少持續 10 分鐘以上？
_______天 □沒有以腳踏車當交通方式 【跳問 1-3】
1-2 您通常一天花多少時間，以騎腳踏車當交通方式？
一天：_______小時_______分鐘
1-3 過去七天中，有幾天您以走路當交通方式，而且一次至少持續 10 分鐘以上？
_______天 □沒有以走路當交通方式 【本部分結束】
_______天 □沒有以走路當交通方式 【本部分結束】