• 沒有找到結果。

From the Hidden Atayal to the Representation of Subjectivity:

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Share "From the Hidden Atayal to the Representation of Subjectivity: "

Copied!
32
0
0

加載中.... (立即查看全文)

全文

(1)

ࢹ୊ᄸ

୽ҳᇃѕσᏰᐣѬᏰفఀ௲

(2)

70 ۡ೐ 2 ง

ᄢौ

ҏМкौആႆ ijı жकоپੀ༪Ӵୢਖ਼Ѕσ଑ޥတޟӴПסਪȂѓࢂР ݽਢ෈Ȯੀ༪ᢈסȯȃȮཱིԼԎݼ८ѬȯȃȮσྩᇬȯоЅᏽࡣਢ෈ཱིᙟގ Ȯੀ༪ᑪסȯᇄȮඈᑹ໐סȯȂپՃᄆߖф୽ড়ຜ୿ήޟন՞ҕఊσ଑ޥတ ȞŎůŤŢŲȟȂԃդೝϚӣਢ෈ඡණၗᇭ᠌ޟѴپಛݽޱёоජक़ȃၛភڷࣼ

࡟Ȅ௃ശߑڧڗಛݽ໦ቹཎᜋלᄘᇄᅕఊϛЖѬᢎޟኇ៪Ȃٺு೻တܰתР ҏ༖ΨΣ߭Մࡣೝफ़௃έُ෰όୢ᎐ՍُݖόӴୢޟσ଑ޥတȂю౪ӵПס МҏϞࣺᜰጕണ፣क़ΰȂܖ࢐ೝ፭Ϡഏᢍӏኸޟ੎໯לຫȂܖ࢐ೝ᠖ಛӴᘪ Σ੎໯ఊσ⏘৭ࠉόတȞŎŴţŵŶůŶŹȟȂՄൊѶڏкᡝܒڷ૖َ࡙Ȅ໌Σ ijIJ жकоࡣȂբᓍ๿ন՞ҕఊՌݽၼଢ଼оЅഋဣМϽ१ਏཎᜋޟ݁පȂംᅚᗟ ᡶюоσ଑ޥတ้ন՞ҕкᡝҳൟ࣏ࡦՃ໅өޟПסМҏȇσ଑ఊΡܻРݽ ਢ෈ޟݡ၆תތ՗ଢ଼ᇄᏽࡣਢ෈ඈᘪέ১࢈πޟວؑȂоЅ IJĺĶı ԑфҩՓ ৼ܎෈໢ഋဣ๻़ᎏڧࢇۺ࿋׋ᐌ๦फ़৛ޟငᐣȂܻ࢐ԙ࣏೻ਢ෈ੀ༪ඈᑹ ӴୢПסਪቸޟฐᘈȄ

ᜰᗤԅȈПסᏰȃُݖόȃέُ෰ȃ੎໯ఊȃσ଑ޥတȃন՞ҕѬ

(3)

Ιȃࠉِ

⣏尡䣦佌炷ŎůŤŢŲ炸⍇ỷ㮹炻䚠⁛℞䣾⃰Ἦ冒㕤Ṳ⋿㈽䷋ṩッ悱䘤䤍㛹 炷őŪůŴţŶŬŢů炸炻䲬㕤㔠䘦⸜⇵⊿怟军⣏ⴁⲩ㹒炷⣏㻊㹒炸㳩➇ᷕᶳ㷠ᶨⷞ炻

⛐Ṳ⣑䘬㕘⊿ⶪᶱⲥ⋨㍺奺ˣ㚱㛐ˣ慹㓷ˣ䄲䨢ˣ㜙䛤ˣḼ⮖䫱⛘⼊ㆸḮ

⣏尡ˣ娑㚿䫱悐句ˤὅ䄏役ẋṢ栆⬠侭㟡㒂橼岒ˣ婆妨ˣ桐὿ˣỵ伖ㆾ㗗

⥳䣾崟㸸⛘䘬ⶖ䔘㇨⺢㥳䘬⍇ỷ㮹㕷↮栆䲣䴙炻⣏尡䣦佌忂ⷠ塓㬠栆䁢㲘 晭㕷ᷳ㲘晭Ṇ㕷⣏ⴁⲩ佌炷ŎŴţŵŶůŶŹ炸炻ㆾ㗗塓㬠栆䁢㲘晭Ṇ㕷岥侫↿⃳佌 炷ŔŦŬŰŭŦŲ炸ˤIJ

IJĹ ᶾ䲨㛇攻炻䔞Ἦ冒ᷕ⚳救䱝⛘⋨䘬㻊㕷䦣㮹⼨㴟Ⱉ匲炷Ṳ㕘⊿ⶪ㧡 㜿⋨ᶨⷞ炸⋿㕡Ⱉ⋨忚⡦ᷳ晃炻㍍忋冯⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹䘤䓇堅䨩ˤ⋩ḅᶾ䲨

⼴㛇ᷳ⼴炻⣏尡䣦佌䘬悐句䨢攻冯䓇㳣柀➇炻映临怕⍿㶭㛅㓧⹄ˬ攳Ⱉ㑓䔒˭

冯㖍㛔㓧⹄ˬ䎮哫㓧䫾˭ᶳ䘬㬎≃Ὕ䔍炻㚨䳪㶒䁢塓㬾㮹䘬⛘➇ˤIJĺıĸ ⸜炷㖶 㱣 ĵı ⸜炸Ĵ 㚰炻⣏尡ˣ㚱㛐ˣ慹㓷Ṽˣ娑㚿䫱悐句冯ˬ䔘㕷˭㖍㛔Ṣ忼ㆸ

⇅㬍␴妋烊㫉⸜ IJIJ 㚰炻⣏尡ˣ㚱㛐ˣ娑㚿䫱悐句㕷Ṣ⇵⼨奺㜧Ⱉ晀≯䚋䜋

㇨冯㖍㕡␴妋炻㬌⼴炻⣏尡㕷Ṣ〱㔠塓従暊攳ᶱⲥⰙ⋨炻怟⼨㟫⚺⺛奺㜧Ⱉˣ

⽿两ˣ娑㚿ᶨⷞ炻䲬䁢Ṳ㟫⚺ⶪ⽑冰⋨⊿⠫炷Ṳ曆暚ˣ伭㴖ˣ㽌ṩˣᶱ㮹䫱 㛹炸炻⽆㬌㳩句Ṿ悱䁢䔘⭊ˤij

īˢ㛔㔯䁢⚳䩳冢⊿⣏⬠⬠埻㉼⮾㙐㍐≽䈡刚柀➇妰䔓ˬ㔯⊾炽倂句炽ℙ㚱屉烉䑘⠫嬲怟ᶳᷳ㯠临䘤⯽炷妰䔓䶐嘇烉 IJıĸĮŏŕőŖŠłĮʼnĮIJķijĮııij炸˭䘬䞼䨞ㆸ㝄ᷳᶨˤ婾㔯⇅䧧㚦㕤⚳䩳冢⊿⣏⬠Ṣ㔯⬠昊ᷣ彎ˬ㔯⊾炽倂句炽ℙ㚱屉烉 䑘⠫嬲怟ᶳᷳ㯠临䘤⯽˭⚳晃⬠埻䞼妶㚫炷ijıIJĹ ⸜ Ĺ 㚰 ĴıĮĴIJ 㖍炸ᷕ⭋嬨炻デ嫅冯婯Ṣ⚳䩳㜙厗⣏⬠㬟⎚⬠䲣 㼀两忻㔁㌰䘬㊯㬋ˤ㚫⼴㈽䧧炻デ嫅ℑỵ⋧⎵⮑㞍Ṣ㍸ὃ⮞屜䘬ᾖ㓡シ夳ˤ䔞䃞炻㛔㔯⤪㚱ảỽ仢⣙炻䓙䫮侭 屈屔ˤ䫮侭役⸜Ἦ映临忚埴⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹⎚䘬⮰柴䞼䨞炻㛇攻㈧呁⇵⽑冰悱䩳⚾㚠棐棐攟㛶ㄏㄏ⮷⥸ˣ䎦ả 棐攟⬳⚳䓐⃰䓇ˣ⽑冰悱㮹ẋ堐㚫傉ᾉ列⃰䓇ẍ⍲伭㴖㛹㲘晭⮷䰛⚺⋨㜿ᶨ卲侩ⷓˣ㜿ἑ⩆⮷⥸䘬⋼≑炻䈡㬌 农嫅ˤ

IJˢ㢖ᶹᷳ≑炻˪冢䀋哫㕷⽿炷䫔ᶨ⌟炸˫炷冢⊿烉冐㗪冢䀋冲ㄋ婧㞍㚫炻IJĺIJĸ ⸜炸炻枩 IJĹĮijij烊䦣ⶅ⫸ᷳ啷䫱炻

˪冢䀋檀䞪㕷䲣䴙㇨Ⱄ̯䞼䨞˫炷㜙Ṕ烉↨㰇㚠昊炻IJĺĴĶ ⸜炸炻枩 ijIJĮijĶˣĵĸĮĶij烊渧慶⾈晬炻˨冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㕷

̯↮栆̬⮵͌̚ᶨ娎㟰˩炻㓞㕤㮷叿炻˪㜙⋿Ṇ䳘Ṇ㮹㕷⬠⃰⎚⬠䞼䨞ġ䫔 ŊŊ ⌟˫炷㜙Ṕ烉䞊Ⲟ㚠㇧炻IJĺĵķ ⸜炸炻 枩 IJĹĸĮijııˤ

ijˢ斄㕤 IJĺIJı ⸜ẋ⣏尡㕷Ṣ怟⯭奺㜧Ⱉ⛘⋨ᷳ⼴䚜⇘ ijııı ⸜ẋ䘬悐句㤪㱩炻⎗⍫夳㢖ᶹᷳ≑炻˪冢䀋哫㕷⽿炷䫔 ᶨ⌟炸˫炻枩 ĵĺĮĶij烊冢䀋䷥䜋⹄嬎⊁⯨䶐炻˪檀䞪㕷婧㞍㚠炷䫔Ḽ䶐炸˫炷冢⊿烉冢䀋䷥䜋⹄炻IJĺĴĹ ⸜炸炻 枩 ĴĹĮĵĶ烊⹾⬰冋炻˪㲘晭㕷䘬㔯⊾˫炷冢⊿烉ᶾ䓴㕘倆⮰䥹⬠㟉奨⃱⭋⮶䥹炻IJĺĹĵ ⸜炸炻枩 ijĸĹĮijĹķ烊湫㈧Ẍ 䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱倂句㘖㞍⺢㨼妰䔓˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㓧⹄㔯⊾⯨炻ijııĺ ⸜炸炻䫔 ij 䪈炻枩 IJĵĮĴĵˤ

(4)

70 ۡ೐ 2 ง

⣏尡㕷Ṣ㕤㖍㛔㬾㮹䴙㱣ᶳ塓従怟↢㓭⛇䘬䩀⠫炻㕤㇘⼴ᷳ⇅㚦ᶨ⹎嬻 ṾᾹ䅫崟Ḯ⽑㬠⍇悱ȹȹ慵彼ᶱⲥ⠫ℏ⍇⣏尡䣦➇䘬ⶴ㛃ˤIJĺĵĸ ⸜ ķ 㚰 Ĺ 㖍炻

⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹ẍ柕䚖⼴塼㦪ᾉ炽䒎㖎炷㜿䐆㖴炻IJĹĺĺĮIJĺĶĵ炸䁢椾炻⎹ᷕ

厗㮹⚳㓧⹄㍸⏰˨冢⊿䷋㴟Ⱉ⋨Ⱉ烪ᶱ烬ⲥ捖⣏尡䣦⍇䣦⽑㬠昛ね㚠˩炻ⶴ 㛃傥嬻ṾᾹ㕷Ṣ⽆㕘䪡䷋⣏㹒⋨奺㜧悱炷Ṳ㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱炸慵彼ᶱⲥ⍇悱㓭

⯭炻农≃䁢㕷Ṣ䇕⍾ˬ怬ㆹ⛇⛘˭䘬㪲䙲冯⮲♜ˤℐ㔯⚆栏㕷Ṣ忶⍣怕⍿㖍 㛔䘬⡻従ẍ军㕤㑌暊⭞⚺炻᷎ẍˬ⃱⽑冢䀋炻ㆹᾹḇㅱ娚⃱⽑㓭悱炻⏎⇯⃱

⽑䣾⚳ᷳ╄ỽ⛐˭䁢姜㯪炻⺢婳㓧⹄䔞⯨傥橼⮇㕷Ṣ⃰⇵䘬ず㄀晃忯冯ㆨヽ 悱⛇䘬⽫ね炻⎴シṾᾹ傥⽑㬠䣾⃰⡛⠻ᷳ⛘ẍ䤕㊄䣾曰ˤĴ䃞侴炻䔞㗪⛘㕡 㓧⹄➢㕤䎦⮎䑘⠫⚈䳈䘬侫慷炻ょ⿸䈥忋忶⣂炻䭨⢾䓇㝅炻忈ㆸ䔞⛘㻊㕷⯭

㮹䘬⚘㒦炻㚨䳪⏎㰢Ḯ忁枭婳栀ˤĵ侴㦪ᾉ炽䒎㖎㛔Ṣ⼴Ἦ䪇塓⚳㮹源㓧㪲

㉡湹㔜倭炻冯悺㕷卩劙⏦晵炽晭忼䁷䋞⌉恋炷檀ᶨ䓇炸ˣ㸗⬰ṩ䫱Ṣ塓㍏ẍ

⋒媄⎃Ḫ㟰䘬伒⎵炻㕤 IJĺĶĵ ⸜ ĵ 㚰 IJĸ 㖍ᶳ⋰⛐冢⊿ⶪ楔⟜䓢↹⟜炷Ṳ叔厗

⋨曺⸜℔⚺㕩楔⟜䓢䲨⾝℔⚺炸⎴怕㥵㰢炻ㆸ䁢䘥刚⿸⾾䘬㬱暋侭ˤĶ

⛐㬟䴻䔘㕷㓗惵侭㇨媪役ẋˬ㔯㖶˭䘬㲿䥖ᷳ⼴炻忁佌⍇㛔㳣帵㕤⣏

㻊㹒㳩➇ᷕᶳ㷠䘬⍇ỷ㮹㕷ᶵ╒⣙Ḯ⍇㚱䘬䓇㳣柀➇炻᷎ᶼ⛐⚳⭞埴㓧橼

⇞ᶳ塓≈ẍ㓞䶐侴╒⣙ᷣ橼⿏䘬忶䦳ᷕ炻Ẁ↢Ḯ⁛䴙悐句㔯⊾徸㻠ⳑ妋䘬ẋ

₡ˤ⣏尡㕷Ṣ䓂军㕤⛐⢾Ἦ㬾㮹䴙㱣侭䫾䔍⿏䘬ᷣ㳩婾徘冯㬟⎚㚠⮓ᷕ炻ㆸ 䁢塓怲䶋⊾䘬⭊橼ㆾ㗗塓㰉⎵⊾䘬⮵尉ˤ⌛ἧ⤪㬌炻䚜⇘Ḵ⋩ᶨᶾ䲨䘬Ṳ

⣑炻⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹⥳䳪➭㊩ṾᾹᶵ⎴㕤⣏ⴁⲩ佌䘬㕷佌娵⎴炻᷎㊩临ẍᶱ

Ĵˢ㣲␴䧶ᷣ䶐炻˪㲘晭⃰䞍ȹȹ㦪ᾉ炽䒎㖎㓭ḳ普˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㔯⊾⯨炻ijııĶ ⸜炸炻枩 IJıijĮIJıĴˤ

ĵˢ㜿冰ṩ炻˨冢⊿䷋Ⱉ傆䶐⸜˩炻㓞㕤冢⊿䷋㔯䌣⥼⒉㚫䶐炻˪冢⊿䷋㔯䌣⎊廗炷Ḵ炸˫炷冢⊿烉冢⊿䷋㔯䌣⥼⒉㚫炻 IJĺĶķ ⸜炸炻枩 ĴĸĺĮĴĹı烊䌳㖶佑䫱炻˪ᶱⲥ捖⽿˫炷冢⊿烉ᶱⲥ捖℔㇨炻IJĺĺĴ ⸜炸炻枩 IJıĸˣĵıĵĮĵıķˤ Ķˢ劫䅽䥳炻˨⍇ỷ㮹卩劙䘬㔜倭烉㸗⬰ṩ䫱⎃Ḫ㟰˩炻㓞㕤⻝䀶ㅚˣ昛伶呱ᷣ䶐炻˪ㆺ♜㗪㛇䘥刚⿸⾾冯廱✳㬋

佑婾㔯普˫炷冢⊿烉冢䀋㬟⎚⬠㚫炻ijııĺ ⸜炸炻枩 ijijijĮijĶij烊⏛⎉Ṣ炻˨ˬ冢䀋檀Ⱉ㕷㭢Ṣḳẞ˭ȹȹ檀ᶨ䓇ˣ 㸗⬰ṩˣ㜿䐆㖴ḳẞᷳ㓧㱣⎚䘬⇅㬍慵⺢˩炻㓞㕤姙暒⦔ᷣ䶐炻˪ḴḴℓḳẞ ķı 忙⸜䲨⾝婾㔯普˫炷冢⊿烉 冢⊿ⶪ㓧⹄㔯⊾⯨炻ijııĹ ⸜炸炻枩 ĴijĶĮĴķĴˤ

(5)

ⲥ㓭⛇ἄ䁢ṾᾹ䘬⍇悱娵⎴ˤķ

䫮侭役⸜Ἦ德忶⮵㕤⃰埴䞼䨞冯⍇⥳㔯䌣䘬㌴㎉炻憅⮵⍇㛔㳣≽㕤⣏㻊 㹒㳩➇ᷕᶳ㷠ᶱⲥ⠫➇䘬⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹炻夷∫↢烉炷ᶨ炸ˬṾ侭˭䘬㚠⮓烊 炷Ḵ炸冯␐怲㕷佌䘬㖑㛇Ḻ≽斄Ὢ烊炷ᶱ炸⽑㬠忳≽冯⍇悱シ尉䫱ᶱᾳ䞼䨞 婚柴炻Ἦ㍊䳊⣏尡䣦佌䘬㬟⎚䘤⯽傰䴉冯䔞⇵嗽⠫ˤ℞ᷕ炻斄㕤ˬṾ侭˭䘬 㚠⮓炻䫮侭⃰⇵㚦ẍˬ䨢攻㔯⊾シ尉䘬慵⟹˭䁢ᷣ庠炻⽆㬟⎚䘬奺⹎㍊䳊役 ẋ⚳⭞夾慶ᶳ䘬ᶱⲥ⣏尡䣦➇炻㩊夾⢾Ἦ㬾㮹䴙㱣侭⤪ỽ䚳⼭忁嗽⍇ỷ㮹⛘

➇䘬₡ῤシ嬀炻ẍ⍲ṾᾹ⤪ỽ➢㕤䴙㱣䚖䘬Ἦ㍷丒ㆾ⼊⟹冒ㆹ⮵㕤⣏尡䣦佌

⍲℞䓇㳣䨢攻䘬㔯⊾シ尉ˤĸ⛐㬌ᷳ⼴炻⎎ẍˬᶱⲥ㕡⽿㚠⮓ᷕ䘬⣏尡䣦佌˭

䁢ᷣ庠炻侫⮇ ijı ᶾ䲨ẍἮᶵ⎴㗪㛇㌴㎉㔯⫿娖慳㪲䘬⢾Ἦ䴙㱣侭炻⤪ỽ➢

㕤⎬冒䘬シ嬀⼊ン␴䎦⮎暨㯪炻⛐ᶱⲥ㕡⽿㔯㛔ᷕ晐㨇⺢㥳↢⣏尡䣦佌䘬㬟

⎚⼊尉冯㕷佌斄ὪˤĹ

㛔㔯ᷣ天㍍临⇵徘㕡⽿㚠⮓䘬䞼䨞傰䴉炻㟡㒂 ijı ᶾ䲨ẍἮ㟫⚺⛘⋨㴱

⍲⣏尡䣦佌䲨抬䘬⛘㕡⽿㚠炻⊭㊔㖍㱣㗪㛇˪㟫⚺⺛⽿˫ˣ˪㕘䪡ⶆ㱧朑

⎚˫ˣ˪⣏㹒娴˫ẍ⍲㇘⼴㗪㛇㕘冲䇰㛔˪㟫⚺䷋⽿˫冯˪⽑冰悱⽿˫炻Ἦ 侫⮇役ẋ⚳⭞夾➇ᶳ䘬⍇ỷ㮹㕷⣏尡䣦佌炻⤪ỽ塓ᶵ⎴㗪㛇㌴㎉娙婆㪲䘬⢾

Ἦ䴙㱣侭≈ẍ㍷徘ˣ娖慳␴䚳⼭ˤ

Πȃӏኸޟ੎໯ᇄ౰ཾޟಙယү

ķˢἳ⤪炻㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱℔㇨㕤 ijııķ ⸜ IJij 㚰 ijĺ 㖍↢䇰˪ijııķ ㈿㖍ᶨ䘦忙⸜䲨⾝⮰廗˫炻悱攟㜿ᾉ佑⛐娚㚠˨⇵妨˩

ᷕ㍸⇘烉ˬ⛐忁䘦⸜ᷳᷕ炻䣦ṢᶵỮ㚱怬ㆹ䣦⛘ᷳ倚炻ḇ㚱彼⚆㓭悱怟䦣⠻⛘炻䓂军⍾ᶨ㈼⛇Ἦ⽿两䘬埴≽炻 ẌṢデ≽˭烊⇵⽑冰悱悱㮹ẋ堐⣏尡䣦⼴塼炷⽿两悐句炸㣲ⲯ⽟㍍⍿姒⓷㗪ḇ堐䣢烉ˬ⽿两Ṣ㓞⽑⣏尡䣦㓭悱 䘬⽫⽿㯠怈ᶵ嬲ˤ⽿两Ṣ䎦⛐䭱⠻炻悥㛅叿⣏尡䘬㕡⎹炻嬻㬣侭䘬曰櫪炻⚆㬠⿅⾝䘬⣏尡䣦ˤ忁⸦⸜炻⽿两Ṣ ḇ䈡⛘⚆⇘⣏尡⍣娵䣾㬠⬿炻㈲䣾⃰䘬橐橠彶⚆⽿两䭱⠻䤕㊄炻⤪㝄㈦ᶵ⇘橐橠炻恋⯙㌏ᶨ㈼㲍⛇⚆Ἦḇ⤥˭ˤ

⹾㖶忚䶐炻˪ijııķ ㈿㖍ᶨ䘦忙⸜䲨⾝⮰廗˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱℔㇨炻ijııķ ⸜炸炻枩 ĵˣIJIJˤ

ĸˢ㳒‍㥖炻˨䨢攻㔯⊾シ尉䘬慵⟹烉Ḵ⋩ᶾ䲨⇵㛇⢾Ἦ㬾㮹⊊≃㒜⻝ᶳ䘬ᶱⲥ⣏尡䣦➇˩炻˪庼ṩ㬟⎚⬠⟙˫炻 䫔 ĴIJ 㛇炻ijıIJĴ ⸜ ĺ 㚰炻枩 ijķIJĮĴijĵˤ

Ĺˢ㳒‍㥖炻˨塓㑵⺬䘬㕷佌婾徘ȹȹḴ⋩ᶾ䲨ᶱⲥ㕡⽿㚠⮓ᷕ䘬⣏尡䣦佌˩炻㓞㕤冢䀋㬟⎚⬠㚫䶐炻˪㬾㮹炽ℵ 㬾㮹炽䌐䩳冒ᷣ烉冢䀋㬟⎚⬠㚫∝䩳 ijı 忙⸜䞼妶㚫婾㔯普˫炷冢⊿烉⏛ᶱ忋冢䀋⎚㕁➢慹㚫炻ijıIJķ ⸜炸炻枩 IJĮĴijˤ

(6)

ijı ᶾ䲨⼴㛇炻⍿⇘㱽⚳⒚⬠⭞‭䥹炷ŎŪŤũŦŭġŇŰŶŤŢŶŭŵĭġIJĺijķĮIJĺĹĵ炸ᷳ㪲≃

炾䞍嬀婾徘┇䘤䘬劙⚳⎚⬠⭞娡Ṕ㕗炷ŌŦŪŵũġŋŦůŬŪůŴ炸炻㚦㕤㇨叿˪㬟⎚䘬 ℵ⿅侫˫炷Re-thinking History炸ᶨ㚠ᷕ㊯↢烉

ᐣѬ࢐Ιᆍಋଢ଼ޟȃԤ୰ᚠޟ፣क़Ȅߒ७ΰȂѺ࢐ᜰܻжࣨ

ޟΙএ७өșșႆўȄȌȌծӵᄂሬΰ೽லᇄΙفӖӈդਢړ഍

Ԇӵޟ᠌ΨஅᙃࣺᄇᔖȂٮиݼ๿Ιᆍ௃Л଩Ιϸڗฒᜰᆧौޟ ӎᜊȂ࡚ᄺٮඹҀӨᆍᐣѬޟཎဎȄ:

⍵奨 ijı ᶾ䲨ẍἮ㟫⚺⛘⋨㴱⍲⣏尡䣦佌䘬⎬䳂㕡⽿㔯㛔炻ḇᶵ㕟⛘晐 叿ᷣ㓧侭䘬䴙㱣暨天冯㚠⮓侭䘬₡ῤシ嬀侴䈥≽℞攻䘬㔀徘庠⎹ˤ

IJĹĺĶ ⸜㖍㛔䴙㱣冢䀋ᷳ⼴炻䴻忶㔠⹎䘬埴㓧⋨➇婧㔜炻㕤 IJĺıIJ ⸜炷㖶 㱣 Ĵĵ ⸜炸IJIJ 㚰⺊䷋㓡⺛炻⮯ℐⲞ↮姕 ijı ⺛炻⊭㊔ᶱ奺㸏ˣ⣏ⴁⲩ冯Ṳ㟫⚺

⽑冰⛘⋨⛐䔞㗪䘮晠Ⱄ㕤㟫Ṽ⚺⺛ˤIJĺıĶ ⸜炷㖶㱣 ĴĹ ⸜炸Ĵ 㚰炻㟫Ṽ⚺⺛

㓡⎵䁢㟫⚺⺛炻IJıᶳ廬ᶱ奺㸏ˣ⣏ⴁⲩˣ渡厄䠤ˣ㣲㠭⢊ˣᷕ⢊ˣ⣏✝⚺䫱 㓗⺛ˤIJIJ佴⸜ Ķ 㚰炻䔞㟫⚺⺛↲埴˪㟫⚺⺛⽿˫ᷳ晃炻㬋ῤ㖍㛔㬾㮹䴙㱣侭 䁢Ḯ㧇儎⇑㸸侴德忶晀≯䶂䘬姕伖炻⣏冱忚忤ᶱ奺㸏⣏尡䣦➇䘬㗪⇣炻⼤㬌 䘬㬎墅櫍䇕㬋⤪䀓⤪匤⛘⯽攳ˤḇ⚈㬌炻娚⽿㚠ᷕ斄㕤⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹䘬昛 徘炻ᷣ天↢䎦㕤䫔 ķ 䪈˨䓊㤕˩䘬ˬ㧇儎˭枭␴䫔 IJIJ 䪈˨䓇哫Ṣ˩⼴⋲悐䘬ˬ哫 㓧˭炻埴㔯ᷳᷕ䃉朆㗗䪁⛐⭀㕡䘬䩳⟜炻ᶨ㕡朊⻟婧ᶱ奺㸏㕡朊⇵Ⱉ哫ᷕ㚨 䁢ˬ・〵䌘䋃˭䘬⣏尡䣦佌哫Ṣ炻冒㶭ẋ⼴㛇ẍἮṾᾹ⃯㙜䘬↢勱多㑲埴䁢炻 ᶵ㗪忈ㆸᶱ奺㸏䫱ℏⰙˬ哫䓴˭ˣˬ哫⠫˭墥儎㤕侭䘬旣䣁冯㧇儎䓇䓊䘬  㒢炻农ἧ⭀⓮⇑㪲⍿㎵烊⎎ᶨ㕡朊炻䶐个侭ḇ㎕䣢⽆㶭㓧⹄攳⥳军㖍㱣⇅㛇炻 憅⮵⣏尡䫱ˬ哫䣦˭⤪ỽ➟埴】⦩᷎㕥䘬䴷㑓䫾䔍炻ẍ⍲⼴Ἦ晀≯䶂姕伖ˣ

㍐忚ˣ⮩挾冯妶Ẹ䘬ㆸ㓰炻ἧ⼿⣏尡䣦➇徸㻠䁢䴙㱣䔞⯨㇨㍏⇞炻従ἧ⻟〵

ĺˢŌŦŪŵũġŋŦůŬŪůŴĭġœŦĮŵũŪůŬŪůŨġʼnŪŴŵŰųź炷ōŰůťŰůĻġœŰŶŵŭŦťŨŦĭġIJĺĺIJ炸ĭġűįġijķįġ嬗㔯㒂屰⢓喭嬗炻˪㬟⎚䘬ℵ⿅侫˫炷冢⊿烉 湍䓘↢䇰℔⎠炻IJĺĺķ ⸜炸炻枩 ĹĸĮĹĹˤ

IJıˢ⼸⚳䪈䶐嬗炻˪冢䀋䷥䜋⹄℔㔯栆个⭀⇞栆⎚㕁⼁䶐炷㖶㱣 ĴĵĮĴķ ⸜炸˫炷⋿㈽烉冢䀋䚩㔯䌣⥼⒉㚫炻ijııIJ ⸜炸炻 枩 ijĴĶˤ

IJIJˢ㟫⚺⺛䶐炻˪㟫⚺⺛⽿˫炷冢⊿烉㟒⺷㚫䣦冢䀋㖍㖍㕘⟙䣦炻IJĺıķ ⸜炸炻枩 ĺĮIJıˤ

(7)

䘬⣏尡㕷Ṣ映临⯰㚵㕤䷥䜋⹄䘬幵ḳ≃慷炻⚈侴嬻ˬ哫⛘˭ᷳℏ䘬墥儎ḳ㤕 䌚⼿Ḯ⬱ℐᾅ晄ˤIJij

ℵ侭炻娚⽿㚠䫔 IJIJ 䪈˨䓇哫Ṣ˩⇵⋲悐ˬ䓇哫䣦˭ᷕ婒㖶⺛㱣⠫ℏ㲘 晭㕷⊭㊔ˬ⣏尡哫˭ẍ⍲ˬ⣏ⴁⲩ哫˭炷⇵Ⱉ哫ˣ⼴Ⱉ哫炸冯ˬ楔㬎䜋哫˭炻

℞ᷕ炻ˬ⣏尡哫˭↮Ự㕤ᶱ奺㸏㹒ᶲ㷠炷Ṳᶱⲥ㹒ᶲ㷠⣏尡㹒炸炻㚱冲㗪㬎 㛍䀋ˣ㒢㍍炷冢⊿⍲㜳㧳⛘㕡炸ℑ䣦䘬䲣䴙ˤ忁枭婒㱽炻栗䣢䔞㗪㖍㛔䔞⯨

⮵㕤⣏尡䣦佌䘬䎮妋䦳⹎⯂Ⱄ㚱旸ˤ䵲㍍叿炻ℏ㔯ᷳᷕṎ㟡㒂 IJĺıı ⸜ẍ⇵

䘬婧㞍屯㕁炻㊯↢ˬ⣏尡哫˭ẍ⍲⣏ⴁⲩˬ⇵Ⱉ哫˭ˣˬ⼴Ⱉ哫˭冯ˬ楔㬎 䜋哫˭䘬悐句冯㇞⎋㔠炻ˬ⣏尡哫˭⊭㊔ΩΔ䣦ˣΡΧ䣦炻ℙ ĵĵ ㇞炻䓟 ĺĸ Ṣ炻

⤛ IJıIJ Ṣ炻⎰妰 IJĺĹ Ṣ烊侴⣏ⴁⲩˬ⇵Ⱉ哫˭㚱 ijķĶ ㇞ˣIJĭIJIJĵ Ṣ炻ˬ⼴Ⱉ哫˭

㚱 Ĵĵij ㇞ˣIJĭĸĵĴ Ṣ炻⎗夳䔞㗪⣏尡佌䚠⮵㕤⣏ⴁⲩ佌䘬㇞⎋䷥㔠⛐㭼ἳᶲ 䘬ⶖ嶅ˤ㬌⼴ℏ㔯炻⇯㚱忂婾ˬ哫䣦˭䳬䷼冯䉗伒ˣ⭞⯳ˣ堋㚵ˣ墅梦ˣ㔯 幓ˣ梇䈑ˣ⨂⦣ˣ做⃺ˣ䕦䕭ˣ㬣ṉˣ楀椾ˣ䤕℠ˣ彚㤕ˣ䊑䌝ˣ忂屐ˣㇳ ⶍˣ徟ᾉˣ⿏ね䫱ˬ哫὿˭㤪㱩炻IJĴ⏰䎦䔞㗪㖍㛔㬾㮹䴙㱣㇨㌴㎉⇘㶉㯜㱛 㳩➇ᷕᶲ㷠㲘晭㕷䘬悐句㔯⊾ℏ㵝炻Ữ⌣暋ẍ彐嬀↢⣏尡䣦佌䘬䈡岒㇨⛐ˤ ᶵ忶炻娚⽿㚠㖶䡢⛘⮯ˬ⣏尡哫˭冯ˬ⣏ⴁⲩ哫˭᷎↿䁢Ḵ炻Ὰ㗗⍵㗈㕗㗪

⣏尡䣦佌⯂㛒塓従怟暊ᶱ奺㸏ℏⰙ㓭⯭侴㳩暊㕤⣏ⴁⲩ⇵Ⱉ佌柀➇䘬㬟⎚⮎

㱩ˤ

IJĺijı ⸜炷⣏㬋 ĺ ⸜炸ĸ 㚰炻冢䀋䷥䜋⹄㓡朑⛘㕡埴㓧⇞⹎炻⺊昌冢䀋大 悐⺛⇞炻㕘姕冢⊿ˣ㕘䪡ˣ冢ᷕˣ冢⋿ˣ檀晬Ḽⶆ炻ⶆᶳ姕悉炻Ṳ㟫⚺⽑冰

⛘⋨晠Ⱄ㕤㕘䪡ⶆ⣏㹒悉ᶳˬ哫⛘˭ˤIJĵ⛐ IJĺĴĹ ⸜炷㗕␴ IJĴ ⸜炸ĺ 㚰䓙冢䀋

IJijˢ㟫⚺⺛䶐炻˪㟫⚺⺛⽿˫炻枩 IJĵĶĮIJĵĹˣijĸIJĮijĺĹˤ IJĴˢ㟫⚺⺛䶐炻˪㟫⚺⺛⽿˫炻枩 ijĵĺĮijķĹˤ

IJĵˢ䌳ᶾㄞ䶐个炻˪慵ᾖ冢䀋䚩忂⽿炽⌟ᶫ㓧㱣⽿⺢伖㱧朑䭯˫炷冢ᷕ烉冢䀋䚩㔯䌣⥼⒉㚫炻IJĺĺIJ ⸜炸炻枩 ijĹĶĮ ijĹķˣijĺIJĮijĺĴˤ斄㕤㖍㱣㗪㛇ˬ哫⛘˭䴙㱣橼⇞䘬⿏岒ˣ㤕⊁␴忳ἄ炻⍫夳㜦ⱉ㟤叿炻␐ὲ⬯嬗炻˪ˬ哫⛘˭

䴙㱣冯ˬⰙ⛘˭埴㓧烉冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㕷䣦㚫䘬⛘㕡⊾˫炷冢⊿烉⚳䩳冢䀋⣏⬠↢䇰ᷕ⽫炻ijıIJĹ ⸜炸炻枩 ĹĸĮ IJĵĹˤ℞ᷕ⺽䓐冢⊿ⷅ⚳⣏⬠Ṣ栆⬠侭⭖㛔⺞Ṣ㇨妨ˬᑳӦՏܭ΋૓Չࡹ୔ୱѦǴࢂ྽ਔᆵ᡼Ȑ፾ҔϣӦۯߏ Ьကࡕȑ୤΋ό፾ҔВҁ୯ᏦݤޑӦ୔˭炻䵲㍍叿婒㖶ˬȬᑳӦȭ୷ҁ΢ό೛࿼۔࿿ǵλᏢਠϷϦᏢਠǴচ Ր҇ᗨόॄયิက୍Ǵՠ໪ܺமڋമ୏Ǵό࿶ቩղߡૈࣽаӉᆦǴβӦ܌Ԗ៾ҭόᕇߥምǶ˭炷枩 Ĺĸ炸ˤ

(8)

㕘倆㕘䪡㓗⯨攟卭慶䥨晬㇨叿˪㕘䪡ⶆ㱧朑⎚˫ᶨ㚠ᷕ炻℞⼴䶐˨㓗恋㗪ẋ

⍲柀冢⇵⼴˩䫔Ḵ䪈䫔ḅ䭨姀庱㟫⚺⺛䭉ℏˬ哫䣦˭炻⊭㊔㲘晭㕷ˬ⣏ⴁⲩ 哫˭ˣˬ⣏尡哫˭ˣˬ楔㬎䜋哫˭䫱炻ᷣ天㐀抬冒⃰⇵ IJĺıķ ⸜䇰˪㟫⚺⺛⽿˫

ᷕ斄㕤⎬䣦佌悐句↮ⶫˣ㇞⎋㔠⍲℞冯㶭㖍㓧⹄堅䨩䘬ℏ⭡ˤIJĶ

㬌⼴炻⛐ IJĺĵĵ ⸜炷㗕␴ IJĺ ⸜炸ĵ 㚰⣏㹒悉⼡㇨↲埴䓙⭴㯠寸䶐个䘬˪⣏

㹒娴˫䫔⋩ᶱ䪈˨䎮哫˩炻妰↿哫⛘ˣ䧖㕷ˣ桐佺炷䣦㚫䳬䷼ˣ堋梇ỷˣ幓 橼墅梦ˣ↹优ˣ⬿㔁ˣ⿏傥䈡岒ˣ㇘櫔ˣ↢勱ˣ䴻㾇ˣ⎋䠹⁛婒炸ˣ䎮哫ḳ 㤕䫱䭨ˤ˪⣏㹒娴˫妰 IJĹ 䪈⏓旬抬ℙ IJĶĸ 枩炻娚䪈⌛Ỽ ķı 枩炻⮯役ℐ㚠⚃

ㆸ䘬䭯ⷭ炻㬌冱⛐ᷣ奨シ⎹ᶲ炻栗䣢↢䎮哫ḳ㤕㕤娚悉廬⋨⛘㕡埴㓧䘬慵天

⿏烊侴⛐⭊奨㡅ẞᶲ炻ㅱ冯䶐个侭䔞㗪⶚⎗⍫侫⍾㛸˪哫㕷婧㞍⟙⏲㚠˫ˣ

˪冢䀋̯哫㕷䞼䨞˫ˣ˪冢䀋̯哫㕷˫ˣ˪䎮哫娴䧧˫ˣ˪冢䀋哫Ṣ桐὿娴˫

忁栆⮰叿㚱斄ˤIJķ

娚䪈ᷕ斄㕤䧖㕷悐↮䘬㔀徘炻㍸⇘悉ᶳ檀䞪㕷䁢㲘晭㕷炻㚱⣏ⴁⲩˬ⇵

Ⱉ哫˭ˣˬͤͤ͢Ϋ哫˭炷⌛ˬ⼴Ⱉ哫˭炸ˣˬΖ΢ͫΧΫ哫˭䫱悐句炻㬌 嗽ᶵ夳ˬ⣏尡哫˭ᷳ⎵炻ㅱ㗗䶐个侭⶚䃞⮯ IJĺıĸ ⸜ᷳ⼴〱㔠塓従怟军奺㜧 Ⱉ⛘⋨䘬⣏尡䣦佌炻䲵ℍ⣏ⴁⲩ⇵Ⱉ哫䘬䲣䴙ᷳᷕˤIJĸ斄㕤桐佺䘬ℏ⭡炻⊭

㊔䣦㚫䳬䷼ˣ堋梇ỷˣ幓橼䘬墅梦ˣ↹优ˣ⬿㔁ˣ⿏傥䈡岒ˣ㇘櫒ˣ↢勱ˣ 䴻㾇ˣ⎋䠹⁛婒䫱枭炻⤪⎴⇵㎕˪㟫⚺⺛⽿˫䘬㧉⺷ᶨ凔炻⣂䁢㲘晭㕷ˣ⣏

ⴁⲩ佌䘬忂婾⺷ṳ䳡ˤIJĹ㚱斄㕤䎮哫ḳ㤕䘬㔀徘炻⛐柀冢⇵∱所⁛ᷣ㓧㛇攻

⮵㕤⊿冢⍇ỷ㮹悐句䘬∧㑓㍒㕥炻ẍ⍲柀冢⼴晀≯䶂㍐忚㟫⚺⺛ˬ哫䣦˭䘬 㽨㇘忶䦳炻⎒ IJĺıĸ ⸜ẍ⇵䘬⎚⮎炻ㇵ暞㗇⛘↢䎦ˬ⣏尡䣦˭炷ℑ㫉炸ˣˬ⣏

尡哫˭炷ᶨ㫉炸䘬⫿䛤炻℞检䭯ⷭ⣂叿⡐㕤 IJĺIJı ⸜ẋẍ⼴憅⮵⣏ⴁⲩ佌ˬ⼴

IJĶˢ卭慶䥨晬炻˪㕘䪡ⶆ㱧朑⎚˫炷㕘䪡烉㕘䪡ⶆ㱧朑⎚↲埴㚫炻IJĺĴĹ ⸜炸炻⼴䶐炻枩 ĸķĮĹıˤ IJķˢ⭴㯠寸䶐炻˪⣏㹒娴˫炷㕘䪡烉⣏㹒悉⼡㇨炻IJĺĵĵ ⸜炸ˤ

IJĸˢ⭴㯠寸䶐炻˪⣏㹒娴˫炻枩 Ĵĵˤ IJĹˢ⭴㯠寸䶐炻˪⣏㹒娴˫炻枩 ĴĵĮķĵˤ

(9)

Ⱉ哫˭䘬妶Ẹḳ㤕ˤIJĺ

⣏农婒Ἦ炻㖍㱣⇅㛇⣏尡䣦佌冯㖍㛔䔞⯨嗽㕤∵㉼⻑⻝䘬㔝⮵ン⊊炻䔞 㗪㟫⚺⛘㕡⽿㚠⮯⣏尡䣦佌⇣∫䁢慶埣⃯㙜侴㛒䴻攳⊾䘬⼊尉炻怑嵛ẍ嬻⢾

Ἦ䴙㱣侭⍾⼿Ḯ㬎≃妶Ẹ䘬㬋䔞⿏冯㔯㖶㔁⊾䘬⽭天⿏ˤ晐叿㗪攻䘬㳩必炻

⶚䃞塓㬾㮹䴙㱣侭ˬ⼩㚵˭ᶼ塓従䦣⯭Ṿ⛘侴慵㕘㓞䶐䘬⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹炻 㕤㖍㱣⼴㛇㟫⚺⛘⋨㕡⽿ℏ⭡䘬彐嬀⹎㖶栗⛘旵Ỷ炻ㆾ㗗塓䰈䴙⛘㬠䁢⣏ⴁ ⲩˬ⇵Ⱉ哫˭䘬悐句炻⛐㕡⽿㔯㛔䘬ᶾ䓴ᷕ╒⣙Ḯἄ䁢䈡⭂⍇ỷ㮹䣦佌䘬ᷣ

橼⿏炻℞傥夳⹎ḇ⚈侴㶉⊾㛒㖶烊䚠⮵⮹㔠䘬⣏尡䣦佌炻冒㬌⿵劍ᶨ晙幓㕤 Ṣ㔠庫⣂ᷳ⣏ⴁⲩ佌䘬ˬ䔘⶙˭ˤijı栆Ụ䘬䎦尉炻ḇ⺞临军 ijı ᶾ䲨⼴㛇䘬㟫

⚺⛘㕡⽿㚠ᷳᷕˤ

έȃᗴ٘ޟ੎໯ᇄ᜞ጢϽޟόफ

IJĺĵĶ ⸜炻䫔Ḵ㫉ᶾ䓴⣏㇘㖍㛔㇘㓿㈽旵炻ᷕ厗㮹⚳㓧⹄㍍㓞冢䀋烊⎴

⸜⸽炻⛘㕡埴㓧⇞⹎婧㔜炻Ṳ㟫⚺⽑冰⠫➇㓡⇞䁢㕘䪡䷋⣏㹒⋨奺㜧悱ˤ IJĺĶı ⸜ IJı 㚰炻冒㕘䪡䷋∫↢㟫⚺䷋炻奺㜧悱㓡晠㟫⚺䷋⣏㹒⋨ˤ佴⸜炻⛘

㕡冒㱣⮎㕥ᷳ⼴炻塩㑌⋨⇞炻奺㜧悱⽆㬌䚜晠㕤㟫⚺䷋㓧⹄ˤIJĺĶĵ ⸜ IJı 㚰炻 㓡⎵⽑冰悱炻䁢䔞㗪䷋廬朊䧵㚨⣏䘬悱捖炻Ṏ㗗ⓗᶨ䘬Ⱉ⛘悱ˤijIJ

䓙悕啘桐ᷣᾖ㕤 IJĺķij 军 IJĺķĺ ⸜映临↢䇰䘬˪㟫⚺䷋⽿˫炻℞˪⌟椾炽

↉ἳ˫䫔ℕ㡅㊯↢烉ˬξӦӕ߶ϩթܭᑜნޣǴ໻ف݈ξ΋໛Ǵឦੀ໡௼Ƕ ځޗ཮ಔᙃǴғࢲಞᄍǴғౢБԄǴܭڔ҃ձइϐ˭ˤijij娚⽿㚠˪⌟㛓⽿检˫

IJĺˢ⭴㯠寸䶐炻˪⣏㹒娴˫炻枩 ķķˣĸĵˤ

ijıˢᶵ㗗㕡⽿炻℞Ṿ⤪ IJĺĴĹ ⸜炷㗕␴ IJĴ ⸜炸䘤埴䘬⬱᾵㖶佑䶐˪冢䀋⛘⎵录㚠˫炻⛐冢⊿ⶆ㴟Ⱉ悉ᶳ⬴ℐ㛒 夳⣏尡䣦佌䘬㔀徘烊侴⛐㕘䪡ⶆ⣏㹒悉ᶳ哫⛘ ĵı 检䣦炻ḇ↢䎦ᶨ㡅ˬͯͼͩ͜䣦炷⃫̯⣏尡䣦炸˭䘬婒㖶ˤ

⬱᾵㖶佑䶐炻˪冢䀋⛘⎵䞼䨞˫炷冢⊿烉哫婆䞼䨞㚫炻IJĺĴĹ ⸜炸炻枩 IJĴĵĮIJĴķˣIJĵĺĮIJĶĶˤ ijIJˢ䌳ᶾㄞ䶐个炻˪慵ᾖ冢䀋䚩忂⽿炽⌟ᶫ㓧㱣⽿⺢伖㱧朑䭯˫炻枩 ĴijĺĮĴĺĵˤ

ijijˢ悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟椾˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㔯䌣⥼⒉㚫炻IJĺķij ⸜炸炻枩 ĸˤ

(10)

䫔ᶨ䭯⮰↿˨㲘晭㕷㤪㱩䭯˩炻℞攳⟜⸷妨Ṏḹ烉ˬҁדڔΒΓ҇דǴচӈ ԖМ௼ጇǴаइӚМ௼ϐݮॠރݩǹҗܭၗ਑҂ഢǴں঑጗অǶǾǾځξӦ

௼೽ϩǴ੝ܭڔ҃דᎩ࿼ੀ໡௼ཷݩ΋ጇаॊϐǴᙖӄўჴ˭ˤijĴℐ䭯妰↮

ᶱ䪈炻䫔ᶨ䪈昛徘奺㜧悱⠫炷Ṳ⽑冰悱炸㽌ṩˣ攟冰ˣ佑䚃ˣᶱ㮹ˣ檀佑ˣ ᶱ⃱䫱 ķ 㛹ℙ ijĵ ᾳ悐句㱧朑炻䫔Ḵ䪈婒㖶㲘晭㕷䘬䣦㚫⇞⹎ˣ⭞⹕⇞⹎冯

⬿㔁䫱炻䫔ᶱ䪈㔀婒㲘晭㕷䓇㳣佺ㄋ⊭㊔堋梦ˣ梚梇ˣỷ⯭ˣ㔯幓炷⇢⡐ˣ

㉼䈁ˣ䨧俛ˣ昌㮃炸冯⨂⩩ˣ䓊⫸ˣ╒吔ˣ䤕䣨䫱䥖䭨ˤ

忂奨娚䭯㴱⍲⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹悐句䘬䲨抬炻㗗暞㗇ᶼ䇯㕟⛘↢䎦㕤⫿

墉埴攻炻℞ᷕ庫䁢㖶䡢⛘㍸⍲⣏尡ᷳ⎵侭炻⤪䫔ᶨ䪈䫔ᶨ䭨姀庱㽌ṩ㛹⛘⋨

奺㜧Ⱉ冢⛘悐句ḹ烉ˬচۚᆵчԀੇξଗεଃӦ୔Ǵ҇߻ 281 ԃȐమଳໜ 8 ԃȑ໔ǴᎂۚථӦǴਔ໻ΟЊǴتζΎΓ˭烊⎴䪈䫔ᶱ䭨姀庱佑䚃㛹⛘⋨⍇

⯭冢ᷕⶆ傥檀悉䐒䁰⶜⛘⋨䘬⽿两悐句ḹ烉ˬ҇߻ 291 ԃ炷㶭晵㬋 IJı ⸜炸ਔǴ ᎂۚࠄකϺξϐ᜾Ǵऊᐕ 91 ԃǴൺᙯᎂԿᆵчᑜឦੇξϐεଃǶ҇߻ 7 ԃ炷㖍 㖶㱣 Ĵĺ ⸜炸21 ДǴᆶВैᐟᏯԿਗ਼Ǵಖаჲόእ౲ǴଏᗉܭϞଯက׸ϐഓ ᜦᎵǴಜԃ 6 ДǴൺୖуӚ೽ပᆶВ᝾ 3 ίӜεᏯܭܾᓐξǴӕԃ 9 Дόእ Զफ़Ǵᙯᎂ౜֟˭ˤijĵ⛐悐句䘬怟䦣忶䦳␴ ijı ᶾ䲨⇵㛇䘬㈿㖍ḳẞᷕ炻ㆹᾹ 䔍⽖⎗夳⮹姙㴱⍲⣏尡䣦佌䘬㍷徘ˤ㬌⢾炻娚䭯℞检䪈䭨斄㕤⽑冰⛘⋨㲘晭 㕷䣦㚫⇞⹎ˣ⭞⹕⇞⹎ˣ⬿㔁ᾉẘˣ䤆娙徟ᾉ␴⎬䧖䓇㳣佺ㄋ䘬㔀徘炻㤪Ⱄ 㲃婾⿏岒烊⣏尡䣦佌ẍ⍲⣏ⴁⲩ佌䘬幓⼙炻⸦᷶晙⼊㕤㲘晭㕷䘬ℐ䧙ᷳᷕˤijĶ

ijĴˢġ悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟㛓⽿检˫炻枩 IJˤ⎎㟡㒂˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟㛓⽿检˫䫔Ḽ䭯˨㟫⚺䷋⽿个ᾖ䴻忶˩炻 䫔ᶱ䪈˨䘤↉崟ἳ˩ᷕ姀庱 IJĺĶij ⸜ Ķ 㚰⍇妪⭂ᷳ˨㟫⚺䷋⽿䧧↉ἳ˩䫔Ḽ㡅ḹ烉ˬξӦӕ߶ϩթܭҁᑜნޣǴ

໻ف݈ξ΋໛ǴЪӕឦϼ໡ᅟ΋௼ǴୢᚒၨࣁᙁൂǶځݮॠܭΓ҇דύ೛കॊϐǹᎩӵғࢲಞᄍǵޗ཮ಔᙃǵ ғౢБԄ฻ǴӚߕܭԖᜢӚדጇകϐࡕǴ٬ځᜪᆫ˭ˤ⼴䴻 IJĺĶĴ ⸜ ķ 㚰ᾖ㬋ˣIJĺĶĵ ⸜ ķ 㚰ℏ㓧悐㟠Ⅾ⁁㟰䘬

⽿䧧↉ἳ䫔⋩㡅炻ᷣ天⇒⍣⃰⇵⽿䧧↉ἳᷕ䘬ˬ⓷柴庫䁢䯉╖˭ˣˬἧ℞栆倂˭ℑ⎍炻⎎⮯ˬṢ㮹⽿˭㓡䁢ˬṢ

⎋⽿˭炻检⇯⣏⎴⮷䔘ˤ℞⼴䫔⚃䪈˨⽝普冯个ᾖ˩ᷕ㍸⇘烉ˬᑜឦϼ໡௼ǴচӈΕΓ҇דМ௼ጇύǹӢМ

௼ጇࡑុঅǴࡺኩஒځཷݩǴӈߕܭڔ҃ǴӸځၗ਑Ǵаഢঅᝪϐၗ˭ˤ悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟㛓⽿检˫炻 枩 IJĴĺˣIJĵIJˣIJĵĵˤ䓙㬌⎗夳炻娚⽿㚠⍇㒔⮯㲘晭㕷⍇ỷ㮹䘬ℏ⭡伖㕤⌟ḴṢ㮹炷ㆾṢ⎋炸⽿ᷕ炻⛐ℐ㚠⭂䧧

ᷳ晃➢㕤⇵徘侫慷炻忪㓡ẍˬ⽿检˭䘬㕡⺷Ἦ嗽䎮ˤ ijĵˢ悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟㛓⽿检˫炻枩 IJˣĶˤ ijĶˢ悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟㛓⽿检˫炻枩 IJıĮijĹˤ

(11)

娚⽿㚠昌Ḯ˪⌟㛓⽿检˫䫔ᶨ䭯˨㲘晭㕷㤪㱩䭯˩ᷳ⢾炻斄㕤㲘晭㕷䘬 姀庱Ṏ㔋夳㕤℞Ṿ⎬⽿䭯䪈ᷳᷕˤ㤪天侴妨炻栆Ụ˨㲘晭㕷㤪㱩䭯˩䘬ね⼊炻

⣏尡䣦佌⣂塓圵ℍ㲘晭㕷䘬㔜橼㔀ḳ傰䴉ᷕ炻䓊䓇Ḯᶨ䧖䚠⮵䘬怲䶋⿏ˤ

˪⌟ᶱ炷ᶲ炸㓧ḳ⽿˫䫔ᶨ䭯˨⺢伖˩䫔ℕ䪈˨Ⱉ⛘埴㓧˩䘬ℏ㔯炻ㅱ䁢

˪㟫⚺䷋⽿˫ℐ㚠⎬⌟㔀⍲⣏尡䣦佌庫⣂䘬䭯䪈ˤ⛐℞䫔ᶨ䭨˨㤪徘˩ᷕ㍸

⇘⯭ỷ䷋⠫ℏ䘬㲘晭㕷炻ὅ悐句↮ⶫ≈ẍ⋨⇍炻⊭㊔㱧ᶱ奺㸏㹒ᶲ㷠䘬ˬ⣏

尡䔒˭ˣ㱧⣏ⴁⲩⶅᶲ㳩䘬ˬ⣏ⴁⲩ䔒˭ˣ㱧①厄㢂㹒ᶲ㷠䘬ˬ楔㬎䜋䔒˭

䫱ᶱ䧖炻᷎㱧多⇵⺽㖍㱣㗪㛇˪㟫⚺⺛⽿˫⮯㲘晭䲣䴙冯↙忼㟤嗕䲣䴙䚠㶟 㵮䘬婒㱽炻侴㚱ˬ㒂⁛⣏尡㚱冲㗪㬎㛍䀋ˣ㒢㍍ℑ䔒ᷳ䲣䴙˭䘬婌妋烊⛐㬌

ᷳ⼴炻⽆㶭ẋˣ㖍㒂㗪㛇䘬哫㓧⇘㇨媪⃱⽑⼴䘬Ⱉ⛘埴㓧炻昌Ḯ忂婾⺷䘬㬟

⎚側㘗ˣ䴙㱣㍒㕥冯㕷佌斄Ὢ䫱㔀徘ᷳ⢾炻ijķṵ冲㗗⛐㘂㶭∱所⁛ˬ攳Ⱉ㑓 䔒˭䘬㬟⎚㗪䨢傰䴉ᶳ炻ㇵ㚫䇯㭝⛘↢䎦㬠枮⭀⹄ㆾ側䲬⎃Ḫ䘬⣏尡䣦炷↢

䎦㫉㔠䷥妰ℑ㫉炸ˤijĸ⍵Ὰ㗗⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹㕤 ijı ᶾ䲨⇅㛇怟⯭奺㜧Ⱉ⛘⋨

ᶨḳ炻ㆾ侭㗗㇘⼴⇅㛇⣏尡柕䚖⼴塼㦪ᾉ炽䒎㖎䫱Ṣ⎹㓧⹄⏰婳⽑㬠ᶱⲥ⍇

悱ᶨḳ炻䪇㗗晣⫿㛒㍸ˤ军㕤℞Ṿ⎬⽿䭯䪈䘬䚠斄ℏ⭡炻⎗⣏农㬠䲵↢ẍᶳ ℑ䧖㔀徘⍾⎹烉

炷ᶨ炸⽆䴙㱣侭䘬䩳⟜⏰䎦㲘晭㕷冯㻊Ṣㆾ⢾Ἦ㓧㪲䘬幵ḳ堅䨩冯㓧䴻 斄Ὢ烉⤪˪⌟椾⽿䔍䭯˫䫔ᶱ䪈˨㉻㬾˩ᷕ斄㕤㶭ẋ㟫⚺⛘⋨㻊Ṣ㉻⡦ˣ㶭

⬋ˬ攳Ⱉ㑓䔒˭ẍ⍲㖍㱣㗪㛇㍐埴ˬ䎮䔒ḳ㤕˭忶䦳㇨↢䎦䘬ˬ䓇䔒炷哫炸˭ˣ ˬ⣏ⴁⲩ䔒˭⍲℞⎬悐句炻埴㔯ᷳᷕ⣏⣂⣦ⷞ叿ᶨ䧖⍇ỷ㮹冯⢾Ἦ⊊≃ᷳ攻 䘬䵲⻝ン⊊ˤijĹ䈡⇍㗗⛐⍇ỷ㮹㈿㖍䘬㔀ḳ傰䴉ᷕ㚨㗗㖶栗炻⤪˪⌟ℕṢ䈑

ijķˢ悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟ᶱ炷ᶲ炸㓧ḳ⽿˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㔯䌣⥼⒉㚫炻IJĺķĵ ⸜炸炻枩 IJĸĴĮIJĹĺˤ忂䭯ℏ

⭡⣂㲳㹊叿ᷕ厗㔯㖶㔁⊾ˣ㻊㕷ᷕ⽫ᷣ佑ẍ⍲㈿㖍シ嬀䘬⿅䵕炻ἳ⤪䫔⚃䭨˨⃱⽑⼴ᷳⰙ⛘埴㓧˩䫔Ḽ䚖㔀 徘Ⱉ⛘䘬㔯⊾㔁做炻ˬ40 ԃ 8 ДǴ࣪ࡹ۬ࣁуமޟ҅ξझ٬ҔВᇟǴ੝ुۓӚᑜξӦ௢Չ୯ᇟᒤݤǴදၹ௢

Չ୯ᇟǴᙖаදϷ઒୯ЎϯǴගଯ୯ৎᢀۺᆶ҇௼ཀ᛽Ƕ…… ϞξӦΓ҇ӭςԾޕࣁύ๮҇௼Ǵుགᄪ۩Ǵ ࠍᜫࣁ୯ਏΚخ˭炷枩 IJĹĺ炸ˤ

ijĸˢ悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟ᶱ炷ᶲ炸㓧ḳ⽿˫炻枩 IJĸĹˣIJĹĺˤ

ijĹˢ悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟椾⽿䔍˫炻枩 ĴĴĮĵĴˤ栆Ụ䘬㔀徘炻⎎⎗夳㕤悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟椾⣏

ḳ姀˫炻枩 ĺıĮIJıĹˤ

(12)

⽿䩳⽟䭯˫䘬˨㬎⣏≈㉱ᾅ⁛˩姀庱℞䚜䲣塼⬓㑩㚱ˬ奺㜧ᷳ嗶˭䧙嘇䘬ỽ

㉱㋒⸚炻㕤㖍㱣⇅㛇␴⣏尡䣦䷥柕䚖厗ᷡ旧屟䫱㕷Ṣ倗⎰㈿㖍䘬ḳ帇ˤijĺ 䭯˨㲘⡐㬎⢷⇑⁛˩椾⃰抒昛㖍㱣⇅㛇㖍幵㕤哫䓴⺢伖嬎䓴䶂炻旣㕟ᶱ奺㸏

⣏尡䣦⍇ỷ㮹㖍䓐⽭暨⑩䘬⍾⼿炻农ἧ℞ˬόளςፎᜫܭВ࿎۬Ǵ঑ϒᑳࣚ

೛ҥނࠔҬܰ܌ǴаВΓ຾ξᇙတࣁచҹ˭ˤ⼴䴻冢䀋䷥䜋⹄姙⎗炻ẍ儎ᶩ Ḵ䘦⎵ℍ⣏尡ˣ曆暚䭱儎⮖墥儎炻ˬ␢਑ВΓǴᇸຎξझǴނࠔҬܰόϦǴ Ъதঐଋᑳζǹಖаཅଆᑳޗϐόᛙో˭炻䵲㍍叿姀庱忁ỵ⬯ℏˣ曆暚ˣ佑 怲ᶱ悐句䷥柕䚖㲘⡐㬎⢷⇑炻⤪ỽ冯⣏尡䣦䷥柕䚖厗ᷡ旧屟⋼㓣㖍幵ˣ徥忤 㖍幵徨军⣏尡Ⱉᶳ䘬ḳ帇ˤĴı

炷Ḵ炸㲘晭㕷悐句㔯⊾ˣ䣦㚫⇞⹎冯桐⛇㮹ね䘬忂婾⺷䲨抬烉⤪˪⌟Ḵ Ṣ㮹⽿˫䫔Ḵ䭯˨婆妨˩䫔Ḵ䪈䫔ᶱ䭨斄㕤㲘晭婆枛䲣䴙䘬姀庱ˣ䫔ᶱ䪈斄 㕤㲘晭婆䘬婆⼁ˣ䫔⚃䪈䫔ᶱ䭨斄㕤㲘晭㕷㚫娙⍲㓭ḳ䘬姀庱炻䫔ᶱ䭯˨䥖

὿˩䫔⚃䪈˨Ⱉ⛘㕷ᷳ䥖὿˩斄㕤㲘晭㕷ᷳ䓇㳣佺ㄋˣ桐὿ᾉẘ冯⎬枭䥖₨

䘬㔀徘ˤĴIJ˪⌟ᶱ㓧ḳ⽿炷ᶳ炸˫䫔ℓ䭯˨䣦㚫˩䫔ᶨ䪈˨䣦㚫䳬䷼˩䫔ᶨ 䭨䫔⚃䚖斄㕤奺㜧Ⱉᶨⷞ㲘晭㕷⭞⹕⍲⭞㕷ˣ䫔Ḵ䭨斄㕤㲘晭㕷⛘➇䳬䷼䘬 㔀徘䫱䫱ˤĴij

⤪冯㖍㱣㗪㛇䘬˪㟫⚺⺛⽿˫䚠Ḻ㭼庫炻⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹↢䎦㕤㇘⼴㗪 㛇˪㟫⚺䷋⽿˫䘬ね⼊炻昌Ḯ⛐䓐婆䧙媪ᶲ⽆塓⼩㚵䘬ˬ哫Ṣ˭廱嬲䁢㔁⊾

㚱ㆸ䘬ˬ⎴傆˭炷Ⱉ傆炸ᷳ⢾炻Ḵ侭㤪䘮仢᷷ẍ娚䣦佌悐句㬟⎚㔯⊾㛔幓ἄ 䁢ᷣ橼䘬㔀徘ℏ⭡ˤ⛐⭀㕡䴙㱣侫慷冯㻊㕷ᷕ⽫⎚奨䘬䰈休ᷳᶳ炻䦣⯭⣏ⴁ ⲩ⇵Ⱉ佌⛘➇䘬⣏尡䣦佌炻⸦᷶ㆸḮ晙幓䘬㲘晭㕷Ṣ冯怲䶋⊾䘬ˬ䔘⶙˭炷哫

ijĺˢ悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟ℕṢ䈑⽿˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㔯䌣⥼⒉㚫炻IJĺķĹ ⸜炸炻枩 ijķĮijĺˤ Ĵıˢ悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟ℕṢ䈑⽿˫炻枩 ijĺĮĴıˤ

ĴIJˢ悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟ḴṢ㮹⽿˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㔯䌣⥼⒉㚫炻IJĺķĵ ⸜炸炻枩 ĹIJĮIJıĴˣIJĵĹĮIJķĹˣijıĵĮ ijıķˤ

Ĵijˢ悕啘桐ᷣᾖ炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⌟ᶱ炷ᶳ炸㓧ḳ⽿˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㔯䌣⥼⒉㚫炻IJĺķĵ ⸜炸炻枩 IJĺijˣIJĺĶˤ

(13)

ṢㆾⰙ傆炸炻ㆸ䁢㕡⽿㚠⮓ᷕᶨ佌⼊尉㛎㛏㧉䱲䘬⍇ỷ㮹䣦佌ˤĴĴ

Ѳȃתތޟ੎໯ᇄкᡝܒޟӔ౪

IJĺĹı ⸜ẋẍἮ炻晐叿㮹ᷣシ嬀䘬㶙⊾ˣṢ㮹⎚奨䘬㖪㎂冯㕷佌斄㆟䘬 句⮎炻冢䀋⎬䳂埴㓧㨇斄㇨个ᾖ⬴ㆸ䘬⛘㕡⽿㚠炻昌Ḯ⺞临忶⼨⮯㕡⽿夾䁢 庼㓧ᷳ㚠炷屯㱣ˣ㔁⊾ˣ⬀⎚炸䘬⁛䴙奨⾝ᷳ⢾炻㚜⻟婧℞ἄ䁢悱⛇㔯⊾㔁 㛸ㆾ㗗⛘㕡䘦䥹ℐ㚠䘬≇傥炻㴱⍲⣂⃫㕷佌㔯⊾ˣỷ㮹䓇㳣䥖὿ˣ⛘㕡䓊䴻 䈡刚冯奨⃱㕭忲屯䓊䫱䭯䪈炻䙲≈⍿⇘⎬㕡Ṣ⢓䘬慵夾ˤĴĵ

⎎ᶨ㕡朊炻冒 IJĺĹı ⸜ẋᷕ㛇⍇ỷ㮹ˬ㬋⎵忳≽˭攳⥳炻㌨崟Ḯ⼴Ἦ桐 崟暚㸏䘬冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹䣦㚫忳≽炻⛐映临㎕䣢ˬ怬ㆹ⛇⛘˭ˣˬ㓡⚆⍇⥻˭冯 ˬ㮹㕷冒㱣˭䫱⎬栆㈿䇕姜㯪䘬⎴㗪炻ĴĶ⚆栏忶⼨䩳嵛㕤⍇ỷ㮹㕷奨溆㇨㥳 䭱ᷳ㬟⎚婾徘䘬䚠⮵ᶵ嵛炻ḇ㍐Ὣ冢䀋⬠䓴⿅䳊⤪ỽ㕤㕡⽿㚠⮓ᷕ⺢䩳崟

⍇ỷ㮹㕷䘬ᷣ橼⿏炻㤝≃䇕⍾㚜⣂⽆怲昚怩⎹㟠⽫ˣ⽆䔘⶙⚆㬠ㆹ佌䘬娙婆

ĴĴˢ⎎⢾炻ỵ嗽⣏尡䣦佌㳣≽柀➇大“䘬⣏㹒⛘⋨炻⛐ ijııĵ ⸜ˣijıIJĵ ⸜↢䇰䘬˪⣏㹒捖⽿炽㬟⎚䭯˫䫔ᶨ䪈䫔Ḵ 䭨˨檀Ⱉ㕷⍇ỷ㮹˩炻ḇ㤪䔍⛘ṳ䳡㲘晭㕷⣏ⴁⲩ⇵Ⱉ䔒炷ŎŴţŵŶůŶŹ 佌炸冯⼴Ⱉ䔒炷ňŰŨŢů 佌炸ˤ⏛㋗㻊

䷥䶐个炻˪⣏㹒捖⽿炽㬟⎚䭯˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋⣏㹒捖℔㇨炻ijııĵ ⸜炸炻枩 IJĴĴĮIJĴķ烊伭拎㔯ᷣ䶐炻˪⣏㹒捖⽿炽 㬟⎚䭯˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋⣏㹒捖℔㇨炻ijıIJĵ ⸜炸炻枩 IJIJĺĮIJijĴˤ⮎晃ᶲ炻㬌Ḵ⽿㚠⎬䭯䪈䭨ℏ⭡ᷕ暞㗇ᶼ䰈 䴙⛘㍸⍲㲘晭㕷⍇ỷ㮹炷䓇䔒炸冯㻊Ṣ䘬Ḻ≽ね⼊ㆾ㗗⭀㕡䘬䎮䔒㍒㕥炻昌Ḯ ijııĵ ⸜䇰⛐˪Ṣ䈑䭯˫䫔 IJ 䪈

˨㓧㱣Ṣ䈑˩⺽㒂˪㟫⚺䷋⽿˫䫱㔯䌣昛徘ˬ奺㜧ᷳ嗶˭ỽ㉱㋒⸚倗⎰⣏尡㕷Ṣℙ⎴㈿㖍炷枩 ijĵIJĮijĵij炸炻℞

检⸦᷶㛒夳ẍˬ⣏尡䣦佌˭䁢⎵ᷳ㲘晭㕷⍇ỷ㮹䘬希⼙ˤ㕡⽿㔯㛔ᷳ⢾炻⛐ IJĺĹĴ ⸜↢䇰䘬㳒㓷湇䶐叿˪冢䀋 冲⛘⎵ᷳ㱧朑ġ䫔ḴℲ炷ᶲ炸˫ᷕ斄㕤⽑冰悱⠫⎬冲⛘⎵䘬䓙Ἦ炻㚱ᶨ⇯㍸⇘曆暚㛹拓䥹シ䣦炷ŔũŪŬŬŦŪ炸炻ˬ㖼 ἄ⣏尡䣦炻ɃɃ⯭㮹㲘晭㕷⣏ⴁⲩ佌˭ˤ㳒㓷湇䶐叿炻˪冢䀋冲⛘⎵ᷳ㱧朑ġ䫔ḴℲ炷ᶲ炸˫炷冢ᷕ烉冢䀋䚩 㔯䌣⥼⒉㚫炻IJĺĹĴ ⸜炸炻枩 IJIJıˤ侴⛐ ijııĺ ⸜↢䇰䘬㕥㶣䤷䷥䶐个˪冢䀋⛘⎵录㚠ġ⌟⋩Ḽ㟫⚺䷋炷ᶲ炸˫ᷕ

斄㕤⽑冰悱⠫⎬⛘⎵慳佑炻Ṏ⛐曆暚㛹⠫↢䎦ᶨ⇯⽿两ˣ拓䥹シ倂句炻ˬ⯭㮹䁢⣏㬋ℕ⸜炷IJĺIJĸ炸⽆冢⊿

䷋ᶱⲥ捖塓㖍嬎槭ℍᷳ⣏尡䣦㲘晭㕷Ṣ˭ˤ㕥㶣䤷䷥䶐个炻˪冢䀋⛘⎵录㚠ġ⌟⋩Ḽ㟫⚺䷋炷ᶲ炸˫炷⋿㈽烉

⚳⎚棐冢䀋㔯䌣棐炻ijııĺ ⸜炸炻枩 ĵIJIJˤ

Ĵĵˢ湫䥨㓧炻˨㇘⼴冢䀋㕡⽿䘬个ᾖ炷IJĺĵĶĮijııĶ炸˩炻㓞㕤㮷叿炻˪冢䀋⎚⽿㕘婾˫炷冢⊿烉Ḽ⋿⚾㚠↢䇰℔⎠炻 ijııĸ ⸜炸炻枩 ĵĵĴĮĶıĶˤ

ĴĶˢ斄㕤㇘⼴㗪㛇冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㕷䘬㈿䇕忳≽⍲℞䞼䨞⚆栏炻⎗⍫夳㰒㖶廅炻˨冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㕷忳≽䘬⚆栏冯⯽㛃˩炻 㓞㕤⻝努㟪ˣ惕㯠⸜ᷣ䶐炻˪ℑⱠ䣦㚫忳≽↮㜸˫炷冢⊿烉㕘冒䃞ᷣ佑偉ấ㚱旸℔⎠炻ijııĴ ⸜炸炻枩 ĺĶĮ IJĴĶ烊湫懜厗炻˪冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㕷忳≽䘬⚳㚫嶗䶂˫炷冢⊿烉⚳⭞⯽㛃㔯㔁➢慹㚫炻ijııĶ ⸜炸炻䫔 IJ 䪈炻枩 ijĸĮ Ĺĸ烊挦曺㝷炻˨冢䀋⃰ỷ㮹䣦㚫忳≽䞼䨞ȹȹẍˬ怬ㆹ⛇⛘˭忳≽䁢ᾳ㟰↮㜸˩炻冢⊿烉⚳䩳㓧㱣⣏⬠怲㓧 䞼䨞㇨䡑⢓婾㔯炻IJĺĺı ⸜ˤ

(14)

㪲ˤġĴķ⌛ἧᶨ攳⥳䘬▿娎炻㛒⽭傥䚉⤪Ṣシˤ

⛐ ijııı ⸜ᶾ䲨㛓↢䇰䘬˪⽑冰悱⽿˫炻ℐ㚠⌛⻟䁰⛘㧁㥄㲘晭㕷⍇ỷ 㮹ᷣ橼⿏䘬䶐个䩳⟜冯㔀ḳ⍾⎹炻娎⚾⽆⍇ỷ㮹䘬奨溆Ἦ䚳冢䀋㬟⎚冯悱⛇

㬟⎚䘬䘤⯽炻⤪悱攟㜿婈㥖柴⸷ᷕ㇨ḹ烉ˬךॺҔԾρفࡋ܌ቪޑਜǴ΋ҁ ឦܭךॺԾρޑਜǴόӆࢂдΓ฽ΠۚܭξӦޑ᡿૖ϐഁΓǶ˭Ĵĸ䃞侴炻忂 奨ℐ㚠炻⌛ἧ㴱⍲㲘晭㕷㬟⎚㔯⊾䘬䭯ⷭỼ䳽⮵⣂㔠炻㝸ṃ悐↮ṵ暋⃵㕤⽆

⎬㗪㛇⭀㕡䘬䩳⟜ㆾ㻊Ṣ䘬奺⹎Ἦ≈ẍ抒昛ˤ⤪˨⺢伖䭯˩ᷕὅ冲㳩曚↢ṃ 姙㬾㮹䴙㱣侭ˬ㑓䔒˭ˣˬ䎮䔒˭䘬刚⼑炻䓂军㕤⛐娚䭯䫔Ḵ䪈䫔ᶱ䭨ᷕ⮯

㲘晭㕷Ṣ㉝㈿⢾Ἦ㕷佌ㆾ㗗⢾Ἦ㓧㪲Ὕ䉗悐句柀➇䘬埴䁢炻䧙ᷳ䁢ˬ䔒⭛˭炻 侴㚱ˬ∱所⁛ᷳ妶䔒˭ˣˬ㖍ᷳ妶䔒˭忁栆䚠䔞ᶵ⼿橼䘬㧁柴炻ẍ⍲ˬ㛔悱 ḇ㚦䘤䓇庫慵⣏䘬䔒⭛˭ˣⶉ㑓∱所⁛ㆾ㖍Ṣˬ妶Ẹ⣏ⴁⲩ䔒˭ˣˬ⣏尡䣦

⎃㑓˭ˣˬ䔒Ḫᷫ⸛˭ˣˬ军㬌䔒䓴ㇵ䦵⸛朄˭ˣˬ䔒Ṣℵ⎃˭ˣˬ↮嶗忚 埴妶䔒˭ˣˬ婀䔒Ṣ⎃Ḫ˭ˣˬ婀㑺⃯䔒柕䚖˭ˣˬ㚱⣏尡䔒ˣ⣏ⴁⲩ䔒ˣ 楔㬎䜋䔒䫱炻℞䔒⿏枿∥〵˭ˣˬ军㖍Ṣ䳸㜇⮵冢䴙㱣炻ṵ䃞㛒⬴ℐ旵㚵䓇 䔒˭䫱䫱ᶵ⥍䔞䘬婆㱽↢䎦炻ġĴĹ䴻ⷠ⮯ˬ䔒˭ˣˬ哫˭忁栆⽆㶭ẋ军㖍㱣㗪

Ĵķˢ⤪㜿㰇佑㕤˨⽆⍇ỷ㮹㕷佌ᷳ怟䦣冯㒜㔋婯Ⱉ⛘悱⽿䶐个㕡⎹˩ᷕ㊯↢烉ˬᆵ᡼চՐ҇දၹೀӧ୯ৎӦ౛ᆶ ЎϯޑᜐໞǴाགྷᔒȘ៍șيܭᐕўޑइᒵǴค౦ጔЕ؃ങǶࣁΑᔆံ೭Бय़ޑલѨǴԖ᛽ϐγವόᑈཱུڥ ᢣႴᓰচՐ҇Ӧ୔ޑξӦໂவ٣ȬໂדȭइᒵǴ׆ఈவচՐ҇ޑفࡋǵᢀᗺǴ೸ၸໂדӧइ٣Бय़၁ಒइᒵ

೽ပελ٣ҹǴ੮Πමӧ೭΋༧βӦ΢วғޑ٣ҹۈ҃ǴٮࡕΓ጑ᚶଓࡘǹӧඔॊΓނБय़׳ёаుΕۭቫ аচՐ҇يϩᢀᗺଓᏫ೽ပΓނǴइᒵځ٣ᙬǴӧጓኗБय़ёаୖଜӚξӦໂ੝ՅϩጇፕകǴόڙࡽԖ໺಍

ᡏٯޑऊ״Ǵעໂβޗ཮Ўϯ଺ന۸ჴޑइᒵ˭炻㓞㕤姙暒⦔ˣ㜿䌱勡ᷣ䶐炻˪Ḽ⋩⸜Ἦ冢䀋㕡⽿ㆸ㝄姽Ộ 冯㛒Ἦ䘤⯽⬠埻䞼妶㚫婾㔯普˫炷冢⊿烉ᷕ⣖䞼䨞昊冢䀋⎚䞼䨞㇨䯴⁁嗽炻IJĺĺĺ ⸜炸炻枩 ĴIJIJĮĴIJijˤ䚠斄䘬婾 徘炻⎎⎗⍫夳娡䳈⧇炻˨㕷佌シ嬀冯⛘㕡⎚ȹȹẍ冢䀋ˬ⍇ỷ㮹⛘⋨˭䘬⽿㚠䶐个䁢ἳ˩炻㓞㕤⚳⎚棐冢䀋 㔯䌣棐䶐廗䳬䶐炻˪㕡⽿⬠䎮婾冯㇘⼴㕡⽿个ᾖ⮎⊁⚳晃⬠埻䞼妶㚫婾㔯普˫炷⋿㈽烉⚳⎚棐冢䀋㔯䌣棐炻 ijııĹ ⸜炸炻枩 ĴĶIJĮĴķĸ烊⍇ỷ㮹㕷⥼⒉㚫ᷣ彎炻˪冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㕷⛘⋨㕡⽿䶐ᾖㆸ㝄冯⓷柴䞼妶㚫㚫嬘屯㕁˫炷冢

⊿炻ijıIJĶ ⸜ IJı 㚰炸ˤ

Ĵĸˢ⽑冰悱⽿䶐廗⥼⒉㚫炻˪⽑冰悱⽿˫炷㟫⚺烉⽑冰悱℔㇨炻ijııı ⸜炸炻枩 Ķˤ侴⛐ ijıIJĵ ⸜䇰˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱 悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫ᷳ悱攟㜿ᾉ佑柴⸷Ṏ⻟婧烉ˬޔډচՐ҇Ьᡏ܄ᄆᡉϐࡕǴ߈ΒΜԃٰωԖၨӭ௼Γୖᆶᐕўޑ ਜቪǴǾǾҁໂ 3111 ԃрހޑಃ΋ҁȠൺᑫໂדȡǴёᒏ໒ബڂጄǴமፓচՐ҇ਜቪޑЬᡏ܄Ǵջ٬྽ਔ٠ คҁໂ௼ΓୖᆶኗዺǴՠၗ਑ගٮǵαॊೖፋᆶϣ৒ቩࢗǴ೽ပષԴୖᆶޣ౲ǴёᆀࢂߥӸᆶ૶ᒵၸѐҁໂ ᐕўޑख़ाЎ᝘˭ˤ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炷㟫⚺烉⽑冰悱℔㇨炻ijıIJĵ ⸜炸炻枩 ĺˤ ĴĹˢ⽑冰悱⽿䶐廗⥼⒉㚫炻˪⽑冰悱⽿˫炻枩 ĹĺĮĺĴˤ⎴䭯䫔Ḵ䪈䫔Ḽ䭨˨㻊Ṣ⮵㛔悱䘬攳㉻˩ᷕ⯭䃞㊯↢炻㘂㶭

㻊Ṣˬᷣ天⣂⛐䔒䓴䄖儎炻⎗や䘬㗗⍇ỷ㮹㚫槟㒦炻⮵㻊Ṣ侴妨㗗ᶨ䧖ˮ䔒⭛˯炻㓭ᶵᷭ㻊Ṣḇ㡬侽侴⍣炻 㛔悱䘬攳⡦⍰⚆⇘⍇ỷ㮹䘬幓ᶲ˭炷枩 ĺĵ炸ˤ媠⤪㬌栆䘬㔀徘炻䨞䪇伖䔞⛘⍇ỷ㮹䘬ˬᷣ橼⿏˭ỽ⛐烎

(15)

㛇䘬㬏夾⿏⫿䛤䚜㍍⮓ℍℏ㔯ᷳᷕ炻仢᷷䩳⟜廱㎃䘬⍵䚩⿏⿅䵕ẍ⍲㛔㕤㕷 佌奺⹎䘬ᷣ橼⿏⿅侫炻ẍ军㕤ᷣ⭊橼㶟㵮侴ᶵ⮇炻ᷣ橼Ụ᷶廱嬲䁢⢾Ἦ㬾㮹 䴙㱣侭炻侴ᶵ㗗㲘晭㕷Ṣ炻⍇ỷ㮹⍵ᾺㆸḮ塓㊃㑓䘬⮵尉ㆾ㗗塓⼩妶䘬⭊

橼ˤ⍰⤪˨䣦㚫䭯˩䫔Ḵ䪈㧁柴ˬ⣏ⴁⲩ䔒ᷳ䣦㚫䳬䷼˭炻℞⎬䭨ℏ⭡⸦᷶

䚜㍍多⍾㖍㛔䴙㱣㗪㛇䘬婧㞍⟙⏲ˤĴĺ

ẍᶲ䧖䧖冱ἳ炻䘮㚱忽側℞䥱㊩⍇ỷ㮹ᷣ橼䩳⟜䘬婒㱽ˤ㍮℞䶋䓙炻ᷣ

天㗗⚈䁢䶐个侭䚜㍍⺽䓐ˣ㈬抬㶭ẋ军㇘⼴㗪㛇⭀㚠㨼㟰ㆾ㗗˪哫㕷婧㞍⟙

⏲㚠˫ᷳ栆䘬⍇ỷ㮹婧㞍屯㕁冯䞼䨞⮰㚠炻暋ẍ冒奢⿏⛘嶛僓忁ṃ䲨抬ᷕ㇨

㳩曚䘬⭀㕡シ嬀冯㬾㮹⽫ン炻ᶼ㛒傥⥍≈㈡⇌⿏䘬−塩㇨农ˤ

军㕤娚⽿㚠ᷕ㴱⍲⣏尡䣦佌䘬姀庱炻ṵ⣂圵ℍ⣏ⴁⲩ佌䘬䲣䴙ˤ⤪˨⺢

伖䭯˩䫔Ḵ䪈䫔Ḵ䭨⺽㒂㖍㛔⬠侭㢖ᶹᷳ≑炷IJĹĸĸĮIJĺijķ炸䘬婧㞍䞼䨞炻㔀徘

⣏ⴁⲩ佌炷⇵Ⱉ佌炸⎬悐句ᷳᷕ炻ˬדᝩᆶ၃ਟٿޗচۚϞᆵчΟ৙ნϣǴ ӢВΓΕߟǴדᝩޗܭӀᆣ 31 ԃ炷㖶㱣 38 ⸜炻1905 ⸜炸炻җεଃޗᎂٰ

ҁໂࡌޗǴԛԃ၃ਟޗᎂܭف݈ξޗчǴќҥ΋ޗǴ٩ฅћ၃ਟ˭ˤ40⎴䭯 䫔ᶱ䪈㔀徘曆暚㛹⽿两䣦炻ˬচࣁΟ৙ᙼϐεଃޗۚ҇Ǵ҇୯ 6 ԃ炷⣏㬋 6

⸜炸೏В᝾០ΕҁໂǴ7 ԃ炷⣏㬋 7 ⸜炸ᖄӝځд೽ပᆶВΓᐟᏯܭܾᓐξǴ όእԶᎂ౜֟˭炷㊱烉℞⸜ẋ䲨抬㚱婌炸烊㕤㽌ṩ㛹ᶲˣᶳ㹒⎋冢ᷳℏ㔯㍸⇘烉 ˬԿ҇୯ 16 ԃ炷㗕␴ 2 ⸜炸7 ДǴדᝩޗӧВ᝾Ӽ࿼ΠǴҗᓐҞߓझ׆٥ ЍȐAbao-Siatȑ౗౲Ӆ 30 Њ 121 ΓǴᎂܭྛαᆵΠБѠӦ˭ˤĵIJ⛐˨㓧ḳ 䭯˩䫔ᶨ䪈㔀徘⣏ⴁⲩ佌炻㚨䚃㗪䚌㒂⽑冰悱⠫Ⱉ⋨᷎⎹⊿䦣⯭⣏㹒ˣᶱⲥ ℑ捖炻ˬځՐ୔ՋଆεྛᙼᜢߐǴчݮεهࣽξǵҡᓫǵ֞ξǵқҡξǵқ ҡ᎟ξǵεଃǵᚊቧξǵᅜޜξǵуΐቧ฻ࣁნࣚǴϣࡌԖཥڴڳǵᙑ࢔ڳǵ ߓ҆ڳǵΖ่ǵНࢬܿǵϖቧǵεଃፏޗ˭ˤĵij⛐˨䣦㚫䭯˩䫔Ḵ䪈䫔Ḽ䭨

Ĵĺˢ⽑冰悱⽿䶐廗⥼⒉㚫炻˪⽑冰悱⽿˫炻枩 IJĺĸĮijıĵˤ ĵıˢ⽑冰悱⽿䶐廗⥼⒉㚫炻˪⽑冰悱⽿˫炻枩 Ĺijˤ

ĵIJˢ⽑冰悱⽿䶐廗⥼⒉㚫炻˪⽑冰悱⽿˫炻枩 IJııˣIJıijĮIJıĴˤ ĵijˢ⽑冰悱⽿䶐廗⥼⒉㚫炻˪⽑冰悱⽿˫炻枩 IJIJĹˤ

(16)

䷥婒 ŲŶŵŶŹġűũŢţŢů 㓣⬰⎴䚇ㆾ䔒䣦倗⎰炻⺽㒂㖍㱣㗪㛇䘬婧㞍⟙⏲㊯↢炻ˬՏ ܭε≝য়ྛӦୱޑੀ໡௼ᄬԋ mstunuxȐε≝য়พȑ΋ဂǴӧځ΢ෞ gogan ЍࢬϐӦୱᄬԋ mkgogan ΋ဂǴmrqwang ЍࢬϐӦୱᄬԋࡕξ mrqwang ΋ ဂǶΞӧΟف෢ЍࢬϐӦୱමᄬԋ mng’ciqȐεଃพȑ΋ဂǴՠࢂς๊ྐ˭ˤĵĴ

⣏尡䣦佌⚢䃞㛒塓㹭䳽炻忁㭝㔀徘⌣⽆“朊⍵㗈↢炻䁢ỽ娚䣦佌䴻ⷠ塓夾䁢

⣏ⴁⲩ佌䘬ᶨ㓗侴ㆸ䁢晙⼊㕷佌ˣ䓂军塓夾侴ᶵ夳䘬⍇⚈㇨⛐ˤ

ℵ侭炻娚⽿㚠˨Ṣ䈑䭯炽㓧ḳ˩㇨↿㶭⬋军㖍㱣⇅㛇⣏尡䣦柕䚖冯⣏ⴁ ⲩ⇵Ⱉ䔒䷥柕䚖䒎㖎炽䆖Ὣ炷IJĹķIJĮIJĺIJIJ炸䘬⁛姀炻㤪天⛘㍷徘℞䌯柀㕷Ṣ

㉝㈿㖍幵侴䆮䘤ˬ⣏尡䣦ḳẞ˭ˣˬ䔒⋒ḳẞ˭炻ẍ⍲℞⼴塓従怟⯭⽿两䫱

⛘炻᷎⮯℞⫸㦪ᾉ炽䒎㖎炷㜿䐆㖴炸Ṍ冯㖍㕡⃭䔞Ṣ岒䘬䴻忶ˤĵĵ⛐˨Ṣ䈑 䭯炽㓧ḳ˩㇨↿㜿䐆㖴䘬⁛姀炻姀庱幓䁢⣏尡䣦⼴塼䘬Ṿ㕤⃭䔞Ṣ岒ᷳ⼴炻 映临㍍⍿㖍㛔慓⬠㔁做ˣ彼悱埴慓ˣ↢ả⭀借᷎徸㻠ㆸ䁢⊿冢⍇ỷ㮹⛘⋨䘬 柀⮶Ṣ䈑炻ẍ⍲⛐㇘⼴ IJĺĶı ⸜ẋ䘥刚⿸⾾㛇攻忯暋䘬䓇␥䴻㬟ˤĵĶ侴⛐˨Ṣ 䈑䭯炽慓㽌˩㇨↿檀┇枮炷IJĺııĮIJĺķı炸炻Ὢ冯㜿䐆㖴⎴䁢冢䀋䷥䜋⹄慓⬠㟉 䔊㤕炻侴⼴彼悱㑼ả℔慓᷎㕤㇘⼴↢ả䫔ᶨ⯮奺㜧悱⭀㳦悱攟䘬⎎ᶨỵ⣏尡 䣦卩劙ˤĵķẍᶲᶱ䭯㖶䣢䁢⣏尡䣦㕷Ṣ䘬⁛姀炻⮎䁢 ijı ᶾ䲨㟫⚺⛘⋨⎬䳂㕡

⽿ᷕ椾夳ḇ㗗⡻庠䘬娚䣦佌Ṣ䈑⮰⁛炻Ụ᷶ḇ德曚↢ᶨ䧖㒢僓⣏ⴁⲩ佌䘬䰈 休侴ℵ䎦炷ųŦűųŦŴŦůŵ炸ᷣ橼⿏䘬㚁⃱ˤ

ḳ⮎ᶲ炻IJĺĹı ⸜ẋ⼴㛇ẍἮ冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㕷䘬㈿䇕忳≽炻⶚徸㻠⮯㦪ᾉ炽 䒎㖎䫱⣏尡㕷Ṣ㕤 IJĺĵı ⸜ẋᷕ⼴㛇䘬⽑㬠婳栀忳≽炻⭂ỵ䁢冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㕷 怬ㆹ⛇⛘䘬⃰槭ˤĵĸ侴⛐ IJĺĶı ⸜ẋ䘥刚⿸⾾㛇攻炻㦪ᾉ炽䒎㖎怕⍿㉡湹ẍ军 㕤幓ṉ䘬㓧㱣従⭛㟰ẞ炻㕤 ijııĵ ⸜㬋⺷䌚⼿ᷕ厗㮹⚳㓧⹄䴎Ḱ⚆⽑⎵嬥䘬

ĵĴˢ⽑冰悱⽿䶐廗⥼⒉㚫炻˪⽑冰悱⽿˫炻枩 ijıijˤ ĵĵˢ⽑冰悱⽿䶐廗⥼⒉㚫炻˪⽑冰悱⽿˫炻枩 ĵĴĹˤ ĵĶˢ⽑冰悱⽿䶐廗⥼⒉㚫炻˪⽑冰悱⽿˫炻枩 ĵĵıˤ ĵķˢ⽑冰悱⽿䶐廗⥼⒉㚫炻˪⽑冰悱⽿˫炻枩 ĵĵĹˤ

ĵĸˢ䓘⒚䙲炻˪冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹䣦㚫忳≽˫炷冢⊿烉冢䀋㚠㇧↢䇰℔⎠炻ijıIJı ⸜炸炻枩 IJıĵĮIJĵijˤ

(17)

⸛⍵炻ḇ嬻忶⼨䘬䤩⽴ᶵℵ㗗䤩⽴炻䓂ᶼ≈㶙Ḯ℞⛐⍇ỷ㮹㕷⯽攳ˬ怬ㆹ⛇

⛘˭忳≽忶䦳ᷕ䘬㬱暋侭⼊尉炻⌂⼿Ḯ㚜⣂⍇忳Ṣ⢓䘬⎴ね冯娵⎴烊㦪ᾉ炽 䒎㖎䘬⸛䓇怕忯␴⣏尡㕷Ṣ䔞⇅䘬㈿㖍埴䁢⍲℞⼴⽑㬠ᶱⲥ㓭⛇䘬姜㯪炻徸 㻠⛘㴖↢㓧㱣䣦㚫忳≽䘬㩗朊炻⛐Ḵ⋩ᶨ䲨ᶾ⇅ㆸ䁢⎬㕡䞂䚖䘬䃎溆炻䃉䔹 ḇ⻟⊾Ḯ娚䣦佌㛔幓⛐㲘晭㕷䲣䴙ᷕ䘬䚠⮵䌐䈡⿏炻忚侴㍸⋯℞䚠斄䘬㬟⎚

ḳ帇⛐㕡⽿㚠⮓ᷕ䘬㕷佌傥夳⹎ˤ

⛐ ijıIJı ⸜↢䇰䓙䌬⤀⣏⬠岜㽌㵝㔁㌰䷥䶐个䘬˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿˫炻昌 Ḯ㕤˪Ṣ䈑⽿˫㓞ℍ⣏尡䣦䒎㖎炽䆖Ὣ炷㈿㖍⃰岊炸ˣ㦪ᾉ炽䒎㖎炷⭎䷦炼 㓧ḳ炸ˣ檀┇枮炷慓⬠炸䘬⮰⁛炻⯌℞㗗㦪ᾉ炽䒎㖎䘬⁛姀㑩㚱㚜䁢寸⭴䘬 ℏ⭡炻ĵĹẍ⍲⛐⣏ⴁⲩ佌㲘晭㕷劙晬㬎⣏≈㉱ᾅ炷攳斊炸ˣ㲘⡐㬎⢷⇑炷㈿

㖍⃰岊炸ˣỽ㉱㋒⸚炷㈿㖍⃰岊炸䘬⮰⁛ᷕ䈥㴱⇘⣏尡䣦ḳ帇ᷳ⢾炻ĵĺㆾ姙 㗗⍿旸㕤䷋⽿㛔幓䘬䶐个㟤⯨炻ℐ㚠䚜㊯⣏尡䣦佌㬟⎚ḳ帇䘬ℏ⭡ᶵ⣂炻䲬

㕤˪⽿椾炷ᶲ䭯炸˫䫔ᶨ䪈˨㬟⎚㱧朑˩䫔ᶨ䭨⺽㒂㲘晭㕷⬠侭⹾⬰冋˪㲘 晭㕷䘬㔯⊾烉悐句怟⽁冯㉻⯽˫ᶨ㚠炻㊯↢⣏ⴁⲩ佌ᷣ天⽆⍇⯭⛘⊿㷗㹒ᶲ 㷠徸㻠⎹⊿䦣⯭⽑冰悱Ⱉ⋨ẍ⍲⣏ⴁⲩ炷⣏㹒炸ˣᶱ奺㸏炷ᶱⲥ炸䫱⛘炻ˬځ ጄൎՋଆϞεྛᙼޑᜢߐǴчԿεه࢒ξǵҡᓫǵ֞ξǵқҡξǵқҡ᎟ξǵ εଃǵᚊቧξǵᅜޜξǵуΐቧ฻ӦǴԶӧᎂ౽ၸำύΨӃࡕࡌҥཥڴڳǵ ᙑڴڳǵߓ҆ڳǵΖ่ǵНࢬܿǵϖቧǵεଃ฻ޗǶ˭Ķı

栆Ụ䘬㔀徘炻ḇ↢䎦㕤˪攳斊⽿˫䫔Ḵ䪈˨⍇ỷ㮹ᷳ䓇ン冯怟䦣˩䫔⚃

䭨䫔Ḵ㭝斄㕤㟫⚺⛘⋨㲘晭㕷䘬怟⽁ˤĶIJℵ侭炻⎴䪈䭨䫔ᶱ㭝㇨↿堐 ijĮĵĮIJ 斄 㕤㶭柀㘂㛇∱所⁛㕤㟫⚺⛘⋨ˬ攳Ⱉ㑓䔒˭䘬㇘䇕䴙妰炻℞ᷕ⊭㊔ IJĹĹĸ ⸜

ĵĹˢ岜㽌㵝䷥䶐个炻嫅刦㻼ˣ∱㖶ㅚ䶐个炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿炽Ṣ䈑⽿˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㓧⹄炻ijıIJı ⸜炸炻枩 ijķĮ ijĸˣķĺĮĸIJˣijijĹˤ斄㕤㦪ᾉ炽䒎㖎䘬䈡㬲ḳ帇炻⯌℞㗗幓星䘥刚⿸⾾㟰ẞ侴ㆸ䁢⚳⭞㙜≃ᶳᷳ䉏䈚侭䘬㔀徘炻

⎎⎗夳㕤岜㽌㵝䷥䶐个炻∱㖶ㅚ䶐个炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿炽岠抬⽿˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㓧⹄炻ijıIJı ⸜炸炻枩 ķĺˣ IJķijĮIJķĴˤ

ĵĺˢ岜㽌㵝䷥䶐个炻嫅刦㻼ˣ∱㖶ㅚ䶐个炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿炽Ṣ䈑⽿˫炻枩 ijˣijĸĮijĺˤ

Ķıˢ岜㽌㵝䷥䶐个炻惕㓧婈䶐个炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⽿椾炷ᶲ䭯炸˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㓧⹄炻ijıIJı ⸜炸炻枩 Ĵˤ ĶIJˢ岜㽌㵝䷥䶐个炻昛䩳㔯䶐个炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿炽攳斊⽿˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㓧⹄炻ijıIJı ⸜炸炻枩 ĸijˤ

(18)

炷⃱䵺 IJĴ ⸜炸⇅䓙㜿䵕㸸ˣ惕㚱⊌ˣ㛶⭂㖶䫱ⷞ昲㓣ㇻ⣏❣炷曠炸ᶫ䣦ˤ

⎴䪈䭨䫔⚃㭝ᷕ㍸⇘㖍㱣⇅㛇冢䀋䷥䜋⹄䁢Ḯ捖⡻⣏ⴁⲩ⛘⋨㲘晭㕷Ṣ炻冒 IJĺıı 军 IJĺIJı ⸜攻䘤≽⣂㫉㇘䇕炻忈ㆸ⠫ℏ㲘晭㕷Ṣˬ೏ॐଏрΟ৙ǵεྛ

Ӧ୔ǴᙯΕדᝩǵف݈ξǵਜ਼ٰᆶᗪ໦฻ӚޗϩණۚՐ˭烊⎎㕤㇨↿堐 ijĮĵĮij 㖍㱣㗪㛇㟫⚺⛘⋨晀≯䶂㒜⻝䉨㱩炻℞ᷕ⊭㊔ IJĺıķ ⸜ ĺ 军 IJIJ 㚰㖍㱣䔞⯨㒜

⻝⣏尡䣦晀≯䶂䘬⮵尉䁢⣏ⴁⲩ佌炻侴 IJĺıĸ ⸜ Ķ 军 Ĺ 㚰㖍㕡㒜⻝㍺⣑Ⱉ晀

≯䶂䘬⮵尉炻㚜暋⼿↢䎦⣏ⴁⲩ佌ˣ⣏尡䣦佌᷎↿䘬䲨抬ˤĶij⎴㚠䫔Ḽ䪈˨⛘

⎵㱧朑˩䫔ᶱ䭨姀庱⽑冰悱⊿⠫ᷳ⽿两炻ˬԜӦচՐ҇ҁࢂᆵчᑜΟ৙ᙼε

ଃޗۚ҇˭烊⎎㊯↢ỵ㕤曆暚㛹ᷳἛ⽿炻ˬচ֟ӧדᝩǴѦ౽ԿԜǴӢԖᓬ ᗪ໦۳εଃȐකفȑϐౢ཰ၰၡ࿶ၸǴჹѦҬ೯ၨࣁБߡǶ˭ĶĴ

⛐˪ỷ㮹⽿˫䫔ᶱ䪈䫔ᶨ䭨˨⍇ỷ㮹倂句˩ᷕ斄㕤ˬ⣏ⴁⲩ佌⎬䣦˭

䘬悐↮⺽㒂⇵Ṣ婾叿炻姣䧙 ŔŪųŰů炷娑㚿炸䣦ᶳ ňŢŨŢ炷䌝⛀炸ᷳˬŃŪůũŦŬŶġ ŏŢŬŶŪ ΋௼চࣁεଃޗ౽ՐܭԜ˭炻婒㖶 ŔŪŬŬŦ炷⽿两炸䣦炷⍇Ἦ䘬⣏尡䣦炸

⍇Ὢˬỵ㕤ᶱ奺㸏㹒炷ᶱⲥ㹒炸㓗㳩Ḽ⮖㹒ᶲ㷠ˤ㬌䣦冯ᶨ悐↮ ŔŪųŰů炷娑 㚿炸䣦䁢⍇⣏尡䣦䘬㭀⬀ˤ⣏尡䣦堘ṉ⼴炻ℙ⎴怟䣦㕤㬌˭炻⎎昛徘㱧⣏㻊 㹒㳩➇⎹⊿㉻⯽䘬㲘晭㕷楔䩳⶜䲣䴙炻ˬຫف݈ξ຾ΕΟ৙ǴࡌҥεଃޗǴ Կ 2:16 ԃВैװѺਔω೏ॐᎂԿדᝩǶ˭Ķĵ⎴㚠䫔⚃䪈˨㕷佌˩ᷕ斄㕤䷋⠫

㲘晭㕷⍇ỷ㮹炻Ṏ㊯↢⣏ⴁⲩ⇵Ⱉ佌㚨䚃㗪⯭ỷ㕤⽑冰悱Ⱉ⋨ẍ⍲⣏㹒ˣᶱ ⲥℑ⋨➇炻℞㳣≽⠫䓴大崟⣏㹒捖䘬斄攨⎹⊿⺞Ỡ军䘥䞛Ⱉˣ䘥䞛朵Ⱉˣ⣏

尡ˣ暆⮖Ⱉˣ䄲䨢Ⱉˣ≈ḅ⮖䫱⛘炻⺢㚱㕘㝹✒ˣ冲㝹✒ˣ旧㭵✒ˣℓ䳸ˣ 㯜㳩㜙ˣḼ⮖ˣ⣏尡媠䣦ˤĶĶ➢㛔ᶲ炻⽆㲘晭㕷佌怟⽁⇘⎬ᾳ⢾Ἦ㓧㪲ˬ䎮䔒˭

ḳ⊁䘬㔀徘炻⣂㗗⮯⣏尡䣦佌伖㕤⣏ⴁⲩ佌炷⇵Ⱉ佌炸䘬䲣䴙Ἦ䚳ˤ⎎⢾炻

⛐˪埴㓧⽿˫䫔ᶫ䪈˨⍇ỷ㮹埴㓧˩⺞临忶⼨斄㕤岥侫↿⃳䲣䴙ᷳ⣏尡佌ˣ

Ķijˢ岜㽌㵝䷥䶐个炻昛䩳㔯䶐个炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿炽攳斊⽿˫炻枩 ĸĶˣĸĹˣĹIJˤ ĶĴˢ岜㽌㵝䷥䶐个炻昛䩳㔯䶐个炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿炽攳斊⽿˫炻枩 Ĵijķˤ

Ķĵˢ岜㽌㵝䷥䶐个炻⯂ᶾ㖴䶐个炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿炽ỷ㮹⽿˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㓧⹄炻ijıIJı ⸜炸炻枩 ijĴĹˣijĵijˤ ĶĶˢ岜㽌㵝䷥䶐个炻⯂ᶾ㖴䶐个炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿炽ỷ㮹⽿˫炻枩 Ĵıķˤ

(19)

⣏ⴁⲩ佌ˣ楔㬎䜋佌䘬婒㱽炻᷎㟡㒂㬟⎚⬠侭‭䏒履炷⌛喌ḽ⽿㳍㝅炸䘬䞼 䨞炻㕤㶭⬋㲘晭㕷Ṣ冯㶭幵䘬ˬ攳Ⱉ㑓䔒˭㇘䇕ᷕ↿↢ IJĹĹĸ ⸜ Ĺ 㚰军 IJı 㚰 䘬ˬ⣏尡ᷳ㇘˭炻溆↢⣏尡䣦⽆ˬ㬠枮˭⇘ˬ側䲬⎃Ḫ˭䘬㬟䦳ˤĶķ

㔜橼侴妨炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿˫晾䃞叿⡐㕤⣏尡䣦佌䘬䭯ⷭ㚱旸炻Ữℐ㚠

≃㯪⽆㕷佌ᷣ橼䘬䩳⟜Ἦ抒昛㟫⚺⠫➇⍇ỷ㮹㕷⎚ḳ䘬シ⾝炻⤪℞˨↉ἳ炽 㲐シḳ枭˩䫔ᶫ㡅ᷕ倚㖶烉ˬჹচՐ҇ǵ࠼ৎǵѦᝤଛଽ฻௼ဂǴҭᔈᗉխ аᅇΓࣁύЈޑཀ᛽ࠠᄊਜቪ˭炻Ķĸ橼䎦↢ᶨ䧖㚱⇍㕤⃰⇵㟫⚺䷋䳂⛘㕡⽿

㚠䘬ⶖ䔘⿏ˤĶĹ

ᶵ婾㗗㲘晭㕷ˣ⣏ⴁⲩ佌炷⇵Ⱉˣ⼴Ⱉ炸ㆾ㗗⣏尡䣦佌ᷳˬᷣ橼⿏˭䘬

⼘栗炻ẍ⍲⍇ỷ㮹⎚奨䘬⺢㥳炻⛐ ijıIJı 军 ijıIJĵ ⸜䓙⚳䩳㓧㱣⣏⬠‭䏒履㔁

㌰柀⮶䘬䶐个⛀昲㇨⬴ㆸ䘬˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫ᶨ㚠炻䌚⼿Ḯ庫䁢䲣 䴙⿏䘬句⮎ˤ娚⽿㚠˨䵺婾˩ᷕ⌛㖶䘥⛘溆↢烉

ߖԑپਢф௰ᅋȂন՞ҕкᡝཎᜋܷᓞȂন໐ন՞ҕఊੈੈ

ࣾఖоਪቸᐣѬޟПԒȂ߳੼༈ಛМϽޟቋ঄ȂࣥՍܻߒႀюՌ רၛភ੎໯ఊҕఊᐣѬޟ஼੨ཎ᜹Ȅҕ୽ :: ԑ 7 ТȂඈᑹ໐ؚۡ

ቨওጡእȮඈᑹ໐סȯȂୈ؁၏ᄂޟቨ၄ȃওॏȂၿҳړԙ࣏Ꮧ ᆹ੎໯ఊΡ༈ಛМϽȃޣᜋᖂ༘ޟӒ໐ҕၼଢ଼ȄĶĺ

䥱㊩⤪㕗䘬个ᾖ㖐嵋炻娚⽿㚠˨↉ἳ˩䫔ᶱ㡅⻟婧烉ˬ㛔悱⽿ẍ㕷佌⸛

䫱䘬䩳⟜␴ℐ悱㔜橼䘬奨溆䩳婾炻⾈⮎⭊奨⛘㔀徘㛔悱⛐㬟⎚傰䴉ᶳ䘤⯽˭烊

Ķķˢ岜㽌㵝䷥䶐个炻㜿㽌䓘䶐个炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿炽埴㓧⽿˫炷㟫⚺烉㟫⚺䷋㓧⹄炻ijıIJı ⸜炸炻枩 ĴķıˣĴĸijĮ Ĵĸĵˤ

Ķĸˢ岜㽌㵝䷥䶐个炻惕㓧婈䶐个炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿炽⽿椾炷ᶳ䭯炸˫炻枩 IJĵĺˤ

ĶĹˢ䷙ἧ⤪㬌炻ẍ㻊Ṣ䁢ᷕ⽫䘬攳䘤⎚奨炻ḇ„侴晙䎦㕤娚⽿㚠㝸ṃℏ㔯㭝句ᷕˤἳ⤪炻˨攳斊⽿˩䫔⚃䪈ᷕ㔀 徘⽑冰悱䘬攳斊䴻忶ḹ烉ˬൺᑫໂޑੀ໡௼ٰԾᆵύǵࠄ׫Ǵவ߻ϩѲчϷεྛǵΟ৙΋஥Ǵమ҃ਔයଏᕭ ΕൺᑫໂǶǾǾ߻ξௗ߈ѳӦǴҬ೯ၨБߡǴᆶѳӦ۳ٰӭǴচՐ҇ςѳӦϯǴ౽ΕѳӦΓҭӭǶ߻ξςᏜ હӦၨӭǴΓαၨ࿨Ǵࢂൺᑫໂϐᆒ๮୔ǶࡕξѳӦϿǵҬ೯όߡǴғౢၨပࡕǴғࢲӭ֚धǴࡺΓαีϿǶȩ Զ྽ 2:77 ԃчᐉϦၡᑐԋϐࡕǴȨ٬ൺᑫໂჹѦҬ೯Ⴅ׎ׯ๓ǴࡕξԮЕǵ३⏯ǵН݀ϐрౢǴ٬ϐ൤ျک

౜жϯόΠܭ߻ξӦ஥Ƕ˭岜㽌㵝䷥䶐个炻昛䩳㔯䶐个炻˪㕘ᾖ㟫⚺䷋⽿炽攳斊⽿˫炻枩 IJĺĴˤ Ķĺˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 Ĵıˤ

(20)

䫔ᶫ㡅㚜㊯昛烉

Ԥᜰҏ໐੎໯ఊȂܽᆎȶฬΡȷȃȶᒁΡȷȃȶଽँఊȷȃȶό फȷ้ȂӵཱིסϛΙࡡ׽Ңȶ੎໯ఊȷȃȶন՞ҕȷᆎᒝȂѪܽ

ᆎȶฬӴȷȃȶᒁӴȷ้ȂζΙࡡ׽оȶ༈ಛሴ୿ȷᆎϞȄķı

㬌㡅ℏ⭡ḇ␤ㅱḮ娚⽿㚠˨䵺婾˩憅⮵㕘冲䇰悱⽿⛐䓐娆䘬ἧ䓐ᶲ炻⮯

⣏ⴁⲩ炷䔒炸哫㕤㕘⽿ᷕ婧㔜䁢⣏ⴁⲩ佌ˣ䔒Ṣ炷哫Ṣ炸婧㔜䁢㲘晭㕷炷Ṣ炸ˣ 䔒⛘炷哫⛘炸婧㔜䁢⁛䴙柀➇ẍ⍲⣏㻊㹒婧㔜䁢⣏ⴁⲩ㹒䫱婒㖶ˤķIJ⇵徘䓐 娆䘬㓡嬲炻ḇ⍵㗈㚠⮓侭㚱シ嬀⛘廱⎹ẍ⍇ỷ㮹䁢ᷣ橼䘬䩳⟜ˤ

䵲㍍叿˨↉ἳ˩ᷳ⼴䘬⣏ḳ姀炻娎⚾ẍ㲘晭㕷Ṣ䘬奺⹎炻⮯⽑冰悱炾㲘 晭㕷⣏ḳ姀伖㕤ᶾ䓴⍇ỷ㮹㕷⣏ḳ姀ˣ冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㕷⣏ḳ姀䘬㬟⎚㝞㥳ᷕ≈

ẍ⮵䄏ˤķij⛐䫔ᶨ䭯˨冒䃞䑘⠫䭯˩炻⮯⠫ℏⰙ傰ˣ㹒㳩␴≽㢵䈑䓇ン⎬㧁 ẍ㲘晭㕷婆䧙␤炻⽆␥⎵㪲䘬ἧ䓐炻Ἦ⼘栗⁛䴙䓇㳣柀➇䘬䭬⚵冯⍇ỷ㮹䘬 䨢攻娵⎴ˤķĴ䫔Ḵ䭯˨Ṣ㔯⛘䎮䭯˩䫔ᶨ䪈˨⽑冰悱㲘晭㕷䘬怟⽁⁛婒˩椾 㭝㊯↢炻Ἦ冒⋿㈽䐆ⱑ őŪůŴţŬŢů 䘬㲘晭㕷䲣 ŔŲŶŭŪŲ Ṣ炻䲬㕤Ḵˣᶱ䘦⸜⇵䓙 柀堾 ŃŶŵŢ ⷞ柀㕷Ṣ⊿怟军⣏ⴁⲩ㹒ᷕᶲ㷠⋨➇炻⛐㖍㱣⇅㛇塓⬠䓴⋨↮䁢 ňŰŨŢů炷⼴Ⱉ佌炸ˣŎŴţŵŶůŶŹ炷⇵Ⱉ佌炸冯ᶱⲥ⣏尡䣦 ŎůŤźŢŲ炻⎬冒䓊䓇Ḯ ẍ悐句␴㳩➇䫱嶐悐句䘬⛐⛘娵⎴烊⎴䪈䫔Ḵ䭨婒㖶⣏尡佌冯⣏ⴁⲩ佌⼴Ἦ 䘬䘤⯽斄Ὢḹ烉ˬҁໂεଃဂܭՋϡ 1906 ԃȐܴݯ 39 ԃȑᆶВै᝾วғݓ

းፂँࡕǴ౽Կܿ౳ξ΋஥ǴՋϡ 1925 ԃȐε҅ 14 ԃȑ౽ۚډΠྛαᆵǴ ᑼӝԋ Sbtunux ဂޑ΋ҽη˭ˤ⼴㔯᷎旬ᶲ⣏尡䣦⼴塼㜿㗕㖶炷㜿䐆㖴Ἤ⃺炸

⎋徘⣏尡䣦㕷Ṣ㬟⎚ᶲ䘬怟䦣嶗䶂␴忚ℍ㹒⎋冢䘬忶䦳炻枿ⷞ㚱ṃ嬻ˬᷣ橼 䘤倚˭䘬シ␛ˤķĵ⎴䭯䫔Ḵ䪈˨⣏ⴁⲩ㹒㳩➇䘬㕷佌斄Ὢ˩䫔Ḵ䭨斄㕤㕷⢾

ķıˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 IJĹˤ ķIJˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 ĴĴĮĴĵˤ ķijˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 ijıĮijĺˤ ķĴˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 ĴĶˣĵijĮĹIJˤ ķĵˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 ĺĶˣĺĺˣIJıijĮIJıĴˤ

(21)

斄Ὢ䘬昛徘炻Ṏ⽝⺽㜿㗕㖶⎋徘㶭ẋ⣏尡㕷Ṣ炻ˬݮΟ৙ྛȐϞឦཥчѱΟ

৙୔ȑډӼ֞ߕ߈ǴԖ΋ೀᆶᅇΓҬඤނࠔޑӦБǴੀ໡௼Γᆀ Ngasan na yayaȐ༰༰ޑৎȑ˭ˤķĶ栆Ụ䘬䲨抬炻䘮䁢⃰⇵㟫⚺⠫➇⎬䳂㕡⽿㇨㛒㚱ˤ 侴⛐⎴䭯䫔ᶱ䪈˨⽑冰悱悐句㱧朑˩ᷕᶱ㮹㛹㯜㳩㜙ˣ㽌ṩ㛹㹒⎋冢ˣ曆暚 㛹⽿两ˣἛ⽿䘬ℏ⭡炻斄㕤⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹䚠斄䘬悐句怟䦣␴䘤⯽妲〗炻Ṏ 㚱庫⇵⽿㚜䁢㶭㤂䘬婒㖶ˤķķ

⤪⯙⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹ἄ䁢ᷣ橼䘬奺⹎侴妨炻⣏㶭ⷅ⚳ḇ⤥炻㖍㛔ⷅ⚳ḇ 伟炻ᷕ厗㮹⚳ḇㆸ炻䴙䴙悥㗗⢾Ἦ䴙㱣侭ˤ娚⽿㚠䫔⚃䭯˨慵⣏㬟⎚䭯˩䫔 ᶨ䪈˨㶭∱所⁛冯⣏ⴁⲩ⋨➇䘬㲘晭㕷˩䫔ᶱ䭨ẍ⣏ⴁⲩ⋨➇䘬⍇ˣ㻊㇘⼡

䁢柴炻㚱シ嬀⛘䪁⛐⍇ỷ㮹㉝㈿㶭㛅⊊≃Ὕ䔍䘬ˬ㈿㶭˭䩳⟜炻㏺㡬忶⼨ˬ攳 Ⱉ㑓䔒˭ˣˬ㬠枮˭ᷳ栆䘬⭀㕡䓐婆␴⿅嶗炻㕤昛徘 IJĹĹĸ ⸜ Ĺ 㚰军 IJı 㚰⣏

尡䣦ᷳ⼡䘬⎚⮎ᷳ⼴㊯↢烉ˬ೭ࢂч೽ੀ໡௼Γ२ԛᎁၶډᎂޗ౽ՐޑٯηǶ

྽ਔЬаεଃΎޗࣁלమᏵᗺ˭ˤķĸᶵ⤪㬌炻℞⼴䫔Ḵ䪈㚜⮰↿˨⣏ⴁⲩ

⇵Ⱉ佌炾⣏尡佌㈿㖍ḳẞ˩炻⏰䎦 IJĹĺĶ ⸜ẍ⼴⣏ⴁⲩ⇵Ⱉ佌冯㖍㛔⭀㕡䫔 ᶨ㫉䘬㍍妠ˣIJĹĺĸ ⸜柕䚖 ŕŦŮŶġŔţźŢźŢŭ ⍫≈ˬ哫Ṣℏ⛘奨⃱˭ˣ⣏尡佌⮵㈿

㧇儎屯㸸㍈⤒ᷳ㇘ˣIJĺıĸ ⸜㜽柕Ⱉ㓣旚㇘␴㍺⣑Ⱉ㓣旚㇘ˣIJĺıĹ ⸜⼴⣏尡 佌冯⣏ⴁⲩ⇵Ⱉ佌䘬㉝㈿冯ˬ㬠枮˭ˣIJĺIJı ⸜ẋẍ⼴ι⬀䘬⣏尡㕷Ṣ圵ℍ⣏

ⴁⲩ⇵Ⱉ佌䘬䳸㝄᷎㕤 IJĺijĶ ⸜炷ℙ Ĺ 䣦 Ķij ㇞ ĴĺĹ Ṣ炸怟䦣军ᶳ㹒⎋冢䫱ᶨ 忋ᷚ㬟⎚ḳ帇炻忂䭯ẍ⣏ⴁⲩ㹒ᷕᶳ㷠㲘晭㕷䲣䴙⍇ỷ㮹⤪ỽ㉝䥎⢾ἮὝ䔍 侭䘬奺⹎忚埴⎚⮎䘬抒昛炻℞ᷕ妋婒 IJĺıķ ⸜ˬ೏Ѻ௳ޑεଃဂѨѐ઒ӃӦ Զ଒Կܿ౳ξ΋஥٫דǵᓬᗪ໦ǵדᝩ฻઒ӃӢጔӦǶவԜӧΟف෢ޑӦკ

΢ȬᑳӦȭ੃ѨǴεଃဂΨᑼӝԋȬε≝য়߻ξဂȭޑ΋ҽη˭炻ķĹ⮎䁢 ijı ᶾ䲨ẍἮ㟫⚺⛘⋨斄㕤⣏尡䣦佌䘬⎬䳂㕡⽿㚠⮓ᷕ炻⍾㛸㚨䁢寸⭴ˣℏ⭡㚨

ķĶˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 IJıĹˤ

ķķˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 IJIJIJˣIJIJĴĮIJIJĺˤ ķĸˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 ijĶıĮijĶIJˤ ķĹˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 ijĶĶĮijĸĺˤ

(22)

䁢娛⮎ᶼ㶙℟⍇ỷ㮹ᷣ橼シ嬀䘬个ᾖㆸ㝄ˤ

⎎⢾炻娚⽿㚠䫔Ḽ䭯˨㓧ḳ䭯˩䫔ᶨ䪈䫔ᶱ䭨斄㕤㇘⼴Ⱉ⛘埴㓧⇞

⹎䘬ℏ⭡炻䈡⇍堐⼘ˬҁໂୖᆶচՐ҇ၮ୏Ǵ२௢Ӄ᝺ޣ݅ྷܱȐLosing WatanȑǶ݅ྷܱȐLosing WatanȑӧᏯࡕకᙴவࡹǴ٠ӧ҇୯ 36 ԃȬΒΒΖ ٣ҹȭ߻δ஥ሦҁໂ௼Γч΢ᆵчӛՉࡹߏ۔ഋሺഋ௃ȬᗋךβӦȭǴࣁ௼

ΓݾڗВݯਔය೏՞ሦޑβӦǶ݅ྷܱȐLosing WatanȑჴࣁচՐ҇ၮ୏ύ

҇௼Ծ،ޑӃ០ޣǶ˭ķĺ⎴䭯䫔⚃䪈˨⛘㓧˩䫔ᶨ䭨斄㕤㖍㱣㗪㛇⮵㕤⍇ỷ 㮹⁛䴙柀➇䘬䭉䎮炻昛徘 IJĹĺĹ ⸜炷㖶㱣 ĴIJ ⸜炸冢䀋䷥䜋⹄姕伖ᶱ奺㸏彐⊁

会ẍˬ㌴䭉˭⣏ⴁⲩ佌␴⣏尡佌ℙ IJĵ 䣦炻᷎㕤⠫ℏ㧇儎攳㍉⋨ⶫ伖晀≯炻 ẍ㍐忚晀≯䶂䘬㕡⺷Ἦ䵕嬟⚳⭞⮰岋⇑㪲炻㬌冱⺽䘤 IJĺıı ⸜ ķ 㚰⣏ⴁⲩ佌ˣ

⣏尡佌ˣ楔㬎䜋佌ℙ⎴䳬䷼㓣⬰倗䚇 ŒŶŵŶŹġűŢũŢţŢů 䚠㈿炻ˬੀ໡௼Γࣁᆢ

ៈ໺಍ሦୱޑβӦᆶԾฅၗྍǴᆶൂБ࠹ᆀᏱԖޑ໺಍ሦୱ଄ౢ៾ޑࡹ۬ว ғै٣ፂँǴ৖౜চՐ҇Ь஭ሦୱЬ៾ᆶβӦϷԾฅၗྍճҔኳԄޑݾ᝼Ƕ

ࡹ۬܌ᒏޑᆅᗄǵᘜ໩Ǵᆶҁໂੀ໡௼Γ܌ᇡޕޑԾЬǵፋکǴԖܴᡉৡ ౦Ƕ˭ĸı媠⤪㬌栆䘬ℏ⭡炻⯽䎦ẍ⍇ỷ㮹ᷣ橼䩳⟜⍲℞⁛䴙₡ῤシ嬀䁢➢溆 䘬㔀ḳ⍾⎹炻㕤ℐ㚠⎬䭯䪈䘬ℏ⭡ᷕᶵ᷷℞ἳˤ

㚨⼴炻娚⽿㚠䫔⋩Ḵ䭯˨Ṣ䈑䭯˩妰䁢 ijIJ Ṣ䩳⁛炻℞ᷕ⣏尡㕷Ṣ⊭㊔

ˬ҉ᇻޑੀ໡҇௼म໢˭䒎㖎炽䆖Ὣ炷ŘŢŵŢůġŔźŢŵŶ炸ˣˬᗋךβӦᆶ҇௼Ծ

،ޑӃ០˭㜿䐆㖴炷ōŰŴŪůŨġŘŢŵŢů炻䒎㖎炽䆖Ὣ攟⫸炸ˣˬᝌ൙а౜жᙴೌ

ྣߝໂ଼҇ந˭䘬檀┇枮ˣˬ୲ۓό౽Ǵ҉όѺࠥޑ׸ߏ˭㜿⾈佑炷ŕŢůŨŢġ ŘŢŵŢů炻㜿䐆㖴⻇炸ˣˬٽηޑ᝴݀Ֆਔૈວӣৎǻ˭䘬䘥刚⿸⾾⍿暋侭檀

⌂忻炷ŔŪŭŢůġŎŢŴŪůŨ炸ˣˬ෠ੇᇻ༬ੀ໡௼ޑВҁ΋Ԛ޸˭㜿䌱厗炷㖍慶ͭͤ

Ά炻㜿䐆㖴⥣炸ˣˬڂࠠޑੀ໡تΓޑΓྷ˭㛶₨炷ōŰŴŶůŨġʼnŢźŶůŨ炸ˣˬ຾

ڗЎܴޑદय़ੀ໡Γྷ˭㜿䐆劙炷őŪŴŶźġŊųŢů炻㜿⾈佑⥣炸ℙ Ĺ Ṣ炻㍍役ℐ䭯

ķĺˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 Ĵijĺˤ㊱烉㜿䐆㖴䌯柀㕷Ṣ⎹ᷕ厗㮹⚳㓧⹄㍸↢⽑㬠㓭⛇䘬昛ね炻 ㅱ㗗⛐ IJĺĵĸ ⸜ḴḴℓḳẞᷳ⼴ˤ

ĸıˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 ĴķĴĮĴķĵˤ

(23)

Ṣ䈑䷥㔠⚃ㆸ㭼ἳ烊侴㜿䐆㖴⭞㕷ㆸ⒉⌛㚱 Ķ Ṣ炻⎗夳℞⛐⽑冰悱⠫䘬䞍⎵

⹎␴㬟⎚⛘ỵ䘬慵天⿏ˤĸIJ⛐忁ṃ⣏尡㕷Ṣ䘬⁛姀ᷕ炻⤪冯⃰⇵㟫⚺⠫➇⎬

䳂㕡⽿䚠㭼⮵炻昌Ḯ⁛ᷣ䓇⸛䴻㬟ℏ⭡㚜䁢娛〱ᶼ⺽㒂㚜䁢佼⮎ᷳ⢾炻⽆幓 䁢⍇ỷ㮹䘬䩳⟜㈡⇌䘥刚⿸⾾㛇攻㓧⹄䔞⯨䘬ᶵ䔞⮑⇌␴従⭛埴⼹炻忈ㆸ⣂

⎵⁛ᷣ䘬䓇␥劎暋冯⭞⹕ず∯炻Ṏ䁢娚⽿㚠䚠庫㕤⃰⇵㕡⽿㚠⮓䘬䈡䔘ᷳ

嗽ˤ

˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫䘬䷥䶐个‭䏒履㔁㌰炻䁢䔞⇵冢䀋⎚⬠䓴䞼 䨞㖍㛔䴙㱣㗪㛇冢䀋䷥䜋⹄䎮哫㓧䫾䘬叿⎵⬠侭ˤĸij‭㮷㕤⃰⇵䘤堐䘬˪⍇

ỷ㮹慵⣏㬟⎚ḳẞ烉⣏ⴁⲩḳẞ炷IJĹĹĶĮIJĺIJı炸˫炻⶚䃞妠⍲⋩ḅᶾ䲨⼴㛇

⣏尡䣦佌冯㶭㛅㓧⹄䘬暊⎰斄Ὢ炻ẍ⍲ ijı ᶾ䲨⇵㛇⛐㖍㛔䴙㱣侭䘬㬎≃忚 忤ᶳ炻⣏尡䣦佌䘬㈿㖍㳣≽⍲℞⼴Ἦ㑌暊ᶱⲥ⠫➇䦣⯭奺㜧Ⱉᶨⷞ䘬Ṣḳ㹬 㟹ˤĸĴ⼴Ἦ㚜㑘徘˨⊿㲘晭⣏尡佌炷ůŤŢŲ炸⎚ȹȹ㴰⣙䘬⣏尡佌炻⽑⍇䘬㉝

㈿䱦䤆˩ˣ˪⍇ỷ㮹㕷慵⣏㬟⎚ḳẞ烉⣏尡䣦ḳẞ⥼妿䞼䨞妰䔓⟙⏲˫䫱⮰

婾炻㕩⽝⌂⺽㶭ẋ军㖍㱣㗪㛇䘬⭀㚠㨼㟰ˣ⽿㚠℠䯵ˣ婧㞍⟙⏲ˣ⟙↲暄娴ˣ 䞼䨞⮰叿᷎惵⎰䓘慶姒㞍㇨⼿屯㕁炻徥㹗㖑㛇⣏尡䣦佌䘬⼊ㆸˣ怟䦣冯悐句 柀➇䘬廱嬲炻娛徘㘂㶭军㖍㛔㬾㮹䴙㱣㗪㛇⣏尡䣦佌㉝㈿⢾Ἦ㓧㪲䘬㬟㫉㇘

⼡炻⏰䎦⣏尡䣦佌䘤≽㈿㖍㇘䇕㕤⣙㓿⼴ㆸ䁢⣏ⴁⲩ⇵Ⱉ佌䘬㬟⎚忶䦳炻㚨 䳪↮㜸⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹塓従暊攳㓭⛇ᷳ⼴炻ᶱḽ⎰⎵㚫䣦䫱屯㛔ᷣ佑⊊≃忚 ℍ⍇⣏尡䣦➇㇨⽆ḳ䘬⎬枭䴻㾇攳䘤ḳ㤕炻ẍ⍲怟⯭㹒⎋冢䫱⛘䘬⣏尡㕷Ṣ

⼴临䘬䓇妰䘤⯽⓷柴炻䁢 ijı ᶾ䲨ᷕ㛇ẍ⇵⣏尡䣦佌䘬䘤⯽傰䴉⤈ᶳ♜嫡䳘 兑䘬⎚⮎➢䢶ˤℏ㔯ᷕ憅⮵⣏㶭ⷅ⚳冯㖍㛔ⷅ⚳⮵㕤⣏尡佌⍇ỷ㮹媠⣂ᶵ䔞

ĸIJˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫炻枩 ĹķıĮĹķijˣĹķķĮĹĸIJˣĹĸĺĮĹĹIJˣĺıIJĮĺıijˣĺıĶĮĺIJıˤ斄㕤㜿䐆㖴ˣ檀

┇枮䘬℔堃慓䗪ḳ帇炻⎎夳㕤㓧ḳ䭯䫔ᶫ䪈˨堃䓇˩炻枩 ĴĺĶĮĴĺķˤ

ĸijˢ喌ḽ⽿㳍㝅炻˪㖍㒂㗪㛇冢䀋䷥䜋⹄䘬䎮哫㓧䫾˫炷冢⊿烉⚳䩳冢䀋ⷓ䭬⣏⬠㬟⎚䞼䨞㇨炻IJĺĹĺ ⸜炸烊喌ḽ

⽿㳍㝅炻˪䎮哫烉㖍㛔㱣䎮冢䀋䘬妰䫾˫炷冢⊿烉㔯劙➪炻IJĺĺĸ ⸜炸烊喌ḽ⽿㳍㝅炻˪冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹⎚烉㓧䫾 䭯炷ᶱ炸˫炷⋿㈽烉冢䀋䚩㔯䌣⥼⒉㚫炻ijııIJ ⸜炸ˤ

ĸĴˢ‭䏒履䫱炻˪⍇ỷ㮹慵⣏㬟⎚ḳẞ烉⣏ⴁⲩḳẞ炷IJĹĹĶĮIJĺIJı炸˫炷冢⊿烉埴㓧昊⍇ỷ㮹㕷⥼⒉㚫炻ijııĶ ⸜炸炻 枩 ijĺĮĵIJˣĶıĮĶĴˤ

(24)

䘬㬎≃Ὕ䔍埴䁢ˣẍ⍲ᶱḽ䫱屯㛔ᷣ佑⊊≃䘬∅⇲埴⼹⣂㇨㈡⇌炻䁢⣏尡䣦 ḳẞ忚埴䲣䴙⿏䘬⎚⮎⺢㥳ᷳ晃炻Ṏ㶙℟ˬ徘⼨ẍ䁢Ἦ侭ⷓ˭䘬揹ㆺ姜㯪炻

⻟婧㬟⎚䛇䚠䘬怬⍇ẍ⍲廱✳㬋佑炷ŵųŢůŴŪŵŪŰůŢŭġūŶŴŵŪŤŦ炸䘬慵天⿏炻㚜㍸䣢ㆹ Ᾱ㛒Ἦ⤪ỽẍ⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹䘬ᷣ橼⿏炻ἄ䁢⬠埻⿅侫䩳⟜䘬怑䔞⿏ẍ⍲⺢

㥳⍇ỷ㮹⎚奨䘬⎗傥⿏ˤĸĵ䓙㬌⎗夳炻˪㟫⚺䷋⽑冰悱悱⽿⡆ᾖ˫ᶨ㚠㴱⍲

⣏尡䣦佌⍇ỷ㮹䘬㬟⎚㚠⮓冯娖慳奨溆炻⟒䁢‭㮷䳗䧵攟㗪㛇䚠斄䘬⬠埻䞼 䨞䴻㬟␴℞⮵㕤⍇ỷ㮹ᷣ橼⎚奨䘬㶙⇣橼娵炻℟橼句⮎㕤㬌㫉⡆ᾖ㕡⽿䘬⮎

岒ㆸ㝄ˤĸĶ

Ϥȃ๖፣

䵄⎰㛔㔯ẍᶲ⎬䪈䘬妋㜸炻ijı ᶾ䲨ẍἮ㟫⚺⛘⋨㕡⽿㚠⮓ᷕ䘬⣏尡䣦 佌炻⽆㚨⇅⍿⇘䴙㱣昶Ⰼシ嬀⼊ン冯㻊㕷ᷕ⽫⎚奨䘬⼙枧炻ἧ⼿忁佌㉝㈿㖍 㛔⊊≃ℍὝ侴⼴塓従⽆ᶱ奺㸏Ⱉ⋨怟军奺㜧Ⱉ⛘⋨䘬⣏尡䣦佌炻↢䎦⛐㕡⽿

㔯㛔ᷳ䚠斄䭯䪈婾徘ᶲ炻ㆾ㗗塓岎Ḱ慶埣⃯㙜䘬㲘晭⼊尉炻ㆾ㗗塓䰈䴙⛘㬠 ℍ⣏ⴁⲩ⇵Ⱉ佌炻侴╒⣙℞ᷣ橼⿏␴傥夳⹎ˤ忚ℍḴ⋩ᶨᶾ䲨ẍ⼴炻Ờ晐叿

⍇ỷ㮹㕷冒㱣忳≽ẍ⍲悐句㔯⊾慵㋗シ嬀䘬㖪㎂炻徸㻠慆慨↢ẍ⣏尡䣦佌䫱

⍇ỷ㮹ᷣ橼䩳⟜䁢⿅侫庠⎹䘬㕡⽿㔯㛔烊⣏尡㕷Ṣ㕤㖍㱣㗪㛇䘬㬎墅㈿䇕埴

≽冯㇘⼴㗪㛇⽑㬠ᶱⲥ㓭⛇䘬姜㯪炻ẍ⍲ IJĺĶı ⸜ẋ䘥刚⿸⾾㛇攻悐句卩劙 怕⍿㓧⹄䔞⯨㔜倭従⭛䘬䴻㬟炻㕤㗗ㆸ䁢忁㗪㛇㟫⚺⽑冰⛘⋨⎬䳂㕡⽿㚠⮓

䘬䃎溆ˤ役⸜Ἦ䘬㕡⽿㚠⮓侭婧㔜忶⼨ˬ㻊Ṣ攳䘤⎚奨˭䘬↮㜸㧉⺷炻ẍ⍇

ĸĵˢ‭䏒履炻˨⊿㲘晭⣏尡佌炷ůŤŢŲ炸⎚ȹȹ㴰⣙䘬⣏尡佌炻⽑⍇䘬㉝㈿䱦䤆˩炻冢⊿烉ᷕ⣖䞼䨞昊冢䀋⎚䞼䨞

㇨ᷣ彎ˬ⚳⭞冯⍇ỷ㮹⚳晃⬠埻䞼妶婾˭婾㔯炻ijıIJĶ ⸜ˤ⍇ỷ㮹㕷⥼⒉㚫⥼妿炻‭䏒履妰䔓ᷣ㊩炻˪⍇ỷ㮹 㕷慵⣏㬟⎚ḳẞ烉⣏尡䣦ḳẞ⥼妿䞼䨞妰䔓⟙⏲˫炷冢⊿烉屉⛀㱽Ṣ㖍㛔㔯㔁➢慹㚫炻ijıIJĸ ⸜炸ˤ䫮侭デ嫅

‭䏒履㔁㌰㍸ὃ㬌枭屯㕁ˤ

ĸĶˢ斄㕤㬌㫉⡆ᾖ悱⽿ᷕ⍇ỷ㮹ᷣ橼⎚奨䘬䚩⿅炻⍲℞⤪ỽ⍵㗈⛐娚⽿㚠䶐个橼ἳ␴⎵䧙䓐婆䘬婧㔜炻⎗⍫夳‭

䏒履炻˨˪⽑冰悱⽿˫傥⟙䫼Ḯ侮侩䘬㛇㛃╶烎˩炻㓞㕤⍇ỷ㮹㕷⥼⒉㚫ᷣ彎炻˪冢䀋⍇ỷ㮹㕷⛘⋨㕡⽿䶐 ᾖㆸ㝄冯⓷柴䞼妶㚫㚫嬘屯㕁˫炻枩 IJĮIJı烊‭䏒履炻˨㑘⮓˪⽑冰悱⽿˫䘬㕘⿅䵕˩炻˪㮹㕷⬠䓴˫炻䫔 ĴĹ 㛇炻 ijıIJķ ⸜ IJı 㚰炻枩 ĺĴĮIJijĹˤ

參考文獻

相關文件

volume suppressed mass: (TeV) 2 /M P ∼ 10 −4 eV → mm range can be experimentally tested for any number of extra dimensions - Light U(1) gauge bosons: no derivative couplings. =>

We explicitly saw the dimensional reason for the occurrence of the magnetic catalysis on the basis of the scaling argument. However, the precise form of gap depends

For pedagogical purposes, let us start consideration from a simple one-dimensional (1D) system, where electrons are confined to a chain parallel to the x axis. As it is well known

The observed small neutrino masses strongly suggest the presence of super heavy Majorana neutrinos N. Out-of-thermal equilibrium processes may be easily realized around the

Define instead the imaginary.. potential, magnetic field, lattice…) Dirac-BdG Hamiltonian:. with small, and matrix

incapable to extract any quantities from QCD, nor to tackle the most interesting physics, namely, the spontaneously chiral symmetry breaking and the color confinement.. 

(1) Determine a hypersurface on which matching condition is given.. (2) Determine a

• Formation of massive primordial stars as origin of objects in the early universe. • Supernova explosions might be visible to the most