Classification framework in the organization and presentation of the application of knowledge

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Classification framework in the organization and presentation of the

application of knowledge

The Application of Classification Structures in Knowledge Organization and Representation

Qiu Ziheng Tzu-heng Chiu

Taiwan University, Institute of Library and Information Science PhD candidate

Ph D. Candidate, Department of Library and Information Science, National Taiwan University

tzchiu@mail.lis.ntu.edu.tw Abstract

Classification is I see the world view, also reflects the view of the world class table editor. Editors interested in the phenomena and their mutual relationship between the phenomenon presented in context, to provide description, explanation, prediction, aesthetics, and the generation of new knowledge and so on. This organization is not equal to knowledge in the literature under the premise of the organization, first of all clarify the classification of the meaning of meaning and knowledge organization, and then address the classification and presentation of knowledge and organizational relationship, and then compare the academic library of information developed over the years by various categories ability to present knowledge structure. Only by understanding the characteristics of the various classification framework can we know its shortcomings make the best use of its advantages.

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Keywords: hierarchical structure, knowledge organization, knowledge representation

Abstract

Classification is a way of seeing the world. In a classification scheme, phenomena of interest are represented in a context of relationships that provide description,

explanation, prediction, heuristics, and the generation of new knowledge. Knowing that information organization isn't equal to knowledge organization, the author first defines the scope of classification and knowledge organization, and then describes the relationship between the classification and the representation and organization of knowledge. At the end, four kinds of classification structures are compared to show their abilities in representing knowledge. In order to utilize these classification structures, it is very important to understand their advantages and disadvantages.

Keywords: Classification Structure, Knowledge Organization, Knowledge Representation

I. Preface

Ever, the world as forerunners and predecessors such as Plato, Aristotle, Park Erfei Li (Porphyry), Roger. Bacon (Roger Bacon), Francis.

Bacon (Francis Bacon), Kant (Auguste Comte), Confucius, Mo Zi, Cheng Yi, Zheng Qiao, have to look for in an order for the universe (order).

They believe that a detailed knowledge of the exact classification can help humans understand the universe of endless mystery.

(Note 1) WS Jevons believes that: "All ideas on the name or concept and reasoning, are formed by the classification of activities." That any new idea, only when its association with existing knowledge, it may become a new knowledge. That is when the information has been structured to promote a knowledge. Therefore, concepts, information, knowledge, and classification are essentially linked.

(Note 2)

Famous American educator John Dewey that even further:

"Classification is the knowledge (all knowledge is classification)".

(Note 3) and classification methods used to organize human knowledge of the main purpose is to help individuals achieve the memory on the economy, and thus can more easily retrieve

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information and to describe and construct the relationship between similar objects, but also with concise way to show these

relationships. (Note 4)

Classification of objects can be abstract concepts, it may be a specific object, so when the object of classification is "knowledge"

when we call the activities of knowledge classification. For a long time, knowledge is defined as thinking human society, facts,

experiences, emotions and so the aggregate, and its will the endless expansion. The Library and Information Schools traditionally are used to dealing with books or literature, can be said to record the human society of knowledge (recorded knowledge). (5) Organization of the contents of the document is a review of the literature formal process, that is, the entire sequence of the literature, composition, coding, marking, conversion, and enrichment activities. However, information organization "literature" as the basic unit of expression, measurement, and evaluation of knowledge, and knowledge of the library can not really reflect the accumulation, storage, and the reader amount of knowledge acquired from the library. Because the direct promotion of social development knowledge, but knowledge of literature is the carrier of knowledge and although the close relationship between literature, but this does not mean that you can replace the knowledge of literature. (Note 6)

In this paper, this literature does not mean that knowledge organization organized under the premise, first expounded the significance of classification and knowledge of the meaning of

organization, and then address the classification and presentation of knowledge and organizational relationship, and then compare the academic library of information developed over the years present knowledge of the various classification framework ability. Of the literature in this area is not more than the original, plus I rush to the text, inevitably ill-conceived idea; but in all walks of life vigorously agony and "knowledge" about to become mankind's most important competitive asset occasion, this question is indeed worth exploring area.

Two, the classification of the significance

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Classification (classification) is a logic-related disciplines, is very common behavior in daily life, the abstract refers to a different object or entity (object / entities) distinction, or similar object to the activities of gathering. (Note 7) classification can be defined as: the relationship between objects based on their ranking group activities, and these relationships can be visible, you can guess from the.

(Note 8) and the Indian Library Scientists Satija's view, should be considered in the current literature for the "Category" is the word most inclusive definition, it considers: Category is a name (naming), definitions (defining), analysis (analysis ), induction (generalization), difference (discrimination), identifying (distinguishing), modeling (pattern- making), sorting (sorting), screening (filtering), delimitation (demarcating), segmentation (separating), individualized (individualizing ), identification (identifying), classification (categorizing), grouping (grouping), matching (matching), select (selecting), sampling (sampling), arrangement (arranging), ordering (ordering), classification (grading) ranking (ranking), association (correlating), list (tabulating), with (mapping), design (designing), structured (structuring), Harmonic (coordinating), organization (organizing), control (controlling) the performance of such activities made concept. (Note 9)

In addition, the types (categories) is closely related with the

classification of an abstract concept, which is used to render objects of material and spiritual world as a tool. More precisely, in the classification theory, the type of analysis and organization are seen as objects, phenomena, and knowledge tools. (Note 10)

taxonomists use the "types" this tool to perform the following three activities: (Note 11)

1. Design, planning, and construction of the index language or knowledge systems, such as classification systems, thesauri, knowledge taxonomy (taxonomies), etc.;

2. Modification and a detailed description of classification;

3. Evaluation and analysis of the index language and conceptual system.

Therefore, members of the classification and indexing are concerned, the concept for a theme type of process.

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The "classification" is a category and type of the specific operation of the two concepts under the by-product, which is to understand the situation, simplified, economic, and aesthetic expression as a tool. (12) classification features include: (Note 13)

1. Identify the phenomenon of interest (or concept), and its name;

2. These phenomena (or concepts) in accordance with the rules systematically disaggregated;

3. Construct a framework to reflect these phenomena (or concepts) relationship.

From this, the concept of classification is not just to show up, the more is the concept of a systematic way to organize and form ordered. The role of classification is the relationship between concepts and concepts to provide descriptive and explanatory framework, so the concept can be said to be trying to build the relationships between, to present the knowledge.

It created a classification to organize the world's knowledge, in order to communicate effectively with the use of such knowledge.

Classification framework to provide an explanation so that people from the perspective of the established areas look at the world situation, so that a classification is not only based on theory and useful presentation to reflect the knowledge, theory in itself has the function, that is, its not only for explanatory , concise, and elegant way to describe the knowledge, and help generate new knowledge.

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Reference, the meaning of knowledge organization

"Knowledge" is I used to solve the problem of awareness and skills of the portfolio, which includes theoretical and practical, the general rule of life, and action guide.

Knowledge is based data and information, but it is indeed closely related with the individual, which is constructed by individuals and on behalf of the person on the causal

relationship between belief (15), so we can be said to constitute the five elements of knowledge : personal

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experience, the truth, to judge, intuition, and values.

(Note 16) According to Davenport and Prusak's view, to be turned into information from the data level, the need for contextualization, categorization, calculation, revised, and the enrichment 5C (contextualized, categorized, calculated, corrected, condensed) increase value activities (Note 17), and from information and then transformed into the level of knowledge, you need to have more, known to cause and effect, association, and exchange 4C (comparison,

consequences, connections, conversation) Value-added.

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"Organization" the word can be interpreted as a noun or a verb, noun organization (organization) is something the existence of an orderly way, that things in the internal relationship between

structure and function in accordance with certain form of existence, it is a system; and Organization as a verb (organize), then is the thing toward space, time, or the functional evolution of ordered structure, that is, organization, organized chaos means that things move from the orderly structure of disordered the direction of evolution, or to order from the low order direction of a high degree of evolution. (19) Thus, "organization" can be said to be messy concepts or objects in order, into a useful whole process of the ultimate purpose is to facilitate the search. And Professor He Guangguo that "organization is power", here refers to the so-called power to bring the final order by the organization, efficiency, and cost effectiveness. (20)

The object of knowledge organization is a "knowledge unit", the current knowledge unit for a more representative view there are two types of knowledge that it is not the basic unit of decomposition is to constitute the smallest system, the basic elements of knowledge;

other that its knowledge at different levels, from a group of

relatively independent units. Scholars believe that this fact does not contradict the face kind of knowledge, because "no

decomposition," the smallest unit has a relative, knowledge hierarchy, and composition of the knowledge unit of volume size and attribute the difference. (21) and the knowledge unit has the following four specific properties: (22)

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1. Multidimensional - that is, each knowledge unit can be with other knowledge unit through a variety of image attributes, relationships connected;

2. Division and sex - that element of the decomposition of knowledge and can be combined, and is in accordance with the existing elements of composition and decomposition of the fixed structure of knowledge on rehabilitation of the combined unit;

3. Reorganization of - before a feature, a direct result of the restructuring of the knowledge unit may, in accordance with a practical need for the innovative elements of reorganization and restructuring, the result is to produce new knowledge units, or new knowledge unit collection;

4. Regeneration - means the use of existing knowledge

generated through the combination of renewable re-thinking of new knowledge.

Knowledge organization is based on knowledge consolidation and exchange activities as research areas, it relates to the knowledge of the production, transmission, absorption, and the use of such links.

Therefore, the knowledge organization is on the order of knowledge, processing, said the acquisition, and utilization of a series of

theories and methods of control behavior, all the methods of organizational knowledge, technology, and capability combined.

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Scholars from mainland China and Li Jing Jiang Yongfu are made seven specific knowledge organization, namely: knowledge

representation, knowledge restructuring, knowledge clustering, knowledge deposit check, knowledge editing, knowledge of layout, and knowledge monitoring. (24), in which clustering and knowledge representation and knowledge of issues explored in this article are most relevant. "Knowledge Representation" refers to the

knowledge carriers and knowledge in the knowledge factors

associated with that out so that people recognize and understand the knowledge. Knowledge representation is the basis for

knowledge organization, because any knowledge organization methods that must be established on the basis of knowledge.

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Under which can be further subdivided into subjective knowledge and objective knowledge of that, the former being stored in the human brain, its neural representation is a complex physiological and psychological process; while the latter exists in all types of literature, hence the objective knowledge representation is to the literature of knowledge and knowledge factors associated with a certain way that out, now commonly used in the academic library information classification and subject headings to reveal the subject content of documents. (25) and "knowledge cluster", also known as the Organic Law of knowledge classification is the clustering of knowledge according to certain standards of different categories to cluster and ordering process. The basic principle is that Like

attracts like, something that according to different attributes, the attribute the same or similar things in focus, the attributes of different things separately, in general the standard of their clustering can be divided into: subject, theme concepts, people, uses, time and space and so on. (26)

Wantonly, classification and knowledge representation and organization

Classification is not a discovery, but a creative activity. Its purpose is to reach some sort of creation, there is no classification of the so- called good or bad category, but only with the purpose of the

classification of related or unrelated. For example: cattle on the scientists may be a mammal, while the farmer who is a partner to help farming, so people with the knowledge and prior experience to design a good classification system is very important. (27)

Constructed by the Mendeleyev's "chemical periodic table" is a good example. Periodic Table of Elements is not only systematic, logical, evidence of ways to explain the fact that chemical elements, their academic development in the chemical, more high value. In the nineteenth century, knowledge of chemistry (including chemical elements, attributes, and their behavior) grow very fast, resulting in a large number were from the independent factual information (facts), an urgent need to find out the order by category and associated . The clutter of factual information, including the

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relevance of the element properties, atomic weight, atomic weight, etc., that there was already a lot of knowledge about the chemical elements. 1869, Mendeleyev first proposed a chemical element by atomic reordering, to show the properties of the periodic changes in the table. In terms of classification terms, is the object of interest (ie, chemical elements), according to significant features (ie, atomic weight) to classify, to produce a rule-based model. Later, chemists have gradually made a similar classification, and this despite the periodic table after many changes, but its content remains little changed. (See Figure 1) (Note 28)

【Fig 1】 chemical periodic table

According to Kaplan's view, theory is a symbolic construction, with access to supposedly immersive experience can be perceived function. In other words, theory can explain not only the United States in its existing facts, but also to explain the facts that have not yet discovered. The Periodic Table of Elements is the case, the element in the periodic table of the location not only reflects its own characteristics, but also reveals the element and chemical aspects of other new knowledge. For example, chemists have found that later re-sort the elements by atomic table, in the same column or the same column with some common property elements. Moreover, there exists an element based on the regularity between the

knowledge, chemists can also predict the existence of new chemical elements. Therefore, this classification is not only a clear

understanding of people of a certain element in the table, but also can help people understand the world of the chemical elements.

This is the ordering and structure of the magic, it not only confirmed the previously known knowledge of people, but also predict the unknown knowledge. (29)

Wu, various classification schemes ability to present knowledge

Knowledge is how to gather, then shaped into a powerful

presentation? This of course includes many of the process, but

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"classification" is often a very important one. Category experience is meaningful to a cluster activities, the discovery, analysis, and theoretical knowledge and a good tool. Once the concept has been gathered, but the relationship is established between the concepts, classification on a presentation to communicate, explore, and more knowledge of the tools. Therefore, a good classification scheme to link the concept of useful structure. If successful, it not only with an explanatory, there are aesthetic, and fruitful, and both elegant, concise, and sound and other features. (30)

The classification scheme of the articles are arranged into different structures, which will reflect different knowledge. (31) following more hierarchical (hierarchies), tree (trees), matrix (paradigms), and the level of type (faceted Analysis) framework such as the four categories, indicating their advantages and disadvantages when used to show knowledge and ability .

First, hierarchical classification structure

Pure and complete hierarchical classification structure exists only in the ideal, but there is theoretical basis for the knowledge areas (such as health sciences or biology pathogenic theory of evolution), class type is to present the best of its knowledge classification framework . Its structure has very strict requirements are as follows:

1. Umbrella (Inclusiveness) - the structure covers the top

category is the most widely used category, but its description of the whole field of knowledge;

2. Species difference of (Species / differentia) - that is between the lower and upper category is only one kind of relationship is "is-a" relationship;

3. Succession (Inheritance) - which has the characteristics of the top categories, the lower will be the heirs of the category;

4. Transfer of (Transitivity) - that is, all the sub-category is a member of the upper layer of categories is also a member of its category on the upper;

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5. Associated with the difference between the systematic and predictable rules (Systematic and predictable rules for association and distinction) - that is, all objects in the same class with the same predictable characteristics, and its other neighbors with the same level categories should be different characteristics with predictable;

6. Mutually exclusive (Mutual exclusivity) - that an object can only belong to one category;

7. Necessary and sufficient standard (Necessary and sufficient criteria) - that is one thing to have a necessary characteristic, it can be classified as a category.

And because the above properties, hierarchical classification structure used to represent knowledge in the following five

advantages: 1) showing a complete and comprehensive information (Complete and comprehensive information); 2) and labeled with the

inherited economy (Inheritance and economy of notation); 3) with the inference of (Inference); 4) can be clearly defined (Real definitions) of various objects; and 5) showing a high level and all-round view (High-level view and holistic perspective). However, the use of this structure may have the following issues: 1) multiple levels (Multiple hierarchies); 2) multiple and diverse standards (Multiple and diverse criteria); 3) lack of complete knowledge (Lack of complete and

comprehensive knowledge ) is difficult to construct; 4) the size of objects is not the same time (Differences of scale) is difficult to construct; 5) Sometimes, some items is the lack of transfer of (Lack of

transitivity); and 6) category, the rules are too rigid (Rules for class inclusion are too strict). Therefore, not all areas of knowledge are suitable for use hierarchical structure to present. (Note 32)

In conclusion, the hierarchical classification structure is very suitable for showing the knowledge areas have been developed, especially when the objects in the field of various types of rigid boundary and the relationship between the time very clearly. (33) from the object position in the classification structure similar to those found in nature, direct observation of objects than the

similarity found itself even more significant in theory. When a new object in the hierarchical classification structure can not be found in

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the right position, I can then determine in the end is the object of observation is not correct, or whether the classification system itself is not perfect and need further amendment. So, a sound

hierarchical classification structure can be used to identify certain areas of knowledge gaps, and then to verify the theory's

explanatory power of the existing states. (34) and therefore reflects the theory of hierarchical classification structure will not only help users to seek and verify the theory, the more likely further to create new knowledge.

Second, the tree classification structure (35)

Tree structure based on specific rules (specific rules for distinction) to distinguish and divide the class, but different from the hierarchical classification structure is that the categories and subcategories have no property inheritance relationship, ie in Tree Although the structure of the systematic relations between objects, but no species (is-a) relationship. For example, in the "General 

Lieutenant-colonel  Lieutenant  NCO  soldiers "of the tree, the command chain (chain of command), or who reports to whom (who is reported to whom) on which the classification of its rules, so the relationship between class and lower class is the general command lieutenant-colonel , lieutenant-colonel to general report, but not a general staff-officer.

Tree structure is also used to show inter-object "part / whole (part / whole)" The relationship, which is the next class is an integral

element of the class. For example: in and not a Taipei County, Taipei County, a part of it; and not a Taipei County, Taiwan, but a part of Taiwan Province. Therefore, the ability of knowledge from the present perspective, the most suitable tree classification

structure between objects of a particular show or relative, the ratio of hierarchical classification structure is much more flat in structure, but also because of the lack of succession and a common

characteristics within each level of the performance of knowledge can not as hierarchical classification structure is so rich.

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Structurally, the tree classification structure must comply with the formal requirements of the following three: 1) the need for complete and comprehensive information (Complete and comprehensive

information); 2) the need for systematic and predictable rules of Distinction (Systematic and predictable rules for distinction); 3) required construction of pre-determined categories in the order (Citation order).

Classification structure used to represent the tree of knowledge has the following three advantages: 1) to highlight and display objects of a particular level, the relationship between (Highlight / display

relationship of interest); 2) to show the distance between objects (Distance ); 3) The object appeared to show the relative frequency (Relative frequency of entities), Ke Yi require further subdivided or combined objects. But so, use this framework to present knowledge, the question may arise as follows: 1) structural rigidities (Rigidity); 2) will only show one-way relationship between objects (One-way flow of information);, and 3) only presents a selective view (Selective perspective).

In conclusion, construction of tree classification framework, the need to complete the knowledge and understanding of the field, or a particular level in the field of knowledge is very familiar. Moreover, while good at showing the tree structure of object classification in a lower level of the relative position, but showed the same level in the sub-class in terms of the correlation between the ability of very insufficient, and the tree can only support part of the inference . Therefore, if I only object to a particular relationship between the interest in tree classification structure is suitable for rendering such knowledge.

Third, the matrix classification structure (36)

Classification structure in the matrix, the object also described by two characteristics. That is, the characteristics of each of two selected axis, cross-plotted table, and the intersection of the box in which the fill complies with the conditions of the object. In Figure 2, for example, its based on "blood" and "gender" as a present

relationship of the two traits, in this matrix shows in English and Polish on the title of relatives. We can clearly understand this, both

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between parents and siblings is roughly the same concept, but the Poles apparently parents, brother and parents, siblings and children of the title, use more terms. (See Figure 2) we know that matrix classification structure must follow the following three requirements:

1) the performance of two-way class relations (Two-way hierarchical relationship); 2) two-axis representing the two characteristics of

interest (Axes represent two attributes of interest); 3) the intersection of the grid may be empty, may have multiple objects (Cells may be empty or may have more than one entity).

【Fig 2】 classification structure matrix

I can use the following form, with the classification structure to render the matrix or the creation of knowledge:

1. Name (Naming) - Matrix classification structure of the term often used to do. Involves naming context, religion, and occupation and other factors, so this classification framework can not only learn about the people named on the object model is an effective analytical tool.

2. Difference and no difference (Distinction and lack of distinction) - classification structure matrix can show the intersection of these two characteristics distinguish whether the ability of objects, such as in English "blood" and "gender" for parents and children on hand, foot and no difference between power, so are known as the cousin.

3. Of similar or different patterns (Patterns of similarity and difference) - Matrix classification structure is also a tool for knowledge discovery, if the intersection of the grid in the two characteristics of objects can be well named, it means that such a classification is important .

4. Blank check (Empty cells) - Matrix classification structure in space, provides people with an opportunity for reflection, I can thus review: in the end because of this notion that there is some lack of respect? Selected classification or not good enough?

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However, the use of matrix-type classification scheme to present knowledge, but inevitably there will be the following restrictions: 1) the need to have knowledge in the field (Requires knowledge of domain);

2) limited perspective (Limited perspective); and 3) limited explanatory power (Limited explanatory power).

To sum up, Matrix-style classification scheme is a good tool for knowledge discovery, which shows the location of the intersection of the two traits in the end there are no objects in existence, and the object's name. Classification structure matrix can be used in the distribution of objects in space terms, to compare and demonstrate the knowledge in the field of pattern (patterns) and anomalies

(anomalies). Classification structure of the matrix strength lies in its visual presentation of, clearly pointed out the need for further analysis and interpretation of the place. However, in order to properly select the characteristics of the two axes, to construct classification structure matrix requires knowledge of the area or some of the guiding principles, and because only selected two traits, so that classification structure into a matrix or part of biased

knowledge representation.

Fourth, level of classification structure

Level of analysis, I believe the idea is rooted in a different

perspective of the human world. Level of classification structure is not essentially different from the presentation of a framework for the classification process but adopted a different approach, its biggest challenge is how flexible and inclusive emerging new phenomenon. Indian Library Scientists Ranganathan is the earliest level of theory, his view that any complex object can be

decomposed into several level, he proposed that five basic dimensions of the main (Personality), material (Matter) , capacity (Energy), space (Space), and time (Time). Although the level of

classification after the law was not mentioned by the five Nguyen level, but level of re-combination of steps is roughly the same. (37) Art and Architecture Thesaurus (The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, referred to as AAT) is the application level, the theme of building the

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language (subject languages) example. Clearly, the human material culture is all-embracing and changing constantly, each from a different culture, this point of view, its applications have different views, and the future, as technology and civilization, progress, will appear more should be more coverage of this index code, but now the object has not yet been created. Therefore, AAT- dimensional structure as the most appropriate choice. (38) of the AAT, including seven levels and 40 classes, the seven dimensions are:

relevance of the concept (Associated concepts facet), physical

characteristics (Physical attributes facet), style and period (Styles and periods facet) , the actors / agents (Agents facet), such as the Society, associations, corporations, etc., activities (Activities facet), materials (Materials facet), and objects (Object facet). (39)

Scholars generally believe that the level of classification structure is the most modern pace of knowledge development (such as fast- growing, interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and other

characteristics) of the classification scheme. Because of its knowledge without integrity (Does not require complete knowledge), inclusive and strong (Hospitable), flexibility (Flexibility), articulate (Expressiveness), without a solid theory (Does not require a strong theory), can also show a variety of theoretical framework and model (Can accommodate a variety of theoretical structure and models), as well as multi- perspective rendering (Multiple perspectives) and other features, which can be said to be the best tool for organizational knowledge.

However, the level of classification structure used in the present and the creation of knowledge, has the following limitations: 1) to

establish the appropriate level is difficult (Difficulty of establishing appropriated facets); 2) the lack of correlation between levels of (Lack of relationships among facets); and 3) visual performance is difficult

(Difficulty of visualization). Nevertheless, the classification level of analytical framework is still ongoing rapid development, because it allows people without the knowledge of mature or stable basis, you can still use some systematic way of organizing knowledge. The current advances in information technology, in time will be able to develop a multi-dimensional vector showed the way, but in the help of computer-aided system, the human will can-dimensional structure

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of the classification model and identify anomalies for further discovery of new knowledge. (Note 40)

In conclusion, the level of classification structure is not only flexible in structure, but if careful construction, which can effectively

present knowledge. So when we face new, or do not have enough theoretical basis of knowledge, or knowledge in this area are

complex and need to describe the characteristics of multi-vector, or the progress of knowledge is fast, the level of classification structure is the best option. (41)

Lu, Conclusion

The object of knowledge organization can be an abstract idea, it could be a specific object, but the complexity of the world we live in, when in the analysis of each object has many aspects of

consideration. For example, the "French Revolution" can simply use a series of events by the time to organize, also from the history of the neighboring countries, on the French people, or the arts and culture and the impact of organizational point of view but also from the ideological, as well as its achievements, or the causes and results of analysis. Therefore, any object or concept of "world-all"

category is very difficult. (42)

In addition, the object variability, which can be physical or abstract concept, or even fuzzy borders, or in continuous time and space on stage, these features should be organized by object classification become more challenging. (43), especially when the knowledge is carried in the literature when the type of carrier (ie, when presented in the form of explicit knowledge), the literature features (such as documentary subject, form) no longer is doing the only classification consider the standard, the study found situational factors (such as the use of literature), holding the degree of importance.

Implications of this discovery is that explicit knowledge in the design of organizational systems, if you can master the knowledge of the situation in the context of being used for classification system design will be of great help. (44)

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In short, classification is I see the world perspective, it reflects the view of the world class table editor. Editors interested in the

phenomenon and its relationship between the phenomenon

presented in context, to provide description, explanation, prediction, aesthetics, and the generation of new knowledge and so on. The classification can be complex, it can be simple; it can be

informative, it can be hesitant to reveal information; it can be elegant and simple, it can be difficult to understand. Some class table is fairly flexible to reflect the knowledge, to discover new knowledge of the purpose, whereas some type table is rigid and crushed the weak and can not load new knowledge. Therefore, we must understand the characteristics of the various classification framework, so be aware of shortcomings in the use of the premise of its advantages. (45)

1. Explanatory Note

He Guangguo. He Guangguo. Library and information

organization principles. Library and information organization principles. (Taipei: San Min, China 79), pages 81-95. (Taipei:

San Min, China 79), pages 81-95.

MP Satija. "Classification: some fundamentals, some myths, some realities." Knowledge Organization 25: 1-2 (1998): 32.

MP Satija. "Classification: some fundamentals, some myths, some realities." Knowledge Organization 25: 1 -2 (1998): 32.

With the former note. With the former note.

Sherry Koshman. "Categorization and classification revisited: a review of concept in library science and cognitive psychology."

Current Studies in Librarianship Spring / Fall 1993: 28. Sherry Koshman. "Categorization and classification revisited: a review of concept in library science and cognitive psychology.

"Current Studies in Librarianship Spring / Fall 1993: 28.

Mohinder P. Satija. "Library classification: an essay in terminology." Knowledge Organization 27: 4 (2000): 222.

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Lihong Xuan, MA group. Lihong Xuan, MA group. "Three types of knowledge organization perspective." "Three types of knowledge organization perspective." Journal of Library Science, 2001, No. 5, page 12. China Society for Library Science, 2001, No. 5, page 12.

With Note 5, page 222. With Note 5, page 222.

With note 4, page 26. With note 4, page 26.

Mario Guido Barite. "The notion of 'Category': its implications in subject analysis and in the construction and evaluation of indexing languages." Knowledge Organization 27: 1-2 (2000):

5. Mario Guido Barite. "The notion of ' Category ': its

implications in subject analysis and in the construction and evaluation of indexing languages. "Knowledge Organization 27: 1-2 (2000): 5.

With the former note, page 6. With the former note, page 6.

Barbara H. Kwasnik. "The role of classification structures in reflecting and building theory." In Advances in Classification Research, Volume III. (Medford, NJ: Learned Information, Inc., For the American Society for Information Science, c1993), 63 . With the former note, page 63.

G. Probst, S. Raub, and K. Romhardt. Managing Knowledge:

building blocks for success. (Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2000), 24.

RC Huseman and JP Goodman, JP "The emergence and growth of the knowledge economy" in Leading with knowledge: the nature of competition in the 21 st century. (Thousand Oaks:

Sage, 1999), 108-113.

With the former note, p. 106.

With note 16, page 108.

Ruanming Shu. "The theme of knowledge economy."

Information in the 21st Century Science and Technology Conference Proceedings, Taipei County, people 90 years in November 29-30, Shih Hsin University, Department of Information and Communication Code, page 351.

With Note 1, page 57.

Xu Rongsheng. "Unit of knowledge early on." Library Journal,

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2001, No. 7, page 2.

With the former note, p. 4-5.

Man Shao Li, Lilin Hua, Li Hongxuan. "As a discipline of

knowledge organization." Library and Information Work, 2001 No. 5, page 22.

Jiang Yongfu, Li Jing is. "On the Knowledge Organization."

China Society for Library Science, 2001, No. 1, page 3.

With the former note, p. 3-4.

With note 24, p. 4-5.

With note 13, p. 67-69.

Barbara H. Kwasnik. "The role of classification in knowledge representation and discovery." Library Trends 48:1 (1999): 24.

With Note 30, pages 24-30.

Toni Petersen. "Developing a new thesaurus for art and Architecture." Library Trends 38:4 (1990): 654.

Barbara H. Kwasnik. "The importance of factors that are not document attributes in the organisation of personal

documents." Journal of Documentation 47:4 (1991): 389.

With Note 30, page 46