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THE EFFECTS OF A FORWARD-FACING ENTRANCE STEP ON FILM COOLING PERFORMANCE NEAR THE ENDWALL REGION OF A GUIDE VANE 林廷祐、吳佩學

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THE EFFECTS OF A FORWARD-FACING ENTRANCE STEP ON FILM COOLING PERFORMANCE NEAR THE ENDWALL REGION OF A GUIDE VANE

林廷祐、吳佩學

E-mail: 9126600@mail.dyu.edu.tw

ABSTRACT

THE REASON FOR SIMULTANEOUS CRACKING AT THE LEADING EDGE AND ANNULAR CASING ENDWALL OF THE FIRST STAGE GUIDE VANES IS NOWADAYS NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD IN INDUSTRY. SINCE THE CRACK -ING OF THE FIRST STAGE GUIDE VANES IS USUALLY FOUND TO OCCUR AT THE LEADING

EDGE,THE TRA -ILING EDGE NEAR THE ENDWALL, AND AT THE ANNULAR CASING ENDWALL, HENCE IT IS NECESSARY TO FULLY UNDERSTAND THE FLOW FIELD AROUND THESE AREAS. MANY RESEARCH RESULTS HAVE POINTED OUT THAT THE FLOW NEAR THE ENDWALL OF A VANE IS THREE-DIMENSIONAL AND COMPLICATED, INCLUDING SECONDARY FLOWS SUCH AS HORSESHOE VORTICES, PASSAGE VORTEX, AND CORNER VORTICES,AND THE IN -TERACTION OF THESE VORTICES. THE FORMATION OF THESE VORTICES IS INTIMATELY TIED TO THE DE -VELOPMENT OF THE UPSTREAM BOUNDARY LAYER ALONG THE

ENDWALL. THERE WOULD BE A DISPLACEMENT BETWEEN THE COMBUSTOR TRANSITION NOZZLE AND THE FIRST STAGE GUIDE VANE DUE TO THERMAL EXPA -NSION, CONSEQUENTLY THE DIFFERENT

ENTRANCE FLOW EXISTS OBVIOUSLY. THE MATCH CONDITION DUE TO THE EXIST OF DISPLACEMENT IN THE TRANSITION NOZZLE AND THE ANNULAR CASING ENDWALL OF TH -E GUIDE VANES WILL MARKEDLY AFFECT THE BOUNDARY LAYER ALONG THE ENDWALL. SO IT SEEMS QUES -TIONABLE TO FULLY IGNORE THE FACT OF THE EXPANSION DISPLACEMENT OF THE TRANSITION NOZZLE IN THE ESTIMATE OF THE FILM COOLING DISTRIBUTION AROUND THE ENDWALL OF A VANE.EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED IN THIS WORK TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTS OF THE DISPLACEMENT OF A TRANSITION NOZZLE ON THE FLOW FIELD AND FILM COOLING EFFECTIVENESS DISTRIBUTION NEAR THE ENDWALL REGI -ON OF A FIRST STAGE TURBINE GUIDE VANE. A TWO-HALF-VANE MODEL WAS USED IN THE TEST.THE DI

-SPLACEMENT OF A TRANSITION NOZZLE RELATIVE TO THE ANNULAR CASING WALL DUE TO THERMAL EXPA -NSION WAS REPRESENTED BY A FORWARD-FACING ENTRANCE STEP IN THE TEST. THE

DISTRIBUTION OF THE FILM COOLING EFFECTIVENESS WAS DETERMINED THROUGH THE WAY OF

STEADY-STATE HEAT TRANSF ER EXPERIMENT WITH LIQUID CRYSTAL THERMOGRAPHY.RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENTS SHOW THAT, WHEN SUCH A DISPLACEMENT OCCURS, THE FILM COOLING EFFECTIVENESS AT THE ENDWALL IS DECREASED ARO -UND THE LEADING EDGE OF TEST VANE. THE LOW FILM COOLING EFFECTIVENESS (TRIANGULAR) REGION ON THE SUCTION SIDE SURFACE DUE TO THE

THREE-DIMENSIONAL FLOW PATTERN NEAR THE ENDWALL IS ENLARGED. THESE RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL FLOW PATTERN HAS BEEN CHANGED AND THAT THE POSSIBILITY OF DAMAGE TO A VANE IS INCREASED.

Keywords : GUIDE VANE, FORWARD-FACING ENTRANCE STEP, FILM COOLING EFFECTIVENESS, STEADY-STATE HEAT TRANSFER, LIQUID CRYSTAL THERMOGRAPHY

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION--P1 1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND--P1 1.1.1 THE GUIDE VANES IN A GAS

TURBINE--P1 1.1.2 COOLING TECHNIQUES--P2 1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW--P4 1.2.1 SECONDARY FLOW FIELD--P4 1.2.2 FILM COOLING--P7 1.3 OBJECTIVES--P14 CHAPTER 2. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD AND THEORIES--P16 2.1 STEADY-STATE METHOD--P16 2.2 TRANSIENT STATE METHOD--P17 2.3 COMPARISON OF THE TWO

METHODS--P21 CHAPTER 3. EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS AND DATA REDUCTION--P22 3.1 TEST SECTION--P22 3.1.1 DESIGN OF THE TWO HALF VANE MODEL--P23 3.1.2 RAISING MECHANISM--P23 3.1.3 SPACE OF GAPS AND FLUENT (CFD PACKAGE)--P24 3.1.4 FILM COOLING HOLES--P26 3.1.5 GLASS WOOL--P28 3.2 APPARATUS--P28 3.2.1 THE WIND TUNNEL--P29 3.2.2 FILM COOLING SUPPLY SYSTEM--P33 3.2.3 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT--P35 3.2.4 IMAGE PROCESSING SYSTEM--P35 3.2.5 LIQUID CRYSTAL--P36 3.2.6 CCD CAMERA--P37 3.2.7 VELOCITY

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MEASURING SYSTEM--P38 3.3 DATA REDUCTION--P40 3.3.1 FILM COOLING EFFECTIVENESS--P40 3.3.2 PROCESS OF DATA REDUCTION--P41 3.3.3 UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS--P42 CHAPTER 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION--P44 4.1 ENDWALL--P44 4.1.1 LEADING EDGE--P44 4.1.2 IN THE PASSAGE AND NEAR THE TRAILING EDGE--P48 4.2 SUCTION SIDE SURFACE--P51 4.3 PRESSURE SIDE SURFACE--P54 CHAPTER 5. SUMMARY AND

CONCLUSIONS--P57 REFERENCES--P59 APPENDIX A--P119 REFERENCES

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