Effects of Organization Culture,Understanding and Attitude Differences Expected in the 2nd Air Force Logistic Command,
王孝遠、賴文魁
E-mail: 9417988@mail.dyu.edu.tw
ABSTRACT
Any enterprise should have been fully careful planed and assessed before carrying on an organizational convert by a large margin, let along, the style of the national defense undertaking body for a long time is conservative, it is heavy and complicated for the
organization, regarding finishing the task as the work and leading. The military factors have to find out a proper way for transferring In order to save government's budget expenditure, promote their competition while the time they are facing the change of internal and external operating environment as well as complying with national defence logistical system of countries in the world.
Fortunately, on January 29, the 89th year of the Republic of China, both of The National Defense Law of National Defense and The Rules of Organization of National Defense issued by the President of ROC resulted in The State-run Privatization of Army's Factory obtained the source basis of the law eventually. The subjective for the present study is to research that will the organization culture, understanding of changes caused by privatization, and attitudes toward changes caused by privatization etc. create significant influence to who got promises from the organization, as well as research the connecting and dependence among the literary interfaces with the case of State-run Privatization of Army's Factory of the 2nd Air Force Logistic Command, Republic of China as the research object. Of which 280 were valid, the investigation were carried on distributing of 320 questionnaires to the subjects then collected data were analyzed with such as correlation analysis, regression analysis, route, analysis of variance, T assay analysis etc.
statistic analysis methods. Results of the research is as follow: 1. Organization culture has had a significant impact on organizational commitment. 2. Organization culture hasn’t had much of an impact on the understanding of changes caused by privatization. 3.
The understanding of changes caused by privatization has had a significant impact on the attitudes toward changes caused by privatization. 4. Organization culture hasn’t had much of an impact on the attitudes toward changes caused by privatization. 5.
The attitudes toward changes caused by privatization have had a significant impact on organizational commitment. 6. There is causality for Organization culture, the understanding of changes caused by privatization; privatization improves the attitude, the attitudes toward changes caused by privatization, organizational commitment.
Keywords : State-run privatization of army's factory, organization culture, the understanding of changes caused by privatization, the attitudes toward changes caused by privatization, organizational commitment
Table of Contents
封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書………iii 中文摘要………
………v 英文摘要………
………vi 誌謝………
…viii 目錄………ix 圖目錄………
………xi 表目錄………
………xii 第一章 緒論 1.1 研究背景………2 1.2 研究動機………3 1.3 研究目的………
………4 1.4 研究流程及研究範圍與對象………
……5 1.5 論文結構………7 第二章 文獻探討 2.1 國有民營化
………9 2.2 組織變革………
………20 2.3 組織文化………32 2.4 組 織承諾………36 第三章 研究方法 3.1 研究架構與研究設計…
………44 3.2 研究變數之操作性定義與衡量………
………46 3.3 研究樣本………49 3.4 資料分析方 法………53 3.5 各量表之因素分析與信度分析………
………55 第四章 實證研究分析與結果 4.1 各研究變項之描述性統計………
………67 4.2 員工個人特性在各研究變項之差異分析………69 4.3 各研究變 項之相關性分析………77 4.4 各相關衡量構面間之影響關係………
………82 4.5 各相關衡量構面間之互動關係………89 第 五章 研究結論與建議 5.1 研究結論………97 5.2 建議與研究 限制………99 參考文獻………
………104 附錄………
…111
REFERENCES
一、中文文獻 1. 王慶輝等人，「政府與企業」，國立空中大學，(2001)，p.311-329。 2. 江岷欽，(民82)，組織分析，五南圖書。 3. 吳定
，(民85)，組織發展:理論與技術，天一圖書。 4. 李美枝，(民58 增)，「社會心理學」，大洋出版社，頁296-298。 5. 李文福，「經濟學
」，中華電視股份有限公司，p.437，(1997)。 6. 林欽榮，「人力資源管理」，前程企業管理公司，p.412-416，p.472-486(1997)。 7. 河野 豐宏，(民81)，改造企業文化，遠流圖書。 8. 姜占魁，(民85)，行政學，五南圖書。 9. 徐聯恩，(民85)，企業變革系列研究，華泰圖書。
10. 許士軍，(民84)，管理學，東華書局。 11. 陳師孟、林忠正、朱敬一、張清溪、施俊吉、劉錦添，(民82)，解構黨國資本主義─論台灣 官營 事業的私有化，澄社。 12. 張家洋，「行政法」，三民書局，p.373，(2002)。 13. 鄧東濱，(民77)，管理技巧─員工問題之診斷與處 理，格致管理顧問公司。 14. 謝安田，(民78)，企業研究方法:自版。 15. 丁虹，(民86)，「企業文化與組織承諾之關係研究」，政大企管 研究所，博士論文。 16. 丁淑華，(民89)，「民營化變革認知與離職意願關係之研究─以中華電信員工為例」，中山大學 人力資源管理 研究所，碩士論文。 17. 王清全，(民93)，「組織變革過程中不確定因素之探討─以中華電信民營化為例」，碩士論文， 成功大學企業 管理研究所。 18. 方冠棋，(民90)，「企業文化、組織氣候與員工工作滿足對公司承諾之影響研究」，碩士論文， 大業大學工業工程研 究所。 19. 李漢盈，(民83)，「組織變革中員工態度之研究─我國國營電信事業員工的調查分析」，政大公 共行政研究所論文。 20. 呂 碧茹，(民87)，「高科技產業企業文化、經營策略與人力資源發展及組織績效之研究」，碩士 論文，成大企業管理研究所。 21. 柯際雲
，(民84)，「企業員工個人特質、及其知覺之工作特性與領導形態對組織承諾的影響」， 碩士論文，國立中興大學企業管理研究所。
22. 陳金貴，(民67)，「組織變革中員工抗拒的研究」，碩士論文，政大公共行政研究所。 23. 陳烈甫，(民91)，「民營化組織變革中員工 反應態度與離職意願之調查研究─台電員工之觀點」， 碩士論文，淡江大學管理科學研究所。 24. 劉家源，(民88)，「公共事業民營化 策略與員工態度之研究─以中國石油公司為例」，碩士論文， 成功大學企業管理研究所。 25. 蔡瑤卿，(民92)，「中華電信員工對民營 化組織變革認知與態度相關性之研究」，碩士論文，東海 大學公共事務研究所。 26. 石齊平、蔡妙姍，(民79)，公營事業民營化─論公 經濟部門最適比例問題，財稅研究月刊，第22 卷第3 期，p.50。 27. 司徒達賢，(民84)，台灣國營事業的出路─民營化，經濟前瞻
，p.116-119。 28. 李慰遲，(民84)，民營化探源，公營事業民營化快訊，第3 期，p.23。 29. 邱毅，(民87)，中華電信的企業在造，經濟前 瞻，第60 期，p.122-125。 30. 翁家禧，(民82)，我國現階段公營事業民營化政策的評析，台灣經濟，第193 期，p.14-33。 31. 陳朝威，(
民80)，公營事業民營化之問題與探討，中華工程雜誌，第271-272 期。 32. 黃國隆，(民75)，「中學教師的組織承諾與專業承諾」，政治 大學學報，第53 期，p.55-84。 33. 黃昌宏，(民89)，員工面臨組織變革行為模式之研究；以台北航空貨運站民營化為例，中國行政，
第68 期，p.19-70。 34. 航太通訊，51 期。 35. 國防部物力司(2001)，推動建立「軍工廠國有民營」制度之研究。國防部物力司(2001)，國 防科技 工業機構委託民間經營管理辦法草案。 36. 國防部物力司(2001)，國防科技工業機構產品銷售辦法，五月。 37. 熊培霖等，(1999)
，國軍軍工廠「國有民營化」推動政策與計畫作為芻議，航太通訊。 二、英文文獻 1. Angle, H. L. and Perry, J.M.(1981), An Empirican Assessment Organizational Commitment and Organizational Effectiveness, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 26, pp1-14. 2. Armenakis, A.
A., Harris, S.G., and Mossholder, (1993), K. W.”Creating readiness for Organizational change”, Human Relation, 30(6), pp.203-213. 3.
Cameron K. S.(1985), “Culture Congruence Strength and Type :Relationships to Effective”, Working Paper, Business School, University of Michigan. 4. Cuieford, J. P.(1965), Fundamental Statistics in Psychology and Education 4th Edition, McGraw Hill. 5. Cumming, Thomas G. &
Huse E. F. , (1989), “Organization Development and Change”, St. Paul, Minn, West. 6. Deal, T. E. and Kennedy, A. A., (1982), Corporate Culture : The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life, Addison-Wesley. 7. Ellen J. Wallach, (1983), Individuals and Organizations : The cultural;
March, Treaning and Development Journal, pp.29-36. 8. Ernst, John．”Privatization. International Encyclopedia of Public Policy and Administration，「 Boulder， Colorado:Westview.p1741-1744.(1998)。 9. Ferris, K. R., and Aryanya, N. A., (1983), “Comparison of two Organizational Commitment scales”, Personal Psychology, vol.36, pp.27-99. 10. Hair, J. F., R. E., Rolph, L. R. Tatham, & Black, W. C. (1998), Multivariate Data Analysis. NJ : Prentice-Hall. 11. Hammer, M. & Champy, J., (1993), “Reengineering the Corporation – a manifesto for business revolution”, Haper Business, New York. 12. Hodge, B. J., and H. J. Johnson (1970), Management and Organizational Behavior-A Multi-demensional Approach, N. Y. John Wily & Sons, pp.432-433. 13. Leavitt, H. J., (1976), “Applied Organization Change in industry”, In J.
G March (eds.), Handbook of Organization, Chicago : Rand McNally, pp.144-167. 14. Maier, K. F., (1995), ”Psychology in industry”, Boston Houghton miffin Co.P158-162. 15. Moon, M. J., (2000), ” Organizational Commitment Revisited in New Public Management : Motivation, Organizational Culture,Sector, and managerial Level”, Public Performance and Management Review, vol.24, No.2, pp.177-194. 16. Mowday, R.
T., Poter, L. W., and Steers, R. M., (1982), Employee- Organization Linkage: The Psychology of Commitment Absenteeism, and Turnover, New York : Academic press. 17. M. Fishbein (eds) , “Reading In Attitude Theory and Measurement”，New York:John Wiley, P257， (1967)。 18.
M.E.Shaw & J.M﹒Wright, “Scales for the Measurement of Attitudes”，New York:Me Graw—Hill Book, Corp。 19. O,Reilly, C., (1989),
“Corporation, Cultures and Commitment : Motivation and Social Control in Organization”, California Management Review, vol.3, No.4, pp.11-25. 20. Porter, L. M., Steer, R. M., Mowday, R. T., &Boulian, P. V., (1974), “Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover
among Psychiatric Technicians”, Journal of Applied Psychology vol.59, No.5, pp.603-609. 21. Porter & Smith, (1976), Organization Commitment and Behavior an Human Performance, 15, 87-98. 22. Recardo, R. J., (1991), “The What, Why and How of Change Management”,
Manufacturing Systems, vol.9, No.5, pp.52-58. 23. Robbins, Stephen P., (1996), Organizational Behavior : Controversies, and Applications, New Jersey : Prentice-Hall Inc. 24. Robbins, Stephen P., (1991), Management, NY : Prentice-Hall Inc.,pp.411-436. 25. Rosenberg D., (1993), Eliminating Resistance to Change, Security Management, pp.20-21. 26. Reitz, H. Joseph, Behavior in Organizations, Homewood
，Illinois:Richard D, Irwiw， Inc. Robbins, Stephen P516﹒(1981)。 27. Savas, E.S. “Privatization.”In Encyclopedia of government And Politics,ed.Mary Hawkwsworth, and Maurie Kogan. London and New. York: Routledge 2: p 821-836﹒(1992) 。 28. Schein, Edgar H., (1985), Organizational Culture and Leadership,San Francisco : Jossey Bass. 29. Silverman, D., (1968), “Formal Organization or Industrial Sociology : Toward a Social Action Analysis of Organization”, Socilogy, vol.2, pp.221-223. 30. Smircich, Linda, (1983), ”Concepts of Culture and
Organizational Analysis”, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.28, No.3, pp.339. 31. Staw, B. M., (1977), “Two sides of commitment”, Paper presented at Annual Meeting of Academy of Management, Orlando, Florida, Augest. 32. Robbins, Stephen P., (1993), “Organizational Behavior
”, New Jersey : Prentice-Hall, Inc. pp.600-622. 33. Steven H. Hanke, (1987), Prospect for Privatization, New York : Academy of Political Science.
34. Stevens et al. (1978), “Assessing Personal, Role, and Organizational Predictors of Managerial Commitment”, Academy of Management Journal, 21(3), p.382. 35. Van Horn, Carl E., (1990), The Myths and Realities of Privatization, in William T. Gormley ed., Privatization and Its Alternatives, Madison, Wisconsin : University of Wisconsin Press. 36. Wiener, Y., (1982), “Commitment in Organization : A Normative View”, Academy of Management Review, No.7, pp.421-429. 37. Zaltman, G. & Duncan, R., (1977), “Strategies for Planned Change”, N.Y. : John Wiley and Sons.
