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The Role of Social Support toward Superior Student’s Stress Level

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process. After a lengthy process of familiarization and interaction, the staff of the Veterans Hospital was able to persuade the residents of the town trusting their abilities of self-discipline and autonomy. A support network was extended into the community for the assistance of this employment, which also gave the patients new

self-confidence to attempt reintegration into society. The economic outcome was also beneficial, generating NT$3 million (US$100,000) in income. Moreover, the staff is utilizing oral history for the process of developing an even closer collective sentiment between patients and community, which is anticipated to reinforce the results of the program. Supportive environment will shape patients’ autonomy in clinical settings and daily lives. Accordingly, patients are not only aware to their medication status but also could support each other through appropriate arrangements. Furthermore, their relatives and boss could be supportive if they recognize the residual function of each patient with the help from professionals and institutions. Finally, medical professional should play the role of empowerment in building three layer of therapeutic community. The narrative method of life history, with close listening to patients, helps them to distinguish the real self from the false self, and this is the crux to whether they can reach a turning point. The process of oral history bring the patient back to his experience of the initiation of illness, and the memory of the feeling of being unwillingly committed to the institution. We have discovered that this external intrusion is linked to his/her own

understanding of his/her situation, the suitability of the environment, and whether or not they can exercise self-discipline. This is the starting point for the work of the Yuli staff, to create a link between the inner world of the patient and the outer real world. Also, new role of medical professionals will be recommended.

SP-103

Depression Is Associated with Decrease Physical Performance of Older People

Noran Naqiah Hairi1, Awang Bulgiba Mahmud1, Siti Halimah Syed Shaikh2, Izzuna Moh Ghazali2, Mas Ayu Said1

1. University Malaya, Malaysia

2. Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

Aim: To explore the influence and contribution of depression compared to chronic diseases in decreasing physical performance of older persons

Methods: Data from a population-based survey of 765 elderly people aged 60 years and above living in Malacca were analysed. Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess depression. Presence of chronic diseases was self reported and verified through medical records. Physical performance was based on two outcomes; self reported functional limitation and performance based functional limitation. Two separate models were formulated using the log binomial regression, as the outcome prevalence was high (>10%). This is a more preferable method to

the logistic regression when odds ratio is not a reliable estimate of the relative risk.

Results: 2.4% to 36.3% of respondents with one or more chronic diseases had depression. After adjusting for age, sex, social isolation, and cognitive function, depression had the highest significant association with aPR of 1.60 (95% CI 1.09, 2.34) and aPR 2.60 (95% CI 1.79, 3.77) compared with presence of chronic diseases. Population Attributable Risk for performance based functional limitation due to depression was 39.4% (95%CI 15.8, 63.1).

Conclusion: Depression is associated with decrease physical performance greater compared to presence of one or more chronic disease alone. If older people were treated for depression 39.4 % of the performance based functional limitation cases would be eliminated. More efforts should be given to screen, diagnose and treat older people with depression.

SP-104

The Role of Social Support toward Superior Student’s Stress Level

Indra Fajarwati1, Wisjnu Martani2

1. Hasanuddin University, Indonesia 2. Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia

Superior student class program is program that

distinguishing student based on their achivement which upper average normal student report. The students must compete each other to be the best in their class, and that situation made them in stressful condition. The aim of this research was to find out the role of social support on students who selected in superior class program. The subjects of this research was 60 students of superior class programs at SMAN (High School State) 1 Bulukumba, South Sulawesi. The data collected based on four scales, which are stress scale, parent social support scale, teacher social support scale and peer group social support scale. The multiple regression analysis was applied to analyze data by SPSS for windows program version 13.0 The hypothesis werw : (1) their was a negative relationship between social support (parent, teacher and peer group) and stress level , (2) their was a negative relationship between parent social support and stress level, (3) their was a negative relationship between teacher social support and stress level, (4) their was a negative relationship between peer group social support and stress level on superior studen class program. The result indicated that their was a negative correlation and significant between social support and stress level on superior student class program with R=0.376 ; R Sguare=0.141, F=3.074 and p=0.035. Social support effectively contribute 14,1% to the student stress level. Parent social support was a negative correlation and significant to the strudent stress level with r=-0.256 and p=0.041. Teacher social support was a negative

correlation and significant to the student stres level with r=- 0.100 and p= 0.050, and finally peer group social

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-Poster Sessi

on

II

support was negative correlation and significant to the student stress level with r=-0.106 and p=0.051

SP-105

The Study on the Effects of the Health Education Group in a Drug Abuser Treatment Center En-Ping Su, Shu-Hua Shen

Jianan Mental Hospital, Taiwan

Objective: Because the drug abuser treatment center had no correlative education teaching material, this study tried to design group education courses for the problems of body, mind and soul of drug abusers.

Methods: This study adopted descriptive research. the group education courses which lasted for 13 weeks. This study used the self-made assessment chart of awareness of drug education. We collected the data before and after the group education from August 17 to November 16, 2007. And then we proceeded descriptive statistics and inference statistics to analysis these data by the analysis software, SPSS 12.0.

Results: Eventually, we found that these 74 drug abusers were all male, By using the chi-square test, we found that drug abusing behavior could be improved after and before group education accounted for 68.9% and 85.1% (P=0.017) . In the parts of damage of drugs, awareness of infectious diseases and employment resources (P=1.0). Conclusions: In accordance with the results that mentioned above, conducting group education courses could reach drug abuser’ demands and then could improve their abusing behaviors to achieve the effect of drug rehabilitation. Because in the parts of damage of drugs, awareness of infectious diseases and employment resources, there was no significant difference, we should guide correlative knowledge after their admission. In the courses of employment resources, because the abusers could not get employment information in the

rehabilitation center, the effects were limited.

SP-106

Alcohol-Associated Excess in Emergency and Injury Service Utilization among Young Adults in Taiwan Chung-Li Tsai, Keh-Ming Lin, Hsing-Yi Chang, Chuan-Yu Chen, Shao-You Fang

National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan

Purpose: This study sought to examine the link between alcohol drinking and emergency and injury service utilization among community-dwelling young adults in Taiwan.

Method: Data were from 2005 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and linked National Health Insurance claimed data (NHI). With a focus on sample with age of 18-34 years, information pertaining to individual sociodemographic background and health behaviors was obtained from face-to-face interview in the NHIS (n=6345); service utilization records concerning emergency room and healthcare of injury causes

(ICD-9-CM: 800-999) were retrieved from those providing consent to data linkage with NHI (n=5133, linkage rate: 81.6%).

Results: Approximately 28.33%wt (n=1455) drank less than once a week, and the estimate for once or more per week was 10.38%wt (n=542). A dose response

relationship appears between frequency of alcohol consumption and the utilization of emergency room and injury-related healthcares (both p-values< 0.001). While simultaneously adjusted for gender, aboriginal ethnicity, household income, religious affiliation, educational attainment, major physical diseases, and mental diseases, once or more per week drinking was associated with 33% increased visits of emergency room (95%

CI=1.03-1.72, p<0.05), and 25% increased utilization of healthcare of injury causes (95% CI=0.99-1.59, p=0.06); the observed alcohol-associated excess was less salient once tobacco smoking and betel nut were statistically adjusted.

Conclusion: Higher frequency of alcohol consumption may be modestly associated with increased utilization of emergency room service and healthcare of injury in young adults. Health education program is needed to raise public awareness for responsible drinking and future research may help delineate possible mechanisms.

SP-107

The Relationship between Heavy Metals (HG, PB, CD, MN) and Maternal Nationality on Children

Development

Tsung-Lin Tsai, Chiu-Ying Chen, Trong-Neng Wu, Chin-Ching Wu

China Medical University, Taiwan

Background: Developmental delay is a common problem in pediatrics, with an estimated population prevalence as high as 10%. Number of developmental delay children in Taiwan has increased in recent years. Many studies have observed that heavy metals, such as mercury and lead, affect children’s cognitive behavior and intelligence. However, evidence is still insufficient to establish this association between heavy metals and developmental delay in children.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of family, nationality, environmental exposure and child characteristics on children development, and to analyze their association with respect to heavy metals detected in their blood sample.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 118 children in Nantou from Nov. 2008 to Jan. 2009. We used interview questionnaire to collect data and used D! enver Developmental Screening Test Chinese Version (DDST-Chinese version) to estimate the stages of children development. Blood levels of mercury, lead, cadmium and manganese were assayed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Results: For every log-unit increased in blood cadmium level, the gross motor skill failure rate was increased by 2.56% (p=0.010). Children with low birth weight

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