Chapter 2 Survey Requirements of Craft
2.7 Special Surveys
Procedures for class related services, see 2.1.4 of this Chapter.
Provision for surveys, see 2.1.5 of this Chapter.
A Survey planning meeting is to be held prior to the commencement of the survey.
Concurrent crediting to both Intermediate Survey (IS) and Special Survey (SS) for surveys and thickness measurements of spaces are not acceptable.
2.7.1 Special Survey - hull
All Annual Survey requirements together with the following are to be complied with:
(a) The examinations of the hull are to be supplemented by thickness measurements and testing as required in 2.7.1(j) and 2.7.1(k), to ensure that the structural integrity remains effective. The aim of the examination is to discover Substantial Corrosion, significant deformation, fractures, damages or other structural deterioration, that may be present.
(b) A Bottom Survey in dry dock in accordance with the requirements of 2.2.1 of this Chapter is to be carried out as part of the Special Survey.
(c) The anchors and chain cables are to be ranged, examined and the required complement and condition verified.
The chain locker, holdfasts, hawse pipes and chain stoppers are to be examined and pumping arrangements of the chain locker tested.
At Special Survey No. 2 and subsequent Special Surveys, chain cables are to gauged and renewed in cases where their mean diameter is 12% worn below the requirement limits allowed by the Society.
(d) All spaces including holds and their ‘tween decks where fitted; double bottom, deep, ballast, peak tanks; pipe tunnels, duct keels, machinery spaces, dry spaces, cofferdams and voids are to be internally examined including the plating and framing, bilges and drain wells, sounding, venting, pumping and drainage arrangements.
Internal examination of fuel oil, lube oil and fresh water tanks is to be carried out in accordance with Table I 2-1.
At Special Survey No.3 and subsequent Special Surveys, structural downflooding ducts and structural ventilation ducts, where applicable, are to be internally examined.
(e) Engine room structure is to be examined. Particular attention is to be given to tank tops, shell plating in way of tank tops, brackets connecting side shell frames and tank tops, and engine room bulkheads in way of tank top and bilge wells. Particular attention is to be given to the sea suctions, sea water cooling pipes and overboard discharge valves and their connections to the shell plating. Where wastage is evident or suspect, thickness measurements are to be carried out, and renewals or repairs made when wastage exceeds allowable limits.
(f) Where provided, the condition of corrosion prevention system of ballast tanks is to be examined. For ballast tanks, excluding double bottom tanks, where a hard protective coating is found in POOR condition without dealing with is found, where soft or semi-hard coating has been applied, or where a hard protective coating was not applied from time of construction, the tanks in question are to be examined at annual intervals.
Thickness measurements are to be carried out as deemed necessary by the Surveyor.
(g) When such breakdown of hard protective coating is found in double bottom ballast tanks and it is not renewed, where a soft or semi-hard coating has been applied, or where a hard protective coating was not applied from the time of construction, the tanks in question may be examined at annual intervals. When considered necessary by the Surveyor, or where extensive corrosion exists, thickness measurements are to be carried out.
(h) Extent of Tank Testing
(i) Boundaries of double-bottom, deep, ballast, peak, and other tanks, including holds adapted for the carriage of salt water ballast, are to be tested with a head of liquid to the top of air pipes . or to near the top of hatches for ballast/cargo holds.
(ii) Boundaries of fuel oil, lube oil and fresh water tanks are to be tested with a head of liquid to the highest point that liquid will rise under service conditions.
(iii) Tank testing of fuel oil, lube oil and fresh water tanks may be specially considered based on a satisfactory external examination of the tank boundaries, and a confirmation from the Master stating that the pressure testing has been carried out according to the requirements with satisfactory results.
The Surveyor may extend the testing as deemed necessary.
(i) Hatch covers and coamings are to be surveyed as follows:
(i) A thorough inspection of the items listed in 2.5.1(a), including close-up survey of hatch cover plating and hatch coaming plating, is to be carried out.
Subject to cargo hold hatch covers of approved design which structurally have no access to the internals, close-up survey shall be done of accessible parts of hatch covers structures.
(ii) Checking of the satisfactory operation of all mechanically operated hatch covers is to be made, including:
(1) Storage and securing in open condition;
(2) Proper fit and efficiency of sealing in closed condition;
(3) Operational testing of hydraulic and power components, wires, chains, and link drives;
(iii) Checking the effectiveness of sealing arrangements of all hatch covers by hose testing or equivalent is to be carried out.
(j) Thickness measurements are to be carried out in accordance with Table I 2-2. The Surveyor may extend the thickness measurements as deemed necessary. When thickness measurements indicate substantial corrosion, the extent of thickness measurements is to be increased to determine areas of substantial corrosion. Table I 2-3 may be used as guidance for these additional thickness measurements. These extent of thickness measurements are to be carried out before the survey is credited as completed. The wastage allowances are as given in Table I 2-5 to Table I 2-7.
(k) All bilge and ballast piping systems are to be examined and operationally tested to working pressure to the attending Surveyor's satisfaction to ensure that tightness and condition remain satisfactory.
(l) For all craft except for passenger craft, automatic air pipe heads are to be completely examined (both externally and internally) as indicated in Table I 2-4.
For designs where the inner parts cannot be properly inspected from outside, this is to include removal of the head from the air pipe. Particular attention is to be paid to the condition of the zinc coating in heads constructed from galvanized steel.
(m) When spaces are insulated in connection with refrigeration, hatches and limbers are to be removed and the condition of the structural members examined.
(n) Gangways, accommodation ladders with accessory wires, winches and gears are to be load tested and operationally tested with maximum operational load.
(o) Bow doors, inner doors, side shell doors and stern doors are to be surveyed as per Special Survey, see IACS UR Z24-3.
2.7.2 Special Survey−machinery
(a) Pumps and the pumping system including valves, cocks, pipes and strainers are to be examined. For hydraulic power units, records of hydraulic oil replacement are to be checked. Oil samples for analysis may be required at the discretion of the Society. Other systems are to be tested if considered necessary.
(b) All shafts (except propeller and stern tube shafts which are detailed in propeller shaft survey), thrust blocks, line shaft bearings are to be opened up for examination. The lower halves of bearings need not be exposed if alignment and wear are found acceptable.
(c) Steering machinery including auxiliary arrangement is to be examined and operation tested. The machinery may be opened up for examination if deemed necessary by the Surveyor.
(d) Holding down bolts and chocks of main and auxiliary engines and shafting bearing blocks are to be examined.
(e) All air vessels for essential services, together with their mountings, valves and safety de vices, are to be cleaned internally, and examined internally and externally. If internal examination of the air vessels is not practicable, they are to be tested hydraulically to at 1.25 times the working pressure. Safety valves setting are to be checked.
(f) Fuel tanks which do not form part of craft's structure together with their fittings are to be examined and, if deemed necessary by the Surveyor, they are to be tested as specified for new tanks.
(g) The reduction gears are to be examined, and opened up if deemed necessary by the Surveyor, in order to confirm the condition of the gears, pinions, gear teeth, spiders, shafts, bearings and lubrication system.
Alternative means of accertaining the condition of epicyclic gearing will be specially considered.
(h) The machinery and heat exchangers which are not included in the boiler survey requirements are to be examined and opened up for further examination if deemed necessary by the Surveyor.
(i) The windlass and mooring winches are to be examined including operation test. They are to be opened up for examination if deemed necessary by the Surveyor.
(j) The bilge system including valves, cocks, strainers and bilge injections are to be opened up for examination if deemed necessary by the Surveyor. The system is to be tested in working condition.
(k) Air compressor of essential services is to be examined. Safety valve setting is to be checked.
(l) Evaporators are to be opened up and examined. Safety valve settings are to be checked.
(m) Main and auxiliary engines are to be tested in working condition if deemed necessary by the Surveyor.
(n) Engine room remote control quick closing valves are to be opened up, examined and tested in working condition.
(o) Feed pumps, burning pumps and boiler water circulating pumps for boilers are to be opened up and examined.
(p) Steam turbines
In addition to the foregoing items (a) to (o) of 2.7.2 above, steam turbines used as main and auxiliary engines are to be examined as follows:
(i) Steam turbine blades, rotors, stop valves, shafts glands, thrust and adjusting bearings together with oil drains and sealing pipes are to be examined.
(ii) Exhaust steam turbines, gears, clutches, and electric motors are to be opened up and examined; coned ends of internal driving shafts are to be examined.
(iii) For main steam pipes, a selected section is to be removed and examined when they are 12 years old and thenceforth at each Special Survey. Sufficient lagging is to be removed for examination and hydraulically tested to twice the working pressure. When deemed necessary by the Surveyor the thickness of pipes is to be ascertained to determine the future working pressure.
(iv) Condensers are to be examined and tested if repaired.
(v) Safety devices are to be examined and tested.
(q) Diesel engine
(i) In addition to the foregoing items (a) to (o) of 2.7.2 above, diesel engines used as main and auxiliary engines are to be examined as follows:
Cylinders, covers, valves and valve gears, pistons, piston rod, crossheads, guides, connecting rods, crankshafts and all bearings, crankcases, bed-plates, entablatures, crankcase door fastenings and explosion relief devices, scavenge pumps, scavenge blowers, superchargers and their associated coolers, air compressors and their intercoolers, filters and/or separators and safety devices, fuel injection pumps and fittings, camshaft drives and balancer units, torsional vibration dampers or de-tuners, flexible couplings, clutches, reverse gears, attached pumps and cooling arrangements are to be examined.
Special consideration as to the requirements for Special Surveys may be given for diesel engines with bores 300 mm or under, provided the engine is maintained under a manufacturer's scheduled maintenance program.
(1) The records of the program, including lubrication servicing, are to be made available to the Surveyor. Periodical overhauls, required by the manufacturer's scheduled maintenance program, are to be witnessed by the Surveyor.
(2) For craft not engaged in international voyages, the survey may be carried out by reviewing the records of the program and other effective means, such as the verification runs specified in (s) of 2.7.2 below, to confirm that engines are in good order. Periodical overhauls, required by the manufacturer's scheduled maintenance program, are to be witnessed by the Surveyor.
(ii) Tie rods are to be re-tensioned, as necessary. Engine entablature bolting is to be checked for tightness, and crankshaft deflections of medium-speed and low-speed type engines are to be measured and placed in good order.
(r) Electrical installations.
(i) The survey is to comprise examination of the electrical installation with regard to fire and explosion hazards and injury from accidental touching. The survey is also to include testing of correct functioning of equipment covered by the requirements of the Rules.
(ii) As far as practicable, the following equipment is to be examined for satisfactory condition:
(1) Main and emergency switchboards.
(2) Generators.
(3) Distribution boards.
(4) Motor starters.
(5) Electrical motors.
(6) Converters (e.g. transformers, rectifiers, chargers).
(7) Cable installations.
(8) Enclosures for electrical equipment.
(9) Lighting equipment.
(10) Heating equipment.
(11) Battery installation.
(iii) The following are to be tested to the extent deemed necessary by the Surveyor to ascertain the proper functioning of the equipment:
(1) Generator load test.
(2) Generator parallel operation.
(3) Generator protection relays.
(4) Generator remote speed control.
(5) Generator synchronizing equipment.
(6) Power plant interlocking systems.
(7) Insulation resistance indicating device.
(8) Emergency generator including switchboard.
(9) Battery chargers.
(10) Mechanical ventilation of battery rooms /lockers.
(11) Navigation lights, with controllers including alarms.
(iv) Measurements of insulation resistance on main and emergency switchboards, generators, exciter s, propulsion motors if the craft is of electrical propulsion and all electrical installations and their wiring are to be performed as follows:
Part to be tested Insulation resistance
Switchboard with all out-going
Generator and motor Each generator or motor to hull 1,000 times the rated voltage of the machine in ohms
conductor to hull 100,000 ohms
(v) Tests of emergency stopping means of all oil transfer systems, and boiler and engine room ventilations are to be performed.
(vi) For the main electric propelling machinery, windings, commutators and slip -rings, all air ducts in stator coil and ventilating holes in rotors are to be examined.
(s) Machinery verification runs for craft not engaged in international voyages
As part of the Special Survey of machinery, a dock trial in the presence of the Surveyor is to be carried out in order to confirm satisfactory operation of main and auxiliary machinery. A sea trial may be carried out if deemed necessary by the Surveyor.
If significant repairs are carried out to main or auxiliary machinery or steering gear, consideration should be given to a sea trial to the satisfaction of the Surveyor.
2.7.3 Special Survey – CAS
The following are to be performance tested and placed in order:
(a) Main propulsion machinery and controllable pitch propellers
(i) Change-over devices of control positions between main control station and local control station.
(ii) Safety devices.
(b) Boilers
(i) Automatic and remote control systems.
(ii) Safety devices.
(c) Electric generating sets
(i) Automatic and remote control systems.
(ii) Safety devices.
(d) Automatic change-over devices (or remote start/stop devices) of essential pumps and automatic starting devices (or remote start/stop devices) of air compressors.
(e) Alarm systems
(i) Function of alarm systems and indicator devices.
(ii) Confirmations of setting points of alarms.
(f) Remote control and monitoring systems 2.7.4 Special Survey − CAU, CAB
The following are to be performance tested and placed in order:
(a) Main propulsion machinery and controllable pitch propellers
(i) Change-over devices of control positions between navigation bridge and main control station and between main control station and local control station, or between main monitoring and control station on bridge and local station or sub-control station.
(ii) Safety devices.
(b) Boilers
(i) Automatic and remote control systems.
(ii) Safety devices.
(c) Electric generating sets
(i) Automatic and remote control systems.
(ii) Safety devices.
(iii) Automatic start of stand-by power supply unit after black-out, where applicable.
(d) Automatic change-over devices of essential pumps and automatic starting devices (or remote start/stop devices) of air compressors.
(e) Communication systems specified in 2.9 of Part VIII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
(f) Alarm systems
(i) Function of alarm systems and indicator devices.
(ii) Confirmations of setting points of alarms.
(g) Remote control and monitoring systems
Where considered necessary by the Surveyor, sea trials may be required upon completion of the above mentioned tests.
2.7.5 Special Survey − marine oil pollution prevention installations
Marine oil pollution prevention installations including operation tests as far as practicable are to be surveyed according to the IMO resolution A.1053(27) − Guidelines for Surveys under Annex I of MARPOL 73/78 with its amendments.
Surveys carried out by the National Authorities of the countries in which the craft are registered may be accepted as meeting these requirements.