Rainwater Harvesting System

i. Rainwater harvesting is a system by which, the rainwater that collects on the roofs is collected in a tank underneath the floor, and used for gardening and cleaning.

ii. The rainwater harvesting system consists the following:

Roof catchment Gutter

Down pipe and first flush pipe Storage tank

iii. For the case of Orchid House EN FRANCE, the rainwater is used for watering the potted plant.

iv. For the case of Orchid House Taiwan, the rainwater combined with greywater after treatment is used for gardening, water closet, cleaning and wash machine.

v. Estimating gardening water demand during competition:

The water demand of each potted orchid during the competition is 30 litres.

The number of orchid pots is 500.

Demand = 0.06 litres/pot × 500 pots = 30 litres vi. Major Equipment

The storage tank is molded of FRP in one piece with the storage capacity of 300 L.

The pressure boosting unit is a stainless pump with a buffer tank to maintain a constant supply pressure. The flow is 15 lpm with the booster pressure at 1 kg/cm2.

6.Tank Installation i. Cold water storage tank

Capacity : 2100 L

Size : 1.00 × 7.00 × 0.3 M

Location : Under the tea terrace floor

Access : The fill opening, instruments for control, and the boosting unit is accessed from above the floor, refer to PL-001

ii. Rainwater storage tank

Capacity : 300 L

Size : 0.70 × 1.50 × 0.3 M

Location : Under the tea terrace floor

Access : The boosting unit and instruments for control is accessed from above the floor, refer to PL-001

iii.Greywater tank

Capacity : 1800 L

Size : 1.00 × 6.00 × 0.3 M

Location : Under the tea terrace floor

Access : The fill opening is accessed from above the floor, refer to PL-001 iv. Black water tank

Capacity : 600 L

Size : 1.20 × 1.80 × 0.3 M

Location : Under the outside floor

Access : The fill opening is accessed from above the floor, refer to PL-001

The Effectiveness of the Control System

For the plumbing system, the control is made on domestic hot water (DHW) system as well as the rain-water harvesting system.

For domestic hot water (DHW) system, PLC control system will first receive the water temperature from sensor, if the temperature reaches the setting value and room temperature drops to low limit, PLC will turn on the valve to let hot water flow to heating coil and hence the heating coil can warm up the room temperature to desired value.

For rainwater harvesting system, PLC control system will receive soil moisture value from sensor, if the soil moisture reaches lower limit, PLC will turn on the valve and pump so that rainwater will be send out from rainwater tank for plant irrigation.

Specification

The specification of electrical system are as follows:

-System single phase, 2-Wire -Nominal Voltage 230V -Frequency 50HZ

-Short Circuit current 10KA -Rated current of maximum 63A

Design Characteristics

Design characteristics for residential appliance and equipment circuits 5.3.4 Electrical System Design

Description Load

(W) Volts

(V) Wire Circuit

Breaker Number

of outlet Notes

Refrigeration 308 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A 1

Oven 3500 230 3-4 mm² 20A 1

Diswasher 2110 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A 1

Cooking 1800 230 3-6 mm² 25A 1

Clothes Washer 1400 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A 1

Clothes Dryer 1000 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A 1

Extractor Hood 260 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A 1

Clean Water Pump 540 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A — Equipment will be direct connected

Gray water pump 270 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A — Equipment will be direct connected

Bathroom & Tea Terrace Receptacle — 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A 3

Living Room & Workstation Receptacle — 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A 2 TV and Computer

Floor Receptacle — 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A 4 For general use

VRV 2760 230 3-6 mm² 16A — Equipment will be direct connected

HRV 100 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A — Equipment will be direct connected

CO2 Heat Pump 1340 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A — Equipment will be direct connected

Mezzanine Area Receptacle — 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A 3 For general use

Pump Station 01 550 230 3-2.5 mm² 16A — Equipment will be direct connected

Branch-circuit Voltage Drop

The design will support compliance to code maximum voltage drop criteria of 3 percent for all branch circuits.

The formula of voltage drop for two-wire, single-phase circuits, as follows:

VD = 2*L*I*R( We are assuming the cosθ = 1.0, inductance negligible) VD = Drop in circuit voltage

L : one-way length of circuit I = Current in conductor

R = resistance per meter of conductor

The result of branch-circuit voltage drop is as follows table.

Grounding system

1. The TT grounding system is designed for the electrical system – the utility only provides a “neutral conductor”, and the House must set up the grounding (or “protective earth”) conductor separately 2. he exposed conductive parts are connected to ground by direct electrical connection. Residual Cur-rent Devices (RCDs) are installed on the main and each branch

3. Double insulated (or reinforced insulated) according to IEC, class II is applied to the entire outdoor installation (i.e. lighting fixtures, conductors, splices and terminal strip)

Source load Power

The photovoltaic system is a Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) design. For design in France, the system contains 20 pcs of 250 Wp multi-crystalline standard type solar module with aluminum frame.

10 modules are connected in serial to form one string and two strings are connected in parallel to form the whole PV array. For design in Taiwan, as the whole roof is covered with PV module to avoid direct sun light in summer, the system is mounted with 33 pcs of 250 Wp multi-crystalline standard type solar module

PV array is then connected to a 5 kW string inverter. This Solivia 5 kW inverter then transfers the DC power to AC power and injects the AC power into the AC circuit of the house.

A Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is also connected to the AC circuit. The BESS contains controller and battery bank to store power as well as output battery power to the AC circuit for load. With pow-er metpow-er installed and communicate with the BESS, BESS provides the following charging-discharging functions:

1. STANDBY MODE - no energy absorbing or dispatching 2. ABSORB - Watt power absorbing from grid (battery charging) 3. DISPATCH - power dispatch to the grid

The BESS will also provide information about actual Battery State Of Charge (SOC) and energy counters (absorbed from the grid and dispatched to the grid). A schematic diagram is shown as below:

A more detail BESS description can be found in PM 5.3.6

PV array acts as the main power source for this house. In the day time, excess power will charge the BESS and BESS will act as the main power source in peak loading hours.

5.3.5 Photovoltaic and Other Electric Solar Systems Design General Description of the Photovoltaic System

Module specification under STC is as below:

Design and Specifications 1. Photovoltaic Modules

The module is made with 60 pcs of 6” silicon multi-crystalline cells. Cell size is of 156 mm x 156 mm.

Peak power of each module under Standard Test Conditions (STC, cCell Temperature of 25 °C, Irradi-ance 1000 W/m2 , AM 1.5) is 250 Wp. PerformIrradi-ance warranty is 10-year for minimum 90% power out-put and 25-year for minimum 80% power outout-put.