當代美國課程史上的一個重要里程碑—1918年《中等教育基本原則》述評

ѿѕఀىᏰѐ! ಑έΪΞ෈! 3122ԑ9Т! ॲ214.237! !

࿋фछ୽፞แѬΰޟΙএ१ौ٨แ࿬ȋ!

1918ԑȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯक़ຟ!

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᎒ҝধ!

ᇃѕѿҳఀىσᏰఀىᏰف cyc@tmue.edu.tw ! !

㐀ġ 天

! ! ! ҏМоछ୽Ӓ୽ఀىڞོȶϛ้ఀى१ಢۏষོȷȂငϤԑᄂӴ፡ࢥȂܻ2:29ԑ ϴҀޟȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯ࣏к໅Ȃఄक़Ԫൢ֙ਪܚ७ᄇޟޥོ૕๜ᇄఀى୰ᚠȇ ڏԩȂ၏ಠങक़ൢ֙ਪϞϱৠσौȂᇳ݂ڏоҕк࣏ఀى۠ԟȃΜএкौҬ኿࣏ϛ้ ఀىޟஅҏনࠌȂٮ࡚ដоᆣӫϛᏰ࣏ϛ้Ᏸਮޟ኿ྥ࠮ԒȄശࡣȂϷݙԪൢ֙ਪޟ ᐣѬཎဎȂٮຟ፣ڏᄇ࿋ਢఀىܚඪюޟ၌ؚ๊౱Ȃ෈૖ඪټࣺᜰޟ፞แ׽८Ϟ୤ՃȄ! ! ᜰᗤຠȈȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯȃ໌؏кဎఀىၼଢ଼ȃ፞แѬ!! !

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An Important Milestone in Curriculum

History of the USA:

Analysis of the Cardinal Principles of

Secondary Education Issued in 1918

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Yu-Ching Cheng

Taipei Municipal University of Education cyc@tmue.edu.tw

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Abstract

! ! This article focuses on the Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education which was announced by the report of commission on the reorganization of Secondary Education appointed by the National Education Association after 5 years field surveyed in 1918. Firstly, the social milieu and difficulties encountered at that time are stated. Secondly, the subject matters in this article are to describe the contents of that report to explicate the education should be guided by a clear conception of the meaning of democracy. The seven main objectives of education should be the basic principles of secondary education and the comprehensive high school as the standard secondary school is highly suggested. Finally, the author will analyze the historical meanings of that report and take it as a good lesson for addressing the new policy to sort out the educational problems in that time and reconsider the implication about the education reform.

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KeywordȈ Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education, history of curriculum, progressive education movement

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1 ‹⃳怄㴰昌⍇㛔怠冱⽭天䘬屉䓊㡅ẞ旸⇞炻1824 ⸜ℐ⚳⎒㚱 365,000 Ṣ㚱㈽䤐㪲炻1828 ⸜⡆≈军 1,155,340 Ṣ炻婒㖶Ḯ㖑㛇伶⚳㗗屜㕷军ᶲ䘬䩳㱽㪲⚳⭞(Gutek, 1997, p.200)ˤ

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έȃޥོᡐ᎐ᘗσϛ้Ᏸਮ፞แᇄኄσڧఀޱᄂሬሯؑ໢ޟᝒ१ဣ৯!

! ! ΠΪжकߑȂϛ้ఀى፞แΰޟތដᓍ๿Ᏸਮڙ࡙ޟᘗ஻Ȃኇ៪ቹ७ࡨഀᘗσȂ ఀى׽८ޱೝफ़७ᄇӰဎ୛ఀىݲਰȂՄೝ஼ڙΣᏰޟσ໔ಋҕȂฒݲᎌᔖ༈ಛϛ้ Ᏸਮޟᝒ१୰ᚠ)Dsfnjo-!2:67-!q/22*ȂоЅӰώཾϽՄᆹۨڗ഍ѿޟಀӻཱིΡοȂ ᇄনӑ௥ڧ༈ಛఀىޱᏰಬΰਲ਼ҏޟ৯౴Ȅϛ้Ᏸਮ፞แϱৠᇄఀᏰПݲȂฒݲᅖٗ ᏰҡޟሯؑȂՄᏲमᎅᏰҡРઉቨёȂࣥՍю౪ᝒ१ޟ็ώ୰ᚠȇՄРઉܷᓞޟএΡ

кဎࡦዘȂһࣺᄇएᡗΟఀىڙ࡙РᅚғೣϽᇄ໱ᡝϽ୰ᚠޟᝒ१ܒ)Dsfnjo-!2:67-! qq/:.21*ȇԪѴȂᓍ๿໌؏ఀىၼଢ଼ޟี৤ȂӨ᜸о༈௲Йώଋጛȃ୦ཾᛩ଄ǾǾ้Ȃ ϚӣޟடߞᏰਮિિю౪ࡣȂ؁ٺுᙛཾఀى፞แޟᄂҢቋ঄Ȃϐڧڗኄσတಀܚ१ ຜ)Sfftf-!3112-!qq/31.33*Ȅ! ! ! оΰᆍᆍ୰ᚠᒿᆣፒᚕȂ፝ԃϴҳᏰਮᔖඪټϧቄኺޟҡࣀڷ፞แȂϗ૖ᅖٗ഍ ѿڋ็ޟᏰಬሯौȇϴҳᏰਮᔖ၎׸ᅋϧቄُՓȂϗ૖ಒӫώΡڷᆓ౩໦ቹ)ώኅȃ ᝪൟȃ୦ཾӌཾငᕊ*ޟώཾޥོϞሯौȇ७ᄇӻᆍఊȃӻᇭِޟޥོМϽȂఀىά ࿋ԃդᕊഅӫۣޟϴҕཎᜋȇՄϧቄኺޟ۠ఀቋ঄ᢎȃၾኈᢎڷᆍఊᢎ܈Ȃϗ૖ᅖٗ ܖಒӫӻϯᆍఊМϽޟཱིޥོሯؑ)Hvufl-!2::8-!qq/2::.311*้้Ȃڧڗޥོσಀ ޟᜰݧȂӔԩᐭଔ׽८ޟວؑȄ! ! ! ᙏِϞȂᏰਮԃդӵӻኺȃൃᏃȃ᏿ᔠޟ౪фଢ଼ᄘޥོᕗცϛȂఀོӒᡝϴҕᇯ ᜋछ୽ڷ౪фҡࣀޟᆍᆍޣ૖Ȃڎരᒗҡޟ૖ΨȂԙ࣏يԁޟϴҕȂΝϛ้፞แᇄఀ Ᏸϱৠϛശஅҏޟ୰ᚠȄΡঈ෈ఖᙤҥఀى၌ؚ౪ᄂޥོޟ୰ᚠȂ໌՗१ཱིಢᙑ፞แ ϱৠȃײ൶оЖ౩Ᏸ࣏அᙃޟཱིПݲȂоЅٺ፞แᇄҡࣀڷҕкޥོࣺ೿๖ޟཱིࡦ དȂՄ౰ҡΟछ୽ఀىѬΰ१ौޟ໌؏ఀى׽८ၼଢ଼)Hsffo-!2::1-!q/2:3ȇHsbibn-! 2:78-!q/8ȇUboofs!'!Uboofs-!2::1-!qq/83.84*ȄҏМܚौ௤ଆޟȮϛ้ఀىஅҏ নࠌȯൢ֙ਪȂΝ࣏Ԫఀى׽८ၼଢ଼ϛޟΙӋ१ौМӇȂѺ࢐ఀىώհޱၐყ၌ؚ࿋ ਢϛ้ఀىܚ७ᖝޟ୰ᚠȂ໱ࡦኄઉܚюގޟᄺདਪȄΡঈ१ཱིࡦՃಒӫȶӒΡȷޟ ി໯ఀىϱৠȂ؁ᜰݧϛ้ఀىԃդᅖٗኄσڧఀޱᇄଢ଼ᄘޥོ໢ޟሯؑȂׇԙϛ้ ఀىࢋϚӣܻωᏰȂζϚӣܻσᏰޟၐ௤ᇄϷϽϞђ૖ȄѺϚ༉ཊᐌΟΠΪжकԞ෈ ޟఀى౩܈ȂζшϷ৤౪юҕкޥོޟఀى߬܈ȃ஼፡ޥོਝ౥ᇄᄂҢϞቋ঄Ȃൢ֙ ਪϛޟ೨ӻ౩܈ȂՍϬϫІࢎӵ࿋ф፞แϞϛ)Lmjfcbse-!3113-!q/4:*Ȃᄂ঄ு໌Ι ؏၏ёᇳ݂Ȅ! !

୤ȃȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯޟ१ौϱొ!

૭஠Ȯϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯϞ१ौϱొȂᐌ౩ఄक़ԃήȈ!

ΙȃڙॏȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯޟкौԙষᇄӈ୛!

! ! ᓍ๿ޥོᡐ᎐ܚளپޟཱིᢎ܈ᇄཱིᗍ༖ȂޥོσಀᄇΪΡۏষོܚඪюޟȮϛᏰ ፞แۏষོൢ֙ਪȯȂܚԆӵޟᏰऋ୑َȂоЅᅑຜσഋϷߨЀᏰڥөߧЍԑϞᄂሬ ሯؑȂ౰ҡΙ޶஼੨ޟ׳ຟȂٮלԙѪΙݰ׽८՗ଢ଼Ȅ؇ࡄ)Kpio!Efxfz-!296:.2:63* ᇯ࣏೻ᆍଢ଼ᄘޥོϛఀىޟϚᘞᡐ८Ȃ࢐ՌณՄџ౩၌ޟٱȄт໌Ι؏ࡾюȂषौӰ ᔖཱིᗍ༖ڷಀΡޟሯौȂٮϚ࢐ᘗш፞แޟऋҬՄϐȂӰ࣏٥஠৶ቨᏰಬϱৠޟᛁᚕ ڷᖕရแ࡙ȂٮฒݲԤਝ၌ؚԆӵཱིܻᙟ፞แ໢౩සᇄၾኈޟஅҏፐएȂ҆໸௃ఀᏰ ПݲڷᏰಬϱৠ๿ЙȂᄕۻ࡚ᄺཱིޟ፞แ࢜ᄺ)Uboofs!'!Uboofs-!2::1-!qq/9:.:2*Ȅ! ! ! 2:21ԑȂӒ୽ఀىڞོ)Uif!Obujpobm!Fevdbujpo!Bttpdjbujpo-ᙏᆎOFB*ӈڼΟ Ι՝ኵᏰఀৱߜ඼౩)Ljotmfz-!Dmbsfodf!E/-!2985.2:37*ȂᐊӈଽϛᇄσᏰሠ௥ۏ ষོޟкৰȄᓍࡣȂӵ2:24ԑȂᆩᛳѓࢂଽϛ࿜ᏰȃσᏰఀ௲ȃଽϛၥ౏ఀৱǾǾ้Ȃ Π Ϊ ϲ ՝ ᇄ ϛ ้ ఀ ى ࣺ ᜰ ሴ ୿ Ϟ ட ড় Ᏸ ޱ Ȃ ಢ ԙ ȶ ϛ ้ ఀ ى १ ಢ ۏ ষ ོ ȷ )uif! dpnnjttjpo!po!uif!sfpshboj{bujpo!pg!Tfdpoebsz!Fevdbujpo*)OFB-!2:29-!qq/6.7*Ȅ Ԫۏষོоဣᄂछ୽ҳ୽அҏᆠડ࣏ٺڼȂᑖྃ׽८༈ಛΰѫ࣏σᏰୈྥരޟछ୽ϛ ้Ᏸਮ፞แ)Lmjfcbse-!3113-!qq/52.53*Ȅ၎ۏষོငႆϤԑޟ፡ࢥ፣ᜌȂܻ2:29ԑ ғ঄छ୽σಀዥϸଆ፣ϛ้ఀىђ૖ޟތដϛȂюގΟ๿ӪޟȮϛ้ఀىޟஅҏনࠌȯ )Dbsejobm!Qsjodjqmft!pg!Tfdpoebsz!Fevdbujpo*ൢ֙ਪ)Lmjfcbse-!3113-!q/!55*Ȅ ӰԪȂ೻ӋȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯൢ֙ਪȂΙ໠ۖ߯ᇳ݂ϛ้ఀى፞แ׽८ޟ҆ौܒȂ ஼፡ȶϛ้ఀىᔖ၎଩ӫޥོ࿋ࠉޟሯौȃఀىᄇຫޟΡਿ੫፴ȃоЅࣺᜰޟఀى౩ ܈ᇄᄂ፺ޣᜋپؚۡڏϱৠȷ)OFB-!2:29-!q/8*Ȅ! ! ! ۏষོᐌ౩ю࿋ਢϛ้ఀى፞แޟીѶȂкौѓࢂȈϛ้ᏰਮΡኵᗶϐσൽቨ ёȂծ፞แϱৠࠓϫѫ࣏ЍኵΡ೩ॎȂࢋҐಒӫᏰҡЖ౩ሯؑڷޥོᄂሬሯौȂഅԙ σഋϷᏰҡฒݲ໷ց౳ཾޟ֨ც3 ȇ։ٺ໷ց౳ཾޟᏰҡȂζฒݲ᏿Ԥޥོܚሯौޟட ཾϷώޣᜋᇄ૖ΨȂᎌᔖޥོޟፒᚕငᔼપוȇӣਢȂһฒݲԙ࣏૖ׂ๡೎౩এΡҡ ࣀȂٴڧׇ๡ޟӄ໣ҡࣀȂ୤ᇄ୽ড়ࢇۺӨ໶ؚ๊ޟछ୽ϴҕȄӰԪȂϛ้ఀى׽ಢ

2 㒂⟙⏲㚠ᷕᷳ䴙妰㔠⫿炻1889-1990 ⸜炻伶⚳䲬㭷 210 Ṣ㚱ᶨṢ嬨ᷕ⬠烊⇘ 1899-1900 ⸜⡆≈军㭷 121 Ṣ㚱ᶨ Ṣ嬨ᷕ⬠烊⇘ 1909-1910 ⸜ 䲬㭷 89 Ṣ㚱ᶨṢ炻⇘ 1914-1915 ⸜炻⇯䲬㭷 73 Ṣ㚱ᶨṢ⯙嬨ᷕ⬠ˤ军 1917 ⸜ 攻䘬ね㱩炻⣏䲬⎒㚱 1/3 䘬⬠䓇炻㗗⽆⮷⬠ᶨ嶗㊩临⯙嬨炻忚ℍ⬴ㆸ⚃⸜䘬檀ᷕ(high school)炻Ữ㚨⼴⣏䲬⎒ 㚱 1/9 䔊㤕ˤ℞ᷕ炻忚ℍ䫔ᶫ⸜䘬⬠䓇ᷳᷕ炻⎒㚱 1/2 ⇘ 2/3 ⬴ㆸ檀ᷕ䘬䫔ᶨ⸜炻䃞侴炻⛐䫔Ḵ⸜攳⥳ᷳ⇵⣏ 䲬⯙㚱 1/3 㚫暊攳炻侴两临䔁ᶳἮ䘬ᶨ⣏⋲Ṣ炻⇯⛐䫔ᶱ⸜攳⥳⇵暊攳炻㚨⼴炻⣏䲬⎒㚱ᶵ⇘ 1/3 䘬Ṣ⎗ẍ 枮⇑䔊㤕(NEA, 1918, p.8)ˤ

ۏষོࡇҀڏкौӈ୛Ȃ࢐୤ପཱིޟఀى౩፣ᇄऋᏰޣᜋȂቷབବᄇᏰҡএտ૖Ψڷ ၥ፴Ȃ१ཱིกᡛڷ၌ភᏰऋ१ौܒڷఀᏰন౩ݲࠌȂٮᆣӫᔖҢӨᆍޣᜋȂՃ໔Ᏸҡ ี৤ޟ೿៉ܒȂ१ཱིᔣۡΙএӒ७ܒޟॎหȂඪټӒ୽ϛ้Ᏸਮ௴Ң )OFB-!2:29-! qq/8.9*Ȅ! ! ! ฒ፣௃оΰൢ֙ਪҏ٘ޟఄक़ȂܖҥϞࠉᄇछ୽࿋ਢޥོڷఀى୰ᚠޟ௤ଆȂџ ޣ೻ӋۏষོཊᐌٮІࢎ࿋ਢఀى౩܈ᇄᄂ፺ޣᜋޟൢ֙ਪȂΝೝ፭Ϡ၌ؚ࿋ਢఀى ୰ᚠޟٺڼȂ෈ఖ૖ᙤҥѺڙॏюีථఀىޥོђ૖Ȃಒӫ౪фҕкޥོี৤ሯौϞ ڎᡝ׽८Пਰ)Lmjfcbse-!3113-!q/4:*Ȃоႀԙϛ้ఀى׽८ଡؑȶҕк౩དȷڷȶޥ ོਝ૖ȷޟ౩དҬ኿Ȅ!

ΠȃȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯޟ१ौϱొ!!

! ! ϛ้ఀى१ಢۏষོӔέ஼፡ȂϛᏰఀىᔖоܚԤछ୽ߧԑޟઍғሯौȂհ࣏፞ แ׽८ޟ୤ՃٷᐃȄтঈк஻࣏Οႀԙϴဎޥོޟ౩དȂᔖ࡚ҳΙএϛ้ఀىᇄߑ้ ఀىࣺሠ௥ޟ୽ҕఀىڙ࡙ȂΙП७ᡱএᡝᏰಬᎌᔖޥོሯौܚሯڎരޟޣᜋڷ׬ ૖ȂΙП७ौᡱএᡝڎര׽๡ޥོޟ૖ΨڷҕкޥོޟӓӣМϽȃ౩܈ȄԪ୽ҕఀى ࠉϲԑ࣏ߑ้ఀىȂоᅖٗσघϲڗΪΠྑᏰҡޟሯौȇࡣϲԑ࣏ϛ้ఀىȂоᅖٗ σघΪΠڗΪΤྑᏰҡޟሯौ)OFB-!2:29-!q/29*ȄՍܻϛ้ఀىάᔖϷ࣏ߑ઻ڷଽ ઻ڍ໦ࢲȂӨ࣏έԑȂϷտ॒೰ၐ௤ᇄடཾଋጛޟђ૖Ȅࣺᜰ१ौϱొԃήȈ! )Ι*ިࡻоȶҕкȷհ࣏୽ড়ఀىޟತྃҬ኿! ! ! ൢ֙ਪިࡻछ୽໠୽оپޟΙೱ߬܈Ȃоȶҕкȷհ࣏छ୽ఀىޟശଽࡾᏲনࠌȂ ІࢎюᏰਮఀىޟҕк঱Ᏸ߬܈)Xsbhb-!3112-!q/5:7*ȄМϛၷ݂Ȉ! ҇Ьޑ౛གྷࢂঁΓکޗ཮೿ૈӧ۶Ԝϕ୏ύளډᅈىǶ҇Ьࡽόᜅԋ ޗ཮গߺঁΓǴΨόӕཀӢঁΓӢનԶ឴࣊ޗ཮ճ੻ǶǾǾ؂Տԋ঩ ೸ၸࣁ᏾ঁޗ཮೛ीޑᅿᅿࢲ୏Ǵว৖ঁΓΓ਱ǶӢԜǴ҇Ь୯ৎޑ ௲ػǴόᆅࢂᏢਠϣ܈ѦǴѸ໪ว৖؂ঁΓޑޕ᛽ǵᑫ፪ǵ౛གྷǵಞ ᄍکૈΚǴᡣঁΓפډ፾ӝޑՏ࿼Ǵ٠аٗঁՏ࿼ࣁ୷ᘵǴ༟೷дঁ Γᆶޗ཮රӛ׳ѶᇻޑҞ኱ว৖Ƕ)OFB-!2:29-!q/:*! !

! ! ௃ΰџޣȂ၎ۏষོк஻ϛ้Ᏸਮᔖоঙ៫এᡝޟՌרᄂ౪ȂоЅޥོޟ୊Ӓี ৤ϞϣඏনࠌȂёоಢᙑڷၼհ)Xfcc-!3117-!q/289*ȂׇԙีථএΡዖ૖ȃጚഅӓ ҡӓᄸޟҕкޥོϞఀى౩དҬ኿Ȅ! )Π*࡚ដϛ้ఀىޟΜএкौҬ኿!! ! ! षौႀԙဣᄂҕкޥོޟ౩དȂкौఀىϱৠ҆໸௃ϷݙএΡРலҡࣀޟࣀଢ଼๿ Й)OFB-!2:29-!q/:*ȂۏষོആႆऋᏰПݲޟϷݙȂࡦՃӵғல௑ݷήȂΙ՝౪фޥ ོϴҕԙђ׸ᅋড়৳ȃᙛཾღᡝڷӨᆍϴҕღᡝޟӨᆍُՓȂඪټтΡӨᆍ݈୛ڷᒗ ڥӓӣᆋցȂܚሯ௃ٱޟӨ໶ࣀଢ଼ܖώհ)OFB-!2:29-!q/21*Ȃ໌Մᘪઽ࣏ΜσҬ኿Ȃ հ࣏ೣგϛᏰҡᏰಬ፞แϱৠޟٷᐃ)OFB-!2:29-!q/22*ȄڏᛳӖޟӨҬ኿१ᘈԃήȈ!! 2/୊ஶ)ifbmui*! ! ! Ԫ࣏ϛ้ఀىޟॶौҬ኿Ȅۏষོ࡚ដϛ้ᏰਮೣგΙএׇരޟᡝىࣀଢ଼ॎหȂ оൔଔσಀᇯᜋڗߧԑޟ୊ஶᄇޥོޟ१ौܒȄ࣏Οႀڗ೻এҬ኿Ȃ҆ӑߴٺఀৱ१ ຜᏰҡҡ౩ڷЖ౩ሯؑȂଶΟٺఀৱڎരᄇᏰҡᄂࢊ୊ஶఀىޟ૖ΨϞѴȂᏰਮζᔖ ඪټٗஊޟ೩രڷܘ޾ȂܚԤܘ໢ڷᕗც഍ሯಒӫፏҡᏰȂٮ᏿Ԥശଽ኿ྥޟፏҡ೩ ര)OFB-!2:29-!q/22*Ȅ! 3/அҏޣ૖ޟඡණ)dpnnboe!pg!gvoebnfoubm!qspdfttft*! ! ! ೻࢐୲ΙᇄᇯޣԤᜰޟҬ኿Ȃк஻ϛ้ఀىሯમӵߑ้ఀىޟஅᙃΰȂ᝷៉۽៉ ᠞ȃቸȃфኵޟॎᆗȃοᇭڷਪቸޟߒႀ้அҏ૖ΨޟఀᏲȂ೻࢐ඪଽ୽ҕஅҏશ፴ ޟ҆ौనӇȄЎڏ࢐੫տ஼፡़ᇭޟٺҢȂк஻ΪΠڗΪѲྑޟࡆυ҆໸᏿Ԥ೻ٲஅ ҏ૖ΨȂоհ࣏ᏰಬཱིٱސޟஅᙃȂӵ౪фҡࣀϛᕕுᅖٗ)OFB-!2:29-!q/22*Ȅ! 4/Ԥቋ঄ޟড়৳ԙষ)xpsuiz!ipnf!nfncfstijq*! ! ! ೻࢐о܁ఀىϛၶ܇ຜޟΙএҬ኿ȄΝӰ࿋ਢ஼፡፞แᇄҡࣀࣺ๖ӫȂՄ೿ளӴ १ຜԤᜰޥོᐠ૖ڷড়৳ђ૖ޟఀىϱৠȄൢ֙ਪϛᇳ݂ϛ้ఀىᔖٺܚԤ୽ҕ)ฒ ፣ظҡܖτҡ*Ȃ഍ԙ࣏ড়৳ϛ঄ு൵ཱиԤଓᝦޟԙষȄӰԪȂᏰਮޟޥོᏰऋޣ ᜋȂᔖ஠ড়৳ࣼԙ࢐ޥོޟஅҏಢᙑȂᡱᏰҡΟ၌ড়৳ᇄѴӵޥོޟᜰ߽Ȃዣޣಢᙑ ౩དড়৳ޟӨᆍौશȂᔓօᏰҡᏰಬ࡚ҳΙএछԁড়৳ޟ೰ӈڷғጂᄘ࡙Ȅ࣏Οႀԙ ԪҬ኿ȂᏰਮᔖඪټτҡᏰಬড়ࢇȂظҡᏰಬԤਝ౥ޟ഼ଢ଼ڷ׬૖้׬૖፞แ)OFB-! 2:29-!qq/23.24*Ȅ!

5/ᙛཾ)wpdbujpo*! ! ! ԪҬ኿ശ૖݂ᡗІࢎюȂۏষོభ׽८஠ϛ้ఀى࣏ଽ้ఀىୈྥരޟ༈ಛђ ૖Ȅൢ֙ਪϛ੫տ஼፡ϛᏰᔖඪټΙএڎᡝޟᙛཾଋጛȂоᅖٗܚԤЀᏰᇄߨЀᏰ้ ϚӣڥөᏰҡϞሯौޟҬ኿ȄӰԪȂᏰਮ҆໸ඪټӨ᜸ޟ೩രڷᐠོȂ໲Ңᆠ೽Ө໶ ᙛཾޟఀৱȂᙤҥӵᏰਮϱܖڷড়৳ȃၻൟȃ୦۹ȂܖᒲϴࡉӫհȂ໌՗ᄂӴޟଋጛ )OFB-!2:29-!q/24*Ȅ! 6/ϴҕ᠌೰)djuj{fotijq*! ! ! ԪҬ኿ࠌшϷ৤౪ϛ้ఀىᇄҕкࢇݽ໢஝ϸᜰ߽Ȅൢ֙ਪ੫տ኿ᖞϛ้ఀىᔖ ၎ඪټࣺᜰ፞แȂᡱܚԤᏰಬޱڎᡝᇯᜋϴҕޟ᠌ցᇄဎ୛ȂᔓօᏰಬޱี৤এΡي ԁޟ੫፴ȂٺϞ׸ᅋԁ᎑٨ȃωᚊܖ࠲ѿȂԎڷ୽ড়ΙӋυޟُՓȂٮඪټএΡ౩၌ ୽ሬ୰ᚠޟஅᙃȄܚоȂϛᏰఀىᔖ೩ညࣺᜰޟޥོᏰऋȂᔖѓࢂӴ౩ȃᐣѬȃϴҕ ڷငᔼ้ޣᜋϱৠȂоஉᎴيԁϴҕ࣏ശкौޟఀىҬޟȂٺᏰҡঈᕣ၌ҕк࢐छ୽ ୽ড়༈ಛޟᓺي྅܈ȂоЅএΡᔖԤ೰ӈڷтΡӓӣӫհޟ૖ΨȂႀԙҕкޥོ౩ད ޟᄂ౪ȄԪѴȂൢ֙ਪᗙ໌Ι؏к஻፞แᔖٺᏰҡڎര൵१ڏт୽ড়ޟ୽ҕȂ౩၌т Ρޟ᜹ఖڷ౩དȂ᏿Ԥ؁݂සڷ؁ӫ௑౩Ӵ၌ؚ୽ሬ୰ᚠޟஅҏ૖ΨȂٮڎരӣ౩Ж ೎౩پՌжࣨӨӴޟಋҕ)OFB-!2:29-!qq/24.26*Ȅ! 7/๡Ңӄ໣ਢ໢)xpsuiz!vtf!pg!mfjtvsf*! ! ! ԪҬ኿࣏ѪΙএఀى։ҡࣀࣺ๖ӫޟ౩܈৤౪Ȃкौ࢐הఖᏰҡ๖ӫএΡ௃ٱ৏ ዅࣀଢ଼ޟஅҏ૖ΨȂٽԃॱዅȂ᛺೚ȂМᏰȂᔛቑڷޥҺࣀଢ଼ȂඪЀএΡΙᆍܖ؁ӻ ޟடߞᙛཾᑹ፸ȄӰԪȂԪҬ኿ޟᔣۡȂкौ࢐ବᄇپՌܻޥོӨ໦઻ޟᏰҡȂඪټ Ϛӣиᐿ੫ޟᐠོȂငҥӨᆍޥღࣀଢ଼ȂᔓօᏰҡ࡚ҳޥོᜰ߽ڷӓӣ౩၌ȄᏰਮᔖ १ຜڷޥୢϱڏтடཾᐠᄺޟӫհȂඪټᎌ࿋ޟ৏ዅࣀଢ଼ȄٽԃȈᏰਮџಢᙑ౾၆ၽ ՗Ȃܖ࿽Рኊڐޟ৏ዅࣀଢ଼Ȃ஠ԤօܻఀىޟڏтҬ኿Ϟႀԙ)OFB-!2:29-!q/26*Ȅ! 8/ၾኈࠢਿ)fuijdbm!dibsbdufs*! ! ! ೻࢐ϛ้ᏰਮശࡣΙএҬ኿Ȃζ࢐ശ१ौޟҬ኿ȄӰ࣏ौဣᄂҕкఀىϞᆠડȂ ᅖٗܚԤᏰҡޟᑹ፸ᇄሯौȂϛ้ఀى҆໸оี৤ၾኈࠢਿ࣏ЙࢲȂѓࢂϛᏰఀىܚ ԤᏰऋޟϱৠڷఀᏰПݲȃৱҡޟޥོ௥ញȃᏰਮಢᙑڷᆓ౩้้Ȃ഍҆໸ඪټี৤ ᏰҡএΡ೰ӈЖڷ໌ڥЖޟᐠོȄൢ֙ਪϛ஼፡षौׇԙԪၾኈࠢਿޟఀىȂശ१ौ ޟᜰᗤӵܻਮߝȃఀৱȃᏰҡ้ӒᡝᏰਮԙষȂ഍҆໸ڎര݈୛ޟᆠડڷҕкޟઍғ

ݲࠌ)OFB-!2:29-!qq/26.27*Ȅ! ! ! ҥоΰᜰܻൢ֙ਪк஻ϛ้ఀىޟΜএҬ኿Ϟఄक़ȂџࣼюڏоᅖٗܚԤЀᏰᇄ ߨЀᏰϚӣڥөᏰҡޟᑹ፸ڷሯौ࣏Ճ໔Ȃ१ຜܚԤߧԑᕕுׇछޟҡࣀ࣏ٷᘪޟӌ ყ)Пኈ໪ឍȂ3115Ȃॲ381*ȄӰԪȂଶ಑ΠএҬ኿฿ᇄᇯޣԤᜰϞѴȂڏтϲএҬ ኿)ᝒਿپᇳӒഋΜএҬ኿*Ȃࣱᇄҡࣀࣺ೿๖ȄҥԪһџَۏষོԙষ౏ڧ඼ᇽ༬ȃ ؇ࡄ้ΡதۦᏰޱᄂҢޟ౩܈Ϟኇ៪)Xsbhb-!3112-!q/621*Ȃ१ຜҡࣀቋ঄ڷޥོਝ ౥ޟཱིఀى౩܈Ȅ! ! ! Մ࣏Ο໌Ι؏Ԥਝีථ፞แҬ኿ޟհҢȂൢ֙ਪϛһ࡚ដᐌৈ፞แ௴ڥ݂ጂቋ঄ )fyqmjdju!wbmvft*!ڷ۽ᒶቋ঄)efgfssfe!wbmvft*ڍএө࡙Ȃо׽๡࿋ਢ፞แႆ࡙ டߞϽޟ୰ᚠȂ෈ٺᏰҡڷড়ߝ૖ᙤԪᡝᇯڗᏰਮఀىޟᄂҢቋ঄ȂՄᒩ៚୤ᇄᏰਮ ޟࣀଢ଼ᇄᏰಬȂоᕕுРࡣҡࣀ҆໸ܛᐊޟᙛ೰ܚሯڎരޟಬᄛȃޣᜋڷ౩དȂհ࣏ Ґپ՗࣏ޟஅᙃ)OFB-!2:29-!q/28*Ȅ඲ِϞȂϛ้ఀىӑՃኌ֜ЕᏰҡ᜹ཎ੼ӵᏰ ਮᏰಬȂ໷ցׇԙӨᆍ፞แޟஅҏौؑȇӔᙤҥ፞แϷϽޟڎᡝᄺདȂᔓօᏰҡ౩၌ тঈӵޥོϛޟᙛ೰ȂඪټᏰҡᇄҐپҡࣀശޢ௥ޟᏰಬϱৠȂᅖٗޥོਝ౥ޟວ ؑȂЕᏲ๿፞แђ૖ڥөޟี৤)ҩһПȂ2::8Ȃॲ78ȇ!Xfcc-!3117-!q/289*Ȅ! )έ*஼፡ϛ้ఀى፞แϱৠᔖঙ៫டཾϽڷಛΙϽޟђ૖! ! ! ۏষོһ࡚ដ஠ϲԑޟϛ้ఀى໦ࢲȂϷ࣏ߑ઻ȃଽ઻ӨέԑȂоԤਝဣᄂϛ้ ఀىၐ௤ᇄଋጛޟђ૖Ȅӵߑ઻ϛᏰ໦ࢲȂᔓօᏰҡ௤ષՌϏޟ૖Ψڷᑹ፸༊өȂ໌ ՄᒵᐅڷጂۡҐپ஠ۈᝦ׹Σޟώհሴ୿ȇӵଽ઻ϛᏰ໦ࢲȂࠌବᄇᏰҡܚᒵᐅޟሴ ୿Ȃ๝Ϡ໌Ι؏ᝒਿޟଋጛ)OFB-!2:29-!q/29*Ȅ඲ِϞȂۏষོк஻ϛ้ఀىᔖ໌ ՗ђ૖ޟୢႤȂϗ૖ᅖٗܚԤΪΠྑоΰᏰҡޟϚӣሯौȂആႆׇ๡ޟሠ௥ᐠڙȂᅖ ࣏ٗଽ้ఀىΣᏰၥਿڷՃၐྥരȂܖ᝷៉ᙛཾഝսޟଋጛȂٺؐ՝ڧఀޱ഍ᕕுᎌ ϸޟఀىȂีථᔓօᏰҡׇԙҡࣀྥരޟ१ौђ૖ȄӰԪȂൢ֙ਪк஻ϛ้ఀىޟӨ ໶ ፞ แ Ȃ ᔖ ӣ ਢ ݧ ཎ Ϸ Ͻ ڷ ໱ ϛ ޟ ন ౩ Ȃ ঙ ៫ ட ཾ Ͻ )tqfdjbmj{joh* ᇄ ಛ Ι Ͻ )vojgzjoh*ޟђ૖)OFB-!2:29-!q/32*Ȅ! 2ȅӵடཾϽП७Ȉ! ! ! ϛ้ఀى፞แ҆໸ᔓօڧఀޱӵ౳ཾࡣȂԤਝ౥Ӵ௃ٱӨ᜸ሴ୿ޟᙛཾȄ࣏Οᔓ օϛᏰҡ೽ႆกᡛᇄี৤१ौ૖Ψڷᑹ፸Ȃ࣏ҐپޥོϷώհྥരȂ፞แ೩ॎौݧཎ

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!!

! ! ۏষོବᄇϛ้ఀىޟ፞แᔖ૖ඪټಒӫܚԤᎌឭߧЍԑڷޥོሯौȂӵൢ֙ਪ ϛ࡚ដоᆣӫϛᏰհ࣏छ୽ϛᏰၼհޟ኿ྥ዁ԒȄڏܚࡾюޟᆣӫϛᏰϞᓺᘈȂџᘪ ઽԃή)OFB-!2:29-!qq/!35.38*Ȉ! 2/џඪټԤਝ౥ޟᙛཾఀىȈҥܻᆣӫϛᏰԤਝ૖ޟಢᙑڷᆓ౩዁ԒȂ૖ᔓօᏰҡᕕ ுᎌܒఀى)ejggfsfoujbufe!fevdbujpo*Ȃٮ๝Ϡఀৱঈ؁ӻޟᐠོᢎᄆᏰҡӵӨ П७ޟߒ౪ȂඪټᏰҡᒵᐅ፞แϞڎᡝ࡚ដȄ! 3/ Ԥ օ ܻ ႀ ԙ ಛ Ι Ͻ )vojgjdbujpo* ޟ Ҭ ኿ Ȉ ᆣ ӫ ϛ Ᏸ ࢐ Ι এ ҕ к ޥ ོ ޟ ন ࠮ )qspupuzqf*ȂѺԤօܻᏰਮആႆ໱ོȃಢᙑȃღᡝࣀଢ଼ȂٺᏰҡᕕுӫհޟଋጛȂ Ꮧᆹ໱ᡝӓᜋȂоЅᄇ୽ড়ޥོޟ܆ၖୈྥരȄ! !

4/ԤցܻဣᄂᙛཾоѴޟҡࣀࣺᜰ፞แȈᆣӫϛᏰ૖ඪټٗஊޟ೩രڷடཾఀৱȂў ຨᘞڷࡾථ୊ஶޟࣀଢ଼Ȃ໌՗؁Ԥਝ౥ޟ୊ஶఀىڷ๡Ңӄ໣ਢ໢ޟఀىȄ! 5/џঙ៫এտڷӴПี৤ޟሯौȈᆣӫϛᏰ፞แೣგӻϯȂџᅖٗϚӣᏰҡޟሯौȂ ෵ЍഋϷᏰҡ೽ٙਢ໢ڷߜᓀޟ੏າȇӣਢȂџᗗջഋϷᏰਮܣԝϚڗᏰҡޟ֨ ცȇԪѴȂ፞แೣგ؁ܾ଩ӫӨӴПޟሯौڷี৤ሯौȂζԤօܻඪଽᏰҡڷЮҔ ୤ᇄᏰਮೣგޟᑹ፸Ȅ! 6/୊Ӓ፞แಢᙑᇄࠢ፴ᆓ౩ȈҥܻΙএσ࠮ޟᆣӫϛᏰȂ೩Ԥட೰ޟкᆓ॒೰ᅿ࿜ஈ ՗ȂӵਮߝޟሴᏲήȂ፞แкᆓ࢐ᏰਮӒഋࣀଢ଼ޟஈ՗ޱȂ૖ጂ߳፞แޟᄂࢊᇄԙ ਝȄ։ٺϛ࠮ޟᏰਮฒݲ೩ညϚӣ፞แޟሴᏲޱȂζ஠ӵਮߝޟࡾථήȂಢᙑఀৱ ۏষོ၌ؚӨԒӨኺ፞แޟ୰ᚠڷᒲ౩ࣺᜰࣀଢ଼Ȃ໌՗Ԥਝ૖ޟ፞แᆓ౩Ȅ! ! ! ҥΰџޣȂᆣӫϛᏰڎԤ༈ಛϛᏰܚؠԤޟᓺᘈȂ࢈џհ࣏ဣᄂҕкఀى౩܈ޟ ౩དᏰਮၼհПԒȄѪѴȂൢ֙ਪζ࡚ដ೩ҳਮߝོដ!)uif!qsjodjqbm’t!dpvodjm* ڷӨऋఀᏰۏষོȂپᐊӈఀᏰሴᏲޟώհȂоցᆣӫϛᏰӨ໶፞แޟၼհ )OFB-! 2:29-!q/!39*Ȅ! ! ! ശࡣȂൢ֙ਪϛΙՄӔӴ஼፡Ȃ۽ߝᎌӫܚԤϴҕޟᏰਮఀى࢐ҕкޥོ࡞१ौ ޟᆋցȂζ࢐҆ณޟఀىᗍ༖ȄӰԪȂ୽ড়҆໸ҳݲೣۡΪΤྑоήޟܚԤϴҕȂ҆ ໸ ӵ Ᏸ ਮ ϛ ໌ ՗ Ӓ ᙛ )gvmm.ujnf* ޟ Ᏸ ಬ ȇ ष ᒵ ᐅ ൷ ཾ ޟ ߧ ԑ Ȃ ζ ᔖ о ঙ ᙛ )qbsu.ujnf*ޟПԒȂ໊ؐՍЍԤΤωਢޟਢ໢୤ᇄᏰਮޟӨᆍ፞แȄۏষོ஀ؚк ஻छ୽ޟϛ้ఀى҆໸ඪټܚԤߧԑ࣏Ԥቋ঄ޟҡࣀୈྥരȂᙤҥᆣӫϛᏰඪټಒӫ ΰक़ΜᆍҬ኿ޟӨ᜸፞แȂᏰಬӓӣҡࣀڷࣺӣ዁Ԓޟ໱ᡝཎᜋȃ௑ཐڷ՗ଢ଼Ȃᡱؐ এΡ౏ϸᡝᇯڗՌϏޟቋ঄Ȃ൶ؑএΡี৤Ȃٮ࣏୽ড়ޥོୈюଓᝦ )OFB-!2:29-! q/43*Ȅ! !

ဓȃȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯޟᐣѬཎဎ!

! ! ௃Ȯϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯޟϱৠپࣼȂϛ้ఀى१ಢۏষོΝ஼፡оܚԤߧЍԑ ࣏ᄇຫ)Ϛѫ࢐࣏ЀᏰڥөޟߧЍԑ*Ȃ१ຜӒΡี৤)Ϛѫ࢐ᇯޣሴ୿ޣᜋޟᏰಬ*Ȃ ঙ៫ӻϯᏰಬሴ୿)ߨࠁ३ܻ༈ಛܖငڐޟϱৠ*ޟϛ้ఀىȂᘛಳо܁۠ఀܒȃ๻़ кဎᇄЖසଋጛޟᏰಬПԒȂшϷᡗ౪౪фҕкޥོޟఀى౩܈ȄڏϛȂоᅖٗϚӣ

Ᏸҡሯؑڷᑹ፸࣏Ҭ኿ȂആႆᄇРலҡࣀޟऋᏰϷݙϞ፞แϱৠ೩ॎȂ࣏ᆣӫϛᏰޟ ౪ф፞แ൨ۡΟᚗל)ᅷᐎ៌Ȃ3115Ȃॲ26*Ȅ൷౪ф፞แี৤ޟُ࡙پࣼȂԪӋൢ֙ ਪڎരࣺ࿋१ौޟਢфཎဎȈ

!

Ιȃӱᔖछ୽໌؏ਢфଡؑޥོਝ౥ޟቋ঄ᢎ!

! ! 296:ԑȂ඼ᇽ༬)Tqfodfs-!I/-!2931.2:14*юގȲϧቄޣᜋശԤቋ঄ȉȳ)Xibu! lopxmfehf!jt!pg!nptu!xpsuiȉ*ΙМȂඪюᄇᎌ࿋፞แϱৠޟк஻ȂЕଔΡঈ໠ۖ ࡦՃᏰਮ፞แޟᒵᐅ୰ᚠȄ඼ᇽ༬࡚ᄺΟΙএᄂҢޟ፞แ೩ॎ࢜ᄺȂࡸྱΡ᜸ࣀଢ଼ޟ १ौܒȂӖюȈᇄҡࣀޢ௥ࣺᜰޟ୊ஶᆰ៖ȃᇄҡࣀ໢௥ࣺᜰޟҡڼᆰࡻȃஉᎴڷଋ ጛήΙфȃᆰࡻᎌ࿋ޟޥོڷࢇݽᜰ߽ȃӄ໣ޟࣀଢ଼้Ϥ໶௶וȂٮ࡚ដӵᏰਮϛఀ ᏲኵᏰȃՌณऋᏰڷޥོऋᏰ้౪фޣᜋȂװᏰਮຜ࣏ߴ໌ޥོ׽८ޟᐠᄺȂ׸ᅋඪ ଽޥོਝ૖ڷளଢ଼ޥོ໌؏ޟُՓ)Ibnjmupo-!2::1-!qq/48.49*ȄԃԪ஠Ᏸҡܹӵޥ ོϞϛȂՃ໔ڏԙߝᇄี৤Ȃ஼፡ޥོਝ౥ޟࡦᆰȂζԙ࣏ΟΠΪжकߑ෈ཱི፞แ೩ ॎࡦՃϞ१ौϯશ)ᅷᐎ៌Ȃ3115Ȃॲ25*Ȅ! ! ! ΪΞжकґဨȂछ୽ࢇݽȃငᔼڷޥོ७ᖝ१σ׽ᡐȂ༈ಛఀىڙ࡙ᇄϱৠฒݲ Ӱᔖޥོࡨᗘᡐ᎐ȂΝᑹଔΙ೿՛ആႆᏰਮಢᙑϠо኿ྥϽȂଡؑਝ౥ޟఀىᡐ८Ȅ ٽԃȈ29:7ԑԙҳޟ୽ড়ᇧഅཾڞོ)Obujpobm!Bttpdjbujpo!pg!Nbovgbduvsfst*Ȃ ࣏ё஼ᝯތжࣨѿൟޟᓺ༖ȂჂ֚ցҢ୽ড়ငາ௰ଢ଼ᙛཾఀىȇάٽԃȈڧڗ࿋ਢኈ ୽౰ཾีႀڷϛ้ఀىᡝڙޟኇ៪Ȃ2:23ԑܻӀցᒛԎដོඪюޟ৲ցݲਰ)Dppmfz! cjmm*Ȃһ౰ҡ௰ଢ଼ᙛཾᇄල೽፞แᚖॗఀىᡝڙޟඪដ)Dsfnjo-!2:67ȇLmjfcbse-! 3113-!qq/4:.55*้้Ȅ! ! ! ᔮຜȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯޟϱৠȂк஻࣏ΟᏰҡ؁ԤਝޟցҢਢ໢ȂᏰਮ؁Ԥ ਝޟငᕊȂᏰਮᔖᔓօᏰҡΟ၌тঈӵޥོϛޟհҢȂٮඪټтঈ࣏Ґپҡࣀհྥര ޟ፞แȂшϷІࢎю࿋ਢ୦ཾޥོᝣᅞޟਝ౥ዥ)dvmu!pg!fggjdjfodz*ݥ൜ȄٱᄂΰȂ 2:23ԑȂ։ϛ้ఀى१ಢۏষོԙҳޟࠉΙԑȂ๿Ӫਝ౥ᇳ፞แᏰޱБШ੫)Cpccjuu-! K/!G/-!2987.2:67*Ȃ߯ӵڏȲੑଶఀىϛޟ੏າȳ)Uif!Fmjnjobujpo!pg!Xbtuf!jo! Fevdbujpo*ΙМϛȂоώኅୈШൕȂᇳ݂ԃդϷݙԙΡޟҡࣀȃᙛཾȃޥོڷࢇݽُ ՓȂоհ࣏፞แ೩ॎޟஅᙃȄтᇯ࣏೻࢐೩ॎΙৈӫᎌޟஅᙃఀى፞แȂҡ౰юȶശ ᎌ ӫ ޟ ԙ ࠢ ȷ Ȃ ٺ ڋ ็ ७ ᄇ Ґ پ ޥ ོ ᇄ ᙛ ཾ ُ Փ ശ џ Ꭼ ޟ П ݲ )Lmjfcbse-!3115-!

qq/94.95*ȄՄϛ้ఀى१ಢۏষོܚ௴ڥޟ೩ॎПݲȂ߯ᇄБШ੫ܚ௴ڥ੎୚ޟώ հ྅܈ڷӈ୛ϷݙПݲࣺ࿋᜸խȄ! ! ! ܚоȂџَȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯоΜσҬ኿Ȃ໌՗ޥོҡࣀޟώհϷݙȂٮಠ ҬϽӨ᜸፞แޟᄂࢊȂᄂшϷ৤౪юΙᆍޥོਝ౥ᇳ፞แ೩ॎޟ੫ՓȄ೻ᆍᙤҥώհ Ϸݙȃ኿ྥϽȃಠҬϽȃԙҏਝઉհ࣏፞แ೩ॎޟٷᐃȂоޥོϛޟᙛཾ࣏ٷᐃȂϚ ծ஠Ᏸҡюၯᇄ፞แޣᜋϷ᜸ࣺ๖ӫȂၐყ஠Ᏸਮޟ፞แᇄᏰҡ౳ཾࡣޟюၯࣺ೿ ๖Ȃ෈૖ႀڗٺᏰҡ৤౪ӨѧڏᙛȃӨுڏܚޟҕкޥོݲࠌȂΝ࢐ඪټΙൽሉශȂ ༭അΙᆍᄇҐپޟዅᢎᇄ෈࡟)ҩһПȂ2::8Ȃॲ73ȃ78*Ȅ௃ൢ֙ਪюގޟਢ໢ࣼپȂ ጂᄂ࢐ਢ༖ܚᗍȂӱᔖ࿋ਢ໌؏ਢфଡؑޥོਝ౥ޟቋ঄ᢎϞ๖ݎȄ!

ΠȃІࢎΠΪжकߑछ୽ϛ้ఀىޟཱི౩܈!

! ! ΠΪжकߑȂԤ೨ӻᜰܻϛ้ఀىޟк஻Ȃխн഍Іࢎӵൢ֙ਪޟϱৠϞΰȂ܄ ԪࣺڳᔖȄ๋ޱᇯ࣏ၶ१ौޟԤȈ़ਿց඼)Johmjt-!B/!K/-!298:.2:35*ܻ2:29ԑю ގޟȮϛ้ఀىন౩ȯ)Qsjodjqmft!pg!Tfdpoebsz!Fevdbujpo*ΙਪȂܚඪюޟछ୽ ϛ้ఀىܚᔖ१ຜޟέσҬ኿ȂѓࢂȈޥོϴҕҬ኿)Tpdjbm.Djwjd!bjn*ȂஉᎴᏰҡ ԙ࣏ҕкޥོޟيԁϴҕȇငᔼᙛཾҬ኿)Fdpopnjd.Wpdbujpobm!bjn*ȂଋጛᏰҡԙ ࣏Ґپޥོيԁޟҡ౰ޱȇএΡওᎴҬ኿)Joejwjevbmjtujd.Wpdbujpobm!bjn*Ȃᔓօ Ᏸ ҡ ш Ϸ ี ৤ Ռ Ϗ ୊ Ӓ ޟ Ρ ਿ )Johmjt-! 2:29* Ȅ ڏ ԩ Ȃ ᆋ Ⴊ ઽ )Gmfyofs-! B/-! 2977.2:6:*ܻ2:28ܚีߒޟȮΙܚ౪фޟᏰਮȯ)B!Npefso!Tdippm*Ȃਪϛඪ঎౪ф Ͻ፞แȂк஻፞แϷ࣏ऋᏰ)ۨശкौޟӴ՝*ȃӌཾ)ᙛཾᇄώ୦ཾ*ȃϴҕ)ᐣѬȃ ငᔼڷࢇۺ*ȃछᏰ)МᏰȃᇭМȃ᛺೚ڷॱዅ*้Ѳএሴ୿Ȃٮо౪фᇭМڥфܜΛ МڷהᛸМȄтܻরগШٳσᏰݓ޻ৱጒᏰ଱ܚ࡚ҳȶ౪фᏰਮȷȂ߯оԪѲএሴ୿ ޟޣᜋ࣏ਯЖȂ஼፡ऋᏰޟ௤ـ)Gmfyofs-!2:28*ȄശࡣȂ؇ࡄܻ2:27ԑюގȂ଻ΰ അԙៜଢ଼ޟȮҕкᇄఀىȯ)Efnpdsbdz!boe!Fevdbujpo*ΙਪȂһԤࣺ࿋ޟኇ៪Ȅ4 ष ёᄇྱȂ։џี౪ฒ፣࢐঎Ᏺఀىϛޟҕк྅܈ȃঙ៫Ռณี৤ڷޥོਝ૖ޟҬ኿ȃ ܖ஠፞แϷ᜸հ࣏ႀڗҬ኿ޟЙࢲȂࣥՍᜰܻӄ໣፞แȃᄂҢऋҬޟк஻้้Ȃ഍џ о݂ᡗࣼюڍޱࣺխϞ೎)Efxfz-!2:2702:67*Ȅ!

3 忁㛔㚠晾朆⮰䁢ᷕ䫱㔁做侴ἄ炻Ữ 1916 ⸜炻㜄⦩⶚塓℔娵䁢忚㬍ᷣ佑㔁做忳≽㚨慵天䘬ẋ堐Ṣ䈑炻忁㛔㚠⍿ ⇘ṢᾹ䅙䁰䘬教嬨冯妶婾炻ṢᾹ娵䁢忁㛔㚠㗗冒䚏㡕䘬˪ッ⻴⃺˫(Emile)ẍ⼴炻㔁做ᶲ㚨栗叿䘬届䌣ˤ

! ! џَȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯޟϱొȂоᏰҡᑹ፸ᇄᄂҢޣᜋ࣏ᏰಬਯЖȂσൽ෵ ЍѠڐ༈ಛᏰऋޟלԒଋጛȂᙽՄ१ຜ᛺೚ȃॱዅȃᡝىڷᙛཾఀى้Ȃ࢐оএᡝҡ ࣀ࣏Ճ໔ޟ౪ф፞แᢎȂጂᄂІࢎΠΪжकߑޟཱི፞แ౩܈Ȅ!

έȃጂҳछ୽ϛ้ఀىᄂ፺ҕкҡࣀҬ኿ޟ፞แौશ!

! ! छ୽໌؏кဎ࢐ΙএΡၾкဎޟ౩དȂѺၐყആႆӨᆍПݲᙴ൲Ᏸਮޟђ૖Ȃо ᐠོҁ้࣏౩དȂ׽๡೴ጏ഼ώυτޟڼၼȂٺтঈ؁ৠܾӴӒ७୤ᇄछ୽ޥོޟҡ ࣀ)Hsbibn-!2:78-!q/9*Ȃᙤоᄂ౪छ୽ΡҡڼޟܛᒛȂႀԙҕԤȃҕݽȃҕٴޟࢇ ݽ౩དȄ೻এ౩དк஻Ᏸਮᔖ࢐ΙᆍᡱޥོܚԤ໦઻ޟΡȂў୤ᇄԤપוȃՌרघ؂ȃ ᄇ ୽ ড় ܆ ၖ Ȃ о Ѕ ൵ १ এ Ρ ҡ ڼ ଒ ౰ Ԋ Ӓ ޟ М ݂ ҡ ࣀ Ϟ ୉ σ ώ ڎ )Dsfnjo-!2:72-! q/28*ȄՄȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯ࡚ដоᆣӫϛᏰޟ፞แၼհПԒȂඪټܚԤᏰҡٷ ྱᑹ፸Ռҥᒵও፞แȂ׽ᡐ༈ಛϛ้ᏰਮϷտ࣏ΙတᏰҡඪټМԅᎧ᠞ȂՄ࣏ѪΙတ Ᏸҡඪټ׬೚ଋጛޟ੭Ⴃ፞แಢᙑ)Lmjfcbse-!3113-!q/55*Ȃ࢐ΠΪжकߑछ୽ଡؑ ؁ҕк؁Ռҥ؁ҁ้ޟϛ้ఀى፞แϞۢП१ौМӇȄ೻Ӌငڐൢ֙ਪӵछ୽ఀىѬ ΰޟ१ौܒȂϚ༉࢐಑ΙԩжࣨᏽࡣȂஅܻᄂ౪ҕкޥོޟี৤Ȃڳᢱϛ้ఀىᄂࢊ ϴҕఀىޟԤΨᜌᐃ)Cfmmbdl!fu!bm-!2:67-!q/2*Ȃζ࢐܁ࡣ๘σӻኵڎኇ៪Ψޟϛ ้ఀى፞แ׽८Ϟ१ौᙢҏ)Dsfnjo-!2:66-!q/418*Ȅ! ! ! ٽԃȈΠPԑфоࡣޟϛ้ఀىσमоԪൢ֙ਪޟк஻࣏அᙃȂୈ؁ڎᡝׇ๡ޟ ೣგ)Uboofs!'!Uboofs-!2::1-!q/475*Ȅၶ१ौޟԤȈछ୽୽ড়ఀىڞོϛޟఀىࢇ ๊ۏষོ)Fevdbujpobm!Qpmjdjft!Dpnnjttjpo-!FQD*ܻ2:49ԑюގޟȮछ୽ҕкࢇݽ ޟఀىҬޟȯ)Uif!qvsqptf!pg!fevdbujpo!jo!Bnfsjdbo!Efnpdsbdz*Ȃᇳ݂оՌרᄂ ౪ȃΡሬᜰ߽ȃငᔼਝ౥ȃϴҕ೰ӈ้Ѳσк໅Ȃհ࣏ఀى׽८ޟฐᘈȂঙ៫এΡՌ רቋ঄ᇄޥོցઉޟ፣क़)FQD-!2:49*Ȃඁнџຜ࣏ԪȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯ౩܈ޟ ۽ժȄϞࡣȂܻ2:55ԑܚюގޟȮӒҕߧЍԑఀىȯ)Fevdbujpo!gps!bmm!Bnfsjdbo! Zpvui*ΙਪϛȂ؁ڎᡝතҰߧԑ҆໸ี৤ငᔼڷᙛཾ׬૖ȃ୊Ӓᡝਿᇄ୊ஶ٘ᡝȃޥ ୢᇄϴҕ೰ӈȃড়৳೰ӈȃੑາޱ׬૖ȃऋᏰ׬૖ȃМᏰȃ᛺೚ᇄॱዅ׬૖ȃӄ໣ࣀ ଢ଼ȃগ౩ቋ঄ᢎȂоЅ౩ܒࡦՃ้૖ΨȂՄϛ้ఀى߯ӵܻᔓօߧЍԑᕕுԪȶΪσ ሯؑȷ૖Ψ)FQD-!2:55*Ȃϱৠϫ୑१ܻޥོȃЖ౩ȃᙛཾȃၾኈڷϴҕ೰ӈޟ஼፡Ȃ ٷᙟ࢐оȶငᡛȷڷȶҡࣀȷ࣏ฐᘈȂ௴ڥҬ኿Ᏺөޟ፞แ೩ॎ౩܈Ȃкौϫ۽៉Ȯϛ

้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯޟ౩܈ڷ࢜ᄺȂӔ໌Ι؏ี৤ՄԙȄ! ! ! ᙏِϞȂൢ֙ਪϛо፞แϷϽڥфఀىϷࢺȂоᆣӫϛᏰޟ፞แ೩ॎȂঙ៫ޥོ ђ૖ڷএΡี৤ޟ׷૿հݲȂ෈ఖؐΡ૖ࡸՌϏޟᑹ፸ȂᏰಬӵޥོҡࣀϛܚ҆ौޟ ૖ΨȂᒗؑҡࣀܚሯȂ࢐ᄂ፺ҕкҡࣀҬ኿ޟڎᡝᒲݲȂ࢈࣏ࡣپϛ้ఀى፞แ׽८ Ϟ୤ՃȄ!

Ѳȃ൨ۡ࿋фϛ้ఀىޟᏰڙᇄђ૖Ϟஅᙃ!

! ! ՌΪΞжकоپȂछ୽ӨԎޟ୽ҕఀىȂᗶσܰоלԙछ୽ҕкՌҥޥོޟ໱ᡝ ཎᜋڷቋ঄ᢎ܈࣏кौҬ኿ȄϚႆȂ୽ҕఀىڙ࡙ޟᄂሬၼհȂࠓ༊өܻӴПϷ᠌ޟ ၼհ዁Ԓ)Hsffo-!2::1-!q/282*ȄӰԪȂՍΪΞжकґȂӨԎޟ୽ҕఀىᏰڙ)оߑ ้Ᏸਮ࣏к*ԑ३ϚᅾࣺӣȂޢڗ29:6ԑΪϤΡۏষོޟൢ֙ਪ௥ڧՔ౱੫ޟ࡚ដȂ ϗװߑ้ఀى׽࣏ΤԑȂϛ้ఀى࣏Ѳԑ)Ibssjt-!29:6ȇUboofs!'!Uboofs-!2::1-! q/69*ȄՄϛ้ఀى१ಢۏষོ७ᄇ࿋ਢΤԑڙߑ้ఀىȂҐ૖Ԥਝีථڏஅᙃఀى ޟђ૖ȂζҐ૖ᅖٗߧЍԑᏰಬᇄҡిี৤ޟሯؑȂᏲमᏰҡܖӰ፞แႆܻᏰ೚Ϛց ᏰಬȂܖϚಒᑹ፸ՄᎅᏰၽᒀȂ׻ܖ։ٺ౳ཾζฒݲ໷ց൷ཾȂഅԙΡΨ੏າޟ౪ຫȄ! ! ! Ȯϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯ࡚ដ஠ߑ้ఀىᕻ฻࣏ϲԑȂ۽ߝϛ้ఀى࣏ϲԑȂάϷ ࣏ߑ઻ڷଽ઻ڍ໦ࢲӨέԑȂϷտ๿१ܻᔓօᏰҡ௤ષܒөޟၐ௤ђ૖ȂоЅ໌՗Ϸ ϽᏰಬޟடཾଋጛϞђ૖Ȃڏᄺདӵܻ࡚ҳᅖٗσघΪΠڗΪΤྑᏰҡሯौޟᏰਮف ಛȄϚ༉ජᛲюϚӣ໦ࢲޟϛ้ఀىϞҬ኿ᇄӈ୛Ȃζᄇ፞แ࢜ᄺᇄఀᏰПԒඪю୤ ՃПਰȄӣਢȂ࡚ដ҆໸೩ညᏰਮ፞แட೰ΡষȂоጂ߳Өᆍ፞แޟԤਝಢᙑᇄᄂࢊȄ ԪȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯȂϚ༉൨ۡΟछ୽୽ҕఀىȶϲέέȷᏰڙޟஅᙃȂᄇжࣨ Ө୽ޟᏰਮఀىڙ࡙ڎԤࣺ࿋ޟኇ៪ΨȂר୽2:33ԑᖂಛܚႵॏޟȲЇԗᏰڙȳȂά ᆎȲཱིᏰڙȳȂ։௴ϲέέڙȄҥԪһџᜌ݂ڏ౏ڎ१ौޟᐣѬቋ঄Ȅ!

ϤȃඪټоᆣӫϛᏰ໌՗ӒΡఀىޟ፞แ࢜ᄺ!

! ! Ȯϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯ੫տବᄇϛ้ఀىҬ኿१ཱིۡ՝Ȃᜰݧཱིޥོϴҕޟᄂሬ ሯौȂ஼፡ҕк୽ড়ޟᏰਮȂᔖ၎ߴԙএᡝڷޥོڍޱ܄Ԫ໢ޟՌרᄂ౪)Dsfnjo-! 2:67-!q/25*ȄѺΙП७࣏ᒊӫܚԤᏰҡϞሯौȂඪټΙᆍоӓӣМϽ࣏ϱৠޟᏰಬȂ ζٺுᏰਮ፞แॶԩԙ࣏ᄂ౪ߨᏰ೚ܒޟఀىҬ኿ϞЙࢲ)Ipso-!3113-!q/46*Ȅӵϱ

ৠΰȂѓࢂ٘Ж୊ஶ้ΜσҬ኿ޟҡࣀஅҏ૖ΨϞஉᎴȂ६ճᏰऋᇄЖසഝսޟଋ ጛȇӵᄂࢊΰȂਲ਼ᐃᙛཾୢϷѓࢂၻཾȃ୦ཾȃώཾȃਪ଄ȃ᛺೚ڷড়ࢇ้ϷϽ፞แ )OFB-!2:29-!q/33*Ȃ࡚ដඪټᙴ൲ޟᒵওऋҬȂᎌᔖϚӣఊတޟሯौȂஉᎴᎌ࿋ޟ ᒗҡ૖Ψᇄϴҕ׬૖ȂᒊΣޥོȂ࣏୽ড়ޥོޟ໌؏ՄଓᝦϏΨȄԃԪ൷உᎴΙএҡ ࣀܻ౪ᄂޥོϛޟএΡՄِȂѺоΙᆍ໠ܹԒޟ፞แفಛȂѫौᏰҡԤ૖Ψȃᑹ፸ڷ ॒ܲȂ഍૖ᕕு᝷៉ఀىޟџ૖ȂխнڎരΟി໯ఀى१ຜኄݿᏰಬޟഋϷᆠડȄӵ ҏ፴ΰȂ೻Ӌൢ֙ਪ࣏छ୽ᆣӫϛᏰޟၼհȂඪټΟஅҏޟᙢყȂ࣏ϛ้ఀىঙ៫Ᏸ ೚ंـڷᙛཾଋጛೣგΟџ૖ޟ࢜ᄺȂ࣏ᆣӫϛᏰޟ፞แ࢜ᄺ൨ҳΟஅᙃȄ! ! ! ᐌᡝՄِȂȮϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯᗶڎԤΰक़Ϟ१ौޟᐣѬཎဎᇄቋ঄ȂծѺڷ ๘σӻኵޟ፞แ׽८ൢ֙ਪΙૡȂϫࡇҰཎဎσܻᄂ፴հҢȄ௃ڎᡝϱৠپࣼȂڏܚ ඪϞ፞แ׽८ПਰᇄᄺདȂшڏ໔ѫ࢐ቨёΟӻϯޟᒵᐅՄϐȂٮฒݲጂᄂᡱᏰҡ౏ ΣᕕுޣᜋȂһҐ૖ᔓօᏰҡ௤ષᑹ፸ȂٷᙟҐ૖ႀԙఀىҐپϴҕٺϞԤਝቺ՗ڏ ޥُོՓᇄᙛ೰ޟ౩དȄڏԩȂൢ֙ਪ࡚ដоΜσҬ኿հ࣏ࡦՃϛ้ఀى፞แ׽८ޟ ٷᐃȂᗶณ׽ᡐΟনԤ஼፡ස૖ี৤ޟ༈ಛࡦᆰȂᙽՄ஼፡ఀ௲ҐپϴҕҡࣀޟᄂҢ ޣ૖ȂծӨҬ኿ޟϱৠඁнѓᛳ࿲ຫȂѫौ૖ႀڗڏܚࡾᆎޟҬ኿ȂխнࣱొᇐڏϛȂ ӰՄһഅԙσൽቨёᄂ୛ܒऋҬޟᖕရ፞แȄ೻ኺޟհݲȂᄂᇄΪΡۏষོᇯ࣏፞แ ኵҬᇄᆍ᜸ູӻȂູ૖ٺᏰҡี౪ՌϏޟடߝᇄᑹ፸Ȃູ૖ᅖٗϚᘞᡐ᎐ޟޥོሯौ ϞདݲȂٮฒӈդ৯౴Ȃ࿋ณζဣΣϛ้ఀى፞แฒ३ᘗшޟ֨ცȄՄи፞แϚᘞᑷ ๬ޟ๖ݎȂٺᏰਮऋҬϚᘞᐭቨȂശࡣѶўΟಛᐌޟҬ኿ȃᖒ๖ڷПө )Lmjfcbse-! 3113-!qq/57.58ȇXbhfs-!2:35-!qq/83.84*Ȃ؁ᇄڏনҏ஼፡Ҭ኿ڷђ૖ޟޥོਝ౥Ȃ ৯ຽࣥሉȄ! ! ! ӔޱȂ௃Ȯϛ้ఀىஅҏনࠌȯܚජक़ޟ፞แϱৠپࣼȂ๘σഋϷ഍ᇄҡࣀሯؑ ԤᜰȂЎڏоൢ֙ਪϛ୲ΙᇄᇯޣԤᜰޟҬ኿ȂΝ஼፡़ᇭఀᏰȂоᔓօ࿋ਢܚԤԑ ሆΡඡණҡԆཱིܻώཾϽޥོϛശफ़ϸՄஅҏޟ׬૖)Hsbibn-!2:78-!q/2*ȂшϷ৤ ౪юᄂҢቋ঄ᢎȄณՄȂڏтᇄҡࣀࣺᜰޟٱސ࢐ԃԪޟኄݿȂܚԤΡ᜸௃ٱޟࣀଢ଼ խн഍џоܹΣڏϛȂԙ࣏Ᏸਮ፞แޟશ؅ȄԃԪΙپȂӵԤ३ޟওཾ෈໢Ȃσ໔ቨ ёҡࣀࣺᜰޟࣀଢ଼፞แϞ๖ݎȂࣺᄇӴ߯ሯᕻ෵Ᏸ೚ܒ፞แȂ६ճᏰཾ኿ྥޟौؑȂ о࣏೻࢐ಒӫܚԤᏰҡϞแ࡙ޟհݲȂࠓϐѶўᐠ้ོ֯ޟઍғᆠડȂІইளپΟҁ ஷϽޟӠᐠȄӰԪȂ೻Ӌ༊өܻᄇת༈ಛМ໯ఀىޟൢ֙ਪȂᗶณೝІසᇄІᏰऋк

஻ᏰޱঈܚЛࡻ)Xsbhb-!3112-!q/626*Ȃծࠓζ७ᖝીм౩དܒᇄᏰ೚ܒޟȂᜲоஉ Ꮄଽ้ఀىܚሯΡϗޟ׳ຟȄ! ! ! ശࡣȂ൷ڏᄇᆣӫϛᏰޟ፞แ೩ॎনࠌࣼپȂ࢐ঙڎޥོਝ౥ڷޥོ௡ڙђ૖ޟ ΙᆍಢᙑᄺདȂആႆ҆ওޟ፞แל༭ڎԤޥོӓᜋޟي๡ϴҕȂӣਢᙤҥᒵও፞แ໌ ՗ҐپޥُོՓᇄᙛཾޟϷϽȄծਲ਼ҏޟ୰ᚠȂӵܻڏоҡࣀ࣏ٷᐃհ࣏፞แҬ኿Ȃ ׇӒ๿ಁܻᄂҢޟቋ঄ȂՄ஼፡ᄂҢҬ኿ޟϛ้ఀىȂ஠ᇄ१ຜᏰ೚૖ΨஉᎴޟଽ้ ఀىȂ౰ҡࣺ࿋σޟဣ৯Ȃӵଡؑڟູȃ஼፡Ӓ౨ᝯތޟਢфᗍ༖ϛȂᓍ։ՄپޟȂ ஠ོ࢐ѪΙݰё஼Ᏸ೚૖Ψȃ஼፡౩ܒ૖Ψޟ፞แ׽८੏ዘȄ! !

ӂȃ๖ᇭ!

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Ѭΰϛ้ఀى׽८ޟ१ौ٨แ࿬Ȃ࢐ΙӋ౏ڎቋ঄ޟఀىငڐȄ! !

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