部落格使用者的資訊行為特徵研究

ⵒ┛ጁ͐ᮢ≛᱿⫏⤻⠗ᣅ᧚൉ᶇἄ

A Study of Features of Blog Users’ Information

Behaviors

㋧ʊᑌ

ʊᅘञણ⫏⤻ЗႩણ₇ᶇἄ໽ᶇἄᮝ

Shih-Hua Kao

Graduate Student,

Department of Information and Communications, Shih Hsin University

E-mail: kelly7250@yahoo.com.tw

ኚㅳ࡫

ʊᅘञણ⫏⤻ЗႩણ₇Հ᫧ᄞ࿙

Sung-Chien Lin

Assistant Professor,

Department of Information and Communications, Shih Hsin University

E-mail: scl@cc.shu.edu.tw

〦⼫⥱ņKeywordsŇŘ

ⵒ┛ጁņBlogsŇ

ř⫏⤻ଁᖣņInformation SeekingŇ

ř⫏⤻⠗ᣅņInformation

BehaviorŇ

ȹၪ⣬Ⱥ

ⵒ┛ጁ఩⃻ໞᣅ⧠घᅘẤ༬ʑሱңሷഛㅨ

Ի᱿਄㋤ʠɺŊʏଃᅠ͐ᮢ≛᱿⫏⤻ଁᖣ⠗ᣅ

ⳍໞഛㅨȯ቏ᶇἄᄮ᫧ⵒ┛ጁ᱿᳈〦Ꮥ൳דԼ

⋱Ŋʏ˫ʷ̤֓ⵒ┛ጁ͐ᮢ≛᱿⥏⦹⃌ኞଃⵒ

┛ጁʀ᱿⫏⤻ଁᖣ⠗ᣅ᧚൉Ⳗ⠗ဎⲩȯᶇἄ⃌

ኞㆴḻŊ͐ᮢ≛߱ⵒ┛ጁ᱿⿭আՒᑨȮⳐ⃌ᅞ

ೣȮⲅӲᐻ᜾ȮᲶ᳖⎞ဏחᅞೣᾀᾀⵣଭ᫠ʴ

֓Ӡ⩴૗᱿⠗ᣅ᧚൉Ŋᶇἄʏᱹ᫠Ř(1)෼฾⊓

↙ᆯט⥏≛⃻౑ဏד᱿͐ᮢᲿᐻŊʏʈⳆỚՒ

ᑨʬഛㅨʴ׳Ớ⠗ᣅ᧚൉ř(2) ͐ᮢ≛ሳͩᤫ

⎊ໟ᱿トᖣ˫ד໽⚠᱿෼ࣀᱹଭӛ׶⳺᱿͐

ᮢᅞೣŊⳆˀᅘ͐ᮢᅞೣר⋱ʃ׺ᅠᱹᆙ≛⎞

࿴ೊ≛໽⥑บ᱿ሱ͵ᅠ͐ᮢ᱿Լ⋱ř(3) ⵒ┛

ጁʀ᱿Τː⃻㊹ᆯ͐ᮢ≛Ⳗ⠗⫏⤻ଁᖣ᱿ʙ

⣬׆ߌʠɺř(4) ⩴૗≟⁤ⅅ᱿ߧЭ⃻౑⋱च

ؚ೧͐ᮢ≛ⳖҘⵒ┛ጁȯ

μ

Abstract

ν

Blog has already become one of the most

influential media among new technologies,

and has impacted on users’ information

seeking behaviors. This research utilized an

interview survey to explore related concepts

and unique functions of blog media. Interviews

with 20 blog users were completed and

analyzed to depict characteristics of information

seeking behaviors founded in the use of blogs.

The result shows that the users had

performed a variety of behavioral features in

motivations of using blogs, ways of linking

from one blog to another, criteria of

identification among blogs, methods of blog

monitoring and extracting and so forth. Some

major observations were also found during the

interviews conducted: (1) emotion connection

is frequently mentioned by users as one of

their main purposes of using blogs, which can

be found in each characteristic of information

seeking behaviors; (2) when users use new

functions of blog, based on their respective

needs and situations they can develop their

own strategies and methods, which can be

very different from those provided or assumed

by inventors and promoters; (3) personal

experience shared by bloggers is one of the

primary reasons why users employ blogs to

find information needed; (4) abundant and

delicate images embedded in blogs can

always attract users’ attention.

ᶇἄ⋍ᇓ⎞Ւᑨ

ज୾ޠ Dave Winer ᇅ Jorn Barger Ӷ 1997 ԒॷӒ ࡛ҴΠಒΚঐȶп Web ࣐֖౫൭Ϯޠঐ΢खᓄ ȞlogȟȷȂٯᆏϟ࣐ഌဤੀ(weblog)(഍ࡈ㝟ȂҖ 96)Ȅ ਣՎϭСȂഌဤੀϑԚ࣐ӓ౩ޠॴዙȂ೩Ӽޠᆪၰ ٻң޲ϛ༊စளᎨ᠟у΢ޠഌဤੀȂӤਣη࡛ဋΠ ঐ΢ޠഌဤੀȂ೼ٳ࡛ဋٯй഻ձᇅစᕋঐ΢ഌဤ ੀޠ΢Ȃ೾ளೞᆏ࣐ഌဤࡋ(blogger)Ȅ਴ᐄ਴ᐄ Sifry's Alerts (2007, Apr. 5)Жң຀ӫޠഌဤੀΤπᆪ ય Technorati (http://technorati.com/)ᄈܼഌဤੀٻ ңޠಜॏȂ௄ 2006 ԒϥУՎ 2007 ԒήУϛژΚԒ ޠਣ໣Ȃӓ౩ഌဤੀ኶໕௄ήξϥԼ࿳ԚߞژΝξ ϥԼ࿳ȂؑЉङԥΫΡ࿳ঐഌဤੀ࡛ҴȃΚԼϥΫ ࿳጖НതёีȄѫΚ໷Ҧ Pew Internet & American Life Project ܛණяޠज୾ഌဤࡋಜॏࠍߓұȂᄡՎ 2006 Ԓ 7 У࣐ЦȂज୾ङԥ 39ʦޠᆪၰٻң޲ȃࣻ ࿌ܼ 5,700 ࿳ޠज୾΢෇ആ೥ႇഌဤੀȂٯйԥ 8 ʦޠᆪၰٻң޲ȃࣻ࿌ܼ 1,200 ࿳΢᐀ԥഌဤੀ(ሂ ਫῴȂҖ 95)ȄᢏᄇѯᢋޠޒݸȂഌဤੀӶ 2002 Ԓ ЖΤѯᢋޠᆪၰᕘძࡤȂϑစӶަཽ౱ҢΚঐ྄τ ޠॴዙȂ௄൭ᡞϏձ޲ȃᏱҢȃΚૢαੳఋȃ࢈ݾ ΢ޑȃ᛻΢ژঢ়৴лஐ๊ө՘өཿޠ΢എп᐀ԥՍ ϐޠഌဤੀ࣐ਣۧȂܛпޣژ 2007 Ԓ 7 У࣐ЦȂ Սϐ᐀ԥഌဤੀޠᆪЅϑစႁژ 68.2% (഻ҀርҀ ൠःف៬ୱϵѨȂҖ 96)ȄഌဤੀϑดԚ࣐࿌хަ ཽޠ፞Ӽུऌ׭Ϝഷڏԥኈ៫Ωޠ൭ᡞϟΚȄ ུऌ׭ޠя౫ཽᄈձ޲ȃ᠟޲пІяޏ޲ആԚ࡟ τޠኈ៫(McQuailȂ1997)Ȅഌဤੀޠя౫ȂѠᇴழ ٿΠུޠ༉ክዂԓȂ੬ր࢑᠟޲Ӷഌဤੀα૗஋Щ Ӷ༉ಜ൭ᡞα᐀ԥ؂ӼޠՍл᠍ᇅ҂๊ܓȄഌဤੀ ஽።ϸٵȃ໡ܺй२ຝޏ᠍๊ᆡઢȂഌဤੀϲৡᆔ ౪قಜ(blog content management system)τӼණٽΠ ົഀ๗ȃӲ྘ഀ๗(trackback)ȃRSS(Really Simple Syndication)ȃ᠟޲Ӳᔗ(reader comments)๊ѓ૗Ȃٻ ᠟޲Ҧೞ୞ޠȶ௦Ԟȷᙾಌژл୞ޠȶཫ൷ȷȃȶϤ ୞ȷпІȶϸٵȷȂӱԫȂΚঐၘᚡ߰૗஋Ӷᕢ໣Ж କಁӼഌဤੀαޠτ໕ଇ፤ȄپԄпՔӗᇅᏎВჹ ޠ᏾ލϜȂҢࣁӶ᏾ލϜޠᏎВჹҖಁȂ߰ٻңК ᐡȃࣻᐡȃV8 ױ᏾ލഷ෥መޠΚ८खᓄίٿȂٯй ϵҁӶᆪၰαȂစҦഌဤࡋউ՜ഀ༉ሏژзࣩө ӵȂആԚኅτޠࡧՄᇅଇ፤(֕ۡႁȂҖ 95)ȂѠُ ഌဤੀ༉ክޠࡅΩȄӱԫҐःف஡௄᠟޲ޠِ࡚Ȃ ௥ଇഌဤੀޠٻң८ӪȄ Ԅࠊܛख़Ȃഌဤੀٻң޲ޠ΢኶ಁӼȂᄈуউՅ ّȂഌဤੀϑစԚ࣐ΚᆎུᑘՅй२्ޠᆪၰၦଊ ٿྜȂӶഌဤੀαໍ՘ཫ൷ȃᘳ៕ȃ֝Ԟȃึߓп Іһඳၦଊ࢑ٻң޲ߩள२्ޠ՘࣐ȄดՅτഌϸ ޠഌဤੀःف።ࢦȂԄ഻ҀርҀൠःف៬ୱϵѨᇅ ณӫϊયӔӤӬձໍ՘ޠȶഌဤੀٻңཏُ።ࢦȷ (഻ҀርҀൠःف៬ୱϵѨȂҖ 95)ȂτӼѬ຀ಂӶ ٻң޲ޠ੬፵ȃٻңಭᄜᇅᘳ៕ޠഌဤੀ᜹րȂၷ Ў௄ഌဤੀҐٙԥրܼڐу൭ᡞޠѓ૗ٿໍ՘ः فȇՅйҭࠊޠःفηၷЎၽңၦଊ՘࣐ޠ౪፤ٿ ඣख़пІႲขٻң޲Ӷഌဤੀαޠ՘࣐ȄӱԫȂҐ ःفޠҭޠ߰࢑וగ௄ၦଊ༉ክޠِ࡚௥ଇ᠟޲Ӷ ഌဤੀαޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐ȂΠ၍೼ঐ൭Ϯޠ੬ܓᄈ ܼഌဤੀαၦଊࢻ೾Рԓޠኈ៫Ȅ

ҐНॷӒᐍ౪яႇџःفܛࡿяޠөᆎഌဤੀޠ ࣻᜱ྆܉ᇅѓ૗ȇ௦຀௥ଇၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐ޠࣻᜱН ᝧȄःفРݳٻң೥ፚݳȂٯଭᄈःفޠ๗ݏໍ՘ ϸݚᇅଇ፤ȂٯණяґٿःفѠໍ՘ޠРӪȄ

ⵒ┛ጁ᳈〦Ꮥ൳⎞Լ⋱

ⵒ┛ጁ᱿᳈〦Ꮥ൳

Blog ӶҐःفϜ೾ᆏ࣐ȶഌဤੀȷȂۢဏ࣐ҦΚ՞ (ܗӼ՞)ഌဤࡋӶ࢛Κঐഌဤੀϲৡᆔ౪قಜϜܛ ࡛ҴȃጢᒯІᆱៗޠΚقӗڏԥࣻӤлᚡܗ࢑׶ึ ௒དϟНതޠ໲Ӭ(collection)Ȃ᠟޲(єࢃڐуޠഌ ဤࡋᇅΚૢ᠟޲)ѠпໍΤഌဤੀϲৡᆔ౪قಜȂഀ ๗Վ၏ഌဤੀཫ൷ȃᘳ៕ᇅᎨ᠟೼ٳഌဤੀНതȇ ӱԫΚঐഌဤੀޠٻң޲Ѡпۢဏ࣐ѻޠഌဤࡋп Іڐуޠ᠟޲Ȅഌဤੀϲৡᆔ౪قಜѠпҦഌဤࡋ Ս՘࢝ᄻܗҦȶഌဤੀ݉ଡ଼ණٽ޲ȷ(Blog Service Provider, BSP)ܛ࡛ဋȂ୾ϲ຀ӫޠഌဤੀ݉ଡ଼ණٽ ޲ ԥ ณ ӫ ϊ ય (http://www.wretch.cc/blog/) ȃ Xuite (http://blog.xuite.net/)๊Ȅ೼ٳ྆܉ϟ໣ޠᜱ߾Ȃש উѠппშ 1 ֖౫Ȅ

ⵒ┛ጁ᱿Լ⋱

сಡϸݚؑΚ጖ഌဤੀНതޠᄻԚȂѠпึ౫೼ ٳНӈଷΠϲНϟѵȂτयᗚڏԥዀᚡȃഀ๗ȃС ෉Іਣ໣ᘗӠ(time stamp)ȃϸ᜹ȃ᠟޲Ӳᔗ๊ං໷ ϰષȄഌဤੀϲৡᆔ౪قಜණٽഌဤࡋࡹྲਣ໣ܗ ϲৡлᚡȂϸ᜹ཋᐍഌဤੀޠө጖НതȂ࿌ԥሰ् ਣȂηѠп௵ңӼ२ϸ᜹Ȅഌဤੀϲৡᆔ౪قಜη ණٽΠӶقಜϲܗࡿۢޠঐրഌဤੀϲཫ൷ޠѓ ૗Ȃᔔֆٻң޲ӶНത኶ҭ຺ٿ຺ӼȂܗ࢑དྷ्൷ ׳੬ۢၦଊਣȂ૗ഇႇཫ൷ЖᔞޠڟֆȂႁژ؂ࣹ ਣР߰ޠҭޠȄԫѵȂഌဤੀ؂ڏԥѳ໷२्йᇅ ڐуᆪၰ൭ᡞϛӤޠѓ૗Ȉ 1. ЖңޠӲ྘ഀ๗(trackback)ȈӲ྘ഀ๗࢑ࡿ࿌ ഌဤੀޠНതೞڐуձ޲ӶഌဤੀНതϜ୥ Մٻңٯ࡛Ҵࣻᜱഀ๗ਣȂഌဤੀϲৡᆔ౪ق ಜ௄ᄈРޠഌဤੀᆔ౪قಜ௦ᕖ೼ঐഀ๗ޠ ࣻᜱଊਁȂٯᡘұܼ೼጖ഌဤੀНതޠЖңഀ ๗αȄഌဤࡋ߰૗஋ഇႇӲ྘ഀ๗ȂூޤНത ೞڐуഌဤࡋЖңޠ௒םȇᎨ᠟೼጖Нതޠ᠟ ޲ηѠп௄೼ٳӲ྘ഀ๗ໍΤЖңޠഌဤੀ НതȄ 2. Ҙεഀ๗(permalink)ȈഌဤੀНതӶقಜϜԇ ܺӶၦਠ৳ІᆪॳڎঐഌϸȄথึոϛεޠഌ ဤੀНതཽ௄ၦਠ৳Ϝᘞڦяٿ֖౫Ӷഌဤੀ ޠॷॳȂΚҎ࿌ഌဤੀϜޠϲৡತᑗ຺ӼਣȂ ഌဤࡋ ഌဤੀ ഌဤੀ݉ଡ଼ණٽ޲ ᠟޲ ഌဤੀ ϲৡᆔ౪قಜ ࢝೪ ጢᒯᇅᆱៗ Ꭸ᠟ᇅӲᔗ შ 1! ഌဤੀࣻᜱ྆܉ᜱ߾შ ࢝ ೪

ึߓਣ໣ၷεޠഌဤੀНതϛӕ֖౫Ӷॷॳ ၈Ȃԫਣ permalink пڿۢϛᡑޠഀ๗ණٽഌဤ ੀНതӶၦਠ৳ϜޠҘε՞ဋȂٻூڐуޠഌ ဤੀНത૗஋ЖңȄ 3. ዀᡇ(tag)Ȉഌဤੀᆔ౪قಜණٽഌဤࡋٻң Սॐޠዀᡇٿᆔ౪ഌဤੀϲޠНതȂؑΚ጖ഌ ဤੀНതѠпࡿۢӼঐϛӤޠዀᡇȂР߰᠟ ޲ᘳ៕Ȅ 4. RSSȈRSS ࢑Κᆎᇨձᆪॳϲৡᄣ्ޠРݳȄ ഌဤࡋഇႇ XML ዀྦϾੀԓޠٻңȂѠпӶӉ եႬဟقಜܗ҂ѯαϸึڸཋᐍഌဤੀᆪॳޠ ϲৡȂӱԫၷৡܿ౱Ңٯл୞༉ክଊਁȄτӼ኶ ޠഌဤੀϲৡᆔ౪قಜഎණٽԥ RSS ѓ૗Ȃ᠟ ޲Ѡпٻң RSS Reader ܗ࢑ԥණٽ RSS ޠᘳ៕ ᏣȂॐᎨഌဤੀޠНതȂ௦Ԟ഻ձ޲ഷߗ౱Ңޠ ଊਁȄҭࠊ RSS Reader єࢃԋ၇ܼٻң޲Ⴌဟ αޠᑀҴقಜпІٻң޲Ѡпᙥᘳ៕Ꮳഀ๗ޠ ጤα RSS ReaderȄ຀ӫޠᑀҴقಜޠ RSS Reader ԥ SharpReader (http://www.sharpreader.net/)ȃRSS Bandit (http://www.rssbandit.org/)ȃGreat News Rss Reader (http://www.curiostudio.com/)๊ȇጤ α ޠ RSS Reader ࠍ ԥ Google Reader (http://googlereader.blogspot.com/) ȃ Bloglines (http://www.bloglines.com/)๊Ȅ

⫏⤻ଁᖣ⠗ᣅ᧚൉᱿᳈〦ᶇἄ

ၦଊᕖڦ(information acquisition)࢑ࡿၦଊٻң޲ ᇌཏܗϛစཏӵഇႇөᆎ༉ክᆔၿ௄өᆎၦଊྜϜ ڦூܛሰၦଊޠႇโ(Wilson, 1997)ȄၦଊᕖڦޠР ԓԥȈ(1)ӶϛڔཏޠޒݸίȂٻң޲௄ڻ᎐ޠᕘძ Ϝȶೞ୞ݨཏȷ(passive attention)ܛሰޠၦଊՅђп ᕖڦȇ(2) ٻң޲Ӷཫ൷ڐуၦଊਣȂ࿧Ѿӵȶೞ୞ ཫ൷ȷ(passive search)ژܛሰޠၦଊȇ(3) ٻң޲ȶл ୞ཫ൷ȷ(active search)Ґٙܛሰޠၦଊȇ(4)ԥߞ෉ ᇕ໲ࣻᜱၦଊޠ्҇ਣȂѠпȶࡼ៊ໍ՘ཫ൷ȷ (ongoing search)ڦூ؂ུܗໍΚؐޠၦଊ(Wilson, 1997)Ȅ೼ٳၦଊᕖڦРԓѠпٸྲၦଊٻң޲࢑֐ ݃ᡘӵп࿌ίޠୱᚡ၍؛࣐л्ҭޠٿђпୣϸȂ ࠊڎᆎޠၦଊᕖڦРԓ࢑ୌดӵึ౫ԥңܗԥᑺ ፹ၦଊޠȶၦଊୌႅȷ(information encountering)ޠ ՘࣐(Erdelez, 1996)ȇࡤڎ޲ࠍ࢑ԥ੬ۢҭዀȃпୱ ᚡ ࣐ Ᏻ Ӫ ޠ ၦ ଊ ൷ ؒ ՘ ࣐ (information-seeking behavior) (Wilson, 1999)ȄᗷดΚૢᇰ࣐೼ڎᆎഎ࢑ ࣻ࿌ԥਞޠၦଊᕖڦРԓȂկ࢑ߗԒၦଊୌႅޠࣻ ᜱ ः ف Ϙ ໡ ۗ ڨ ژ २ ຝ (Erdelez, 1996; Rioux, 2004)ȇկ࢑Їᢏၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐ԟϑԚ࣐შਫၦଊᏱ ስ஀ޠ२्ःف፟ᚡȂᐤԒٿϑစԥࣻ࿌ᙵ൳ޠः فԚݏ(Wilson, 1999)ȄҐःف࢑ഌဤੀၦଊٻңޠ ߒؐ௥સܓःفȂӱԫ஡Ӓϸݚٻң޲Ӷഌဤੀα ޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐Ȅ ၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐ޠЖକ࢑ၦଊٻң޲Ӷ࢛ٳ௒ძ ίȂញᄇژ࢛ᆎሰؒ(need)౱ҢȂуউ௄ҔԓܗߩҔ ԓޠၦଊྜܗ݉ଡ଼Ȃл୞ึ౫ࣻᜱޠၦଊٿၑშᅗ ٘೼ኻޠሰؒ (Wilson, 1999)Ȅሰؒ(need)࢑Κᆎו గႁژ࢛ᆎҭޠޠᇰޤޒᄙȂՅй೼ኻޠޒᄙ࢑Κ ᆎлᢏޠᡞᡜȄ࿌ঐ΢ึញҐٙુн࢛ٳၦଊܗ࢑ དྷ्ຠզܗጃᇰҐٙ᐀ԥޠၦଊȃ߭ӊܗቌঅᢏȂ Յདژᇰޤαޠϛڟ።(cognitive dissonance)ਣȂу উ߰Ѡᇴ࢑౱ҢΠၦଊሰؒ(information need)Ȅঐ΢ ཽл୞൷ؒٯᕖڦөᆎ༉ክᆔၿϜޠଊਁٿᅗ٘у উޠሰؒȂ၍؛ӱ࣐ঐ΢ᇰޤᇅဋٙᕘძѷᒌܛЖ କୱᚡȂ෶մୱᚡആԚޠᔇΩ(stress)Ȃٯ҂ඉᔇΩ ழٿޠ௒ᆲ(Wilson, 1997)Ȅ

Ellis ๊΢(Ellis, 1989; Ellis, Cox, & Hall, 1993; Ellis & Merete, 1997)ःفΠӼᆎᏱ೛ःفᇅ׭೛ ึ৥Ϗձ޲ޠөᆎၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐Ȃђпϸݚᘫા ࡤȈණяΠၦଊ൷ؒႇโϜѠ૗ึҢޠөᆎ՘࣐੬ ኊȇӶԫϟࡤȂ೼ٳၦଊ൷ؒޠ੬ኊစளೞၽңӶ өᆎϛӤᙜཿ᜹րޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐ޠϸݚःفϟϜ (Ellis, 1989; Ellis et al, 1993; Ellis & Merete, 1997; Choo, Brian, & Don, 1998; Choo, Brian, & Don, 2000; Thivant, 2005)Ȅᗷด೼ٳޤᜌϏձ޲ޠၦଊ൷ؒ੬ ኊ౲ԥৰ౵Ȃկ਴ᐄ Ellis ๊΢ޠःف๗ݏȂτयα ѠпᘫાԚ࣐໡ۗ(starting)ȃഀ๗(chaining)ȃᘳ៕ (browsing)ȃᒲր(differentiating)ȃᆀࣽ(monitoring)ȃ ණڦ(extracting)ȃࢦਰ(verifying)ȃ๗؃(ending)Υ ໷ȇпίଭᄈөঐ੬ኊޠۢဏȃл्ࣁ୞пІٻң ޠᆔၿђпᇴ݃Ȉ

ȶ໡ۗȷ࢑ӶΚঐུޠስ஀ܗлᚡϜ൷׳ၦଊȂ ٻ ூ ཫ ൷ ޲ ૗ ஋ ໍ Τ ȶ ഷ ߒ ዤ ோ ȷ (initial familiarisation)ޠ໧ࢳ(Ellis, 1989)ȄڏᡞٿᇴȂȶ໡ۗȷ ࢑ཫ൷޲຀Кུܼޠܗ࢑ϛዤோޠःف໡ᆓਣȂᄈ ܼၦଊᇕ໲ܛ୉ޠॏฬ(Ellis & Merete, 1997)ȇٻ ཫ൷޲ݨཏژҭዀስ஀Ϝޠл्྆܉ܗ࢑२्ः فȂпІණٽስ஀ޠ྆ᢏ(Ellis, 1989)Ȅл्ၽңޠ ၦྜєࢃΠߩҔԓޠ΢ር௦ដ(informal contact)п ІഇႇႬဟӲ྘ࣻᜱޠၦਠ৳ܗᄣ्ȃຠख़๊Ԫ઼ ၦਠ(Ellis et al, 1993)ȄӶᆪርᆪၰαȂ೼ঐ੬ኊޠ л्ཫ൷՘࣐ࠍ࣐ཫ൷޲ጃᇰє֥Ґٙԥᑺ፹ޠၦ ଊϟକۗॳ८Іᆪય (Choo et al, 2000)Ȅ ȶഀ๗ȷ࢑ȶଢ൷ȷ(chasing)໧ࢳϜޠ२्੬ኊ (Ellis et al, 1993)ȄӶ೼ঐ໧ࢳȂཫ൷޲ւң፤Нޠ ЖНၦਠໍ՘ܦ৥ܓޠཫ൷Ȃ൷׳؂Ӽࣻᜱޠ঩ۗ ၦଊ(Ellis, 1989)ȇഀ๗ޠРԓє֥ၮᓎ፤Нࡤܛߤ ђޠ୥ՄНᝧޠȶӪࡤഀ๗ȷ(backward chaining)п ІٸᎭ ISI (the Institute for Scientific Information)ܛ яޏޠөᆎЖНસЖၦਠ৳Ȃ׳ژ؂ӼЖңକۗН ᝧޠ෉ё፤НޠȶӪࠊഀ๗ȷ(forward chaining) (Ellis, 1989)ȄӶᆪርᆪၰޠᕘძίȂ೼ঐ੬ኊޠл्ࣁ୞ ࣐ၮᓎ຀Κঐକۗᆪॳαޠഀ๗ڦூڐуࣻᜱޠᆪ ય(Choo et al, 2000)Ȅ ȶᘳ៕ȷଷΠ࢑Ӷȶഷߒዤோȷ໧ࢳϜᙥҦၦਠ ৳ޠӲ྘ூژࣻᜱНതձ࣐ࡤ៊ःفࣁ୞ޠஆᙄϟ ѵȂٯйᗚ࢑ȶߴࡼޤᐏȷ(maintaining awareness) ޠ२्՘࣐(Ellis et al, 1993)Ȅཫ൷޲উ೾ளп௮ඣ ෉ёޠᚡӫӗߓȃҭᓄȃлᚡߓȃಣᙒӫᇅ΢ӫȃ ᄣ्ȃࣦՎႬဟཫ൷๗ݏ๊РԓȂึ౫уউ੬րԥ ᑺ፹ޠӵР(Ellis & Merete, 1997)ȄӶᆪርᆪၰޠ ᕘძϜȂཫ൷޲ࠍ࢑п௮ඣॷॳȃዀᚡڸᆪયӵშ ๊ Р ԓ ཫ ൷ ೼ ٳ ᆪ ય Ϝ ུ ޠ ܗ ࢑ ԥ ᑺ ፹ ޠ ϲ ৡ (Choo et al, 2000)Ȅ ȶᒲրȷ࢑ၦଊᇕ໲Ϝໍ՘ȶٿྜϸ઼ȷ(source prioritisation)ޠ໧ࢳ(Ellis et al, 1993)Ȃཫ൷޲ᒲր ၦଊٿྜޠܓ፵Ȃٯٸྲၦଊٿྜޠ᜹࠯ᇅ२्ܓ ϸ઼Ȃໍ՘ႇᘯ(Thivant, 2005)Ȅ२्ܓޠᒲրዀ ྦԥȈ(1)плᚡໍ՘ୣᒲȇ(2)਴ᐄަཽऌᏱᏱߟ ϜϛӤᏱࣃޠڦӪܗᢏᘉໍ՘ୣᒲȇ(3)Ӷ੬ۢስ஀ ϜȂٸྲ෉ёޠܓ፵ໍ՘ᒲր(Ellis, 1989)Ȅٯйཫ ൷޲೾ளпҐٙစᡜȃπ࿭ܗԥᜱٿྜޠຠ፤ٿໍ ՘ցᘟȄӶᆪርᆪၰޠᕘძϜȂ೼ঐ՘࣐੬ኊޠڏ ᡞ৥౫࢑ཫ൷޲ԥقಜӵᒶᐆࣻᜱܗԥᑺ፹ၦଊ ࡤȂւңᆪॳਫᡇ(bookmarks)ଅᓄᆪયޠ՞֮ܗ࢑ ፓᇨ(copy-and-paste)ܗӗӠᆪॳޠϲৡ(Choo et al, 2000)Ȅ ȶᆀࣽȷ࢑࣐ΠᄈܼΚঐስ஀ޠึ৥пІϛᘟ؂ ུޠ׭೛ߴࡼΠ၍ޠޒᄙȂՅளᄙܓӵݨཏ੬ۢޠ ၦଊٿྜȂпᕖூഷུၦଊޠ୞ձ(Ellis, 1989; Ellis & Merete, 1997)ȄϛӤޠᏱऌनෂȃᙜཿഎཽኈ៫ᆀ ࣽޠࣁ୞(Ellis, 1989)ȂՅйཫ൷޲ңٿᆱࡼၦଊུ ᑘޠРԓєࢃΠҔԓܗߩҔԓޠᆔၿȄȶᆀࣽȷ՘࣐ ੬ኊӶᆪርᆪၰᕘძϜޠ৥౫Ȃєࢃۢ෉ആ೥Ӷᒲ րࣁ୞Ϝпᆪॳਫᡇܗଅᏺޠ URL ՞๊֮Рԓᓾ ԇίٿޠᆪॳȂܗ࢑ٻң௱ክ(push)ȃх౪โԓ (agents)๊Рԓ௦Ԟᆪયޠ؂ུȂໍ՘ᆀࣽ(Choo et al, 2000)Ȅ ȶණڦȷ࢑ࡿԥقಜӵ௄׳ژޠၦྜϜᒶᐆࣻᜱ ܗԥᑺ፹ޠၦଊ(Ellis, 1989)ȄӶȶഷߒዤோȷ໧ࢳ ϜȂཫ൷޲௄ϛӤޠၦଊٿྜϜጃۢܛሰ्ޠၦਠ (Ellis et al, 1993)ȄѫѵȂȶණڦȷ೾ளӶःف޲ኦቹ Ӳ៬Нᝧȃᖃ๗෉ёൣ֚ȃܗ࢑яޏ፤НܗНത๊ ๊ ϛ Ӥ ם ԓ ޠ ऌ Ᏹ ࣁ ୞ ਣ ึ Ң (Ellis & Merete, 1997)ȄӶ Ellis ᄈަཽऌᏱঢ়ܛ୉ޠःفϜȂ࢑пঐ րཫ൷޲ܛණڦၦଊޠၦଊٿྜձ࣐ණڦޠϸ᜹Ȃ ڐ Ϝ є ࢃ (1) ෉ ё Ȃ (2) я ޏ ࠣ ҭ ᓄ (publisher’s catalogues)Ȃ(3)୥Մਫҭ(bibliographies)ȃસЖпІ ᄣ्(abstracts)ȄӶᆪርᆪၰޠᕘძϜȂණڦޠ՘࣐ ੬ኊ৥౫ܼཫ൷޲ԥقಜӵӶᆪયϲ൷׳уᇰ࣐ԥ ңޠᆪॳϲৡ(Choo et al, 2000)Ȅ ȶࢦਰȷ࢑ཫ൷޲л୞ӵւңΚٳዀྦܗ࢑׭ ѾȂᡲܛࢦூޠၦଊᅿѠ૗ޠϹᚡȃᄃңᇅҔጃȂ ഷл्ٻңޠᆔၿ࢑Ⴌဟໍ՘ޠӲ྘ཫ൷Ȃᜱᗥມ ࢑ഷளೞٻңޠዀྦȂڐԪ࢑ਣ໣ጓ൝ޠ४ۢ(fixed period) (Ellis & Merete, 1997)Ȅ

ȶ๗؃ȷ࢑൷࢛ؒঐлᚡܗॏฬޠၦଊ๗؃ਣ੬ ԥޠ՘࣐(Ellis, 1989)ȄӶ೼ঐ੬ኊϜȂཫ൷޲ᄈܼ ःفޠስ஀ϑစڏԥΚۢޠޤᜌᇅΠ၍ٯйึ౫੬ ۢӉଡ଼Ϝޠ֩ᜳȂดࡤ؛ۢࡸ௩ڐϜޠ྆܉пІၦ ଊȇ೾ள೼࢑Ӷ׈ԚΠःفޠ๗፤ȂկѠ૗Ϭሰ्

ଭᄈ੬ۢۧґ၍؛ޠୱᚡໍ՘ϊ೤ዂޠཫ൷Ȃܗ࢑ ൷׳Ѡ૗ԥֆܼ๗፤ޠུޠяޏࠣȂпጃᇰ࢑֐ԥ Ѡ૗ኈ៫ःفޠឋᚡя౫(Ellis & Merete, 1997)Ȅ

Ґःفᐍ౪ Choo ๊΢(2000) ЩၷޤᜌϏձ޲ᄈ Нᝧᇅᆪၰၦྜޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐ޠःفȂٯђп၅ щᇅ።ᐍȂ๗ݏԄߓ 1Ȉ ߓ 1! ޤᜌϏձ޲ᄈܼНᝧȃᆪၰޠၦྜ൷ؒ՘࣐੬ᘉЩၷߓȞঔ׾Ս Choo et al., 2000ȟ ੬ኊ ੬ܓ Ellis ጃᇰԥᑺ፹ޠၦଊٿྜ ໡ۗ Choo ጃᇰԥᑺ፹ޠၦଊϟକۗॳ८Іᆪય Ellis ௄ܛᔯூၦਠޠЖН໡ۗໍ՘ཫ൷ ഀ๗ Choo କۗᆪॳܗڐуᆪॳޠഀ๗໡ۗໍ՘ཫ൷ Ellis ௮ඣ෉ёޠҭᓄܗлᚡߓ๊๊ ᘳ៕ Choo ௮ඣҭᓄܗᆪયӵშ๊Ᏻ៕ᆪॳ Ellis ᒲրၦଊٿྜޠ२्ܓϸ઼Ȃໍ՘ႇᘯІԇڦ ᒲր Choo قಜϾӵ௄ᆪયαණڦуউདᑺ፹ޠၦଊ Ellis ۢ෉ݨཏᒶᐆٿྜޠൣ֚ᇅᄣ् ᆀࣽ Choo २ུആ೥ൊནޠᆪયȂܗ࢑ւң௱ክȃх౪โԓ๊РԓȂᆀུࣽޠᆪયϲৡ Ellis ԥقಜӵ௄׳ژޠၦྜϜᒶᐆᇅୱᚡࣻᜱޠၦଊ ණڦ Choo Ӷ׳ژޠᆪયϜȂԥقಜӵཫ൷ୱᚡܗᑺ፹ࣻᜱޠᆪॳ ࢦਰ Ellis ւңዀྦܗ׭ѾٻܛூၦଊϹᚡȃᄃңᇅҔጃ ๗؃ Ellis ൷࢛ؒঐлᚡܗॏฬޠၦଊ๗؃ਣ੬ԥޠ՘࣐

ᶇἄ⥑⤺⎞くӼ

ҐНޠϸݚၦਠٿՍܼᄈΡΫ՞ഌဤੀٻң޲ޠ ౐࡚೥ፚȂٯйւңࠊख़ޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐౪፤೪ॏ ೥ፚτᆫпІໍ՘๗ݏϸݚȂוగ૗஋Π၍Κૢഌ ဤੀٻң޲Ӷഌဤੀα൷ؒࣻᜱၦଊޠ੬ኊȄҦܼ וగᄈΚૢٻң޲ޠഌဤੀٻң௒םໍ՘௥ଇȂӱ ԫٲӒٯґ೪ۢ੬ۢఋထȂՅ࢑௵ңҴཏܫኻޠР ԓȂᒶᐆစளܓٻңഌဤੀܗ෇စٻңഌဤੀໍ՘ ၦଊ൷ؒޠٻң޲ໍ՘೥ፚȄΡΫ՞ڨ೥޲Ϝԥϳ ՞࣐ःف޲ޠᒒ΢ᇅ݊ЅȂѫѵޠΫѳ՞ࠍ௵ᅍഢ ౩ԓȂഇႇ೼ං՞ᒒ΢݊ЅޠЖϮȂ൷׳ᎍӬໍ՘ ೥ፚޠᄈຬ(ஆҐၦਠ୥ُߓ 2)ȄΡΫ՞ڨ೥޲ޠ೥ ፚ෉໣ְӶ 2007 ԒѳУՎϥУȂഇႇ࿌८೥ፚህп ߩҔԓޠ໤ፚȂڦூڨ೥޲Ӥཏࡤໍ՘ӓโޠᓄॲȂ ؑԪ೥ፚਣ໣ङӶΫΥϸយژљঐϊਣϟ໣ϛ๊Ȅ ೥ፚτᆫєࢃڨ೥޲ஆҐၦਠȃ҂ਣᑺ፹๊። ࢦȂпІуউӶഌဤੀαޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐ȂᙥҦڨ ೥޲ޠӲᏺᇅึདྷȂ२࡛ٻңഌဤੀਣөᆎၦଊ ൷ؒ՘࣐я౫ޠ௒ძ૖๝ȂٯйΠ၍ᄈܼٻң޲Ӷ ϛӤཏဏޠഌဤੀαѠ૗ཽ౱ҢޠϛӤٻңРԓȄ Ӷःف४ښР८Ȃڨ४ܼःف޲ޠ΢૖ȂпІା ឮഌဤੀٻң޲ޠኻҐၷᜳпڦூȂҐНޠڨ೥޲ τӼ࣐ 20~30 ྒޠԒሇఋထȂйӼљ࣐ڨႇା๊ఁ يȞڨႇτᏱпαఁيܗҔӶ൸Ᏹȟ޲ȂӱԫҐः فޠ๗ݏณݳోᇑϛӤ໧઼ഌဤੀٻң޲ޠစᡜȇ ѫΚР८ȂҐःفηณݳхߓȶାఁيโ࡚ȷޠഌ ဤੀٻң޲ޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐Ȃ౴ഥఁيโ࡚ᄈܼഌ ဤੀαޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐࢑֐ԥኈ៫ȃԄեആԚኈ ៫ȂпІାఁيโ࡚޲ޠഌဤੀٻң՘࣐࢑֐઎ޠ ੬ੇژ٘஋ᇅϜȃմఁيโ࡚ޠഌဤੀٻң޲ໍ՘

ୣႥȂഎ࢑ѠпໍΚؐ௥સܗ፵ᅹޠȂٯϛ࢑Κঐ ϊ೤ዂ፵Ͼःفܛ૗Ӳ๏ޠୱᚡȄҐНޠःف२ᘉ Ӷܼ௥ଇഌဤੀޠ੬ܓᄈܼٻң޲ޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐ ࢑֐౱Ңኈ៫ȂпІ౱Ңեᆎኈ៫Ȃӱԫःف๗ݏ ஡Ӷܼ৥౫ഌဤੀαޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐ᇅڐу൭ᡞޠ ৰ౵ܓȄ ߓ 2! Ґःفޠڨ೥޲ஆҐၦਠ хဵ ܓր Ԓឮ ᙜཿ ᑺ፹ 1 A ع 26 ၦଊϏโ৲ ᝲ౩ȃኢ౩ȃႬဟȃWii 2 B υ 26 MIS ތύȃਢၾȃឹኈ 3 C ع 33 MIS ᝲ౩ȃތύȃേ଩ 4 D ع 23 ःفҢ ᝲ౩ȃαᆪȃॲ዆ȃᚪٚ༅ਦ 5 E υ 27 ःفҢ ႬኈȃαᆪȃᅟฬȃᎨ᠟ȃᎵᒦ 6 F υ 25 ᆪၰ՘᎜Ӎდ जॶȃଇ፤ٲ௒ 7 G ع 28 ःفҢ ਢၾȃαᆪȃᝲ౩ 8 H υ 26 ःفҢ ਢၾȃౙ໻ 9 I υ 26 ॏฬ஠Ӊֆ౪ ਢၾȃᇅ΢ྜྷ೾ȃज೛೪ॏ 10 J υ 20 τᏱᏱҢ ႬኈȃᎨ᠟ȃαᆪ 11 K ع 25 τᏱᏱҢ Ⴌኈȃॲ዆ȃ҉౩ȃਢၾ 12 L υ 25 ഁॶۺۺߞ Ⴌኈȃαᆪ 13 M υ 24 ःفҢ Ⴌኈȃౙ໻ȃਢၾȃᎵᒦ 14 N υ 23 ःفҢ जॶȃᎨ᠟ȃαᆪ 15 O υ 25 ឍᄇ Ⴌኈȃॲ዆ȃ୯ᅉ 16 P υ 25 Լೳཿϵᜱ ਢၾȃαᆪȃᎨ᠟ 17 Q ع 26 ःفҢ αᆪȃਢၾȃႬဟ 18 R υ 24 ᚃᏱजৡៗ౪৲ αᆪȃਢၾȃഊຘ 19 S υ 26 яޏަᙜস αᆪȃਢၾ 20 T ع 25 آٚ᎜୶স آٚȃਢၾȃႬဟ

ᶇἄ⃌ኞ

Ґःفп Ellis ๊΢ܛ࡛ឋޠၦଊ൷ؒ੬ኊձ࣐࢝ ᄻȂଭᄈഌဤੀαޠၦଊٻң՘࣐ђпᘫ᜹ϸݚȄ ӶؑΚঐ੬ኊϜȂ஡Ӓп೥ፚ๗ݏၐಡϸݚഌဤੀ αޠөঐၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐Ȅϸݚ๗ݏІܛЖңޠНԆ ٿՍܼөڨ೥޲ޠ೥ፚϲৡȂНҒޠࢃ܀ϲߓұڨ ೥޲Ӷߓ 2 αޠхဵпІᄣᓄޠ೥ፚጉॳ኶ᇅ՘ ኶Ȅ௦຀ᘫાഌဤੀαޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐Ȃٯйᇅޤᜌ Ϗձ޲ӶᏱ೛ःفᕘძϜ(Ellis, 1989; Ellis et al, 1993; Ellis & Merete, 1997)пІᆪၰα(Choo et al, 2000)ޠ ၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐ࣻЩၷȂ๗ݏ֖౫Ӷߓ 3 ژߓ 10Ȅ

⿭আ

ഌဤੀٻң޲໡ۗᎨ᠟ΚঐӓུޠഌဤੀȂକྜ ܼөᆎϛӤޠሰؒᇅ୞ᐡȂࣦՎٿՍܼ࢛Ԫޠȶၦ

ଊୌႅȷ(Erdelez, 1997)ȄӶԥ੬ۢሰؒՅл୞൷ؒ ഌဤੀαޠၦଊਣȂҦܼഌဤੀܛණٽޠၦଊϲৡ ᇅᏱ೛፤НϛӤȂᏱ೛Ϗձ޲Ӽљ࢑וగ׳ژҭዀ ስ஀ޠл्྆܉ܗ࢑२्ःفޠࣻᜱၦଊȂดՅڨ ೥޲Ꭸ᠟ഌဤੀޠሰؒȂӶᇰޤቺ८αȂӼљ࣐൷ ؒڏറȶঐ΢စᡜȷ(P, p5.15~19)ȃȶӼϰȷ(M, p5.35~38~p6.1)ȃȶ౐Τȷ(B, p1.9~12)йȶ֊ਣ؂ུȷ (K, p1.4~6)੬ܓޠၦଊȄЩРᇴȂڨ೥޲ B Ӷඣख़ ़ਹਾ߇ϟਢޠॏฬਣȂණژഌဤࡋӶഌဤੀαණ ٽΠ౐࡚ඣख़ޠᒒٙਢၾစᡜȂӱԫѠпණٽၷ࣐ ಡᑷޠၦଊ(B, p1.9~12)ȄӶ௒དቺ८αȂཫ൷ഌဤ ੀѠпቩђȶҢࣁ዆፹ȷ(L, p1.6~8)ᇅȶ௒དᖓᛯȷȂ ڨ೥޲ D అख़Πԥᜱ௒དᆱᛯޠདྷݳȈ ӱ࣐שញூ൸࢑౫Ӷ΢ਣ໣എЩၷЎ ୮ȂᗚԥΚٳ݊ЅѠ૗҂ளϛ࢑٦ቅዤޠ ΢ȂดࡤղηϛѠ૗ءٲ҉ႬၘџȂ൸ୱу ᇴղ౫ӶึҢϨቅٲ௒ȌȌϛѠ૗ᄈؑঐ ΢എ࢑೼ঐኻφȂѠ࢑ؑঐ΢уѠ૗ཽӶՍ ϐޠഌဤੀቹαᇴуϭЉึҢΠϨቅٲȂܗ ޲࢑у࿧ژϨቅԥ፹ޠٲ௒Ȃดࡤу҂ளѠ ૗ηϛཽ੬ր׳Κঐ݊ЅџᗀȂดࡤуѠ૗ ཽՍϐଅίٿȂดࡤשউ൸Ѡп.ഇႇࣽژ ೼ٳуଅίٿޠݎ՚Ȃดࡤџึ౫ژуഷߗ ึҢ঻ٳٲ௒೼ኻφ(D, p1.17~23)Ȅ ഌဤੀٻң޲ளп΢ርᆔၿڸႬဟཫ൷ձ࣐ໍ ΤഌဤੀޠᆔၿȂ೼ᘉڸᏱ೛Ϗձ޲থ໡ۗໍΤΚ ঐःفлᚡޠ௒ݸ࡟᜹ծȄЩၷ੬րޠ࢑Ȃӱ࣐Ѡ пΚԪЩၷӼᆎᆪၰၦଊȂτഌϸڨ೥޲ൊནւң Τπᆪયණٽޠཫ൷ЖᔞᔯસഌဤੀȄЩРᇴȂڨ ೥޲ O ߰ࡿяȂԃӶཫ൷ၦਠਣɆഎཽӒα google ܗ yahoo ҉ᜱᗥԆཫ൷Ȃดࡤѻཽя౫඾೾ޠᆪ ॳၮഌဤੀȂ٦൸ԥڎᆎϛӤޠၦଊѠпࣽɇ(O, p1.29~30)ȄկηԥЎഌϸڨ೥޲ᇰ࣐Τπᆪયཫ ൷ޠ๗ݏѠ૗ڨژ୧ཿΩ໕ᐈךȂ჌࢑ڨ೥޲ F ึ౫Ɇң yahoo ཫ൷Ȃԥਣ঑ѻޠ௷ӫཽڨژу উ࢑֐рຳޠኈ៫ɇ(F, p3.18~20)ȂӱԫӶཫ൷ഌ ဤੀၦଊਣȂЩၷൊནٻң BSP ණٽޠϲഌཫ൷ ЖᔞȄ ᗷดഌဤੀ࢑пᆪၰ༉ክ࣐ஆᙄȂկҦܼഌဤੀ ޠٻңϑစഃᅛᒋΤСளҢࣁϜȂٻң޲Ӷጤαᇅ ጤίޠҢࣁϑစϛѠϸഹȂᇅөᆎ༉ಜ൭ᡞȂԄൣ തᚖᇭ(B, p2.20)ȃུᆹ൭ᡞ(F, p1.33~38)๊Ȃη౱Ң ஞϹޠᜱ߾ȂӱԫூޤΚঐུޠഌဤੀϑစϛ༊Ц ܼ௄ഌဤੀҐٙܗڐуޠᆪၰ༉ክ൭ᡞȂՅԥࣻ࿌ ӼϰޠໍΤРԓȄ ႇџޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐ၷЎଭᄈၦଊୌႅޠ౫ຬђ п௥ଇȂӶҐःفϜȂഌဤੀαޠၦଊୌႅစᡜࠍ ࢑ளೞڨ೥޲ܛණІޠ໡ۗ੬ኊȂڐϜ BSP ॷॳණ ٽ࢛ٳഌဤੀࣻᜱޠȶშ჌ၦਠȷȂԄᅟฬܗྲб ๊ȂѠп֝Жٻң޲ޠݨཏȂ܂܂Ԛ࣐ցᘟ࢑֐໡ ۗᎨ᠟೼ٳഌဤੀޠዀྦȂڨ೥޲ M ߰ԥ᜹ծޠ စᡜȈ ӱ࣐ѻॷॳԥਣ঑ཽϸ᜹კȂཽϸ᜹Ϩቅ जॶ୮ϨቅϨቅȂดࡤѻԥଳφԥΚঐڋφ ޠȂดࡤשញூѻॷॳ٦଺ڋφޠྲбᗚᅗ Ԃ઱ޠȂܛпש൸ཽᘉໍџࣽȂᄈȂӱ࣐ש উ्ң sina ϟࠊȂשউ҇໹џॷॳีΤȂ٦ ԥਣ঑ѻཽԥΚٳშбȂࣽژញூ࡟Ԃ઱ש ൸ཽᘉᘉࣽ(M, p3.33~34)Ȅ ѫѵȂഇႇڐуഌဤੀޠഀ๗η࢑ڨ೥޲໡ۗᎨ ᠟ΚঐུഌဤੀޠРԓȂٯйୌՅཽٵڨژၦଊୌ ႅޠ዆፹ȇ჌࢑ڨ೥޲ P စҦڐуഌဤੀܛ೪ۢޠ ԂЅӫ൑ϜȂึ౫ژȶܽᆌυл୯ȷޠഌဤੀഀ๗Ȃ ໍՅ໡ۗໍ՘Ꭸ᠟(P, p3.12~13)ȇڨ೥޲ D ࠍ࢑ᙥҦ ݊ЅഌဤੀޠԂЅӫ൑Ϝึ౫ڐу೩εґഀ๝ޠ݊ ЅޠഌဤੀȂηԥ݊Ѕ෇ւң೼ᆎРԓ׳ژуޠഌ ဤੀȈ ௄೼ঐഌဤੀуޠԂЅӫ൑၈८ղཽึ౫ ژѫѵΚঐӤᏱޠഌဤੀȂѠ࢑٦ঐӤᏱу ϟࠊءԥ֚ຨႇղȂуη࢑ԥഌဤੀޠȂѠ ࢑ש൸࢑ᙥҦשᇰᜌޠ೼ঐ݊Ѕޠഌဤੀഀ ژѫѵΚঐڐу݊ЅޠഌဤੀȂดࡤ჌שԥ ࡟Ӽשпࠊ჌୾Ϝ୾ϊޠӤᏱȂуউ൸࢑ཽ ഇႇڐу΢ޠഌဤੀȂดࡤ൸ऐดึ౫ژȂ ΉȊשηԥഌဤੀȂดࡤ൸ԥѠ૗൸೼ኻഀ ๗କٿ(D, p2.8~12)Ȅ

ߓ 3! ໡ۗ੬ኊЩၷߓ ໡ۗ୞ᐡ ໡ۗРԓ ҭޠܓ (1) ڦூঐ΢စᡜȃӼϰй౐Τٯڏԥ֊ ਣ؂ུޠၦଊ (2) ቩђҢࣁ዆፹ᇅܺᚭЗ௒ (3) ௒དᖓᛯ (1) ΢ርᆔၿ (2) ཫ൷Жᔞ (3) ༉ಜ൭ᡞ ഌဤੀ ٻң ၦଊୌႅ (1) შ჌ၦਠޠ֝Ж (2) ΢ርᘘ஼ Ᏹ೛Ϗձ Π၍ҭዀስ஀Ϝޠл्྆܉ܗ࢑२्ःفȂпໍΤȶഷߒ ዤோȷޠ໧ࢳ (1) ΢ር௦ដ (2) ႬဟӲ྘ࣻᜱၦਠ ᆪၰٻң (1) ԥᑺ፹ᆪય (2) Τπᆪય (3) ಣᙒϲᆪય

Ⳑ⃌

ഌဤੀٻң޲ڸᏱ೛Ϗձ޲ΚኻȂໍ՘ȶഀ๗ȷ ޠҭޠഎ࢑࣐Πூژ؂׈ᐍޠၦଊȂڨ೥޲ M ӶᎨ ᠟Κঐӫ࣐ȶࠣکҢࣁ GRACEȷޠഌဤੀਣ߰ԥ೼ ኻޠစᡜȈ у(ഌဤࡋ)ԥਣ঑ཽӭႇΚ໣ګ୬ᓣȂѠ૗ ࢑௄ր΢ޠഌဤੀαࣽژ೼໣ۺуџӭޠȂ у൸ཽቹΚঐ۾իᎨ᠟Ȃ൸࢑࢛ঐ΢ޠစ ᡜȂดࡤуཽᅿ໕џױуཫ൷ژޠၦଊђӶ ί८Ȃу൸ཽቹΚঐ۾իᎨ᠟Ȅܛпԥਣ ঑ȌȌڐᄃτঢ়എཽױղޤၿޠݎ՚ᅿ໕ᐍ ౪ژНത၈८ȌȌ൸࢑ᅿѠ૗ණٽΚঐ׈ᐍ ޠၦଊ(M, p3.5~7)Ȅ שউѠп஡ഌဤੀᆔ౪قಜණٽޠഀ๗ѓ૗Ȃٸ ྲܛӶޠ՞ဋȂ஡ٻң޲ޠഀ๗՘࣐ୣϸ࣐Ȉ(1) ٻ ңഌဤੀϲНЖңڐуНതޠഀ๗Ȃ(2) ٻңڐу᠟ ޲ܗഌဤࡋҐٙӶӲᔗȃ੽ّޏϜЖңޠഀ๗Ȃ(3) ٻңӱНതೞڐуഌဤੀНതЖңՅ౱ҢޠӲ྘ഀ ๗Ȃ(4) ٻңഌဤࡋԂЅӫ൑ޠഀ๗๊ѳᆎРԓȄڨ ೥޲ O ࡿяȂӶϛӤޠ௒ძϟίȂཽһ෈ٻңөᆎ ϛӤޠഀ๗РԓȂп؂ᆡጃӵڦூདྷ्ޠၦଊȈ ЩԄᇴདྷ्׳ᓢᢉၮ୧ࠣޠၦଊȂשᚕ໡ ഌဤੀϟࡤȂԄݏԥᑺ፹שཽӕ҉থথࣽژ ޠᜱᗥԆཫ൷ȂดࡤԄݏր΢ԥӲНޠၘȂ уԥණٽཏُȂשηཽᘉژуޠᆪ֮ࣽȇկ ԄݏשདྷΠ၍ޠ࢑೼ঐ΢ޠҢࣁȃ೼ঐ΢ޠ ᙜཿȂЩԄᇴឍᄇȂ٦שཽ௄уޠԂЅഀ๗ џഀ๗Ȃӱ࣐എ࢑ӤΚထᙜཿޠ΢Ȅ൸࢑ϛ ӤޠቺԪ೼ኻȂӱ࣐ԥϸ୧ࠣၦଊၮᙜཿ೼ ኻϛӤޠ(O, p2.23~26)Ȅ ؂౐ΤٿࣽȂӲ྘ഀ๗Ѡпຝ࣐Κᆎഌဤੀٻң α੬ԥޠȶӪࠊഀ๗ȷȇᗷด೼࢑ഌဤੀഷளೞණІ ޠུѓ૗ȂկၷЎڨ೥޲ණІ෇ԥٻң೼ঐѓ૗ޠ စᡜȄڨ೥޲τӼᇰ࣐Ӷഌဤੀαܛ्൷׳ޠၦଊ ܂܂ၷ୒ӪҢࣁϾȂܗ࢑ഌဤੀહᆟ࣐ঐ΢စᡜᇅ དڨޠ׶ึ(D, p2.35~36)ȇ൷׳ژޠഌဤੀၦଊ፵໕ ᇅᆡጃ࡚ϛሰ჌Ᏹ೛Ϗձܛ्ؒΚኻޠᝓᙲȄࣦ ՎȂഌϸڨ೥޲ᇰ࣐Жңу΢ഌဤੀНതޠഌဤੀ ϲৡ܂܂࢑Κᆑွ(L, p3.5~6)ȂЖңޠഌဤੀη೾ள Щ঩ӒޠНത҂δ(A, p2.24~25)Ȃӱԫϛሰ੬ཏٻң Ӳ྘ഀ๗ޠѓ૗Ȅ ഷࡤȂၷ੬րޠ࢑ഌဤࡋ܂܂ཽւңՍϐഌဤੀ ϜޠԂЅӫ൑ѓ૗Ȃ୉࣐ΚᆎᆪॳਫᡇȂᓾԇՍϐ စளᎨ᠟ޠഌဤੀܗ࢑ᒒ݊ԂЅޠഌဤੀȄҔԄӶ ໡ۗ੬ኊϜ෇ණژޠȂ೩Ӽٻң޲ཽւңڐу΢ഌ ဤੀαޠԂЅӫ൑Ȃഀ๗ژུޠഌဤੀȂڦூԥᑺ ፹ޠၦଊܗᆱᛯ݊Ѕ໣ޠ௒ད(D, p2.8~12)ȄЩР ᇴൊԂ཯ᅍॲ዆ޠڨ೥޲ K(p2.1~3)пІൊԂ೪ॏ ޠڨ೥޲ D(p2.17~18)߰എ෇ϸրӶڐуഌဤੀα ޠԂЅӫ൑ϜȂึ౫уউདᑺ፹ޠུഌဤੀഀ๗Ȅ

ߓ 4! ഀ๗੬ኊЩၷߓ ϸ᜹ Рԓ ഀ๗Рԓ (1) ഌဤੀϲНϜޠഀ๗ (2) Ӳᔗȃ੽ّޏϜޠഀ๗ (3) ӱНതೞڐуഌဤੀНതЖңܛ౱ҢޠӲ྘ഀ๗ ഌဤੀ ٻң ഀ๗ޠܛӶ՞ဋ (4) ԂЅӫ൑Ϝޠഀ๗ Ᏹ೛Ϗձ Ӫࠊഀ๗ȃӪࡤഀ๗ ਴ᐄЖНસЖၦਠ৳ໍ՘ȶӪࠊഀ๗ȷȂܗ࢑௄୥ՄНᝧϜໍ՘ ȶӪࡤഀ๗ȷ ᆪၰٻң пକۗᆪॳܗڐуᆪॳձ࣐ᗤᘉȂٿӲഀ๗

ᡕ⤍

ٻң޲ӶഌဤੀϜໍ՘ȶᘳ៕ȷޠҭޠ࢑དྷ्൷ ؒໍΚؐԥᑺ፹ޠၦଊȂӶ೼Р८ҐःفڸᏱ೛Ϗ ձ޲пІᆪၰٻң޲൷ؒ՘࣐ޠདྷݳ᜹ծȄٸᐄҐ Ԫޠڨ೥ϲৡȂٻң޲Ӷഌဤੀαᘳ៕ޠቺԪτय Ѡϸ࣐ BSP ॷॳȃ൑ΚഌဤੀпІ൑጖НതȄӶ BSP ॷॳαȂڨ೥޲л्ᘳ៕ BSP ܛණٽޠȶዦߟഌဤ ੀ௷՘ȷ(P, p2.18)ȃȶഌဤੀϸ᜹ȷ(H, p2.36)ȂпІ ȶഌဤੀႲ៕შȷ(L, p3.13)Ȅ࿌ໍΤ൑Κഌဤੀܗ ࢑Ꭸ᠟൑጖НതਣȂτഌϸޠڨ೥޲ߓұӼЎഎཽ ژᘳ៕ॳ८αޠؑঐ໷ҭџ (R, p.2.10~12)ȄՅйࣻ ၷܼᘳ៕ΚૢᆪયਣȂӼљ҇໹ٸᎭᆪયӵშࣦܗ ՍשᄦસޠРԓȂڨ೥޲ߓұഌဤੀᆪॳαޠؑঐ ໷ҭ໣ϸႥߩளఽྀȂӶഌဤੀαޠᘳ៕ၷ࣐Р߰ йఽྀ݃ᕤ(T, p2.1~3)Ȅ ߓ 5! ᘳ៕੬ኊЩၷߓ ᘳ៕୞ᐡ ᘳ៕໷ҭ BSP ॷॳ ഌဤੀϸ᜹ȃ௷՘ȃშб ൑Κഌဤੀ Нതϸ᜹ȃਣ໣ཋᐍȃНതႲ៕ȃձ޲ॐᎨ ᇅᙐϮȃშб ഌဤੀ ٻң ᄈԥᑺ፹ޠስ஀ໍ՘ߩҭዀ ܓޠཫ൷ ൑጖Нത ዀᚡȃϲНІშбȃึߓਣ໣ȃӲᔗ Ᏹ೛Ϗձ ᄈܼѠ૗ԥᑺ፹ޠስ஀ໍ՘ ၦଊ൷ؒпȶߴࡼޤᐏȷ ௮ඣ෉ёȃҭᓄȃᄣ्๊ܛԥޠяޏࠣпІႬဟཫ൷ޠ๗ݏ ᆪၰٻң ཫ൷೼ٳᆪયϜུޠܗ࢑ԥ ᑺ፹ޠϲৡ ௮ඣॷॳȃዀᚡڸᆪયӵშ

ⲅӲ

ഌဤੀٻң޲஡ഌဤੀϸ઼ٿႇᘯၦଊٯցᘟഌ ဤੀ࢑֐ಓӬሰؒȄӼ՞ڨ೥޲ߓұཽпȶ࿌ਣ௒ ძȷȃȶၦଊ᜹࠯ȷпІȶ൭ᡞםԓȷ๊୉࣐ໍ՘ഌ ဤੀޠᒲրȄپԄȂڨ೥޲ F ߓұȈ ԄݏϭЉשѬ࢑໤ٿณٲȂ٦שΚۢ࢑Ӓ џשഷளџޠංঐഌဤੀȂ٦ӱ࣐࡟ளџȂ ܛпשΚۢ࢑௄ഷུޠ໡ۗࣽȂӱ࣐ႇџޠ НതשഎࣽႇΠȂ٦ԄݏᇴϭЉש࢑ԥ੬ր དྷ׳ޠȂש൸࢑्׳ఐα्ӭϨቅޠၘȂש ൸ཽ௄ϸ᜹໡ۗ׳ȌȌש൸ཽ௄уӗяٿޠ ංঐϸ᜹ϜӒᒶΚঐϸ᜹ȌȌདྷᇴԂȂϭЉ שདྷӭСԓޠȂดࡤשӶࡹСԓޠϸ᜹Ȃด ࡤංΫ጖НതȂࣽ঻ঐዀᚡ֝ЖשȂשϘཽ ᘉໍџࣽ(F, p4.4~9)Ȅ

਴ᐄ೥ፚၦਠȂѠпᘫાяϥঐၷளُޠᒲրዀ ྦȂєࢃȈ(1)лᚡ࢑֐ಓӬ᠟޲ޠሰؒᇅᑺ፹(I, p2.17~18)ȇ(2)Нതਣਞܓ(P, p3.35~37)ȇ(3)ഌဤੀ ޠѵᢏܗϲৡॴੀ(M, p.2.8~10)ȇ(4)Ꭸ᠟๳ᎍܓ(D, p3.20~21)пІ(5)ϲৡѠ࡚߭(O, p.4.9~10)๊ȄڐϜ Щၷ੬ੇޠᒲրዀྦ࢑ȶѵᢏܗϲৡॴੀȷȃȶᎨ᠟ ๳ᎍܓȷпІȶϲৡѠ࡚߭ȷȂᇴ݃ԄίȈ ഌဤੀ࢑ࣻ࿌૗஋ߓ౫Սשॴੀޠ൭ᡞȂϛ༊ഌ ဤࡋளп੬ր೪ॏޠѵᢏпІϲৡ֝Ж᠟޲Ꭸ᠟Ȃ ᠟޲ηཽ௄ഌဤੀޠѵᢏᇅϲৡॴੀ୉࣐ᒲրޠዀ ྦȄڨ೥޲ M ߓұഌဤੀޠϲৡॴੀ࢑ኈ៫ԃ࢑֐ Ꭸ᠟ޠ঩ӱϟΚȂԄݏഌဤࡋᇅԃᄈӤΚঢ়ᓢᢉԥ ߗծޠຠቌȂཽ߰དژɆשউѠ૗Ӷ࢛Р८࢑࡟჌ ޠȂܛпуԥུޠНത൸ཽᡘ౫яٿȂש൸ཽџࣽɇ (M, p.2.8~10)Ȅڨ೥޲ P ࠍߓұΚٳԪНϾᇮّȂپ ԄݨॲНܗЭ࢒НȂཽٻூуӶᎨ᠟ਣདژϛ๳ ݉Ȃӱԫϛཽ᝸៊Ꭸ᠟(P, p3.3~5)ȄଷΠ௄хߓ၏ഌ ဤੀ΢੊ࡿ኶ޠᘉᎨІӲᔗԪ኶(O, p.4.9~10)ຠզ ഌဤੀޠѠ࡚߭ϟѵȂڨ೥޲ηཽ਴ᐄޏ८ޠѵᢏ ڸНത࢑֐ڏԥኅ֚ཏکȂᒲր၏ഌဤੀޠϲৡѠ ࡚߭ȄЩРᇴȂڨ೥޲ P ߓұɆѻޠॳ८ᄃӶ࢑Ћ ๽ᝌΠȂϛ࢑Κૢ΢Ѡп୉ژޠȂܗ࢑དញ჌ኅ֚ Нɇ(P, p5.21~22)Ȃܛп߰ϛཽࣻ߭೼ঐഌဤੀޠϲ ৡȂࣦՎϛЋདྷџࣽѻȄ ߓ 6! ᒲր੬ኊЩၷߓ ᒲր୞ᐡ ᒲրዀྦ ഌဤੀ ٻң (1) ሰؒᇅᑺ፹ (2) Нതਣਞܓ (3) ѵᢏܗϲৡॴੀ (4) Ꭸ᠟๳ᎍܓ (5) ϲৡѠ࡚߭ Ᏹ೛Ϗձ ٸྲၦଊٿྜޠ२्ܓϸ઼пໍ՘ ႇᘯ (1) ੬ۢܗ੬ੇޠлᚡ (2) ަཽऌᏱᏱߟϜϛӤᏱࣃޠڦӪܗᢏᘉ (3) ੬ۢስ஀Ϝ෉ёޠ੬ܓ

Ჶ᳖

࣐Πߴࡼ੬ۢၦଊٿྜޠഷུ௒םȂഌဤੀٻң ޲ڸޤᜌϏձ޲ΚኻȂཽໍ՘ȶᆀࣽȷȂӼљޠڨ೥ ޲ߓұȂҦܼᑺ፹ᇅᆱᛯ௒དޠጣࢉȂཽࡼ៊ݨཏ Սϐൊ᠎ޠഌဤੀпІᒒЅޠഌဤੀ(H, p4.7~9; S, p4.12)Ȃആ೥೼ٳഌဤੀޠᓝ౦ࠍཽӱᑺ፹пІᜱЗ โ࡚ՅԥܛϛӤ(T, p5.3~5)Ȅ ᠟޲ӶᎨ᠟ഌဤੀਣȂѠпڸΚૢᆪॳΚኻȂ஡ စளആ೥ޠഌဤੀᓾԇӶᆪॳਫᡇ၈Ȃܗ࢑ޣ௦ଅ ίഌဤੀޠᜱᗥມȂܼ߰Сࡤւңཫ൷ЖᔞᔯસȄ ೩Ӽഌဤੀϲৡᆔ౪قಜٯйڏԥԂЅӫ൑ޠѓ ૗ȂණٽഌဤࡋӶՍϐޠഌဤੀ၈ᓾԇᒒЅܗစள ആ೥ޠഌဤੀၦਠȄԫѵȂഇႇ RSS ReaderȂᡲ᠟ ޲ѠпॐᎨൊནޠഌဤੀȄαख़ޠөᆎРԓഎ෇ೞ ᔗңܼഌဤੀޠᆀࣽαȄٸᐄڨ೥޲ޠ೥ፚϲৡѠ пᘫાяȶᆪॳਫᡇȷ(P, p4.3~4)ȃȶᜱᗥມᔯસȷ (S, p.5.6~8)ȃȶԂЅӫ൑ȷ(R, p5.14)пІȶRSS ॐᎨȷ (A, p.4.7~10; M, p.5.5~7)๊ᆀࣽРԓȄٯйԥڨ೥޲ ߓұȂཽٻңϛӤޠРԓᆀࣽϛӤ᜹࠯ޠഌဤੀȄ ЩРᇴȂڨ೥޲ M ߓұȂԃཽٻң RSS ॐᎨഌဤੀȂ կηཽ஡ԥᑺ፹ޠഌဤੀђΤᆪॳਫᡇ(Microsoft IE ᆏ࣐שޠഷན)ໍ՘ᆀࣽȂڐϜޠୣրӶܼҐٙޠ ȶᑺ፹โ࡚ȷпІഌဤੀޠȶ؂ུഁ࡚ȷȈ ೾ளשޠഷནשܺש઎ޠ࡟ൊ᠎ȌȌӱ࣐ Ѡ૗ѻউ update ޠഁ࡚η࡟ץȂංоؑЉഎ ཽ؂ུȂܛпשؑЉ൸࢑ཽ࡟ಭᄜܓޠџ ࣽȂ٦ RSS ൸࢑ղࣽΠញூᗚϛᓀȂЩԄᇴ ࢛ঢ়ޠᒦηᅗѠནޠȂѠ࢑ηϛཽѠནژؑ ЉղഎཽџࣽȂܗ࢑ᇴѻηءԥ٦ቅள؂ ུȂԥٳ΢Ѡ૗Κঐᙅࡷܗ࢑ڎঐᙅࡷϘܺ ΚٳྲбȂ٦ RSS ࡟Р߰ޠ൸࢑ѻԥึߓղ ӕџࣽ൸ԂΠ(M, p5.12~16)Ȅ

ᄊུޠ RSS ѓ૗ϛ༊ණٽٻң޲ூژུึߓНത ޠ֊ਣ೾ޤȂη૗஋ᄈᆀࣽޠഌဤੀໍ՘ᐍ౪ȇկ ӶҐԪ೥ፚϜτഌϸڨ೥޲ٯءԥණІ೼ঐѓ૗Ȃ Ѡ૗ޠ঩ӱӶܼڨ೥޲ȶϛዤோȷ(H, p4.13~14; L, p4.4; P, p3.38)ࣦՎȶ׈ӓء᠚ႇȷ(O, p5.2)ܗ࢑ᇰ࣐ ȶٻңРԓծоԥᘉፓᚖȷ(J, p3.6~7)Ȅڨ೥޲ B ࠍ ࡿяȂӱ࣐ȶಭᄜȷ஡ൊ᠎ޠᆪયђΤਫᡇȂӱԫ ҭࠊηءԥٻң RSS ޠѓ૗(B, p5.23)ȄࣦՎηԥڨ ೥޲ᇰ࣐Ȃ೩Ӽഌဤੀၦଊٯءԥሰ्֊ਣᎨ᠟ޠ ࡩय़ܓȂӱԫуউٯϛሰ्੬րџᏱಭᇅٻң೼໷ ѓ૗ȄЩРᇴȂҐٙӶၦଊ౱ཿϏձȂ෇စቹႇ RSS ٯΫϸΠ၍ѻޠѓ૗ᇅ੬ܓޠڨ೥޲ C ߰ࡿяȈ RSS २ᘉӶ֊ਣܓȂѻΚԥ؂ུѻ൸ཽ೾ ޤղȂկ࢑ୱᚡӶܼשܛሰ्ޠ೼ঐݎ՚ѻ ࢑ϛ࢑ڏറȌȌ࢑ϛ࢑ڏറ֊ਣܓȂש࢑ϛ ࢑ᄈѻԥ֊ਣޠሰؒȂѠ૗ءԥȂѠ૗שԥ ޫޠਣ঑џࣽȂՅϛ࢑ѻϨቅਣ঑؂ུΠϨ ቅ Ȃ ש ൸ ҇ ໹ џ Ȃ ש ൸ Κ ۢ ् џ ࣽ (C, p4.36~38)Ȅ ߓ 7! ᆀࣽ੬ኊЩၷߓ ᆀࣽ ୞ᐡ ᆀࣽРԓ ঩ӱ שޠഷན (1) ᆪၰٻңಭᄜ (2) ΚԪܓЩၷϛӤ᜹࠯ᆪၰၦଊ (3) Р߰ ٻң ঩ӱ (1) Р߰ (2) ՍดՅด ԂЅӫ൑ ϛٻң ঩ӱ (1) BSP ޠ४ښ (2) ᚗӪഀ๗ (3) ᗵ௾ܓ ٻң ঩ӱ Р߰ RSS ॐᎨ ϛٻң ঩ӱ (1) ϛዤோ (2) ٻңಭᄜ (3) ณ֊ਣሰؒ ഌဤੀ ٻң ᄈܼᑺ፹ഌဤ ੀϜུቩၦଊ ޠࡼ៊Π၍ ᜱᗥԆ (1) ϛጃۢ࢑֐ԥᑺ፹ (2) ᆀࣽޠഌဤੀ኶໕ϑ࡟Ӽ Ᏹ೛Ϗձ ᄈܼΚঐስ஀ ޠึ৥Іུ׭ ೛ߴࡼޤᐏ ᇅڏԥًԂᖑ៘ޠऌᏱঢ়ܗᏱ޲ ӬձᇅᄈၘȂೞຝ࣐ഷԥਞ౦ޠ Рԓ ᆪၰٻң пᆪॳਫᡇܗଅᏺଅᓄ URL ՞֮

ဏח

ȶණڦȷ࢑௄ၦଊٿྜϜ஡౫Ӷܗґٿԥңޠၦ ਠߴԇକٿȂܼ߰ٻңȄഌဤੀޠ᠟޲ཽ௄Ꭸ᠟ႇ ޠഌဤੀНത၈Ȃٸᐄᒲրޠዀྦᒶڦяሰ्ޠϲ ৡٯໍ՘ᓾԇȄดՅҐԪ೥ፚϜȂηԥഌϸڨ೥޲ ߓұഌဤੀޠϲৡၷ࣐ҢࣁϾȂՅй᜹ծޠၦଊ࡟ ӼȂӱԫᎨ᠟ࡤϛሰ्ණڦȄЩРᇴȂڨ೥޲ T ߓ ұɆࣽഌဤੀޠਣ঑എ࢑Ӷ׳ΚٳҢࣁၦଊȂԂ჌ ԥᘉ२्ȂկέءԥژΚ्ۢԇକٿޠโ࡚ɇ(T, p6.2~4)Ȅ կηԥڨ೥޲ஆܼ኶՞ၦྜȶৡܿࢻѷȷ(G, p4.20) ᇅȶР߰ڦңȷ(E, p4.24~26)๊౪ҦȂ෇ԥණڦഌဤ ੀНതޠစᡜȄڨ೥޲τӼւңႬဟٿђпᓾԇ೼ ٳϲৡȂ჌࢑ȶፓᇨຯαȷ(copy-and-paste)ژڐу

НӈϜ(P, p6.28; O, p5.20~21)ȃ஡ԥᑺ፹ޠഌဤੀН തޠҘεഀ๗ȶፓᇨژ਺८ȷ(D, p.5.9~14)ȃȶӗӠ яિҐȷ(F, p7.15)Ȃܗ࢑ւң Evernote(G, p.5.26~29) ᇅȶަཽܓਫᡇȷ(social bookmarks)๊ၦଊᆔ౪Ϗڏ ໍ՘ණڦȈ שউளளཽࣽژΚٳ࡟ԂޠНതȂѠ࢑࿌ ש࢛Ԓࡤདྷକਣשࠔ׳ϛژѻΠȂѠ࢑౫Ӷ HEMIDEMI ޠя౫ѻԥᘉ჌࢑ȌȌשޠഷ ནȂᄈȂղޣ௦ױѻԞᓄϟѵȂղѠпՍϐ ॐዀᚡȂղѠпՍϐॐΚࢳ೼጖Нതղញூ ഷ२्ޠၘȂดࡤԞᓄӶՍϐޠவဵ၈८Ȃ ดࡤᗚԥђΚٳዀᡇȂܛпϟࡤϛᆔसϔԒ ࡤȂשѬ्ӶשԞᙡޠਫᡇ၈८Ȃשऐดདྷ ژ࢛࢛Ԓޠਣ঑Ԃ჌ԥя AC Ѽᅮීޠ࢛ ࢳ Ԟ ຝ ౦ Ȃ ӱ ࣐ ש Κ ۢ ϛ ཽ ଅ ூ ٦ ঐ ኶ ԆȂѠ࢑Ѭ्שѬ्҉ AC Ѽᅮී೼ঐዀ ᡇȂ൸ཽױשܛ෇စԞᓄޠȂᜱܼ AC Ѽ ᅮීޠݎ՚ӓഌѪяٿȂ٦ש൸Ѡп࡟ৡ ܿޠ׳ژשႇџԥӠຬޠ٦጖Нത࢑Ϩቅ (F, p6.14~22)Ȅ ԫѵȂҐःفηึ౫Ȃ֊߰ഌဤੀ࢑п኶՞םԓ ֖౫ޠᆪၰ൭ᡞȂկϬԥഌϸڨ೥޲ᒶᐆٻң༉ಜ КቹޠРԓȂ஡ණڦޠၦଊखᓄӶ์ଅҐαȂЩР ᇴڨ೥޲ L ߓұȈ שཽདྷᇴѠ૗яџޠਣ঑ϛϊЗཽңαܗ ࡪቅኻȌȌܛпױѻ(ණڦޠၦଊ)ቹӶҐφ α८Ȃӱ࣐שޠҐφؑЉഎཽழ຀Ȃดࡤ൸ ѠпऐดདྷژϨቅٲ௒ޠਣ঑൸ѠпࣽژȌ ൸ϛңᇴΚۢᗚ्໡ঐႬဟ(L, p4.31~33)Ȅ ೼Ѡ૗࢑ҦܼഌဤੀܛණٽޠτӼ࣐ҢࣁϾޠၦ ଊȂпᓎਣᓎӵഎѠٻңޠ์ଅȂѠ૗ࣻၷܼпႬ ဟණڦȂ؂ܼ߰ٻңȄ ߓ 8! ණڦ੬ኊЩၷߓ ᓾԇ୞ᐡ ᓾԇРԓ ᓾԇ (1) ኶՞ၦྜৡܿࢻѷ (2) Р߰ڦң (1) ፓᇨຯα (2) ፓᇨ௧৸ژ਺८ (3) ӗӠᆪॳ (4) ၦଊᆔ౪Ϗڏ (5) Кቹ์ଅ ഌဤੀ ٻң ϛᓾԇ (1) ਣ໣ᆡΩՄ໕ (2) ၦଊѠІܓ

ውዽ

ӶҐԪ೥ፚȂԥڨ೥޲ߓұၦଊࢦਰᇅ֐࢑ٸᐄ ၦଊ᜹࠯ޠৰ౵ȄӶഌဤੀϜூژޠၦଊѠпୣϸ ࣐ȶٲᄃ࠯ȷпІȶঐ΢စᡜ࠯ȷڎᆎ᜹࠯ȄӶٲ ᄃ࠯ၦଊޠഌӌȂڨ೥޲ཽւңȶڐуᆪၰၦଊȷ (B, p6.35~36)ȃȶਫᝳȷ(I, p4.5~6)ȃȶ΢ርᆔၿȷ(C, p4.36~39)ܗ࢑ȶႬၘၛୱȷ(P, p5.10~11)๊РԓȂӕ ԪጃᇰၦଊϲৡޠҔጃܓȄկᄈܼঐ΢စᡜ᜹࠯ޠ ၦଊȂѠ૗࢑ӱ࣐ഌဤੀණٽޠၦଊӼљңձҢ ࣁȃӅ໤ᇅᑺ፹Р८ޠ୥ՄȂڨ೥޲ᇰ࣐೼ٳϲৡ хߓঐ΢ޠཏُᇅᄙ࡚ȂӱԫᄈܼܛڦூၦଊޠҔ ጃܓ्ؒࣻၷܼᏱ೛Ϗձ޲࣐մȂ࿌ดءԥໍ՘ࢦ ਰޠ्҇ܓȄڨ೥޲ A ߰ߓұɆഌဤੀ࢑ঐ΢ޠΚ ঐཏُ֒ȂȌȌȂη೩ѻ࢑ΚٳЩၷ྄ᆓޠΚٳཏ ُȂשញூηณ།τ໰ɇ(A, p5.3~7)ȇڨ೥޲ C ࠍ ᇰ࣐Ȉ ഌဤੀ࢑хߓ࢛Κঐ΢ᄈٲ௒ޠΚঐҢࣁ ޠл஼ȂڸΚঐᄙ࡚ȂȌȌȂՅйഌဤੀѻ ཽԥлᡞܓȂȌȌȂܛпשൊ᠎ഌဤੀѠ૗ ࢑џݡ፭ѻᄈ࢛ӈٲܗ޲Κঐᄙ࡚ȂᄈȂΚ ঐ߭܉ȂӶΚૢᆪયαѠ૗ȌȌѻѠ૗൸Ѭ ࢑ΚঐбࢳޠၦଊȂءԥ٦ᆎҢڽޠདញ(C, p5.11~15)Ȅ

ߓ 9! ࢦਰ੬ኊЩၷߓ ࢦਰ୞ᐡ ࢦਰРԓ ࢦਰ ٲᄃ࠯ၦଊ ഌဤੀ ٻң ϛࢦਰ ঐ΢စᡜ (1) ڐуᆪၰၦଊ (2) ਫᝳၦଊ (3) ΢ርᆔၿ (4) Ⴌၘၛୱ Ᏹ೛Ϗձ ᡲܛࢦூޠၦଊᅿѠ૗ޠϹᚡȃᄃңᇅҔጃ Ⴌဟ

⃌ታ

ϛӤܼޤᜌϏձ޲ཽӱ࣐ॏฬܗϏձӉଡ଼๗؃Յ ୅Цၦଊ൷ؒޠႇโȂഌဤੀޠ᠟޲ᇰ࣐Ꭸ᠟ഌဤ ੀ࢑ΚᆎɆࡼ៊ܓɇ(R, p7.13)ޠࣁ୞Ȃ֊ٻԥਣ঑ ӱ࣐Ңࣁԕ࿪Յ୅ЦΚࢳਣ໣ޠᎨ៕ȂկɆѬ्དྷ ژᗚ࢑ཽӕ׳яٿࣽΚࣽɇ(R, P7.15~16)Ȅཽ୅ЦᎨ ᠟࢛Κঐഌဤੀޠ঩ӱȂѠ૗ཽӱ࣐ȶഌဤੀϲৡ ϛಓӬሰؒȷܗ࢑ȶ؂ུᓝ౦ЋմȷȄЩРᇴȂڨ೥ ޲ L ߓұȂԥਣཽึ౫ႇџᓾԇޠഌဤੀɆ၈८Ԃ ჌ءԥϨቅݎ՚Ȃดࡤܺ຀έխޫ໣ɇȂ߰஡၏ഌ ဤੀփ௭(L, p4.17~18)ȇܗ࢑ഌဤࡋɆ࡟εء؂ུȂ хߓуစᕋуޠഌဤੀء٦ቅңЗȂѠ૗ءԥளள ӶϸٵуޠစᡜȂȌȌȂ൸ϛཽӕདྷџࣽΠɇ(L, p4.20~22)Ȅ ߓ 10! ๗؃੬ኊЩၷߓ ๗؃ۢဏ ๗؃՘࣐ ᅗ٘ሰؒᇅᄃርᄃ՘ (1) ਢၾ (2) ᗋޑ (3) ໾ॶ (4) जָ (5) ձཿኦቹ๊ ഌဤੀ ٻң ҦܼഌဤੀϲৡϛಓӬሰؒܗ࢑ЋЎ؂ུ Յ୅ЦᎨ᠟ ୅ЦᎨ᠟ഌဤੀ Ᏹ೛Ϗձ ᄈܼःفޠስ஀ڏԥΚۢΠ၍ٯึ౫Ӊଡ଼ Ϝޠ֩ᜳȂӱՅ᝸៊ࡸ௩ڐϜޠၦଊ ଭᄈ੬ۢۧґ၍؛ޠୱᚡໍ՘ϊ೤ዂޠ ཫ൷Ȃܗ࢑൷׳Ѡ૗ԥֆܼ๗፤ޠུޠ яޏࠣ

⃌⧄⎞ቍ͗ᶇἄᅞ׿

Ґःف௥ଇഌဤੀ᠟޲Ӷഌဤੀαޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘ ࣐Ȃึ౫Ӷ໡ۗᎨ᠟ޠ୞ᐡȃᎨ᠟ᘘ৥ޠഀ๗Рԓȃ ᒶڦഌဤੀᎨ᠟ޠᒲրዀྦȃึ౫؂ུၦଊޠᆀࣽ ᇅණڦРԓ๊ޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐αഎ৥౫яΫϸᙵ൳ ޠ౫ຬȄᖃ๗ٿᇴȂԥпίංᘉึ౫Ȉ 1. ௒དᖓᛯ࢑ഌဤੀᎨ᠟ޠ२्ӱષȄҐԪ೥ፚ ϜȂѠпึ౫௒དᖓᛯංоೲएܛԥޠഌဤੀ ၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐Ȃ೩Ӽڨ೥޲ְԥፚژпഌဤੀ ᖓᛯᒒЅད௒ܗ࢑ໍ՘ަထһࢻޠစᡜȂ࢑ ȶ໡ۗȷആ೥Κঐུޠഌဤੀٯ஡ђΤԂЅ ӫ൑ޠл्୞ᐡϟΚȄᎨ᠟ᒒЅޠഌဤੀȂ Ѡпϛڨਣޫ४ښӵᜱЗуউޠߗݸȂ࣐Π೼ ঐጣࢉȂ᠟޲ӶᎨ᠟ᒒЅഌဤੀਣȂཽ੬րݨ ཏНതޠึߓਣ໣ȄՅй೼ᆎၷ࣐໣௦ޠР ԓȂѠпᗘռεґഀ๝ܗ࢑ᜱ߾ၷሊޠᔎ׋Ȅ ڨ೥޲ηණژഇႇᒒЅഌဤੀޠԂЅӫ൑ϛ ᘟӪѵഀ๗ࡤȂளளѠпึ౫εґഀ๝ޠԂ ݊ЅȄ

2. ٻң޲ϛΚۢࡹྲུऌ׭ޠ೪ॏ޲ܗ௱ኅ޲ܛ ࡿۢܗ೪དྷޠРԓໍ՘ٻңȂՅйཽҦҐٙޠ ሰؒȂ൸౫ԥණٽޠѓ૗Ȃึ৥яུᑘՅ྄൳ ԥ഻ཏޠٻңРԓȄҐःفଭᄈഌဤੀං໷ԥ րܼڐу൭ᡞޠѓ૗ໍ՘ٻңޒݸޠΠ၍Ȃึ ౫ RSS ܗ࢑Ӳ྘ഀ๗๊೩Ӽഌဤੀ੬ԥޠѓ ૗ȂٯϛԄႲ෉Ϝ٦ቅኅހӵೞ௦ڨȄܗ೩೼ ٳུѓ૗्૗ೞٻңτಁܛ௦ڨȂᗚ࢑ሰ्Մ ኍٻңαޠᒒڸܓпІٻң޲ٻң௒ძޠሰ ؒȂ೼࢑ԥࡠࡤ៊ःف౐Τ௥ଇޠӵРȄЇঈ ࢑Ӽ՞ڨ೥޲ߓұȂཽւңٻңԂЅӫ൑஡ᒒ ЅޠഌဤੀђΤпР߰ᆀࣽȂηཽໍΚؐٻң ೼໷ѓ૗ձ࣐ၦଊཫ൷ޠϏڏȂᘘ৥΢૖ޠഀ ๗Ȃึ౫ѷᖓޠ݊ЅȂࣦՎ๗һུޠӤԂȂ׳ ژ؂ӼޠུၦଊٿྜȄ 3. ഌဤࡋӶуউՍϐഌဤੀኦቹޠঐ΢စᡜစள ࢑ڨ೥޲ණІٻңഌဤੀޠл्঩ӱϟΚȄ೩ Ӽڨ೥޲ᇰ࣐ഌဤੀαޠ೩ӼၦଊٿՍܼഌဤ ࡋණٽޠޣ௦ঐ΢စᡜȂѠп७մၦଊϜ୧ཿ ၽձޠԚϸȂ࢑ၷ࣐Ѡ߭ޠȇԫѵȂഌဤੀϱ ೩ަཽαޠӼϰఋထึяуউՍϐޠᖑॲȂ೼ ٳᒒٙစᐤ؂Ѡණٽ᠟޲Κঐ෈хܓ୥ᇅޠᆔ ၿȂᡲуউΠ၍ϛӤᙜཿȃᑺ፹ȃНϾޠ΢ထ ޠҢࣁРԓȄ 4. შ჌ၦਠཽ֝Жٻң޲ໍΤഌဤੀȄӶҐԪ೥ ፚϜȂ೩Ӽڨ೥޲എණژშ჌ၦਠᄈܼуউٻ ңഌဤੀޠኈ៫ȇЩРᇴȂٻң޲Ѡ૗ཽӱ࣐ BSP ॷॳޠႲ៕შȶ໡ۗȷᎨ᠟ΚঐഌဤੀȂ ໍՅ౱Ңၦଊୌႅޠ౫ຬȇྲбᇅᅟฬ๊შ჌ ၦਠη࢑Ӷȶᘳ៕ȷਣഷৡܿೞݨཏژޠӵРȇ ٻң޲ཽпშ჌ޠᙵ൳ȃಡጞᇅजད๊૗஋৥ ౫၏ഌဤੀॴੀޠདڨȂձ࣐ȶᒲրȷ᝸៊Ꭸ ᠟ޠ२्ዀྦȄ Ґःف೥ፚ᠟޲Ӷഌဤੀαޠၦଊ൷ؒ՘࣐୉࣐ ߒؐޠϸݚၦਠȄดՅ೥ፚ๗ݏࠔึ౫ȂଷΠӶഌ ဤੀαཫ൷ᑺ፹ࣻᜱޠၦଊѵȂ᠟޲Ўԥଭᄈ੬ۢ ୱᚡໍ՘ཫ൷ޠစᡜȂٯйڨ೥޲Ӷᇴ݃ഌဤੀޠ Ꭸ᠟୞ᐡᇅࣁ୞ਣȂ৥౫яߩளᙵ൳ޠ௒དᖓᛯӱ ષȂٯйуউτӼ஡Ꭸ᠟ഌဤੀຝ࣐࢑Κ໷ࡼ៊ܓ ޠࣁ୞Ȃ೼ٳഎϛ࢑пҭޠܓȃୱᚡ၍؛ܗӉଡ଼Ᏻ Ӫޠၦଊ൷ؒ౪፤ᎍӬ၍មޠୱᚡȂӱԫє֥ၦଊ ୌႅᢏᘉ๊ڐуၦଊᕖڦРԓȂࣦՎє֥ၦଊ೏౪ ᇅٻң๊՘࣐Ȃٿଇ፤ഌဤੀαޠၦଊ༉ክ౫ຬѠ ૗؂ђӬᎍȄѫѵȂٻң޲ঐ΢ሰؒпІܛ೏௒ძ ཽኈ៫ུऌ׭ѓ૗ޠٻңРԓȂࡤ៊ःفѠпଭᄈ ೼ঐഌϸ࡛ҴӬᎍޠඣख़ዂԓȄःفϜٯึ౫შ჌ ၦਠ࢑֝Жഌဤੀٻң޲ޠл्୞ᐡȂშ჌ϰષޠ ॴੀᇅजདη࢑অூΠ၍ޠӵРȄഷࡤȂڨ४ܼः ف޲ޠ΢૖пІःفਣ໣ޠ४ښȂӱԫ೥ୱޠᄈຬ ༊४ܼڨႇା๊ఁيޠ 20~30 ྒޠԒሇఋထȂη෉ ࡠґٿޠःفѠпଭᄈϛӤޠఋထໍ՘౐Τ௥ଇȂ Π၍ϛӤ΢πᡑ໷ޠٻң޲ޠ՘࣐ዂԓȄ

א≙ᄽ᪇

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and Management, 33(4), 551-572. ֕ۡႁȞҖ 95ȟȄпᏎ᏾ލʝȶ᏾ލഌဤੀȷКᐡ Սܰ᏾ލᄃᓄȄҖ 95 Ԓ 10 У 15 СȂڦՍȈ http://www.gclub.com.tw/news/news_list.asp?no=bl ue20060806153431 ଼࠹ᅮȞҖ 92ȟȄ੬ུτಁ༉ክ౪፤ȄȞചߋߋȃቔ ኌ໴ណȟȄѯіᑫȈ॰ճȄȞ঩຀яޏԒȈ1997 Ԓȟ ഍ࡈ㝟ȞҖ 96ȟȄᓔ๽኉Ȇ࿆ੀ኉Ϯಞᄳഌဤੀȃ P2P ึ৥τٲखȄၦଊަཽःفȂ12Ȃ1-48Ȅ ഻ҀርҀൠःف៬ୱϵѨȞҖ 94ȟȄȶഌဤੀٻңཏ ُ።ࢦȷःفൣ֚ ȞΚȟȄҖ 96 Ԓ 1 У 28 СȂ ڦ Ս Ȉ http://www.insightxplorer.com/specialtopic/ blog_0725_05.html ഻ҀርҀൠःف៬ୱϵѨȞҖ 96ȟȄߗΝԚᆪЅֳ ᐀ഌဤੀȂഌဤࡋ᜺࣐ޫ໣ኈॲα༉рຳȄҖ 96 Ԓ 11 У 12 СȂڦՍȈhttp://www.insightxplorer.com/ news/news_09_21_07.html ሂਫῴȞҖ 95ȟȄစᕋഌဤੀ࢑Սϐޠٲ-ज୾ഌဤ ࡋ੬ኊඣᛳȄҖ 95 Ԓ 10 У 20 СȂڦՍȈ http://www.find.org.tw/find/home.aspx?page=news &id=4389