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國小五年級學童因數與倍數文字題解題歷程之研究

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圖 2-1 Mayer 之解題階段及知識類型(整理自 Mayer,1992)  Mayer 之解題階段及步驟,分別說明如下(引自林清山,1997):  (一)問題表徵階段:解題者於此階段透過「語言知識」轉譯問題敘述,理 解問題,並決定解題目標為何。再透過「基模知識」整合問題為一個 內化的心理表徵。此階段包含下述兩個步驟:  1、問題轉譯:將每一個陳述句做轉譯,以理解之語句轉化為個人能理 解的內在符號。需使用到「語言知識」及「語意知識」 ,解題者若問題解決階段 解題計畫解題執行 問題表徵階段 問題轉譯 問題整
表 3-2「因數與倍數文字題解題歷程表現測驗」評分標準  題號  題型  得分  評分標準  1-1、2-1、3-1  4-1、5-1、6-1  7-1、8-1、9-1  單選題  (問題轉譯)  1 分  答案正確 0 分  答案錯誤  1-2、2-2、3-2  4-2、5-3、6-2  7-2、8-4、9-2  單選題  (問題整合)  1 分  答案正確 0 分  答案錯誤  1-3、2-3、3-3  4-3、5-3、6-3  7-3、8-3、9-3  單選題  (解題計畫 與監控)  1 分  答案
表 3-3 評分範例  題號  試題內容  解答範例  評分標準  第 1 題  (因 數)  老師去書局買彩虹筆要當作 禮物送給班上的小朋友,每枝筆4 塊錢,共買了 16 枝,要怎麼分才可以使每個人分到的筆一樣多,又可以剛好分 完,共有多少種分法?  16÷1=16 16÷2=8 16÷4=4 16÷8=2 16÷16=1  16 的因數有:1、2、4、8、 16--------------CCC C  答:有 5 種分法-----DD D D A、B、C、D每個步驟各1 分,滿分為 4 分。 若能完整寫
表 3-4 測驗預試難度、鑑別度分析表  題號  難度  鑑別度  題組 1  0.50                0.51**  題組 2  0.63  0.61***  題組 3  0.61  0.75***  題組 4  0.68                0.57**  題組 5  0.38                0.47*  題組 6  0.45  0.60***  題組 7  0.67  0.65***  題組 8  0.79  0.71***  題組 9  0.77  0.60
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