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太陽能電池安裝角度與電能輸出之研究

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圖 1  太陽能電池之等效電路  一、前  言  太陽能電池製造由於技術上的精進,使其成本逐漸降 低,或因火力發電環境的汙染、地球溫度上昇的因素,使 太陽能電池的應用有增加的趨勢。太陽能電池的使用目前 有小功率商品之電源與無線通訊基地台、道路照明與監 視、交通號誌等電力系統,未來將擴及住宅和工商業大樓 之電力系統[1]。太陽能電池在先進國家已有漸漸發展的趨 勢,主要是政府大力推廣,支持家庭興建太陽能電池屋頂。 太陽能電池發電之優點為其與市電並聯可以提高電力品 質、發電不足時可向電力公司購電、發電過剩時可賣給
圖 5  台灣地區太陽能電池的溫度變化  圖 6  太陽能電池電力與日照強度及模組溫度的關係  圖 7  固定式太陽能電池之電能與傾斜角度的關係  1.  太陽能電池電力與日照及模組溫度的關係  太陽由日出升至中天,假設此時日照強度之變化由 0 至 100mW/cm 2 , 當太陽能電池模組溫度在 T1(30 ) ℃ 與 T2(55 ) ℃ 時,其電力輸出模擬結果如圖 6 所示。由圖 6 可發 現,當日照強度愈大時太陽能電池之電力愈大,模組溫度愈 高時則電力愈小,在中天時分別為 82.68W 與 74.35

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