2-1.1 平方根與根號
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A subgroup N which is open in the norm topology by Theorem 3.1.3 is a group of norms N L/K L ∗ of a finite abelian extension L/K.. Then N is open in the norm topology if and only if
Field operators a † ↵, (q) and a ↵, (q) create or destroy a photon or exciton (note that both are bosonic excitations) with in-plane momentum q and polarization (there are
Let us suppose that the source information is in the form of strings of length k, over the input alphabet I of size r and that the r-ary block code C consist of codewords of
The case where all the ρ s are equal to identity shows that this is not true in general (in this case the irreducible representations are lines, and we have an infinity of ways
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