柴油車黑煙排放總量之研究

ॻڵ֘โ໬ଵٸᓁณ̝ࡁտ

ڒࡌᖳ! അБҦ! ችޙฯ

઼ϲލڌࡊԫ̂ጯ֘ዃ̍඀ր

ၡ! ࢋ

ώ͛͹ࢋ೩΍˘࣎ࢍზЧॻڵ֘჌ଵٸᓁณ۞͞ڱĂ֭ซ˘ՎҤზ΍ٙѣ ॻڵ֘۞ѐโ໬ଵٸᓁณĄٙᏜ۞Чॻڵ֘჌ଵٸᓁณĂ޽۞ߏՏ˘჌ॻڵ֘

ዃ˘ѐٙଵٸ۞โ໬ᓁࢦณĂ׎ࣃ˜ϤπӮଵٸณࢷͽྍ֘჌۞ᇴณ҃଀ֽĄ

҃ٙᏜ۞πӮଵٸณĂ޽۞ߏྍ֘჌Տ˘ዃ֘Տѐ۞πӮโ໬ଵٸณĄ׎ѨĂ ώࡁտӀϡˣ˩ˣѐޘލڌᎩॻڵ֘ଵ໬ᑭീࢍထٙ଀ז۞ 1188 ඊീྏྤफ़ ઇࠎࢍზቑּĂֽᛚࢗࢍზ۞࿅඀Ą൒ޢĂӀϡٙᒔ଀۞ඕڍĂֽଣ੅ྍᎩॻ ڵ֘۞ଵٸপّĄ఺ᇹ̄۞ඕڍĂΞͽүࠎࢎؠॻڵ֘გטඉர۞ણ҂Ą ᙯᔣෟĈॻڵ֘ଵ໬ᑭീăπӮโ໬ଵٸณăπӮଵٸܼᇴăॻڵ֘გטඉரĄ

A STUDY ON THE TOTAL EMISSION VOLUME OF DIESEL VEHICLE

Chiu-Feng Lin Chyuan-Yaw Tseng Chien-Hsiung Tsai

Department of Vehicle Engineering

National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung, Taiwan 900, R.O.C.

Key Words: diesel emission testing, average diesel engine emission, emission control strategy.

ABSTRACT

This paper proposes a method to calculate the total emission volume of diesel vehicles. The total emission volume is the total weight of the emitted particular materials of all diesel vehicles in an area. It is obtained by multiplying the average emission and the total numbers of the vehicles.

The proposed method is used to calculate the total diesel vehicle emission in Ping-Tung county area. The testing data from Ping-Tung county diesel vehicle emission testing project are used in the calculation. The results are used as a reference for scheduling further diesel vehicle emission control.

˘ăቡϤᄃϫ۞

ܕѐֽĂϤٺ֘ዃᇴ۞ᆐᆧĂጱ࡭۩ঈݡኳ۞ާᆐೋ

̼ĄЯѩĂᒖܲཌ᎕ໂఢထЧ჌გטࢍထֽԼච۩ঈ۞ݡ ኳĄ׎͹ࢋඉரĂߏͽგטЧ჌ᆿঈ۞ଵٸᓁณֽ྿זĄ

ٙᏜ۞ᓁณგטĂܼ޽д˘ؠડાቑಛ̰Ă၆ٺٙგט۞

۩ঈѳߖۏĂซҖᓁटధଵٸᇴณ۞ࢨטନ߉Ą҃ࠎ˞၁ னᓁณგט۞ϫ۞Ăԧ઼ᒖܲཌซҖ˞˭Е۞͹ࢋ̍үี

ϫ[1]Ĉ(1)ޙϲ۩ঈݡኳᇾ໤ć(2)ޙϲ۩ঈݡኳႾീ৭შĂ ѣड़உᄏ֭ͅᑕ۩ঈݡኳனڶć(3)ထ̶۩ঈݡኳડĂֶ֭

ᅮࢋĂ̶ഇ̳Әᓁณგטડć(4)ࢎؠ֭ેҖᓁณგטࢍ൪

̈́۩ঈѳߖ֨טࢍ൪ć(5)ֶ۩ঈݡኳனڶĂ̶ࠎ௑Ъ̙̈́

௑Ъ۩ঈݡኳᇾ໤۞ડાć(6)੫၆̙௑Ъ۩ঈݡኳᇾ໤ડ

ાĂซҖᓁณ݇ഴĂ੫၆௑Ъ۩ঈݡኳᇾ໤ડાซҖѳߖ ۏटధᆧณࢨࣃგטć(7)ଯજ׍གྷᑻᄵЯ۞ଵٸณᐼхă ٯೱ̈́ϹٽטޘĄ఺ֱ̍үีϫ۞ଯજĂ݋̶Ҿ੫၆̙Т

(AP-42)

CEM

A B C D E

ဦ 1! ଵٸณҤზ͞ڱ[3]

۞۩ঈѳߖ໚ֽซҖĄ҃ࠎ˞ࢋึӀଯҖ˯ࢗ۞̍үĂᓁ ณ۞ࢍზಶព଀࠹༊ࢦࢋĄЯѩĂ೩΍˘इ໤ቁ۞ѳߖᓁ ณࢍზ͞ё݋ߏ̙Ξٕ৿ĄϤٺॻڵ֘ᆿঈଵٸგט[2]ߏ

˯ࢗ̍ีϫ༊̚ࢦࢋ۞˘ᒖĄЯѩĂώࡁտ͹ࢋ೩΍˘࣎

ࢍზॻڵ֘ଵ໬ᓁณ۞ࢍზ͞ёĄͽ௑Ъᓁณგטඉர۞

ᅮՐĄ

ॻڵ֘ଵ໬ᓁณ۞Ҥზѣೀ჌̙Т۞͞ёĂтဦ 1 ٙ ϯĄ׎̚Ăດд˯ᆸ۞͞ڱ΃ܑٙᅮࢋ܅෱۞јώ(Βӣॡ มăˠ˧ͽ̈́ܛ᏿ඈ)ດ੼Ą҃ດдΠᙝ۰Ă΃ܑ׎Ξܫޘ ດ੼Ą׎̚ĂӀϡଵٸܼᇴ۞үڱ౵צז͵ࠧЧ઼ٙᝌܓĄ ЯࠎĂΪࢋפ଀ଵٸܼᇴĂ݋ଵٸᓁณ۞ҤზಶӀϡଵٸ

ܼᇴࢷ˯ଵٸ໚۞ᇴϫĂГࢷ˯ଵٸ໚۞πӮ߿જณֽ଀

זĄͽॻڵ֘۞ଵٸณҤზ҃֏Ă׎ଵٸܼᇴ۞ಏҜಶߏ (mg/km/ዃ֘)ĄЯѩĂԧࣇΪࢋۢ྽ᓁ֘ዃᇴͽ̈́Տዃ֘

۞πӮҖዺ֧඀ಶΞͽՐ଀ଵٸณĄ҃ԧ઼ᒖܲཌĂϒߏ Ӏϡѩ˘͞ڱֽҤზဩ̰Ч჌ѳߖۏኳ۞ଵٸᓁณĄ

ӀϡଵٸܼᇴֽซҖଵٸณҤზ۞͞ڱᔵ൒࠹༊གྷ ᑻĂҭݒ˵ࢉϠధкયᗟĄࢵАĂϤဦ 1 ΞۢĂଵٸܼᇴ

̶ࠎк჌ඈ৺Ą఺̙Т۞ඈ৺͹ࢋצזଵٸܼᇴᒔ଀࿅඀

۞ᇆᕏĄтڍଵٸܼᇴ۞Ր଀Ăߏགྷ࿅ͅᖬ۞រᙋͽ̈́ந ኢ۞រᙋĂ݋ඈ৺ດ੼ĄҭߏĂтڍ൑ڱቁ၁଀ۢயϠ࿅

඀༊̚ĂՏ࣎࿅඀၆ଵٸۏኳ۞ᇆᜩĂΪਕಶ౵ޢ۞ଵٸ ඕڍү੅ኢ۞ྖĂ׎ඈ৺ΞਕྵҲĄҭߏĂтڍ˫ਕૉ଀

ז࠹༊ჟ໤۞Ҥზ۞ྖĂඈ৺ಶ࠹༊੼Ąᓁ҃֏̝Ăଵٸ

ܼᇴົЯࠎ׎ჟ໤ޘ҃ᇆᜩ׎ඈ৺Ą

Ω˘࣎યᗟ݋ߏĂଵٸܼᇴــΪͅᑕߙᙷଵٸ໚۞

πӮࣃĂ၆ٺՀ௟ొ۞̶Ҿ݋̙ΐͽ੅ኢĄּтᄲĂ઼࡚

ᒖܲཌ̳ٙҶ۞ॻڵ֘โ໬ଵٸܼᇴĂዋϡֽ΃઼ܑ࡚Б

઼ॻڵ֘โ໬۞ଵٸܼᇴ۞πӮࣃĄૄώ˯Ă఺ᇹ̄۞˘

࣎ࢍზ͞ёߏ઄నՏ˘ዃ֘۞ଵٸౌ࠹ТĄ఺ᇹ̄۞˘࣎

઄నटٽౄјໂ̂۞ᄱमć༊Ч֘჌۞ᇴณ̙πӮॡĂಶ

ົౄјᄱमĄ׎ѨĂ఺ᇹ̄۞ଯҤሀё൑ڱ଀זՏ࣎֘჌

۞ଵٸপّĄЯѩĂ˵ಶ՟Ᏹڱѣड़۞੫၆Ч࣎֘჌ֽט

ࢎ΍Ъዋ۞გטඉரĄٙᏜ۞Ъዋ۞გטඉரΒӣ˞გט

۞ᙱٽޘăგט۞јώăͽ̈́გט۞јड़Ą఺ֱЯ৵ౌצ ז̙Т֘჌۞ᇆᜩĄ

઼࡚੫၆Ч჌۞ଵٸ໚࠰ѣࢎؠ׎ଵٸܼᇴĄಶߏٙ

Ꮬ۞ AP-42 ଵٸܼᇴ[4]Ą҃ԧ઼ᒖܲཌಶڻϡ AP-42 ༊̚

ѣᙯٺॻڵ֘۞ଵٸܼᇴࣃĂֽซҖॻڵ֘ଵٸᓁณ۞ෞ

ҤĄ఺ᇹ̄۞үڱĂੵ˞ѣ˯ࢗ۞યᗟ̝γĂ˵Яԧ઼ᄃ

઼࡚۞މ៍ᒖဩѣ࠹༊඀ޘ۞मளĂ҃ౄјٸܼᇴᑕѣព

඾۞̙ТĄ఺ֱމ៍ᒖဩ۞मளΒӣϹ఼ېڶ۞̙Тͽ̈́

ዼዺ۰௫ّ۞̙ТඈĄϒт[3]༊ٙ̚ౘࢗ۞˘ਠĂଵٸܼ

ᇴ۞ࣃĂົЯՐפ۞࿅඀࿅ٺᖎ̼Ă҃ౄјᇴࢺ۞मளĄ ԧ઼д఺ᇹ̄ڻϡ઼࡚ᇴፂ۞ଐڶ˭ĂಶົЯᓁณ۞Ҥზ

᏾ᄱĂ҃૲ֽՙඉ۞᏾ᄱĄੵ˞઼࡚̝γĂለ༖˵̳Ҷ׎

ଵٸܼᇴ[5]Ăϡͽ೩ֻගለ༖۞઼छࢍზ׎۩ঈѳߖۏ۞

ᓁณĄ

ᙯٺଵٸܼᇴĂᒖܲཌഅགྷ؎੉̍ࡁੰ፟ࡁٙซҖॻ ڵ֘ѳߖٸච۞ෞҤĄ੫၆ѳߖԼචณ۞ࢍზĂྍಏҜซ Җ˞ࡶ̒۞၁រĂ଀זЧ჌ଵ໬ፋڼన౯۞ԼචܼᇴĄ൒

ޢĂӀϡፋѐޘॻڵ̚۞አ࣒ᇴณăአ࣒ٙౄј۞ѳߖԼ චܼᇴăॻڵ֘۞ѐπӮҖዺ֧඀ăͽ̈́አ࣒݈۞πӮଵ ٸܼᇴĂֽҤზଵ໬Լචณ[6]ĄΞଓ۞ߏĂזϫ݈ࠎͤĂ

఺࣎ࢍထٙᒔ଀۞ࣃࠎԼචܼᇴĂ҃ܧଵٸܼᇴώ֗ĄЯ ѩĂޙϲ˘इώ˿ّ۞ଵٸܼᇴࣃĂಶព଀ג̙टቤĄ

ώࡁտٙ೩΍۞͞ڱĂӀϡ˞ᒖܲཌ᎕ໂଯજ۞ॻڵ

֘જ˧৭ଵ໬ᑭീᇴፂĂֽࢍზ΍Ч֘჌۞ଵ໬ܼᇴĄ

൒ޢĂӀϡ఺ֱଵ໬ܼᇴăЧ֘჌۞ᇴณăͽ̈́Ч֘჌

۞ѐπӮ֧඀ֽࢍზ΍ଵ໬ᓁณĄ఺࣎ࢍထనཉغሹજ

˧ࢍ[7]Ăᑭീ۞࿅඀ߏॲፂ CNS11644(൑࢑ྶާΐిീ

ྏ)ͽ̈́ CNS11645(Б࢑ྶؠᖼిീྏ)[7-9]ֽેҖĄૄώ

˯Ă൑࢑ྶާΐిീྏߏд۩ᑫ̝˭ާኽڵܝٙീ଀۞

โ໬ଵٸࣃĄ҃Б࢑ྶؠᖼి݋ߏͽ౵̂੺˧ᖼిࠎ

໤Ă̶Ҿд׎ 100%ă60%ă40%ˬ̙࣎Тؠᖼి̝˭ٙ

ീ଀۞ඕڍĄ౵ޢĂր௚ܮΞॲፂଵٸᇾ໤ͽ̈́ᑭീඕ ڍĂֽҿؠߏӎ̙Ъॾ[11]Ąд̙Ъॾ۞ҿؠ͞ࢬâഇ

֘(82.7.1 ͽ݈΍ᇄ)̝ᇾ໤ࠎ 50%̙౅ЍதĂ˟ഇ֘(82.7.1 Ҍ 89.7.1 ̝ม΍ᇄ)̝ᇾ໤ࠎ 40%̙౅ЍதĂˬഇ֘(89.7.1 ͽޢ΍ᇄ)̝ᇾ໤ࠎ 35%̙౅ЍதĄ҃ώࡁտܮߏ೩΍˘࣎

Ӏϡ˯ࢗ۞ᑭീඕڍͽ̈́֘ዃ۞፟ၹপّĂֽଯზ΍Ч֘

჌۞ଵٸܼᇴĄ൒ޢĂГӀϡଵٸܼᇴֽࢍზ΍ଵٸᓁณĄ

҃дᇴࣃ۞ྻზ˯ĂώࡁտߏӀϡˣ˩ˣѐޘލڌᎩॻڵ

֘જ˧৭ଵ໬ᑭീᇴፂүࠎቑּĄ౵ޢ֭੫၆ࢍზ۞ඕ ڍĂ̶ژ΍ލڌᎩॻڵ֘۞ଵ໬পّĄͽүࠎ̫ޢซҖგ טඉரטࢎ˯۞ᑒӄĄ

˟ăଵ໬ᓁณଯҤሀё

ώ͛ٙ೩΍۞ଵ໬ᓁณଯҤሀёĂࢵАӀϡ AVL407

໬ޘࢍĂֽᑭീॻڵ֘ٙଵٸ۞โ໬̙౅ЍதĄ൒ޢĂӀ ϡٙณീ۞̙౅ЍதֽՐ଀โ໬۞፧ޘĂ˵ಶߏಏҜଵٸ ณ༊̚۞โ໬ᓁࢦณĄତ඾ĂГӀϡโ໬፧ޘֽՐ଀ଵ໬

ܼᇴ֭Ӏϡٙᒔ଀۞ଵ໬ܼᇴĂֽࢍზॻڵ֘۞ଵ໬ᓁ ณĄͽ˭Ă݋ྎ௟ᛚࢗଯҤ۞࿅඀Ą

850 800 750 700 650 600 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50

00 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 (mg/cm3)

(%)

ဦ 2! ̙౅Ѝதᄃโ໬፧ޘ̝၆ᑕࣃ

1. โ໬፧ޘೱზ

Ϥٺॻڵ֘જ˧৭ᑭീඕڍ˜ߏโ໬۞̙౅ЍதĄࠎ

˞ࢋՐ଀ॻڵ֘۞ଵ໬ᓁณĂ݋υื૟โ໬۞̙౅Ѝதᖼ ೱࠎโ໬፧ޘĄࠎ˞଀ז఺࣎ᙯܼĂώࡁտࢵАӀϡ໬ޘ

ࢍ۞ΑਕĂࡔᐂՏѨᑭീॡ̝̙౅Ѝதᄃโ໬፧ޘ၆ᑕ ࣃĂ׎ඕڍтဦ 2 ٙϯĄ

дѩဦ༊̚Ăፖคࠎโ໬̙౅ЍதĂ҃ᓂค݋ࠎ࠹၆ ᑕ̝โ໬፧ޘĄ൒ޢĂܮΞӀϡ఺࣎၆ᑕᙯܼͽ̈́ਫ਼ᕩ̶

ژ۞͞ڱ[10]ֽՐ଀̙౅Ѝதᄃโ໬፧ޘ۞౵ָ̼ᙯܼ

ёĄඕڍт˭ёٙϯĂ

3 2 0.0024 053

.

0 x + x

ρ = (1)

其中

ρ Ĉโ໬፧ޘ(mg/cc) x Ĉ̙౅Ѝத(%)

2. ॻڵ֘โ໬ଵٸܼᇴ۞ࢍზ

Ϥ̝݈۞ᛚࢗĂԧࣇۢ྽ଵٸܼᇴ۞ؠཌྷ˜ߏಏҜҖ ዺ֧඀ٙଵٸ΍ֽ۞ᚙঙ຋௕ࢦณĄЯѩĂଵٸܼᇴ۞Ր פΞͽ౅࿅˭Е̳ёֽᒔ଀ć

−9

=t_rV_eρe

α (2)

׎̚

α Ĉଵٸܼᇴ(̳ጟ/̳֧)

t ĈՏ̳֧۞͔ᑜᓁᖼᇴ(ᖼ/̳֧) r

V Ĉ͔ᑜՏᖼٙଵٸ۞ᆿঈณ(cc/ᖼ) e

ρ Ĉโ໬፧ޘ(mg/cc)

׎̚Ă͔ᑜՏᖼٙଵٸ۞ᆿঈณΞͽ౅࿅ՠ࡙ଵঈณ ͽ̈́˟Җ඀ٕαҖ඀ֽ଀זĄϤٺϫ݈ٙҖዺٺ̳ྮ˯̝

ॻڵ֘࠰ࠎαҖ඀Ă߇πӮՏᖼ۞ଵঈณࠎՠ࡙टณ۞˘

ΗĄ҃дЧ֘჌Տ̳֧Җዺ֧඀͔ᑜᓁᖼᇴ۞פ଀˯Ăώ ࡁտӀϡҖዺ෼ᗓᄃ֘ి۞ͧࣃ࠹ඈٺ͔ᑜᓁᖼᇴᄃ͔ᑜ ᖼిͧࣃ࠹ඈ۞ᙯܼёֽ଀זĂт˭ёٙϯĈ

ω / /u T_r

d = (3)

׎̚

d ĈಏҜҖዺ֧඀(̳֧) u Ĉ֘ి(̳֧/̶ᛗ)

T ĈҖዺ d ֧඀̝͔ᑜᓁᖼᇴ(ᖼ) r

ω Ĉ͔ᑜᖼి(rpm)

҃ώࡁտ۞ϫ۞дՐ଀Տ̳֧۞͔ᑜᖼᇴĂЯѩ u

d T

t_r = _r/ =ω/ (4)

׎̚

t ĈಏҜҖዺ֧඀̝͔ᑜᖼᇴ(ᖼ/̳֧) r

Ϥٺώࡁտ۞͹ࢋϫ۞дՐ଀ॻڵ֘Ч֘჌۞πӮ ଵٸܼᇴĂЯѩĂ(2)ёᑕԼᆷࠎ˭ёֽ଀זπӮଵٸܼᇴ

−9

=t_ravgV_{eavg avg}e

avg ρ

α (5)

׎̚

αavg ĈЧ֘჌۞πӮଵٸܼᇴ(̳ጟ/̳֧)

travg ĈЧ֘჌Տ̳֧Җዺ֧඀͔ᑜᓁᖼᇴ۞πӮࣃ

! (ᖼ/̳֧)

veavg ĈЧ֘჌͔ᑜՏᖼᆿঈଵٸณ۞πӮࣃ(cc/ᖼ) ρavg ĈЧ֘჌ᆿঈโ໬፧ޘ۞πӮࣃ(mg/cc)

౵ޢĂЧ֘჌۞ѐπӮଵٸณ݋ߏπӮଵٸܼᇴࢷͽ ѐπӮҖዺ֧඀Ăт˭ёٙϯĈ

avg avg

avg α D

ξ = (6)

׎̚

ξavg ĈπӮѐଵٸณ(̳ጟ/ѐ/ዃ) αavg ĈπӮଵٸܼᇴ(̳ጟ/̳֧) Davg ĈπӮҖዺ֧඀(̳֧/ѐ/ዃ)

҃Ч֘჌۞ѐโ໬ଵٸᓁณ݋ඈٺྍ֘჌۞πӮѐ ଵٸณ(̳ጟ/ѐ/ዃ)ࢷ˯ྍ֘჌۞ᓁ֘ዃᇴ(ዃ)Ăт˭ёٙ

ϯĈ

i avg

t ξ n

ξ = (7)

׎̚

ξt Ĉಏ˘֘჌۞ѐଵٸᓁณ(̳ጟ/ѐ) ξavg Ĉಏ˘֘჌۞πӮѐଵٸณ(̳ጟ/ѐ/ዃ) n i Ĉಏ˘֘჌۞֘ዃᇴ(ዃ)

҃ྍгડ۞ѐโ໬ଵٸᓁณ݋ඈٺЧ֘჌ѐଵ໬ᓁ ณ۞׶Ăт˭ёٙϯĈ

=∑

= m i ti T

1

ξ

ξ (8)

׎̚

m Ĉ֘჌ᇴϫ

ˬăඕڍᄃ੅ኢ

ၟҌϫ݈ࠎͤĂώ͛੅ኢ˞ॻڵ֘โ໬ଵٸᓁณ۞ࢍ

ზሀёĄ҃ώ߱݋ୃࢗтңӀϡ఺࣎࿰Ҥሀёֽࢍზލڌ

ܑ˘! Ч֘჌ՏಏҜҖዺ֧඀͔ᑜᖼᇴ

֘ ჌ ֘ి

(Km/h)

͔ᑜᖼ

ి(rpm)

ಏҜҖዺ֧඀

͔ᑜᖼᇴ (ᖼ/̳֧)

ՠ࡙ट

ณ(cc) ֘ ഠ

̂މ֘ 65 3100 2862 6443 ઼༄

̈މ֘ 90 4300 2867 2184 ჊প̱Ъ

̂ఱ֘ 63 2600 2476 7545 ̚ර

̈ఱ֘ 70 3800 3257 2659 ̚ර

̈މఱ 75 3700 2960 2476 ̚ර ҋ̳̂ఱ 90 2450 1633 11149 ̚ර Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ 65 3000 2769 6474 ISUZU Ѣ͔֘ 85 2000 1412 11945 ˬ඼

ܑ˟! Ч֘჌͔ᑜՏᖼᆿঈଵٸณπӮࣃ

֘ ჌ ՏᖼπӮ

ଵঈณ ֘ ჌ ՏᖼπӮ ଵঈณ

̂ҋމ 2930 ҋ̳ચ̂މ 2182

̈ҋމ 1203 ҋ̳̂ఱ 2999

̂ҋఱ 2665 ̂ᒉމ 3881

̈ҋఱ 1245 ̂ᒉఱ 4901

ҋ̂މఱ 1496 ᒉѢ͔֘ 6285 ҋ̈މఱ 1207 ᒉఱᕢѢ͔֘ 8373 ҋ̂΃މ 3222 ᒉఱྻѢ͔֘ 7188 ҋ̈΃މ 1165 Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ 4588 ҋѢ͔֘ 8496 ྼᜓ̂ᒉމ 5518

Ꭹॻڵ֘Ч֘჌۞πӮโ໬ଵٸܼᇴăπӮโ໬ଵٸณă ͽ̈́ଵٸᓁณĄֹ҃ٙϡ۞ྤफ़Ă͹ࢋӀϡˣ˩ˣѐޘލ ڌᎩॻڵ֘ଵ໬ᑭീᇴፂĄ

Ϥё(5)ΞۢĂдՐ଀Ч֘჌πӮଵٸܼᇴ̝݈Ăυื

АࢍზЧ֘჌Տ̳֧͔ᑜᖼᇴπӮࣃ(t_ravg)ă͔ᑜՏᖼଵ ঈณπӮࣃ(V_eavg)ăͽ̈́ᆿঈ۞โ໬፧ޘπӮࣃ(ρ_avg)Ą дՏ̳֧͔ᑜᖼᇴπӮࣃ۞ࢍზ͞ࢬĂώࡁտ౅࿅ᏴפЧ

֘჌۞׏ݭ֘ഠซҖ၁֘ീྏćࡔᐂྍ֘ٺϒ૱Җዺ̝˭

۞֘ిͽ̈́࠹၆۞͔ᑜᖼిĂ൒ޢӀϡё(4)ࢍზ΍Ч֘჌

ಏҜҖዺ֧඀۞͔ᑜᖼᇴĄٙ଀۞ඕڍтܑ˘ٙϯĄ҃д Ч֘჌۞͔ᑜՏᖼᆿঈଵٸณπӮࣃ۞ࢍზ͞ࢬĂ݋ΞӀ ϡލڌᎩॻڵ֘֘ᖣྤफ़ֽซҖ௚ࢍĄϤٺॻڵ͔֘ᑜ࠰

ࠎαҖ඀Ă߇πӮՏᖼ۞ଵঈณࠎՠ࡙टณ۞˘ΗĄࢍზ ඕڍтܑ˟ٙϯĄ׎ѨĂдЧ֘჌ᆿঈโ໬፧ޘ۞Րפ͞

ࢬĂώࡁտӀϡᑭീॡٙ଀ז۞̙౅ЍதֽซҖ௚ࢍĄд Ր଀Ч֘჌۞πӮ̙౅Ѝத̝ޢĂܮΞӀϡё(1)ֽՐ଀π Ӯโ໬፧ޘĂඕڍтܑˬٙϯĄϤٺॻڵ֘ᑭീߏॲፂ CNS11644 ͽ̈́ CNS11645 ซ଀ീྏĄЯѩĂᑭീᇴፂΒ ӣ˞൑࢑ྶާΐిଵ໬ͽ̈́ˬ჌̙ТᆸѨ۞Б࢑ྶീྏĂ ඕڍТЕٺܑˬ༊̚Ą༊Տ̳֧͔ᑜᓁᖼᇴă͔ᑜՏᖼᆿ ঈଵٸณăͽ̈́โ໬፧ޘ۞πӮࣃՐ଀̝ޢĂܮΞซҖଵ ٸܼᇴ۞ࢍზĄ҃ॲፂ௚ࢍâਠ֘ዃдϒ૱྽ྮҖዺ۞

ܑˬ! Ч֘჌โ໬፧ޘπӮࣃ

֘ ჌

൑࢑ྶ

ާΐి

(mg/m³)

Б࢑ྶă 100%ᖼి

(mg/m³)

Б࢑ྶă 60%ᖼి

(mg/m³)

Б࢑ྶă 40%ᖼి

(mg/m³)

̂ҋމ 141.4 37.3 68.3 165.1

̈ҋމ 192.5 58.9 131.6 140.3

̂ҋఱ 96.6 41.7 96.6 102.9

̈ҋఱ 155.3 49.9 88.1 117.1 ҋ̂މఱ 58.9 25.8 17.1 29.3 ҋ̈މఱ 230.3 41.7 124.2 134.8 ҋ̂΃މ * 22.2 23.6 210.8 ҋ̈΃މ 107.5 97.5 185.7 378.6 ҋѢ͔֘ 19.6 6.7 0.1 0.4 ҋ̳ચ̂މ 134.8 72.6 57.7 172.6 ҋ̳̂ఱ 52.2 64.8 35.0 55.8

̂ᒉމ 55.8 42.8 41.7 51.6

̂ᒉఱ 103.8 18.0 35.9 54.6 ᒉѢ͔֘ 11.7 5.8 0.9 0.5 ᒉఱᕢѢ͔֘ 413.8 * * * ᒉఱྻѢ͔֘ 80.9 2.9 7.1 9.7 Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ 115.2 132.7 47.6 49.3

ྼᜓ̂ᒉމ 63.5 1.6 15.2 25.8

ොĈ(*)Яన౯߇ᅪ൑ڱેҖീྏ

ܑα! Ч֘჌โ໬ଵٸܼᇴ

֘ ჌ ଵٸܼᇴ

(̳ጟ/̳֧) ֘ ჌ ଵٸܼᇴ (̳ጟ/̳֧)

̂ҋމ 5.73E-07 ҋ̳ચ̂މ 3.60E-07

̈ҋމ 4.54E-07 ҋ̳̂ఱ 1.71E-07

̂ҋఱ 6.37E-07 ̂ᒉމ 4.64E-07

̈ҋఱ 3.57E-07 ̂ᒉఱ 4.35E-07 ҋ̂މఱ 7.33E-08 ᒉѢ͔֘ 7.62E-09 ҋ̈މఱ 4.44E-07 ᒉఱྻѢ͔֘ 7.19E-08 ҋ̂΃މ 2.18E-07 Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ 6.05E-07 ҋ̈΃މ 6.20E-07 ྼᜓ̂ᒉމ 2.32E-07 ҋѢ͔֘ 9.79E-10

ېڶᄃБ࢑ྶ͔ᑜᖼిд౵̂੺˧̝ 60%ॡ۞ېڶໂࠎ࠹

ҬĄЯѩĂԧࣇͽྍېڶ˭۞โ໬፧ޘࠎ໤Ăֽࢍზଵٸ

ܼᇴĄܑαࠎࢍზ۞ඕڍĄඕڍពϯĂଵٸܼᇴྵࠎព඾

۞֘჌ࢍѣĈ(1)̂ҋމć(2)̂ҋఱć(3)ҋ̈΃މćͽ̈́(4) Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ౵ࠎព඾Ą׎̚Ăҋ̈΃މͽ̈́Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ۞

ᓁᑭീᇴณ(ᇹώᇴ)ᔘ̙ૉкĂᅮࢋઇՀஎˢ۞ࡁտĄҭ дώࡁտ༊̚Ăҋ̈΃މ֘ଵ໬ܼᇴ੼۞͹ࢋࣧЯߏ׎π Ӯโ໬፧ޘໂ੼Ą҃д̂ҋމă̂ҋఱăͽ̈́Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ

͞ࢬĂ݋͹ࢋЯ׎πӮଵ໬፧ޘ̙ҲĂΐ˯׎ՠ࡙टณࠤ

੼۞ቡ߇Ăౄјଵٸܼᇴព඾೩چĄ݈۰ઐ੼۞ࣧЯΞਕ ᄃ͔ᑜ۞ჯ᜕ѣᙯܼĂ҃ޢ۰݋ߏྍ֘჌۞͔ᑜఢॾĄ

ܑ̣! Ч֘჌πӮโ໬ଵٸณ

֘ ჌ πӮଵٸณ

(̳ጟ/ѐ/ዃ) ֘ ჌ πӮଵٸณ (̳ጟ/ѐ/ዃ)

̂ҋމ 0.011306568 ҋ̳ચ̂މ 0.003092928

̈ҋމ 0.00857041 ҋ̳̂ఱ 0.001851387

̂ҋఱ 0.018745768 ̂ᒉމ 0.032619713

̈ҋఱ 0.00670821 ̂ᒉఱ 0.021701741 ҋ̂މఱ 0.001131606 ᒉѢ͔֘ 0.000698012 ҋ̈މఱ 0.009046106 ᒉఱྻѢ͔֘ 0.00425677 ҋ̂΃މ 0.003880571 Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ 0.032160251 ҋ̈΃މ 0.013626279 ྼᜓ̂ᒉމ 0.009136997 ҋѢ͔֘ 0.000107734

0.035 0.03 0.025 0.02 0.015 0.01 0.005 0

0.0113 0.0086

0.0187 0.0067

0.0011 0.0090

0.0039 0.0136

0.0001 0.0031

0.0019 0.0326

0.0217

0.00070.0043 0.0322

0.0091

ဦ 3! Ч֘჌πӮѐโ໬ଵٸณ̶οဦ

ЯѩĂࡶຐԼච̂ҋމă̂ҋఱăͽ̈́Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ۞πӮ ଵٸܼᇴĂ݋ᑕޙϲຽ۰ϒቁ۞ॻڵֹ֘ϡ̈́ჯ᜕៍هĄ

౵ޢĂ༊Ч֘჌۞ଵٸܼᇴՐ଀̝ޢĂܮΞ੨ЪЧ֘

჌πӮѐҖዺ֧඀ֽՐ଀Ч֘჌Տ˘ዃՏ˘ѐ۞πӮଵٸ ณπӮଵٸณĄඕڍтܑ̣Ąဦ 3 ពϯĂπӮଵٸณྵࠎ ព඾۞֘჌ѣĈ(1)̂ҋމć(2)̂ҋఱć(3)ҋ̈΃މć(4)

̂ᒉމć(5)̂ᒉఱͽ̈́ć(6)Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ̱჌Ąॲፂᑭീྤ

फ̶़ژពϯ[11]Ă఺ֱ֘჌۞̙Ъॾத̶Ҿߏć̂ҋމ (21.1%)ă̂ҋఱ(20.8%)ăҋ̈΃މ(33.3%)ă̂ᒉމ(1.9%)ă

̂ᒉఱ(12.5%)ăϹ఼̂ᒉމ(33.3%)Ą׎̚Ă̂ᒉމ۞̙Ъ ॾதྵҲ۞ࣧЯΞਕߏЯࠎމྻ̳Φ(тލڌމྻ̳Φ)࠰

ѣ૞ᛳ࣒まវܼĂд֘ڶ۞ೠ೪˯˵ͧྵቁ၁ĄЯѩĂд ᆧΐјώड़ৈ݈೩˭Ă҂ณ఺ֱ֘჌۞̙ЪॾதĂдॻڵ

֘ᑭീࢍထგטඉர۞טؠ˯Ăᑕ඾ࢦд̂ҋމă̂ҋఱă ҋ̈΃މăͽ̈́Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ۞఼ۢזᑭĄͽܮѣड़۞ᑭീ

΍੼ѳߖ֘ዃĂ֭ࢋՐ׎ซҖአ࣒Ăͽ྿זቁ၁ഴณ۞ड़ ڍĄ҃д̂ᒉމͽ̈́̂ᒉఱ͞ࢬĂᑕΐૻᅃጱ۞үຽĂֹ

ຽ۰·̶ೠ೪ॻڵ֘۞পّĂͽܮޙϲϒቁ۞ֹϡͽ̈́ჯ

᜕۞៍هĄՀซ˘ՎĂ߆عΞͽ੫၆ᒉຽ̂މ֘ͽ̈́ᒉຽ

̂ఱ֘࠹ᙯຽ۰үࢦࢋአ࣒ྃӄĂֹ׎֘ዃ۞πӮଵٸณ ࢫҲĄ

дЧ֘჌πӮѐโ໬ଵٸณՐ଀̝ޢĂӍˠܮΞॲፂ ё(7)ֽ଀זЧ֘჌۞ᓁଵٸณĂ֭Ӏϡё(8)ֽՐ଀ྍгડ

ٙѣॻڵ֘۞ᓁଵٸณĂ׎ඕڍтܑ̱ͽ̈́ဦ 4 ٙϯĄ˯

ࢬ۞ᇴፂពϯĂѐଵٸᓁณྵព඾۞֘჌̶ҾߏĈ(1)̂ҋ

ܑ̱! Ч֘჌ѐଵٸᓁณ

֘ ჌ ᓁଵٸณ

(̳ጟ) ֘ ჌ ᓁଵٸณ (̳ጟ)

̂ҋމ 7.00E-01 ҋ̳ચ̂މ 1.00E-01

̈ҋމ 7.00E-01 ҋ̳̂ఱ 3.00E-01

̂ҋఱ 6.42E+01 ̂ᒉމ 3.90E+00

̈ҋఱ 6.37E+01 ̂ᒉఱ 3.05E+01 ҋ̂މఱ 0.00E+00 ᒉѢ͔֘ 0.00E+00 ҋ̈މఱ 3.39E+01 ᒉఱᕢѢ͔֘ 0.00E+00 ҋ̂΃މ 0.00E+00 ᒉఱྻѢ͔֘ 1.20E+00 ҋ̈΃މ 3.00E-01 Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ 1.30E+00 ҋѢ͔֘ 0.00E+00 ྼᜓ̂ᒉމ 6.00E-01

250.00 200.00 150.00 100.00 50.00 0.00

201.40

ဦ 4 ލڌᎩॻڵ֘โ໬ᓁଵٸณ

ఱć(2)̈ҋఱć(3)ҋ̈މఱćͽ̈́(4)̂ᒉఱĄҭࡶͧྵ఺

α۰۞πӮโ໬ଵٸณĂ̈ҋఱᄃҋ̈މఱ۞ࣃͧ੓׎΁

׌۰҃֏࠰ֽ۞̈Ą׎ѐଵٸᓁณព඾۞͹ࢋࣧЯĂߏ఺

׌჌֘ዃ۞ᇴϫ࠹༊кĂมତ۞ጱ࡭ᓁଵٸณͧ੓׎΁֘

჌ѣځព۞ྵ੼Ą

αăඕ! ኢ

ώ͛೩΍˞˘इҤზॻڵ֘โ໬ଵٸᓁณ۞ሀёĄ఺

इሀёӀϡ˞ॻڵ֘જ˧৭ଵ໬ᑭീᇴፂֽଯზ΍Чॻڵ

֘჌۞πӮโ໬ଵٸณĄѩ˘πӮโ໬ଵٸณࢷ˯Ч֘჌

۞ᇴϫܮΞ଀זЧ֘჌۞ଵٸᓁณĄ౵ޢĂ૟Ч֘჌۞ଵ ٸᓁณΐᓁĂܮΞ଀זٙѣॻڵ֘۞ଵٸᓁณĄ

ώ͛Ӏϡˣ˩ˣѐޘލڌᎩॻڵ֘જ˧৭ଵ໬ᑭീ

ᇴፂֽࢍზ΍ྍгડॻڵ֘۞ଵٸপّĄϤώࡁտ଀ۢĂ ଵٸܼᇴྵࠎព඾۞֘჌ࢍѣĈ(1)̂ҋމć(2)̂ҋఱć(3) ҋ̈΃މćͽ̈́(4)Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ౵ࠎព඾ĄЯࠎҋ̈΃މͽ

̈́Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ۞ᓁᑭീᇴณ(ᇹώᇴ)ᔘ̙ૉкĂᅮࢋઇՀ எˢ۞ࡁտĄҭдώࡁտ༊̚Ăҋ̈΃މ֘ଵ໬ܼᇴ੼۞

͹ࢋࣧЯߏ׎πӮโ໬፧ޘໂ੼Ą҃д̂ҋމă̂ҋఱă ͽ̈́Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ͞ࢬĂ݋͹ࢋЯ׎πӮଵ໬፧ޘ̙ҲĂΐ

˯׎ՠ࡙टณࠤ੼۞ቡ߇Ăౄјଵٸܼᇴព඾೩چĄ݈۰ ઐ੼۞ࣧЯΞਕᄃ͔ᑜ۞ჯ᜕ѣᙯܼĂ҃ޢ۰݋ߏྍ֘჌

۞͔ᑜఢॾĄЯѩĂࡶຐԼච̂ҋމă̂ҋఱăͽ̈́Ϲ఼

̂ᒉމ۞πӮଵٸܼᇴĂ݋ᑕޙϲຽ۰ϒቁ۞ॻڵֹ֘ϡ

̈́ჯ᜕៍هĄ

Ω˘͞ࢬĂπӮଵٸณྵࠎព඾۞֘჌ѣĈ(1)̂ҋ މć(2)̂ҋఱć(3)ҋ̈΃މć(4)̂ᒉމć(5)̂ᒉఱͽ̈́ć (6)Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ̱჌Ąдᆧΐјώड़ৈ݈೩˭Ă҂ณ఺ֱ֘

჌۞̙ЪॾதĂдॻڵ֘ᑭീࢍထგטඉர۞טؠ˯Ăᑕ

඾ࢦд̂ҋމă̂ҋఱăҋ̈΃މăͽ̈́Ϲ఼̂ᒉމ۞఼

ۢזᑭĄͽܮѣड़۞ᑭീ΍੼ѳߖ֘ዃĂ֭ࢋՐ׎ซҖአ

࣒Ăͽ྿זቁ၁ഴณ۞ड़ڍĂֽᘥ࡭౵ָ۞јώड़ৈĄ҃

д̂ᒉމͽ̈́̂ᒉఱ͞ࢬĂᑕΐૻᅃጱ۞үຽĂֹຽ۰·

̶ೠ೪ॻڵ֘۞পّĂͽܮޙϲϒቁ۞ֹϡͽ̈́ჯ᜕۞៍

هĄՀซ˘ՎĂ߆عΞͽ੫၆ᒉຽ̂މ֘ͽ̈́ᒉຽ̂ఱ֘

࠹ᙯຽ۰үࢦࢋአ࣒ྃӄĂֹ׎֘ዃ۞πӮଵٸณࢫҲĄ

౵ޢĂॲፂࢍზĂˣ˩ˣѐޘލڌᎩॻڵ֘โ໬۞ଵ ٸᓁณࠎ 201 ̳ጟĄ఺࣎ᇴፂΞүࠎ࠹ᙯࡁտͽ̈́გטඉ ரᑢؠ۞ણ҂Ą

ᄫ! ᔁ

ώࡁտٚᄋލڌᎩᒖဩ᜕ܲԊྃӄࡁտགྷ෱Ăᖰѩᄫ ᔁĄ

௑ཱི৶͔

d ಏҜҖዺ֧඀(̳֧) Davg πӮҖዺ֧඀(̳֧/ѐ/ዃ) m ֘჌ᇴϫ

n i ಏ˘֘჌۞֘ዃᇴ(ዃ) t r Տ̳֧۞͔ᑜᓁᖼᇴ(ᖼ/̳֧)

travg Ч֘჌Տ̳֧Җዺ֧඀͔ᑜᓁᖼᇴ۞πӮࣃ (ᖼ/̳֧)

T r Җዺ d ֧඀̝͔ᑜᓁᖼᇴ(ᖼ) u ֘ి(̳֧/̶ᛗ)

V e ͔ᑜՏᖼٙଵٸ۞ᆿঈณ(cc/ᖼ) ω ͔ᑜᖼి(rpm)

x ̙౅Ѝத(%) α ଵٸܼᇴ(̳ጟ/̳֧)

αavg πӮଵٸܼᇴ(̳ጟ/̳֧) ρ โ໬፧ޘ(mg/cc)

ρavg Ч֘჌ᆿঈโ໬፧ޘ۞πӮࣃ(mg/cc) veavg Ч֘჌͔ᑜՏᖼᆿঈଵٸณ۞πӮࣃ(cc/ᖼ) ξavg πӮѐଵٸณ(̳ጟ/ѐ/ዃ)

ξt ಏ˘֘჌۞ѐଵٸᓁณ(̳ጟ/ѐ)

ણ҂͛ᚥ

1. Җ߆ੰᒖဩ᜕ܲཌĂᓁณგטඉரĂhttp://www.epa.

gov.tw/F/DM/bluesky/D_page12.htm (2001).

2 ڒࡌᖳĂĶˣ˩ˣѐޘލڌᎩॻڵ֘ଵ໬ၱڵݡᑭീࢍ

ထ३ķĂލڌࡊԫ̂ጯĂލڌ(1999)Ą

3. “Clearinghouse for Inventories and Emissions Factors,”

Introduction to AP-42, Vol. 1, 5^th Edition, United States Environmental Protection Agency, USA (1995).

4. “Office of Transportation and Air Quality,” AP-42:

Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, United States Environmental Protection Association, USA (2000).

5. Hlvik, P., Eggleston S., Goriben, N., Hassel D., Hickman, A. J., Joumard, R., Ntziachristos, L., Rijkeboer, R., Samaras, Z., and Zeirock, K. H., “Copert II computer Programme to Calculate Emissions from Road Transport;

Methodology and Emission Factors,” European Environ- ment Agency, (1997).

6. ዑ؟ϒăՂ؜ጏăች೺߷ăૺ୿ࠠăڒฮර׶അ೎ऍĂ Ķॻڵ֘ѳߖԼචྃӄᆶߤࢍထࡁտಡӘķĂ̍ຽԫఙ ࡁտੰ፟ୠ̍ຽࡁտٙĂາѻ(2000)Ą

7. ᆒࡻᇾĂĶՠّ֘ਕീྏᄃྏរķĂБރဦ३ѣࢨ̳ΦĂ ௐ 197 ࢱ(1998)Ą

8. ̚ δ ᇾ ໤ Ԋ ĂĶ ̚ ઼ ઼ छ ᇾ ໤ ķĂ ̚ ර ϔ ઼ གྷ ᑻ ొ (1988)Ą

9. έΔξ߆عϹ఼ԊĂĶέΔξᓑᒉ̳֘Լචଵٸโ໬ࡁ

੅ົኢ͛ะķ(1997)Ą

10. Gilbert Strang, “Linear Algebra and Its Applications,”

Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers, San Diego, USA, (1986).

11. ڒࡌᖳĂĶˣ˩ˣѐޘލڌᎩજ˧ࢍଵ໬ᑭീ̈́ڵݡᑭ រࢍထഇϐಡӘķĂލڌࡊԫ̂ጯĂލڌ(1999)Ą

2001 ѐ 04 ͡ 18 ͟! ќቇ 2002 ѐ 04 ͡ 18 ͟! ܐᆶ 2003 ѐ 06 ͡ 20 ͟! ኑᆶ 2003 ѐ 07 ͡ 10 ͟! ତצ