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另華人 65 歲以上老年人口的失智 症盛行率約為 1.9~4.4%

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• 計畫中文名稱 台灣地區老人藥物使用之趨勢研究:量、種類與費用之影響因素探討

• 計畫英文名稱 The Trend in Medication Use among the Elderly in Taiwan: Factors Affecting the Quantity, Type, Cost of Medication Use

• 系統編號 PG9511-0135 • 研究性質 應用研究

• 計畫編號 DOH95-TD-D-113-026 • 研究方式 委託研究

• 主管機關 行政院衛生署 • 研究期間 9501 ~ 9512

• 執行機構 台北醫學大學醫學系

• 年度 95 年 • 研究經費 779 千元

• 研究領域 其他(醫)

• 研究人員 薛玉梅,莊坤洋,黃雅莉

• 中文關鍵字 長期照護病人;藥物使用;失能;;;;;

• 英文關鍵字 ;;;;;;;

• 中文摘要

隨著人口的老化,對於身體功能障礙者或有長期照護需求者而言,在醫療保健的需求增加的同時,其服用藥品的種類及數目 亦更複雜化,這些失能者往往有多項慢性病,他們使用門診和住院服務的次數高過其他族群,且往往有需要固定用藥,藥品 服用的數目方面也較其他人高出許多,容易導致醫療資源的浪費及增加社會成本的負擔。另華人 65 歲以上老年人口的失智 症盛行率約為 1.9~4.4%。失智症發生率會隨年齡增加而遽增,以美國相關研究顯示,70 歲以下老年人罹患失智症的發生率 為 2.1%,70~74 歲增加為 3.3%,80 歲以上則提高為 20%。台灣在未來 20 年內 80 歲以上的老老人比率將會大幅提高,意味 著失智症患者的數目也將大幅增長,其照護工作將面臨更重的負擔,他們的藥物資源使用情形如何,更是各界亟需瞭解的議 題。 因此,本研究以一回溯性世代,採用全國長期照護需求評估所得之 10841 位 65 歲以上個案,應用該研究所得地區別、

個案人口學特質、健康特質等資料,連結全民健康保險資料庫之住院、門診藥品費用明細等資料。本研究將根據與失智症相 關等18項國際疾病分類號(ICD-9-CM)定義,將所得健保資料依個案失智症與否進行比較,瞭解國內社區失能老人具失 智症診斷與無失智症診斷兩部分研究個案之住院、門診藥品費用情形,及影響藥品使用之相關因素。 社區失智與非失智老 人之門診及住院藥品使用費用趨勢:住院部分,無論藥費、醫療費用、申請費用金額,兩組個案均可見長期漸增趨勢,而失 智症者更明顯高於一般社區老人約 1.2~1.5 倍;門診部分,無論用藥明細金額、合計金額、申請金額,兩組個案均可見長期 漸增趨勢,而失智症者更明顯高於一般社區老人約 1.5~2.3 倍。 失智症患者部份 2001 年資料顯示, (1)隨教育程度增加,門 診、住院用藥均漸增,2003 年也可見類似結果; (2)無認知功能障礙者門診用藥明細較認知功能障礙者高,且在 2002、2003

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年皆有類似結果, (3)男性住院藥物使用費用(藥費、醫療費用)均較女性為高,而且在 2002、2003 年均有一致結論,值得 關注。 (4)客家省籍住院部分,住院醫療費用較外省人、福佬人高,而且在 2002、2003 年均有一致結論。 (5) 2001 年門診用 藥明細金額、住院藥費隨收入增加而增加。但在 2002 年、2003 則無類似結果。 關鍵字:失智症、老人、門診藥費、住院藥 費

• 英文摘要

Objective: To compare the inpatient and outpatient health care and pharmacy expenditure from National Health Insurance program between dementia and non-dementia elderly from 2001 Jan to 2003 Dec. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: 204 towns、

villages and areas in Taiwan. Participants: the final 18041 community elderly classified as with long tern care demand from

“ National need assessment for long term care” who finished the second stage questionaire interview during 2001.Jan to 2003 Jan.

Method: The inpatient and outpatient health care and pharmacy expenditure variables from National Health Insurance program and questionaire items involving health status, demographic characterastics which obtained from the 18041 elderly were linked by personal identification number. Demetia classification was based on the 18 related ICD-9-CM codes Results: Inpatient health care related expendituetiure of dementia subjects were significant higher than non-dementia subjects, and about 1.2 to 1.5 folds compared with non-dementia subjects. Outpatient health care related expendituetiure of dementia subjects were significant higher than

non-dementia subjects, and about 1.5 to 2.3 folds compared with non-dementia subjects. In the dementia subjects, there were several findings. First, both inpatient and outpatient pharmacy expenditure increased as educational level raised. Second ,outpatient pharmacy expenditure of cognitive dysfunction elderly were significantly higher than those with normal cognitive function. Third ,inpatient pharmacy expenditure of male were significantly higher than the female. Forth, inpatient health care expenditure for the Hakka

population was the highest . Key words:Dementia、the elderly、inpatient pharmacy expenditure 、outpatient pharmacy expenditure

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