慈濟大學 109 學年度學士後中醫學系招生考試

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慈濟大學 109 學年度學士後中醫學系招生考試

英文科試題

考試開始鈴響前，不得翻閱本試題！

※考試開始鈴響前，請注意：

一、請確認手機、電子計算機、手提袋、背包與飲料等，一律置於試場外之臨時置物區。傳統型手錶或一般的鬧鈴功能必須關閉。不得戴智慧型手錶、運動手環等穿戴式電子裝置入場。

二、就座後，不可以擅自離開座位。考試開始鈴響前，不得書寫、畫記、翻閱試題卷或作答。

三、坐定後，雙手離開桌面，檢查並確認座位桌貼、電腦答案卡與答案卷之准考證號碼是否相同。

四、請確認抽屜中、桌椅下或座位旁均無非考試必需用品。如有任何問題請立即舉手反映。

※作答說明：

一、本試題(含封面)共 7 頁，如有缺頁或毁損，應立即舉手請監試人員補發。

二、選擇題答案請依題號順序劃記於電腦答案卡，在本試題紙上作答者不予計分；

電腦答案卡限用 2B 鉛筆劃記，若未按規定劃記，致電腦無法讀取者，考生自行負責。

三、選擇題為單選題，共 40 題，請選擇最合適的答案。

四、作文題限用黑色墨水或藍色墨水的筆(不得使用鉛筆)書寫於答案卷上，違者依

「慈濟大學試場規則及違規處理辦法」處理。

五、本試題必須與電腦答案卡及答案卷一併繳回，不得攜出試場。

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慈濟大學 109 學年度學士後中醫學系招生考試

英文科試題本試題（含封面）共 7 頁：第 2 頁

（如有缺頁或毀損，應立即舉手請監試人員補發）

說明：本英文試題共 5 大題。前 4 大題全為單選題，每題 2 分，共佔 80 分，請選擇最合適的答案。最後一大題為英文作文，佔 20 分。總分共 100 分。

I. Vocabulary and Phrase: Choose the word that best fits in the sentence.

1. Light pollution can alter how sea turtles choose breeding grounds sites.

(A) nesting (B) diurnal (C) obtrusive (D) luminous 2. On 31 March 2020, the American President, Donald Trump, strongly argued that journalists

should not ask snarky questions on coronavirus testing in the United States.

(A) creditable (B) exploitable (C) irritable (D) undeniable

3. This medical research explored the significance of carotid augmentation index detected by e-tracking technique.

(A) distillation (B) expansion (C) regression (D) verification

4. Oil was also slammed by the _____ of further disruption to the US economy and with Saudi Arabia apparently determined to pursue a price war with Russia and American producers to regain market share.

(A) prospect (B) prophetic (C) proponent (D) prosecution

5. The agency called for the public to remain _____ for rain and gusts of wind, after it issued an emergency weather warning.

(A) vision (B) voyage (C) vigorous (D) vigilant

6. It is evident from the examination of Schlesinger’s accomplishment in making films in the encyclopedia, which demonstrates his _____ as an auteur director.

(A) interference (B) eminence (C) hindrance (D) utterance

7. The city government's decision to tear down the fruit market met with _____ opposition from local citizens.

(A) affluent (B) redundant (C) concordant (D) virulent 8. With one voice, all of the member states approved the deal _____ without any hesitation.

(A) unanimously (B) unabashedly (C) anomaly (D) anonymously 9. Our Earth is facing an _____ climate crisis and it requires every human being to minimize his

impact.

(A) ostentatious (B) inveterate (C) orthodox (D) escalating 10. East Africa has been hit by severe _____ of desert locust swarms and is suffering from food

shortage.

(A) campaigns (B) ordeals (C) invasions (D) collisions

11. Recently, psychologists have proposed that _____ is an issue about how to manage our emotions rather than our time.

(A) perspiration (B) implication (C) procrastination (D) interpretation 12. Scientists consider this a remarkable feat, _____ heavy lifting equipment used in modern

construction was not available at that time.

(A) granted that (B) seeing that (C) because that (D) given that

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13. Parasite, a South Korean film dealing with the gap between the haves and the have nots, has _____ box office records and won several international awards.

(A) mitigated (B) smashed (C) rectified (D) expedited 14. Jeff did not mean to offend Cindy about her hairdo. He was simply making a(n) _____ remark

when highlighting that it was too elaborate for a girl of her young and tender age.

(A) ear-splitting (B) eye-opening (C) tic-tac-toe (D) tongue-in-cheek 15. Lots of employees from this well-known company go on strike today for they are not _____ the

new pension scheme.

(A) on board with (B) endowed with (C) wary of (D) prone to II. Grammar and Structure

(A) Select the phrase that best completes the sentence.

16. Never in my life _____ such an incredible exhibition, _____ I hope I can visit it again.

(A) have I see, that so much (B) had I seen, so that much (C) I had seen, so that (D) have I seen, so much so that

17. The American paratroopers were dropped in the wrong places all over Normandy. None of them _____ the jump. Even if they did, they were probably killed in action.

(A) might ever have survived (B) might ever survive

(C) would rather survive (D) would rather have survived (B) Choose the underlined part that contains ungrammatical use of English.

18. Due to (A) persistent inbreeding, self-pollinating plants have (B) genetically more uniformed than cross-pollinated plants, which (C) carry more genetic variability (D).

19. Music is deeply rooted (A) in all cultures cross the world and yet (B), unlike (C) food or shelter, it is not something we actually need (D) in order to survive.

20. In 1884, Belva Ann Lockwood, a lawyer who (A) had appeared (B) before the Supreme Court, became (C) the first woman was nominated (D) for President of the United States.

III. Cloze: Choose the most appropriate word or phrase for each blank in the following passages.

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International collaboration has become a trend in many universities. For example, University of Queensland (UQ) in Brisbane, Australia and the Ochsner Health System in New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A. have a unique partnership to __21__ international clinical opportunities for medical students, and collaborative opportunities for researchers from across the two continents. The Ochsner partnership began in 2008 when the two institutions __22__ to establish the Ochsner Clinical School. Ochsner is Louisiana’s large nonprofit, academic, multispecialty healthcare delivery system, which owns, manages, or __23__ 25 hospitals. Ochsner is very active in medical research, __24__ more than 750 clinical research studies every year. About 120 American students enroll in UQ’s medical program each year. They complete their first two years of the degree in Brisbane and then the third and fourth years at UQ’s Ochsner Clinical School in New Orleans. The alliance has

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__25__a strong track record of transdisciplinary research collaborations between the two organizations.

21. (A) appeal (B) deter (C) foster (D) covet 22. (A) made up (B) rounded up (C) summed up (D) teamed up 23. (A) is affiliated with (B) is committed to (C) is dedicated with (D) is equivalent to 24. (A) by conducting (B) conducting (C) being conducted (D) conducts 25. (A) enabled (B) enacted (C) entitled (D) entailed

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The closer we feel toward someone, the less likely we are to listen carefully to them. It is called the closeness-communication bias and, over time, it can __26__, and even end, relationships. Once we know people well enough to feel close, there is an unconscious tendency to __27__because we think we already know what they are going to say. The closeness-communication bias not only keeps us from listening to those we love, it can also keep us from allowing our loved ones to listen to us.

People in close relationships sometimes withhold information or keep secrets from one another because they fear judgment, insensitivity or __28__. They confide their most pressing and worrisome concerns to people __29__they have weaker ties, for these people show more interest, ask the right

questions, are less judging or are less apt to interrupt. It is not that people in close relationships are __30__ neglectful or inattentive, but that they feel too complacent about what they know.

26. (A) fuss (B) trigger (C) strain (D) cling

27. (A) turn them on (B) tune them out (C) wipe them out (D) tag them out 28. (A) drama (B) squat (C) muse (D) veto

29. (A) who (B) by whom (C) with whom (D) whom 30. (A) objectively (B) logistically (C) initially (D) purposefully IV. Reading Comprehension: Read the following passages and choose the most appropriate answer to each question.

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Children’s faces light up when Maggie James walks into a room. With a guitar slung over one shoulder, she lugs a basket full of colorful instruments and wears a smile brighter than her floral-print dress. But, she is even happier to see their faces. It is why she got into the business in the first place.

Maggie is not a children’s entertainer. She does not perform in theaters, on television, or at special events. She is a music therapist and her stage is the palliative care wards of the Queensland Children’s Hospital in Brisbane, where terminally ill children are cared for during their final days.

Despite the often sad circumstances of her workplace, Maggie says she was drawn towards palliative care soon after beginning her healthcare career. “I strongly believe that we can do better to provide children and families with comfort, respect and love at the end stage of life,” as she argues.

To Maggie, it is important not to underestimate the effect music can have on health and wellbeing with music linked to increased levels of endorphins and decreased levels of stress. She

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highlights that “singing helps children strengthen their vocal control and breathing system, while playing instruments improves their fine-motor and coordination skills. Dancing and movement retrain their gross motor skills.”

Yet, there are more to being a music therapist than just singing and playing. According to Maggie’s elaboration, “it is about understanding patients’ medical conditions, their family and social backgrounds, how the body and brain respond to music, and which music-therapy techniques will achieve the best outcomes.” Generally speaking, it is a huge challenge that will involve developing resources, educating and training local health professionals, and most importantly, changing cultural perspectives of palliative care. In China, for example, people in most of the provinces may believe that having someone die inside the house brings bad luck and shame on the family. Some parents cannot pay for their children to go into hospital and even if they could, the doctors do not know how to best manage a child’s death. “Many parents abandon critically ill children despite the fact that they could be put in jail if they get caught, so they tend to leave them in places they cannot easily be found. The children do not stand much of a chance,” as Maggie reflects in a serious tone.

A strong family support network is important to Maggie, especially due to the emotionally taxing nature of her work. She insists that it is crucial to look after her mental health so she can keep doing the work that she loves. “Often after a patient passes away, especially when I am involved in that patient’s passing process, I take time to have a cuppa and reminisce on the positive things that I got to share with them.” Maggie immerses herself into the countless magical and joyous moments in a peaceful silence. To this lady, being a music therapist brings the most rewarding and meaningful life experiences.

31. What is the main idea of the passage?

(A) The impact of children’s death (B) The perspectives of palliative care

(C) The mission of music therapists (D) The functions of music-therapy techniques 32. What is NOT mentioned in this passage?

(A) Music therapists have to understand patient families’ social and cultural backgrounds.

(B) People in many areas in China consider death in the house as an ominous sign.

(C) Music therapists need to find solace and optimism in their work.

(D) Children on the brink of death need more medical treatments.

33. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word taxing in the last paragraph?

(A) empowering (B) laboring (C) balancing (D) collapsing 34. What does them refer to in the last paragraph?

(A) patients’ passing processes (B) reminisce on positive things (C) patients who passed away (D) palliative care staff members

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(B)

Tulip are Old World, rather than New World, plants, with the origins of the species lying in Central Asia. They became an integral part of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well. The Netherlands, particularly, became famous for its cultivation of the flower.

A tenuous line marked the advance of the tulip to the New World, where it was unknown in the wild. The first Dutch colonies in North America had been established in New Netherland by the Dutch West India Company in 1624, and one individual who settled in New Amsterdam (Today’s Manhattan section of New York City) in 1642 described the flowers that graciously colonized the settlers’ gardens. They were the same flowers seen in Dutch still-life paintings of the time: Crown imperials, roses, carnations, and of course tulips. They flourished in Pennsylvania too, where in 1698 William Penn received a report of John Tateham’s “Great and Stately Palace,” its garden full of tulips.

By 1760, Boston newspapers were advertising 50 different kinds of mixed tulip “roots.” But the length of the journey between Europe and North America created many difficulties. Thomas Hancock, an English settler, wrote thanking his plant supplier for a gift of some tulip bulbs from England, but his letter the following year grumbled that they were all dead.

Tulips arrived in Holland, Michigan, with a later wave of early nineteenth-century Dutch immigrants who quickly colonized the plains of Michigan. Together with many other Dutch settlements, such as the one at Pella, Iowa, they established a regular demand for European plants.

The demand was bravely met by a new kind of tulip entrepreneur, the traveling salesperson. One Dutchman, Hendrick van der Schoot, spent six months in 1849 traveling through the United States taking orders for tulip bulbs. While tulip bulbs were traveling from Europe to the United States to satisfy the nostalgic longings of homesick English and Dutch settlers, North American plants were traveling in the opposite direction. In England, the enthusiasm for American plants was one reason why tulips dropped out of the fashion in the gardens of the rich and famous.

35. Which of the following question does the passage mainly answer?

(A) How did tulips become popular in North America?

(B) Why did Dutch settlers import tulips to the United States in the 19^th century?

(C) What is the difference between an Old World and a New World plant?

(D) Where were the first Dutch colonies in North American located?

36. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word integral in the first paragraph?

(A) terrestrial (B) fundamental (C) ornamental (D) incidental

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37. The passage mentions which of the following as a problem associated with the importation of tulips into North America?

(A) They were no longer fashionable by the time they arrived.

(B) They often failed to survive.

(C) Frequent order cancellation by Dutch immigrants.

(D) Settlers knew little about how to cultivate them.

38. According to the passage, which of the following is true?

(A) Hendrick van der Schoot exported tulips from England in 1849.

(B) Tulips were commonly passed as gifts from wealthy families to their descendants.

(C) In the Old World, tulips were widely seen in the imperial gardens of the Ottoman Empire.

(D) Thomas Hancock claimed that tulips bravely colonized the settlers’ gardens in the 17th century.

39. The passage mentions that one reason English and Dutch settlers planted tulips in their gardens was that tulips .

(A) would flourish easily

(B) had become readily available (C) appeared in the propaganda

(D) reminded them of affectionate memories of Europe

40. According to the passage, which of the following changes occurred in English gardens during the European settlements in North America?

(A) They contained many new types in North American plants.

(B) They contained a wider variety of tulips than ever before.

(C) They grew in size in order to provide enough plants to export to the New World.

(D) They decreased in size on the estates of wealthy people.

V. Composition

More and more studies have shown that dementia occurs not only among seniors, but also people under the age of 60. Please write an essay around 200-250 words to discuss the possible problems dementia patients and their families might face. Also, as a Chinese medicine doctor, how would you help your patients and their families cope with the illness?

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慈濟大學 109 學年度學士後中醫學系招生考試英文科答案

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A C B A D B D A D C 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

C D B D A D A B B D 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

C D A B A C B A C D 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

C D B C A B B C D A

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慈濟大學

109 學年度學士後中醫學系入學招生考試試題參考答案疑義釋疑公告（109.6.8）

科目

題

號釋疑答覆釋疑結果

國文科

18 「柳絮」形容「雪」的樣子，不是實物柳絮。故維持原答案。維持原答案

國文科

29

從引文「術正而心順之，則形相雖惡而心術善，無害為君子也；形相雖善而心術惡，無害為小人也。」可知「相人」最重要的是區分心術的善惡。

故維持原答案。

維持原答案

化學科

15 雙光束使用兩個樣品槽，可能造成背景值不同，答案改為(D)較為合理。修正正確答案

為【D】

英文 7

根據 Collins 字典之字意解釋:

1. Virulent : feelings or actions are extremely bitter and hostile.

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/virulent 2. Concordant : being in agreement: harmonious

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/concordant

本題題意翻譯中文為「市政府拆除水果市場之決議遇上當地市民極度敵意

的反對意見」。

若依考生之詞義理解，翻譯則成為「市政府決議拆除水果市場遇上當地市

民之(和諧的/同意的)反對意見」，與英文題目之原意差異甚大，故本題維持

原答案 D。

維持原答案

英文 12

根據 Collins 字典之定義說明：

1. If you say given that something is the case, you mean taking that fact into account.

given that 是將事實列入考量。

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/given-that-something 2. You can use seeing that or seeing as to introduce a reason for what you are

saying.

[mainly British, informal, spoken]主為英式非正式口語用法, 主要是以個人陳述作為理由。

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/seeing-as-that

3. 依照 Times Magazine Corpus 之使用頻率查詢 given that 在文章之使用頻率中遠高於 seeing that 。

https://www.english-corpora.org/time/

4. 再者，根據本題型指示，應選出最適合的字詞，

維持原答案

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慈濟大學

(choose the word/phrase best fits in the sentence)，因此，兩者比較之下，以 given that 為最適合的選項，故本題維持原答案 D。

英文 28

根據 Collins 字典之定義，Veto 為當權主管單位或當局行使否決權去否定或禁止法案之施行。

Veto is the right that someone in authority has to forbid something.

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/veto

本題若使用 veto ，前後文意無法產生關聯性，故本題維持原答案 A。

維持原答案

生物學

3

依據題意「氧化磷酸化作用 (oxidative phosphorylation)」是細胞產生 ATP 的重要代謝機制，而該過程是在真核細胞的粒線體內膜或是原核生物的細胞膜上發生，亦即此代謝過程是在活細胞進行；因此在選項丙中所指的光合與非光合細胞亦是考量活細胞層面，再加上題意說明要挑選敘述最為正確的答案，故維持原答案 B。

維持原答案

生物學

5

經確認後，抗生素破壞細胞壁的合成、抑制細胞壁的交聯步驟、破壞或是嵌入細胞膜增加其通透性，皆屬於利用破壞細菌細胞壁的方式，使得細胞膜因滲透壓差破裂導致細菌死亡。選項(C)中的紅黴素 (Erythromycin) 屬於大環內酯（Macrolide）類的抗生素，當大環內酯與細菌的核糖體 50S 亞基（50S ribosome）進行可逆結合，可阻止細菌的蛋白質生物合成，從而阻礙 tRNA 的轉移；這種作用是制菌性的，但在高濃度下亦有殺菌的效用。

紅黴素的主要副作用是胃部不適，包括拉肚子（腹瀉）或嘔吐，其副作用的機制和題目選項(C)中所描述的細胞膜通透性無關，主要是因為紅黴素也是蠕動素受體促進劑 (motilin receptor agonists)，能激活膽鹼性神經元 (Cholinergic neurons) ，促進腸胃道蠕動性收縮。至於選項(D)中的四環黴素 (tetracycline) 屬於多環聚酮類的抗生素，主要是由鏈黴菌屬放線菌門細菌所產生；四環黴素會連結到細菌 30S 核糖體 (ribosome) 的 16S 核糖體核糖核酸 (rRNA)上，進一步抑制核醣體與轉運核糖核酸 (tRNA) 間的結合，進而抑制轉譯過程中多肽鏈的增長，因此其抑菌的作用機制主要是和抑制蛋白質合成有關，這與題目選項(D)中所描述降低 DNA 旋轉酶並抑制 DNA 合成的作用機制無關，故也屬於不恰當的選項之一。因此，C，D 皆為正確答案。

修正正確答案為【C】或【D】

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慈濟大學

生物學

11

G1 期是細胞生長的時期，細胞的代謝活化並製造進入 S 期的所需蛋白質。

蛋白質的合成主要是透過轉錄及轉譯，相對於 S 期的機制（DNA 複製; DNA replication），RNA 的分子亦在 G1 期扮演重要的角色，轉錄及轉譯機制的運作也需要 RNA 與蛋白質的結合。選項(D)是有關 mitosis 的敘述，mitosis 的結果應該不改變染色體的倍數。因本題是要選最不恰當的選項，故答案仍應維持為 D。

維持原答案

生物學

13

檢體中是否有 RNA 病毒的存在，主要以反轉錄酶－聚合酶鏈鎖反應

（RT-PCR）的技術來做檢測。傳統兩個步驟的 RT-PCR，的確是要先將病毒的 RNA 轉成 cDNA 後再進行 PCR。但是目前已經有 one-tube 或 one-step RT-PCR 的系統，可於同一試管中完成 First-strand cDNA 合成與 PCR 基因定量偵測。因此發展 One-step RT-PCR 的系統除了快速及方便外，更能降低污染產生。故本題最適當之答案仍應維持為 C。

維持原答案

生物學

14

膜過濾是一種與膜孔徑大小相關的篩分過程，以膜為過濾介質，利用膜兩側的壓力差為驅動力的膜分離技術。一般而言，過濾膜的孔徑越小，過濾精度（Accuracy）越高，過濾效能（Efficiency）越好。但是影響過濾精度與過濾效能的因素很多，在目前的材料技術上，要做到有效、方便且經濟的條件下，應用在從細胞培養液的過濾膜以 0.22 μm 為主，主要的原因有:

(1) 過濾膜在相同的孔隙率、材質及面積的情況下，孔徑越小的過濾膜需要較高的壓力，以達到相同的過濾速度與過濾效能;(2) 細胞培養液基本上包含鹽類、胺基酸、維生素等營養物質，過濾膜孔徑小到超微過濾 (nanofiltration, NF)等級時，會阻絕大部分如 Na^＋、Cl^－等的 1 價離子，導致細胞培養液過濾前後的鹽分濃度差異過大。故本題最適當之答案仍應維持為 C。

維持原答案

生物學

16

生長曲線是細菌在一定培養條件下，所表現出的群體規律生長樣態。正常的生長過程包含了 lag phase（遲滯期），exponential/ log phase（對數期），

stationary phase（停滯期），和 death phase（死亡期）等四個階段。本題中的四個答案圖示主要是呈現不同的生長曲線，所以符合上述生長樣態的最適當之答案仍應維持為 A。此外，雖然本題答案圖示的時間軸（X-軸）並未標示其起始點為培養第一天，而圖示的 Y-軸也無刻度的標示（並無標示

負數），因此本題各選項中的生長曲線示意圖會造成誤解的機率較低。

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(12)

慈濟大學

生物學

35

依據題意是指哪一個植物荷爾蒙與對抗病原體感染的化學防禦最相關，這邊提的病原體主要是指病原微生物(pathogens)，而從植物系統性獲得免疫抗性(systemic acquired response)的角度來看，重要誘導的訊息分子為甲基水楊酸 (methylsalicylic acid)，故最相關的答案仍為(D)，至於選項(A)甲基茉莉酸 (methyl-jasmonic acid) 的防禦誘導則與草食性動物或昆蟲啃食後所造成的機械性傷害有關。

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生物學

37

從題意中已說明要找出「高山植物」花色較鮮豔這項特徵最可能的主要「成因」與其「生理學意義」，既然是挑最可能當然答案就只有一個選項(A)，

因為花色鮮豔和類黃酮色素(flavonoids)如花青素累積有關，此類分子亦可協助吸收過量紫外線；至於選項(D)因為光保護(photoprotection)機制應該是說明類胡蘿蔔素(carotenoids)可吸收過多光能以避免傷害葉綠素分子或是降低和氧起反應而產生活性氧分子進而傷害細胞，此光保護機制應不只侷限在高山植物，且和花色鮮艷的最主要成因較無關，反和葉片色素累積有關，

故維持原答案 A。

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生物學

49

食物中的碘攝食後，經由腸道吸收透過血液循環經由甲狀腺濃縮，由無機碘轉變成有機碘，再和甲狀腺球蛋白結合後最終形成甲狀腺素。當長期的碘攝取不足會造成甲狀腺組織代償性的增大。甲狀腺腫的確不會導致缺碘；但是選項（A）中的｢缺碘性甲狀腺腫｣是一個疾病名稱，而非描述缺碘現象。故本題最適當之答案仍應維持為 B。

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生物學

50

有全能性（totipotency）是指有能力分化成人體各組織的幹細胞，並能逐漸發展成一個完整個體。有全能性的幹細胞除了受精卵之外，受精卵在形成胚胎過程中，卵裂至八細胞期前之任一細胞，具有發展成獨立個體的能力，

皆是胚胎幹細胞。故本題最適當之答案仍應維持為 B。

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