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Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to sialoblastoma of submandibular gland:A Case report . J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008;66:123-6

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原文題目(出處): Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to sialoblastoma of submandibular gland:A Case report . J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008;66:123-6

原文作者姓名: MariaGiulia Cristofaro, Amerigo Giudice, Massimiliano Amentea, Mario Giudice

通訊作者學校: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy.

報告者姓名(組別): Intern G組 張啟源 報告日期: 097/07/11

內文:

Introduction:

Salivary gland tumors在兒童中少見,在兒童的腫瘤中也只佔3%~5%。

Congenital salivary epithelial tumors在醫療上總是會引起好奇心。1966年 Vawter and Tefft發表了兩個在嬰兒中的case,並以embryoma稱呼。之後他有許多 名字被使用過,但是這些名字表現出來的內容(組織學)都很相似或相同,並不 容易去分辨他們是同一類的腫瘤。後來1988年Taylor以sialoblastoma來稱呼之,

因為他在名字中表達了dysontogenetic character以及腫瘤部位。由於此種病罕見,

對於他生物學上的發展並不瞭解,因此早期的治療通常以手術切除為主。

Report of a Case:

這個女嬰是足月生下,並且沒有其他的疾病。在第一次檢查時,發現 right submandibular mass that measured approximately 3 ×3 cm (圖一A),At the age of 6 months,些微增大,沒有變軟。

在ultrasonographic scan下發現mixed pattern

nodular areas with well-defined margins and a predominantly hypoechoic pattern.(圖 一B)

During surgery, the mass was found to be well-encapsulated but not distinct from the submandibular gland. Excised mass, submandibular gland and a number of enlarged lymph nodes,mass後來診斷為sialoblastoma

圖一 A

圖一 B

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Histology:Tissue sections showed a tumor made up of cellular islands of

anastomosing epithelial cells, cribriform sheets, and trabeculae embedded in a fibromyxoid stroma

圖二 A 圖二 B

圖三

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In most cellular islands, small epithelial ductular structures were lined by cuboidal cells and open lumina with secretions(圖四A)

圖四

圖四

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Abundant tortuous duct formations and distinct foci of disorganized acinar differentiation 變異的未組合acinar之個別病灶 )were observed(圖四B)

Immunohistochemically:ductular structures were positive for low-weight cytokeratins, whereas the basaloid-type cells of the islands were protein S-100 positive, with a peripheral rim that was positive for actin.

Discussion:

出生前後的epithelial salivary gland tumor之報告很少:Submandibular gland tumor在本文章可分為四個分類(後述),這個case是算在sialoblastoma of the submandibular gland.

從Vawter and Tefft(1966)後,perinatal epithelial salivary tumors的名稱包括:

congenital basal cell adenoma, basaloid adenoma, congenital hybrid basal cell adenoma, and adenoid cystic carcinoma.

basal cell adenoma 1~2% in salivary g. tumor F Any age but elder Partoid basaloid adenoma

hybrid basal cell adenoma

adenoid cystic carcinoma 15%in salivary g. tumor E Middle age Minor S G

Our case F infant submandular

Hsueh and Gonzalez-Crussi認為以上這些在組織學上都是很相似的或相同的 腫瘤。

在Batsakis的“salivary gland unit” theory中假設neoplasia within salivary glands 是從存留下來的multipotent reserve cells所增生發展而來的。

Taylor認為congenital tumors的組織生成是blastemous cells的不規則生長而非 multipotent reserve cells所增生發展所致。顯示了sialoblastoma這個字表達了 dysontogenetic character以及這些腫瘤是salivary origin.

Batsakis將perinatal salivary gland tumors分為四項。

1. Histologically benign tumors comparable with adult counterparts (eg, pleomorphic and monomorphic adenomas)很像成人的良性腫瘤。

2. Hamartomatous tumors.

3. Tumors that are histologically reminiscent of the embryonic epithelial anlagen of major salivary glands at various stages of development (eg, sialoblastoma).

4. Tumors that are biologically and histologically malignant.

Batsakis也提出了對於sialoblastoma的組織學惡性評估,包括invasion of nerves or vascular spaces and ancillary findings of necrosis of cells with

cytologicalatypia beyond that expected or presumed for an embryonic epithelium.

然而這些組織學上的判斷必須在tumor stage臨床背景以及有效的切除(有沒 有切到要切的地方)上做考慮。As Brandwein et al pointed out12,良性和惡性的 sialoblastomas區別並不如同一開始想的如此確定。

Sialoblastoma的局部復發性是我們需要考慮到的,在24個被發表的case中,

沒有一個是因為tumor轉移而致死的,但是至少就有5個case有局部復發,而在一 個case中有發現淋巴轉移的現象。

治療方法:手術治療目前仍然是最好的方法而非放療或者化療。如果沒有辦 法完全切除的話才會考慮放療或者化療,但是放療的副作用可能會使顏面結構受 損,另外化療還有用在持續復發的情況。

從目前有限的文獻報告中仍然無法知道為何此種tumor的局部復發率很高,

但是即使tumor的再發性很高也不被認為是malignant. 在本case中,切除的margin

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很小,而且也沒有給予其他的輔助治療,不過在18個月的觀察後並沒有復發的狀 況。這證實了Sialoblastoma並不有malignant的傾向。在報告Sialoblastoma時並不 需要將其認為是惡性的傾向,因為胚胎來源的salivary gland tumor已經有發表過

reference13-15了,並不惡性!

Sialoblastoma是一種相當罕見的先天唾液腺腫瘤,通常在partoid gland裡,侷 限而極少轉移且易復發,最好的就是手術移除,放療和化療只有在很少的case中 有使用。

題號 題目

1

下列何者不是腺樣囊狀癌(adenoid cystic carcinoma)的特徵?

(A) 生長的很慢

(B) 會有悶痛 (dull pain)的現象 (C) 好發於腮腺 (parotid gland)

(D) 組織學型態包括篩狀(cribriform)、管狀(tubular)、基質狀(

solid)三類

答案( C ) 出處:Oral and maxillofacial pathology, 2nd p426~427

題號 題目

2

下列那一腺體一旦發現腫瘤,其中惡性唾液腺腫瘤比例佔最多的是

哪一項?

(A) 腮腺(parotid gland)

(B) 舌下腺(sublingual gland)

(C) 下頷下腺(submandibular gland)

(D) 小唾液腺(minor salivary gland)

答案( B) 出處:Oral and maxillofacial pathology

參考文獻

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