升麻及紅番石榴葉極性成份之研究
Studies on the Polar Constitutents from Cimicifugae Rhizoma and Red Guava
中文摘要
中文摘要極性物質在天然物中具有相當重要之價值，但很少被研究，許 多天然藥物的活性成份就是這些極性化合物。近年來，由於純化技術之發 展，極性成份開始在研究上倍受注目。因此，本論文以天然資源之開發應 用為目的，對升麻之乾燥根莖及紅肉番石榴葉進行研究，探討其所含之極 性化合物。傳統中藥升麻為毛茛科植物興安升麻之乾燥根莖，過去有關升 麻屬植物之研究均偏重於 triterpenes 及 chromones 兩類化合物，對於其極 性物質研究甚少。經由各種管柱層析，從升麻中分離出七個化合物，利用 光譜數據及化學方法分析後，目前鑑定出其中五個化合物分別為
isoferulic acid (1)、1-O-feruloyl-(-D-glucose (2)、
cimiisoferulnin (3)、cimicinin (4)、cimidanin (5)，其中 isoferulic acid (1)及 cimiisoferulnin (3)為主成份，而
cimiisoferulnin (3)、cimicinin (4)、cimidanin (5)為首次自天然界
中分離出之新化合物。紅肉番石榴為桃金孃科植物番石榴之變種，原產熱 帶美洲臺灣目前已有引進栽培，其綠葉在民間用來治療高血糖及腹泄。將 新鮮葉子以 70 % 丙酮進行萃取，經各種管柱層析，共得十八個化合物，
其結構經確認為 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-(-D-glucose
(6)、1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-(-D-glucose (7)、strictinin (8)、
pednuculagin (9)、praeoxin A (10)、castalagin (11)、casurinin (12)、acutissimin A (13)、catechin (14)、gallocatechin (15)、
procyanidin B-1 (16)、quercetin 3-O-galactoside (17)、quercetin 3-O-gluconide (18)、quercetin 3-O-(-arabinofuranoside (19)、
myricetin 3-O-galactoside (20)、myricetin 3-O-(-
arabinofuranoside (21)、myricetin 3-O-arabinopyranoside (22)及 redguavnin (23)。pednuculagin (9)為其主要成份，redguavnin (23)為 首度發現之新化合物。
英文摘要
AbstractPolar constituents of natural products play very important role in folk medicine, but their characteristic still remained to be investigated. The major biological activities exerted from many herbs are polar constituents. Owing to, the development of purifying technique, polar constituents has been
drawn attentions to researchers for investigation. Therefore, for the purpose lf developing and applying natural sources, a chemical investigation of polar compounds in dried rhizome of Cimicifuga dahurica Maxim. and leaves of Red guava were performed.Cimicifugae rhizoma, refers to the rhizome of
Cimicifuga dahurica Maxim. belongs to Ranunculaceae. In the past , many triterpenes and chromones were isolated from Cimicifuga spp., but their polar constituents and related compounds are still remained to be investigated. By various column
chromatographies seven compounds were isolated and purified in our laborabories. Their structures were determinated basely on the spectroscopic data and chemical analysis, we characterized these compounds as isoferulic acid (1), 1-O-feruloyl-(-D-glucose (2), cimiisoferulnin (3), cimicinin (4), cimidanin (5). Among them, cimiisoferulnin and isoferulic acid were the major components, wherease cimiisoferulnin (3), cimicinin (4) and cimidanin (5) were identified as new llmpounds.Red guava, a variant of Psidium guajava L. of Myrtaceae, was originated from tropic America and having been naturalized in Taiwan for a long time. The green leaves of red guava were used as a folk medicine in treatment of hyperglycemia and diarrhea. However, the active chemical constituents and related pharmacological activities are still remained to be exploited. The leaves were extracted with 70 % aqueous acetone. By means of various column
chromatographies, eighteen compounds were isolated and purified.
The structures of these compounds were elucidated as 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-(-D-glucose (6), 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O- galloyl-(-D-glucose (7), strictinin (8), pednuculagin (9), praeoxin A (10), castalagin (11), casurinin (12), acutissimin A (13), catechin (14), gallocatechin (15), procyanidin B-1 (16), quercetin 3-O-galactoside (17), quercetin 3-O-gluconide (18), quercetin 3-O-(-arabinofuranoside (19), myricetin3-O-galactoside (20), myricetin 3-O-(-arabinofuranoside (21), myricetin 3-O- arabinopyranoside (22), and redguavnin (23). Among them, the major component was pednuculagin and the redguavnin (23) is new compound.
