IBGE, SIS 2010

14 IPEA. Mudanças na ordem global: desafios para o desenvolvimento brasileiro (Changes in the global order: challenges for Brazilian development) (Brasília: IPEA, 2011), p. 02.

15 UN. Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, (United Nations, Vienna, 1993), par. 71.

16 The PNDH-3 revises and goes beyond its predecessors (PNDH-I, 1996, and PNDH-II, 2002). It is composed of the 36 guidelines and 702 resolutions approved at the 11^th National Conference on Human Rights held in December 2008 and preceded by State Conferences throughout the country.

The Programme also includes the obligations provided for in the international treaties ratified by Brazil, the recommendations of international human rights organizations, and the recommendations of

more than 50 national conferences held between 2003 and 2008 on various human rights related issues, including education, health, youth, women’s rights, racial equality, LGBT, persons with disabilities, senior citizens, and others. Secretariat for Human Rights of the Presidency of the Republic (SDH/PR). Programa Nacional de Direitos Humanos – PNDH-3 (National Human Rights Programme), (Brasília: SEDH/PR, 2010), 18-19.

17 The PNDH-3 is based on axes developed for guiding public policy aimed at the realization of human rights in the broadest sense. The cross-cutting axes address i) Democratic Interaction between the State and Civil Society; ii) Development and Human Rights; iii) Universalized Rights in a Context of Inequality; iv) Public Security, Access to Justice, and Combating Violence; v) Human Rights Education and Culture; and, vi) Right to Memory and the Truth. In addition to these axes, the Programme is subdivided into 25 guidelines, 82 strategic objectives, and 519 programmatic actions, with corresponding identification of the executing agencies and partners. SEDH/PR. PNDH-3, 3–10.

18 The Committee is composed of 21 ministries with permanent seats (Secretariat for Human Rights of the Presidency of the Republic, which will coordinate the body; Secretariat for Women’s Policies of the Presidency of the Republic; Secretariat for Racial Equality Promotion Policies of the Presidency of the Republic; General Secretariat of the Office of the President of the Republic; Ministry of Culture; Ministry of Education; Ministry of Justice; Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture; Ministry of Social Welfare; Ministry of Health; Ministry of Cities; Ministry of Communications; Ministry of External Relations; Ministry of Agrarian Development; Ministry of Social Development and Hunger Alleviation; Ministry of Sport; Ministry of the Environment; Ministry of Labour and Employment;

Ministry of Tourism; Ministry of Science and Technology; and Ministry of Mines and Energy) and 12 associated ministries.

19 See Axis I, Guideline 1, Strategic Objective I, programmatic action a. SEDH/PR. PNDH-3, 28.

20 See Axis I, Guideline 1, Strategic Objective I, programmatic action a. SEDH/PR. PNDH-3, 34.

21 The Committee for Social Statistics is composed of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Institute of Applied Economic Research (IPEA), the Ministries of Health and Education, and the SDH/PR, among other bodies.

22 IBGE. “Comitê de Estatísticas Sociais” (“Social Statistics Committee”), accessed 4 November 2011.www.ibge.gov.br/projetos/comite_estatisticas_sociais/

23 IBGE. Pesquisa de Informações Básicas Municipais (Study on Basic Municipal Information), (Rio de Janeiro: IBGE, 2009).

24 DATASUS is the Department of Computer Systems of the Unified Health System (SUS) tasked with providing information on the SUS capable of contributing to objective analyses on the status of health in Brazil, evidence-based decision making, and the development of health action programmes.

25 The Family Grant Registry is the database system for the Brazilian Family Grant (Bolsa Família) Programme, which aims at reaching individuals in extreme poverty.

26 Pesquisa Nacional de Percepção dos Direitos Humanos (National Human Rights Perception Survey) performed by the Secretariat for Human Rights of the Presidency of the Republic – SDH/PR.

27 Pesquisa Nacional sobre População Adulta em Situação de Rua (National Adult Homeless Population Survey) conducted by the Ministry of Social Development and Hunger Alleviation – MDS.

28 Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (National School Health Survey) performed by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics – IBGE.

29 Sistema de Indicadores de Percepção Social (Social Perception Indicators Database) developed by the Institute of Applied Economic Research – IPEA. Issues addressed: Exclusion and Services; Culture;

Labour Rights and Vocational Training; Education; Gender Equality; Justice; Urban Mobility;

Health; Public Security; Work and Income.

30 United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and Observatório de Favelas, in partnership with the Violence Analysis Laboratory of the State University of Rio de Janeiro (LAV-Uerj), within the framework of the Programme to Reduce Deadly Violence against Adolescents and Young Adults (PRVL).

31 See the programmatic actions under Guideline 3, Strategic objective II, on monitoring of international commitments undertaken by the Brazilian State in the field of Human Rights. SEDH/PR. PNDH-3, 36.

32 It involves a partnership launched in 2010 with the Ministry of Education.

33 Extreme poverty corresponds to a monthly household income of up to R$ 70.00. The profile of Extreme Poverty in Brazil is based on preliminary data of the 2010 Census. May 2011.

http://www.brasilsemmiseria.gov.br/wp-content/themes/bsm2nd/perfil_extrema_pobreza.pdf

34 Brazil without Poverty Plan. Demographic Census 2010 (IBGE) – Permanent and occupied private residences http://www.brasilsemmiseria.gov.br/wp-content/themes/bsm2nd/caderno_brasil_sem_miseria.pdf

35 See Decree No. 7492 of 2 June 2011. For further information on the Plan, go to: www.brasilsemmiseria.gov.br

36 In the fields of education, health, social assistance, basic sanitation, and electric power.

37 This is the case, for example, with the Family Grant Programme, a direct conditional income transfer programme aimed at benefiting families in poverty and extreme poverty. The income transfers promote immediate relief from poverty, while the programme conditions reinforce the access to basic social services in education, health, and social assistance. In addition, there are complementary programmes, including incentive to the development of productive capacities capable of contributing to the development of families in a manner that allows recipients to overcome their vulnerability.

38 ASCOM/MDS. “Parceria para localizar população extremamente pobre,” (Partnership to locate extremely poor population) accessed 5 November 2011. http://www.brasilsemmiseria.gov.br/noticia/governo-federal-conta-com-parceria-da-sociedade-estados-e-municipios-para-localizar-populacao-extremamente-pobre/

39 The variable benefit is paid to families which are composed of children and adolescents up to 15 years of age, pregnant women and nursing mothers.

40 The Organic Law on Social Assistance (LOAS – Law No. 8742/1993), updated through Law No.

12435/11, which entered into effect 6 July 2011.

41 MDS. “SUAS” accessed 11 October 2011, http://www.mds.gov.br/assistenciasocial/suas

42 Brazil ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in August 2008 (enacted in Brazil through Decree No. 6949/2009 and approved by the National Congress through Legislative Decree No. 186/2008). It marked the first human rights treaty ratified as a constitutional amendment, in accordance with article 5, paragraph 3, of the Brazilian Constitution. The Continuous Social Benefit (BPC) is assured under the 1988 Federal Constitution and regulated by Law No. 8742 of 7 December 1993, Organic Law on Social Assistance – LOAS, and Law No. 10741 of 1 October 2003, through which the Statute on Senior Citizens was instituted. The BPC consists of the payment of a minimum monthly salary to senior citizens 65 years of age and above and to persons with disabilities of any age whose disability does not allow them to lead and independent life and to work. In both cases, the benefit is granted if the gross per capita household income is less than ¼ the monthly minimum salary. In effect since 1 January 1996, the BPC served 3.6 million recipients in 2010, specifically 1.9 million persons with disabilities and 1.7 million senior citizens, representing an investment of R$ 22.8 billion.

43 SEDH/PR. PNDH-3, 63 e 64.

44 The Stork Network is a strategy developed by the Ministry of Health and operated through the Unified Health System founded on the principles of humanization and assistance, through which women, newborns, and children are ensured the right to: access, care, and enhanced quality of prenatal assistance; transportation for purposes of prenatal care and child delivery; affiliation to a single child delivery reference centre; safe delivery and childbirth through good health care practices;

the presence of a companion during labour and child birth, as freely chosen by the pregnant woman;

health care for children 0 to 24 months of age with quality and appropriate problem-solving capacity;

access to reproductive planning.

45 Law No. 12.470, 31 August 2011.

46 Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transvestite and transsexual people.

47 MOPG Directive n° 233, 18 May, 2010 (Ministry of Planning, Budget and Management).

48 Precedent Ruling No. 12, dated May 4, 2010, National Agency of Health.

49 Federal Supreme Court. Judgment in the Direct Action of Unconstitutionality No. 4277. Rapporteur:

Minister Carlos Ayres Britto. Judgment on May 5, 2011.

50 Undertaken in partnership with the Female Rural Worker Documentation Programme.

51 The Inter-Sector Committee on the Homeless Population is composed of the representatives of nine ministries and nine civil society stakeholders. The Committee was established in March 2010, for the purpose of formulating and coordinating public policies for this population segment.

52 On 15 November 1960, Brazil ratified the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees; on 7 April 1972, the country ratified the 1967 Protocol. The national law on refugees was adopted in 1997 (Law No. 9474/97). The State ratified the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons on 30 April 1996 and ratified the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness on 25 October 2007.

53 These pledges reflect the position of the Brazilian government at the Ministerial Meeting of the UNHCR held in Geneva, December 7-8 2011. The voluntary commitments were submitted during the official remarks of the head of the Brazilian delegation, Dr. Luiz Paulo Ferreira Teles Barreto, Executive Secretary of the Ministry of Justice and President of the National Committee for Refugees.

54 During the official visit of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Mr. António Guterres, to Brazil in August 2011, Dr. Luiz Paulo Barreto submitted a draft Bill for review by the UNHCR on the implementation of the 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons and the establishment of internal procedures for determining stateless status.

55 Report of the Special Rapporteur on the right to food, Olivier De Schutter. MISSION TO BRAZIL (12-18 October 2009) p. 4.

56 In 2010, Proposed Constitutional Amendment No. 47/2003 amended article 6 of the Brazilian Federal Constitution through incorporation of the following revised text: “Education, health, food, work, housing, leisure, security, social security, protection of motherhood and childhood, and assistance to the destitute are social rights, as set forth by this Constitution.”

57 Ministry of Health. “Saúde Brasil 2009” http://portal.saude.gov.br/portal/arquivos/pdf/

SAUDE_BRASIL_ 2009_ COLETIVA.pdf

58 Ministry of Health. “Saúde Brasil 2009,” accessed 4 November 2011.http://portal.saude.gov.br/portal/

arquivos/pdf/SAUDE_BRASIL_2009_COLETIVA.pdf

59 Brasil. Zoneamento agroecológico da cana-de-açucar: Expandir a produção, preservar a vida, garantir o futuro (Sugarcane Agro-Ecological Zoning: Expanding production, preserving life, and winning the future). Organizers Celso Vainer Manzatto et al. Rio de Janeiro: Embrapa Solos, 2009. p. 7.

http://www.cnps.embrapa.br/xoneamento_cana_de_acucar/ZonCana.ptf.

60 Ministry of Labour, Relatórios de Fiscalização para Erradicação do Trabalho Escravo 2003-2010 (Inspection Reports on the Eradication of Slave Labour 2003-2010), updated September 2011.

61 Family Grant is the Brazilian conditional cash transfer Programme.

62 In the first phase of the Brazil without Poverty Programme, 136 technicians will receive training to assist 10,000 families in 47 municipalities of the Citizen Territories (Territórios da Cidadania) in Serra Geral, Minas Gerais, Velho Chico, Bahia, and Irecê, Bahia. ASCOM/MDA. “MDA e Direitos Humanos firmam acordo contra o trabalho escravo.” http://www.brasilsemmiseria.gov.br/noticia/mda-e-direitos-humanos-firmam-acordo-contra-o-trabalho-escravo/ Accessed 20 October 2011.

63 Ministry of Labour, Relatórios de Fiscalização para Erradicação do Trabalho Escravo 2003-2010 (Inspection Reports on the Eradication of Slave Labour 2003-2010), updated September 2011.

64 IBGE. http://www.ibge.gov.br Accessed 5 November 2011.

65 Agência Brasil. “Lista “suja’ do trabalho escravo inclui 251 empregadores registrados, diz ministério.”http://oglobo.globo.com/economia/mat/2011/07/29/lista-suja-do-trabalho-escravo-inclui-251-empregadores-no-pais-diz-ministerio-925005929.asp Accessed 20 October 2011.

66 The Child Labour Rate is the proportion of children between the ages of 5 and 15 years in situations of work.

67 IBGE. Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio: síntese de Indicadores (National Household Sample Survey: Summary of Indicators), (Rio de Janeiro: PNAD, 2009), p. 69.

68 From 2005 through 2009, the number of cases fell from 2,934,000 to 2,060,000. IBGE. PNAD, 69.

69 The PETI consists in the transfer of income to families with children and adolescents through 16 years of age in situations of work, for the purpose of ending underage work. Families participating in the PETI undertake to fulfill commitments defined as conditionalities in three distinct areas: i)

education: for children ages 6-15 years, enrollment and a minimum attendance of 85% of monthly classroom hours; ii) health: for pregnant women and nursing women, as applicable, prenatal visits and participation in educational activities on maternal breastfeeding and general child nutrition and health care and, for children under the age of 7 years, completion of the vaccination schedule and tracking of growth and development; iii) social assistance: for children and adolescents up to 15 years of age at risk of or removed from child labour, a minimum attendance of 85% at social-educational sessions.

Within the framework of the Ministry of Social Development, the PETI is part of the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS). Families are monitored by the Basic Social Protection system in their reference unit – the Specialized Social Assistance Reference Centre (CREAS). With regard to income transfers, the benefits are transferred from the federal government directly to families through the Family Grant Programme or the PETI, by means of the banking system.