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共軛高分子之電致螢光(I)

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行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫 期中進度報告

共軛高分子之電致螢光(1/3)

計畫類別: 個別型計畫 計畫編號: NSC91-2112-M-009-032-執行期間: 91 年 08 月 01 日至 92 年 07 月 31 日 執行單位: 國立交通大學物理研究所 計畫主持人: 孟心飛 計畫參與人員: 葉勝玄、陳宜秀 報告類型: 精簡報告 報告附件: 出席國際會議研究心得報告及發表論文 處理方式: 本計畫可公開查詢

國 92 年 6 月 2 日

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中文摘要

以tight-binding model藉由計算碰撞PPV鏈上的缺陷後波函數的位移, 我們 可以得到載子穿越缺陷的穿透率跟載子初始能量的關係。我們考慮順缺陷、sp3 飽和鍵結及氧化缺陷,如圖依所示。載子穿透率會隨著動能增加而從0急速增加, 暗示在高場下,共軛破壞並未嚴重限制鏈與鏈之間的載子傳遞。假設共軛鏈被順 缺陷分開,其平均共軛長度為100 Å ,則其飄移速度為103 m/s 在電場為107 V/m, 為105 m/s 在電場為108V/m。

關鍵字

POLYACETYLENE, DISSOCIATION, VINYLENE), RESONANCE, LASERS

英文摘要

By calculating the phase shifts of the wave functions for the extended scattering states within tight-binding model for a poly (p-phenylene vinylene) chain with one

conjugation defect, we obtain the exact transmission probability through the defect as a function of the carrier incident energy for the entire eight pi bands. Cis-defect, sp3

saturation, and oxidation are considered. The transmission increases rapidly from zero with the carrier kinetic energy, implying the conjugation breaks do not severely limit the intrachain charge transport under high electric field. Assuming an average conjugation length of 100 Å separated by cis-defects, the drift velocity is predicted to be as high as 103m/s for field at 107 V/m, and over 105m/s at 108V/m.

緣由與目的

多年來共軛高分子已有許多研究,但對於polaron在完美材質中的傳播與材質 的缺陷、型態微觀關連研究卻有缺乏。我們以tight-binding model藉由計算碰撞 PPV鏈上的缺陷後波函數的位移, 我們可以得到載子穿越缺陷的穿透率跟載子 初始能量的關係。我們考慮三種缺陷形式,包括順缺陷、sp3飽和鍵結及氧化缺 陷,如圖一所示。在順缺陷中,載子穿透率會隨著動能增加而從0急速增加,暗 示在高場下,共軛破壞並未嚴重限制鏈與鏈之間的載子傳遞,飽和鍵結卻對載子 傳播有極大影響。

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在低場時(<4*107 V/m),載子為polaron,電子、電洞與晶格交互作用,使電 子、電洞受一束縛力,故其速度為聲速。再加高電場時(>4*107 V/m),電子脫離 晶格束縛,成為自由電子,而在更高場下(>108 V/m),由於能量守恆關係,載子 速度會隨電場而下降,如圖二所示。這項成果已發表在 Physical Review B這家 雜誌上。[ Phy. Rev. B, 66(3), 035202(2002)] 另外我們亦針對激子在發光過程中所可能遇到的過程作一探討,其得容如下, 此篇亦已發表於Physical Review B, 65(23), 235206(2002): 圖一 圖二

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英文摘要

The probability for the Coulomb capture of an electron-hole pair to form an exciton in conjugated polymers is found to be significantly suppressed under high electric field, which is usually required for electroluminescence due to the low mobility. The Coulomb capture is a continuous descent of electronic energy through cascade emission of phonons, and the high field prevents this descent by heating up the carriers. On the other hand, ultraviolet emission through direct interband transition is found to be much less affected by the field, and becomes the dominant radiative decay channel for field beyond 10 8 V/m. Combined with impact ionization, our model provides a complete quantitative explanation of the peculiar high-field behaviors of the visible emission, ultraviolet emission, and current observed in conjugated polymer both before and after the avalanche breakdown.

中文摘要

在共軛高分子中,電子電洞對形成激子的庫倫捕捉機率在高場中明顯受抑 制,而通常電致發光需要低載子遷移率,庫倫捕捉是隨著梯狀聲子放射而連續降 低,並且高場會以加熱載子的方式阻礙降低,因而變成主要輻射在電場為10 8V/m 時通道會衰減,整合impact ionization,我們的模型提供一個複雜量子化的解釋以 共軛高分子高場下,可見光輻射、紫外光輻射及電流在雪崩破壞前後的獨特行為。

關鍵字

LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES, POLY(P-PHENYLENE VINYLENE), POLY(PHENYLENE VINYLENE), INDUCED DISSOCIATION, BAND, ELECTROLUMINESCENCE, EXCITATIONS, EXCITONS

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