Table of Contents
Unit 1 Nouns and Basic Pronouns
Part A Nouns and Articles 6
B Subject Pronouns and Possessive Adjectives 10
C Review 14
Unit 2 Simple Present
Part A Be and Information Questions with Be 16 B Negative Forms of Be and Yes/No Questions with Be 20
C Regular Verbs 24
D Irregular Verbs 28
E Negative Verb Forms and Yes/No Questions 32
F Information Questions 36
G Review 40
Unit 3 Punctuation and Simple Sentences
Part A Capitalization and Punctuation 42
B Suggestions (Let’s and Why don’t) 46
C Interjections and Exclamations 50
D Imperatives 54
E Statements 58
F Tag Questions 62
G Review 66
Unit 4 Present Progressive
Part A Form and Function 68
B Negative Forms and Questions 72
C Non-progressive (Stative) Verbs 76
D The Present Progressive vs. The Simple Present 80
E Review 84
Unit 5 Simple Past
Part A Regular Verbs 86
B Irregular Verbs 90
C Negative Verb Forms and Yes/No Questions 94
D Information Questions 98
E Review 102
Unit 6 Future
Part A Affirmative and Negative Forms of Will and Be Going To 104
B Questions 108
C Review 112
Unit 7 Pronouns
Part A Personal and Possessive Pronouns 114
B Demonstrative Pronouns 118
C It 122
D Review 126
Unit 8 Basic Sentence Structures
Part A Subjects, Verbs, Objects, and Adverbials 128 B Subject Complements and Object Complements 132
C Direct and Indirect Objects 136
D Review 140
Appendix
142Index
143Transcripts & Answer Key
Unit 1
■Nouns and Basic Pr onouns
Part A Nouns and Articles
Nouns can be singular or plural. SINGULAR: banana PLURAL: bananas
Articles are a, an, and the. A baby cries. An alligator swims.
Sometimes no article is used. The teenagers whisper. Apples are delicious.
Spelling Rules for Plural Nouns
Noun Ending Rule Examples
a consonant or a vowel
add -s a bed beds a table tables
(most regular nouns)
a bus buses a match matches
-s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x add -es a glass glasses a fox foxes
a dish dishes
a consonant + y change y to i and add -es a dictionary dictionaries
-f or -fe change -f/-fe to v and add -es a leaf leaves a knife knives Vowels: a, e, i, o, u
Consonants: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z
Articles
A is for singular nouns. A zebra has stripes.
It goes in front of consonant sounds. Nick eats a sandwich.
An is for singular nouns. An iris is a flower.
It goes in front of vowel sounds. John sees an airplane.
The is for singular or plural nouns. The dogs bark. The ice cream is vanilla.
It goes in front of consonant or vowel sounds. Tom is at the library. Lisa has the erasers.
Words beginning with u often have a y(ju) sound. In this case, a is used.
Y SOUND: A unicorn(ju;nIk∞;rn) has a horn. U SOUND: Amy has an umbrella(<mbrelÂ).
H is often silent when it begins a word. In this case, an is used.
SILENT: An hour is a long time. SPOKEN: Sarah has a hamster.
Grammar Explanation Preview
Lisa has new shoes.
The shoes are blue and brown.
Blue is Lisa’s favorite color.
Practice 1
Part A 7 1. a. The girls are hitting a tennis ball.
b. The girl is hitting a tennis ball.
c. The tennis ball is hitting the girl.
2. a. A child carries her parents.
b. A mother carries a child.
c. A father carries a child.
3. a. A tree climbs the koala.
b. A koala climbs a tree.
c. Koalas climb the trees.
Exercise 2 Look at the pictures and circle the correct sentences.
1. an hour → hours 2. _____ earring →_____________
3. ____ baseball →_____________ 4. _____ year →_____________
5. ____ university →_____________ 6. _____ house →_____________
7. ____ pineapple → _____________ 8. _____ plant →_____________
9. ____ armchair → _____________ 10. _____ uncle →_____________
11. ____ helicopter →_____________ 12. _____ athlete →_____________
Exercise 3 Write a or an before the words. Then write the plural forms.
1. Tom plays (an / the) violin.
2. (A / An) ant is (a / an) insect.
3. Amy rides (a / an) horse.
4. (The / A) apples are ripe.
5. Amy wears (a / an) uniform to school.
6. (The / An) hotel is near (a / the) airport.
Exercise 1 Circle the correct answers.
Practice 2
A. B. C. D.
Exercise 5 Fill in the blanks with a or an. Then make sentences by matching the words.
1. Alaska is a cold place. __________ live in Alaska.
2. _________ has a pencil. The __________ is yellow.
3. The _________ change color. The __________ change.
4. A _________ is a vegetable. __________ are good for you.
Exercise 6 Complete the sentences with nouns from the box.
1. A fork is ● ● ____ fruit.
2. ____ kitten is ● ● ____ home.
3. ____ orange is ● ● a utensil.
4. ____ apartment is ● ● ____ big animal.
5. ____ elephant is ● ● ____ baby cat.
Exercise 4 Listen and number the pictures from 1--4.
leaves pencil carrot seasons Alaska vegetables Amy Polar bears
Track 2
Part A 9
Grammar in Use
plants The night porcupine A
Exercise 7 Complete the sentences with words from the box.
1. Porcupines eat meat. T F
2. Porcupines climb trees. T F
3. Twigs protect porcupines. T F
4. Porcupines are awake at night. T F
Exercise 8 Circle T for true or F for false.
Welcome to City Zoo!
●A porcupine is nocturnal. It sleeps all day and stays awake at 2.__________.
●A porcupine eats green 3.__________.
●A porcupine has long quills. 4.__________
quills protect the porcupine.
●5.__________ porcupine climbs trees.
Learn about a
1.____________!
Subject Pronouns and Possessive Adjectives
Part B
Subject Pronouns refer to nouns.
They replace subjects.
John plays basketball.
He is athletic. (He = John)
Lisa and Tom play musical instruments.
They take lessons. (They = Lisa and Tom)
Possessive Adjectives show ownership or relationship. They often go before nouns.
My hair is brown.
Amy and her brother have a pet rabbit.
Their rabbit eats lettuce.
Grammar Explanation Preview
My brother and I want a horse.
Our aunt has two horses.
We ride the horses. They are fast!
Subject Pronouns I
you he she
it we they
*Its is a possessive adjective. It’s = It is
Possessive Adjectives my
your his her its*
our their
Practice 1
Part B 11 1. Jennifer likes bubble gum.
______ favorite flavor is watermelon.
______ chews it every day.
______ is delicious.
2. Sam is a skateboarder.
______ can do tricks.
______ brother and sister skateboard, too.
______ learn from Sam.
3. The cow sees Ryan.
______ shows Ryan ______ tongue.
______ takes a picture.
______ picture is funny.
Exercise 2 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with subject pronouns or possessive adjectives.
1. My name is John.
2. I am fifteen years old.
3. I live with my mom and dad.
4. We live in an apartment.
5. My dad is a teacher.
6. He likes his job.
Exercise 1 Underline the subject pronouns and circle the possessive adjectives.
Exercise 3 Listen and circle the subject pronouns and possessive adjectives you hear.
he my they I his you their we it its your she her our
Track 3
Practice 2
Exercise 4 Rewrite the sentences with subject pronouns.
1. Lisa wears skirts.
→ She wears skirts.
2. John and Nick play tennis.
→_____________________________________________
3. Giraffes are tall.
→_____________________________________________
4. The sofa is comfortable.
→_____________________________________________
5. Tom and his sister watch cartoons.
→_____________________________________________
Exercise 5 Fix the mistakes in the sentences. Each sentence has one mistake.
1. His is happy.
→_____________________________________________
2. They eat they lunches.
→_____________________________________________
3. You earrings are pretty.
→_____________________________________________
4. Amy and she dad like pizza.
→_____________________________________________
5. Our are good students.
→_____________________________________________
Part B 13
Grammar in Use
Exercise 6 Complete the sentences with subject pronouns or possessive adjectives.
Exercise 7 Circle T for true or F for false.
1.
____________
name is Katherine.I am sixteen years old.
2.
____________
am on the track team. The hurdles is 3.____________
favorite event. 4.
____________
little brother is on the track team, too.5.
____________
name is Steve.6.
____________
runs fast!Sometimes 7.
____________
race together, but he always wins.1. Katherine and her brother are athletic. T F
2. Steve is sixteen years old. T F
3. Steve is on the track team. T F
4. (Photo) It is a hurdle. T F
4
Review
Part C
A: Hi! My name is Amy. I am a new student.
B: Nice to meet you, Amy. My name is Lisa.
A: Nice to meet you, too. I like your headband.
B: Thanks!
Exercise 1 Practice the conversations with a partner. Change roles for each conversation.
1. Lisa eats ____ apple. ____ is delicious.
a. an / She b. an / It c. the / They d. a / We
2. ____ brother is tall. ____ plays basketball.
a. Our / She b. My / Our c. My / He d. His / She
3. John and ____ dad like desserts. ____ favorite dessert is chocolate cake.
a. her / Her b. they / His c. his / Their d. their / Our
4. I like ____ sandals. ____ are cool!
a. your / They b. my / It c. his / Its d. the / Their
5. We have ____ new puppy. ____ barks a lot!
a. a / My b. the / They c. an / We d. a / It
Exercise 2 Choose the best answers.
1. 2. 3.
Amy John Nick a new student your new teammate an art student Lisa / headband Tom / goggles Sarah / watch
Review 15 1. We live on ______ island.
2. He has ______ basketball.
3. She is ______ acrobat.
4. ______ orangutan has long arms.
5. She wears ______ uniform to school.
6. I see ______ ambulance.
1.(My / I) sister is nineteen years old. 2. (She / Her) name is Monica.
3. (She / He) is nice. 4. (I / You) love her very much. She is 5. (an / a) university student. 6. (Its/ Her) favorite subject is science. She is 7. (a / an) good student.
8. (She / Their) often studies in 9. (an / the) library.
Exercise 4 Circle the correct answers.
1. He throws an baseball. →___________________________________________
2. She washes she face. →___________________________________________
3. We see an helicopter. →___________________________________________
