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行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫 成果報告

犬蛔蟲症之肉芽腫性肝炎修補與致病之分子免疫病理機制

計畫類別: 個別型計畫

計畫編號: NSC93-2314-B-038-065-

執行期間: 93 年 08 月 01 日至 94 年 07 月 31 日 執行單位: 臺北醫學大學寄生蟲學科

計畫主持人: 范家

共同主持人: 蘇霩靄

計畫參與人員: 范家堃 蘇霩靄 林永和

報告類型: 精簡報告

處理方式: 本計畫可公開查詢

中 華 民 國 94 年 10 月 31 日

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本實驗以犬蛔蟲感染性蟲卵感染鼷鼠,探討犬蛔蟲幼蟲侵犯肝臟後所引致的早期

(early)、中期(middle)和晚期(late)肉芽腫性肝炎(granulomatous hepatitis)病變中轉型生長

因子貝它一型(TGF-β1)、組織麩胺酸轉胺酶(TG 2)、膠原蛋白(collagen)、阿爾法平滑肌

動蛋白(α-SMA)、增生性細胞核抗原(PCNA)與細胞凋亡(apoptosis)等相關蛋白於肝細

胞、肝臟星狀細胞(hepatic stellate cells; HSC)與發炎細胞的表現,最後利用影像分析軟體

(ImagePro, USA),於400倍視野(HPF)下隨機挑選約15-20個病灶區加以定量分析,以瞭

解上述細胞與因子參與「犬蛔蟲症肉芽腫性肝炎」致病與修復的機轉。而血清利用柯達

乾式生化儀檢測感染犬蛔蟲之株鼷鼠血清中丙胺酸轉胺酶(ALT)以監控肝臟損傷的情

形。每個(天或週)實驗組包含5隻感染與2隻未感染鼠,實驗設計為:鼷鼠感染犬蛔蟲後

的第一、三、五天共15 隻鼷鼠為早期感染組;感染後第四、六與八週共15 隻鼷鼠為中

期感染組;感染後第十二、十四與十六週共15 隻鼷鼠為晚期感染組;另包含年齡相符

的18 隻未感染鼠為控制組。結果顯示ALT數值在感染組之鼷鼠於感染早期(35.5 ± 9.4

IU/ml, P < 0.05)即出現高於控制組(20.8 ± 7.3 IU/ml)的情形,直至晚期亦然(57.8 ± 13.9

IU/ml, P < 0.05),此可能與犬蛔蟲幼蟲於鼷鼠肝臟持續移行或持續的發炎反應而造成肝

細胞之損傷有關。

組織免疫化學染色結果顯示:不論 TGF-β1(88.1 ± 22.9%, P < 0.05)、TG 2 (11.6 ±

4.4%, P < 0.05)、Collagen I (52.6 ± 1.2%, P < 0.05)、Collagen IV (57.5 ± 2.1%, P < 0.05)、

α-SMA (1.3± 0.4%, P < 0.05)、PCNA (46.1 ± 12.2%, P < 0.05)與 Apoptosis (8.1 ± 5.8%, P

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< 0.05)皆於感染後中期達最高之表現量,至晚期稍減;然而 Bcl-2 的表現則於感染後

晚期達到最高(39.4 ± 24.7%, P < 0.05)。分析表現的細胞型態顯示:浸潤的白血球細胞、

膽管上皮細胞與肉芽腫內之類上皮細胞皆被染出可表現 TGF-β1;而 TG2 則主要表現

在包圍於發炎病灶區的外圍或內部的肝臟細胞,值得注意的是膽管上皮細胞亦被發現

有相當強的表現;此外在病灶區內的竇間隙可發現相當明顯的α-SMA 的表現;不論是

Collagen type I 或 type IV 皆被發現主要分部於發炎病灶區的內或外圍,尤其是肉芽腫

有更明顯的表現;以上的證據似乎暗示 TGF-β1是處於被活化的狀態,並可促使肝臟

之 Stellate cell 分泌 Collagen 以修補受損的組織,另外表現 TG2 包圍於病灶區外圍的

肝細胞似乎有阻止病灶擴大的功用,然而上述因子持續的表現可能會因 Collagen 的過

度堆積而造成不可逆性的纖維化發生,反而破壞肝臟功能。值得注意的是:於浸潤的

發炎細胞與發炎細胞週邊的肝細胞核可發現明顯的 PCNA 表現,並且這些細胞亦有相

當強的 Bcl-2 的表現,然而此類細胞的 apoptosis 的表現確相對地偏低,此現象說明浸

潤的發炎細胞是持續的在反應,可能藉 Bcl-2 的表現來抑制凋亡的發生並進而達到延

長壽命,而這種發炎反應延長的情形將加深對肝臟的破壞。

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Fig. 1 Representative pathological changes by HE staining (bar = 50 um)

A-B: Early Gr.; C-D: Middle Gr.; E-F: Late Gr.

A

B

C

D

E

F

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Fig. 2 Representative TGF-1 expression by IHC staining (bar = 50 um)

A-B: Early Gr.; C-D: Middle Gr.; E-F: Late Gr.

A

B

C

D

E

F

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Fig. 3 Representative figures of α-SMA staining in TGH (bar = 50 um)

A-B: Early Gr.; C-D: Middle Gr.; E-F: Late Gr.

A

B

C

D

E

F

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Fig. 4 Representative figures of Collagen type I & IV expressions in TGH (bar = 50 um)

A, D: Early Gr.; B, E: Middle Gr.; C, F: Late Gr.

A-C: Collagen; D-F: Collagen IV B

C

D

E

F

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Fig. 5 Representative figures of TG2 expression in TGH (bar = 50 um)

A-B: Early Gr.; C-D: Middle Gr.; E-F: Late Gr.

A

B

C

D

E

F

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Fig. 6 Representative figures of apoptosis & Bcl-2 in TGH (bar = 50um)

A, D: Early Gr.; B, E: Middle Gr.; C, F: Late Gr.

A-C: TUNEL staining; D-F: Bcl-2 A

B

C

D

E

F

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Fig. 7 Representative PCNA expression in TGH (bar = 50 um)

A-B: Early Gr.; C, E: Middle Gr.; D,F: Late Gr.

A

B

C

D

E

F

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Table 1. Quantitative determination of inflammatory foci, sera ALT, TGF-β1,TG2,typeIand type IV collagen,α-SMA, and PCNA in

granulomatous hepatitis from groups of mice with early, middle, and late phase of Toxocara canis infection.

Group (number) Inflammatory focia sALTb TGF-β1c TG 2c Collagen Id Collagen IVd Total collagend E. gr. (n=15) 3.42.3** 35.59.4* 41.216.5** 6.18.2** 1.40.7 1.21.0 1.30.8 M. gr. (n=15) 6.51.8** 44.21.7** 88.122.9** 11.64.4** 52.61.2** 57.52.1** 55.11.8**

L. gr. (n=15) 6.81.4** 37.12.1* 57.813.9** 7.64.8** 37.11.1** 25.81.9** 31.51.6**

Ctrl (n=18) 1.20.7 20.87.3 6.31.2 0.00.0 1.10.3 0.80.4 1.00.4

Group (number) α-SMAd E. gr. (n=15) 0.60.4**

M. gr. (n=15) 1.30.4**

L. gr. (n=15) 0.90.3**

Ctrl (n=18) 0.20.1

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Table 1. (Continued) Quantitative determination of inflammatory foci, sera ALT, TGF-β1,typeIand typeIV collagen,HSC,PCNA, apoptosis,

and Bcl-2 in granulomatous hepatitis from groups of mice with early, middle, and late stage of Toxocara canis infection.

Group (numbers)

PCNAc

P NP Mean

§Apoptosisc

P NP Mean

Bcl-2c

ΦP ΨNP Mean

E. gr. (n=15) 6.85.5* 10.76.8** 8.86.0** 1.9 0.9* 1.5 0.7 1.70.8* 2.83.6 13.55.7** 8.25.0**

M. gr. (n=15) 55.111.4** 37.1 12.5** 46.1 12.2** 7.9 5.7** 8.3 5.9** 8.1 5.8** 26.314.2** 44.8 17.0** 35.6 18.0**

L. gr. (n=15) 27.78.0** 36.4 6.7** 32.1 7.8** 5.6 1.5** 7.6 2.7** 6.6 2.9** 24.19.9** 54.6 20.1** 39.4 24.7**

Ctrl (n=18) 3.31.3 3.31.9 3.31.7 1.10.3 1.20.4 1.20.3 2.21.3 2.60.9 2.41.1

Hematoxylin-Eosin staining;Immunohistochemical staining;Masson’s-Trichrome staining;§TUNEL: Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase

(TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling;ΦP: Parenchymal cells;ΨNP: Non-parenchymal cells; E. gr.: group of early stage of

infection; M. gr.: group of middle stage of infection; L. gr.: group of late stage of infection; *A significant difference between experimental and

uninfected control group was observed (P < 0.05); **A significant difference between experimental and uninfected control group was observed

(P < 0.01);amean numbers of inflammatory foci/low power field at 100magnification;bIU/L;cmean numbers of positive cells/high power field (HPF) at 400magnification;dmean percentage (%) of stained area/HPF.

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