2.3 วᐒࢎᄬ
2.3.1 ޔௗᙯඤวᐒ
კ2.14ࣁޔௗᙯඤኳԄวᏔࢎᄬǴԜᜪࠠޑวᏔஒ I/Q ࣬Տ ϐ୷ᓎૻဦǴၸኧՏᜪКᙯඤᏔϷᘠݢᏔೀࡕǴӆҗషᓎᏔ ፓᡂ٠ЪӕਔϲᓎԿᓎᓎǴനࡕҗфܫεᏔܫεᙖҗϺጕ
ଌрѐǶԜวᐒё࣪ѐύᓎޑႝᓸڋਁᕏᏔᆶᙹᓎၡǴЪ ёᗉխ٬ҔѦௗޑύᓎᘠݢᏔǴёε൯फ़եТय़ᑈϷᇙբԋҁǶ
ॊࣁޔௗᙯᡂኳԄวᏔޑᓬᗺǴՠࢂӧჴሞޑႝၡᇙբǴϝ ӸӧӭࡷᏯǶٯӵǴI/Q ૻဦ৩ޑ࣬Տᆶቚᇤৡԋਏૈޑफ़ եǵਁᕏᏔרਏᔈȐVCO PullingȑϝሡլܺǶ
90 shifter0
კ2.14 ҅Ҭ࣬Տޔௗᙯඤวᐒ
2.3.2
ᚈख़ᙯඤวᐒ (Two-Step Transmitter)
ࣁᗉխਁᕏᏔרਏᔈǴёаஒ୷ᓎૻဦҗ I/Q ೯ၰӃϲԿύ ᓎೀǴനࡕӆϲԿᓎᓎࢤǴӵΠკ2.15܌ҢǴځύ BPF1ᘠόѸाޑ IF ᒋݢǴBPF2߾ᘠѐନόाޑᜐᓎ(Sideband)Ƕࡐܴᡉ ӦǴҗܭ I/Q ፓᡂӧၨեޑᓎπբځϰଛޑ܄КၨӳǶՠӧಃ
ಃΒക ᓎԏวᐒࢎᄬ 14
ΒԛޑϲᓎύǴషᓎᏔౢғٿঁኬޑᜐᓎ(Up Sideband Low Sideband :USB&LSB)ǴԶقሡाଯၲ50~60dB ޑڋфૈٰѐ ନόѸाޑᜐᓎǶԶӧԜᓎᓎǴ೯தሡाӧфܫεᏔϷషᓎ Ꮤϐ໔уঁѦௗޑଯ Q ॶᘠݢᏔǴԋԋҁޑቚуǶ
90 shifter0
2Z1
Z1 Z Z1 2 Z Z1 2
1 2
Z Z cosZ1t
sinZ1t cosZ2t
Z2 2Z1
Z1
კ2.15 ᚈख़ᙯඤวᐒ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 15
ಃΟക
ጠӝႝགᓸਁᕏᏔ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 16
3.1 ق
ӧคጕ೯ૻسޑԏวᐒȐTransceiverȑύǴคፕࢂௗԏᐒ
ȐReceiverȑ܈ࢂวᐒȐTransmitterȑᆄǴࣣΕঁషᓎᏔȐMixerȑ բࣁफ़ᓎȐDown ConversionȑᆶϲᓎȐUp ConversionȑޑբǴԶ షᓎᏔϲᓎᆶफ़ᓎޑୖԵᓎࢂҗҁӦਁᕏᏔȐLocal Oscillatorȑ܌
ගٮǴࣁᗉխᓎȐRadio Frequencyȑૻဦӧफ़ᓎޑၸำύԋૻဦ ѨǴ܈ࢂӧϲᓎၸำύυᘋځдᎃ߈ᓎȐAdjacent Channelȑϐ
ૻဦǴӢԶӵՖीঁᛙۓЪଳృޑਁᕏᏔႝၡǴჹܭঁคጕ೯
ૻسԶقǴࢂ࣬ख़ाޑǶҁക२ӃஒϟಏਁᕏᏔޑ୷ҁচǵ
ႝၡࢎᄬǵख़ाୖኧǵႝགीǴ٠ճҔGCT 2.0 um InGap/GaAs HBT ޑᇙำჴᓸਁᕏᏔႝၡǺጠጠӝႝགৡ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔȐCoupled Inductor Differential Phase Voltage Controlled Oscillatorȑǵጠጠӝႝག҅
Ҭ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔȐCoupled Inductor Quadrature Phase Voltage Controlled OscillatorȑǶ
3.2 ୷ҁচϷႝၡࢎᄬ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 17
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 18
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 19
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 20
ᖿ߈คज़εǴ٬ளႝၡԋࣁคཞޑགྷӅਁ๚ǴӢԜᒡрݢࠠஒό
૰෧ǶԶ೯தॄႝߔǴёᙖҗЬႝၡٰౢғǶ
კ 3.5ȐaȑߚགྷӅਁ๚
კ 3.5ȐbȑߚགྷӅਁ๚٠ᖄॄႝߔ
Z
as Z s
rკ 3.6 ൂ୵ॄႝߔਁᕏᏔ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 21
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 22
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 23
3.2.2
ᕉࠠਁᕏᏔ
२ӃךॺԵቾӵკ3.8ޑൂཱུᗺӣسǴႝᡏM1ᄬԋӅྍ
ભܫεᏔႝၡǴගٮΑ1800ޑޔࢬ࣬Տୃ౽ǴԶႝߔRᆶႝCѝԖ ӧᓎᖿ߈ܭคज़εਔǴωёගٮ900ޑ࣬Տୃ౽ǴӢԜǴԜൂཱུᗺ ӣسനεѝёගٮ2700ޑ࣬Տୃ౽ǴႝၡคݤᅈىЃլᇬහޑଆ
ਁ࣬ՏచҹǶ
ऩךॺӭуΕঁӅྍભܫεᏔǴ٬ளႝၡԋࣁᚈཱུᗺޑӣس
Ǵӵკ3.9܌ҢǴ߾Ԝႝၡനεёගٮ5400࣬Տୃ౽Ȑ3600 1800Ǻ 3600ࣁޔࢬ࣬ՏǴ1800ࣁRCႝၡ܌ගٮޑჹε࣬Տୃ౽ȑǴᗨฅӧᓎ
ௗ߈႟ਔǴёᅈىЃլᇬහଆਁޑ࣬ՏచҹǴฅԶԜႝၡஒวғ ᆊڋޑຝԶߚਁᕏǴӢࣁVaႝᓸޔϲਔǴ٬ளVbႝᓸΠ फ़ǴԋႝᡏM1ᜢഈǴӢԶวғΑᆊڋޑຝԶߚਁᕏǶ
კ 3.8 ൂཱུᗺӣس
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 24
ӧӣၡ৩ύуΕঁགྷޑϸ࣬ܫεᏔǴӵკ3.10܌ҢǴ߾Ԝ ӣႝၡനεёаౢғ7200Ȑ5400 1800ȑޑ࣬Տୃ౽ǴฅԶٿঁRC
ཱུᗺౢғޑ1800࣬Տୃ౽ໆѸӧᓎࣁคज़εਔωౢғǴӢԜǴ ԜႝၡϝฅคݤᅈىЃլᇬහଆਁޑ࣬ՏచҹǶ
კ3.11ࣁΟཱུᗺӣسႝၡǴԜӣႝၡനεёаගٮ8100 Ȑ5400 2700ȑޑ࣬Տୃ౽ǴऩΟঁRCཱུᗺӧZ0ౢғ1800ޑ࣬Տୃ
౽ໆǴႝၡஒёᅈىЃլᇬහଆਁޑ࣬ՏచҹǴӕਔऩঁൂભܫε კ 3.9 ᚈཱུᗺӣس
კ 3.10!Εঁགྷϸ࣬ܫεᏔܭᚈཱུᗺӣ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 25
ғਁᕏǴԶλߞဦޑਁᕏᓎࣁZOSC 3Z0ǴځύZ0ࣁભႝၡޑ 3dBᓎቨǶ
O 2
A Ȑ3.12ȑ 3 0
ZOSC Z Ȑ3.13ȑ
ჴሞਁᕏᏔޑᒡрૻဦஒႝၡޑߚጕ܄܄܌ज़ڋՐǴӢԜ ӧᆉਁᕏᓎਔǴനࡕޑਁᕏᓎѸаεߞဦࣁЬǴӵკ3.12܌
ҢǴঁϸᙯႝၡۯᒨTdਔ໔วǴӢԜёаளډεߞဦຼයࣁ 6TdǶ
კ 3.11!Οཱུᗺӣس
კ 3.12!εߞဦਁᕏݢࠠ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 26
ӕёаᕇளӭભᕉࠠਁᕏᏔǴӵკ3.13܌ҢǴϩձࣁൂᆄᒡр ᆶৡᒡрޑႝၡࢎᄬҢཀკǴਁᕏᓎёளӵȐ3.14ȑԄǺ
1
OSC 2
f N Td Ȑ3.14ȑ
3.2.3 LC
ਁᕏᏔ ҬᒱጠӝਁᕏᏔ
җ 3.2.1 ёޕǴঁߚགྷޑ LC Ӆਁ๚Ӣࣁҁيႝߔ
ᓯӸޑૈໆԶคݤਁᕏǴऩ٠ᖄঁॄႝߔܭӅਁ๚ਔǴ߾ᡏਏ
ႝߔॶஒᖿ߈ܭคज़εǴ٬ளႝၡԋࣁঁคཞޑགྷӅਁ๚Ǵ ӢԜૻဦஒόӢૈໆԶ૰෧Ƕӵკ 3.14 ܌ҢǴҬᒱጠӝਁᕏ ᏔջࢂճҔॊচ܌ीޑਁᕏᏔǴךॺёҗаΠᏤளޕǴႝ
ᡏ M1 ᆶ M2 Ҭᒱ࣬ௗஒਏԋॄႝߔǶ
კ 3.13 ӭભᕉࠠਁᕏᏔǺȐaȑൂᆄǶȐbȑৡ
Ƕ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 27
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 28
ӢԜǴӧቚىϐΠǴ٠Ъीႝᡏޑୃᓸ٬ளǺ 1
P m
R t g Ȑ3.19ȑ
߾ԜႝၡஒёౢғਁᕏǴԶځਁᕏᓎஒҗLCӅਁ๚،ۓǴځ ᓎࣁǺ
osc 1/ 2 p p
f S L C Ȑ3.20ȑ კ 3.15 ȐaȑྍཱུᒿጠᏔǶȐbȑਏႝၡǶ
კ 3.16 ҬᒱጠӝᕏᏔॄႝߔҢཀკǶ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 29 NoiseȑǵᚇૻȐThermal Noise ȑᆶᚇૻȐShot NoiseȑǶҗܭਁ
ᕏᏔჹܭྕࡋϷᚇૻ࣬௵གǴྕࡋᡂϯ܈ᚇૻӸӧਔǴஒቹៜ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 30
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 31
10log sideband c ,1 /
carrier
კ 3.20 Lesson’s Model!
1 f3
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 32
ૻޑࠔ፦όӳǴ߾Ьૻဦஒυᘋᎃ߈೯ၰޑૻဦǶҗॊёޕǴ
ঁࠔ፦ό٫ޑᓸਁᕏᏔǴஒεεޑቹៜঁ೯ૻسޑࠔ፦Ǵ܌
а࣬ՏᚇૻࢂᓸਁᕏᏔനख़ाޑঁࡰǶ
კ 3.21 ࣬ՏᚇૻჹௗԏᐒޑቹៜǺȐaȑགྷਁᕏ ᏔǶȐbȑჴሞਁᕏᏔǶ!
f0
f
| f
f0
f
| f
კ 3.22 ࣬ՏᚇૻჹวᐒޑቹៜǺȐaȑགྷਁᕏ ᏔǶȐbȑჴሞਁᕏᏔǶ!
f f
f2 f1 f2 f1
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 33
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 34 ຯǵaࣁϣ৩ǴDࣁѦ৩Ƕკ3.25ࣁGaAs୷݈ޑႝགਏኳࠠǴځύCo ࣁߎឦቫᆶߎឦቫΒख़᠄ޑႝǵRߎឦޑཞႝߔǵCsubࣁ୷݈
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 35
ीѳय़ႝགਔѸԵቾޑୢᚒӵΠǺ
Ȑ1ȑʳёаቚуߎឦࠆࡋᆶቨࡋа෧ϿߎឦཞRΔቚуႝག Q ॶǶ ӢԜӧբႝགթֽਔǴ೯த٬ҔനቫࠆࡋၨࠆޑߎឦቫǶ Ȑ2ȑʳጕຯλޑႝགځᒡጕ໔ޑϕགၨமǴڀԖၨεޑႝགॶǴӢ
Ԝᕇள࣬ӕႝགॶޑᕴߏᕭอǴԶ෧ϿߎឦཞRǴቚуႝག QॶǶ
Ȑ3ȑʳਥᏵႝᅶኳᔕޑ่݀Ǵനϣ୮ႝࢬཱུᆄޑϩթܭϣ୮ᒡጕ ޑᜐጔǴቚуߎឦཞΔ٬ளфቚуǴफ़ե Q ॶǶ೯த ϣ৩ࣁᒡጕቨޑ 5 ७ǴёᗉխॊޑલᗺǶ
Ȑ4ȑʳᓎѸीӧӅਁᓎϐᆶ Qmax ޑߕ߈Ƕ
3.4.2
ጠӝႝག
ऩ٬ҔεགॶޑႝགਔǴѸ٬ҔεޑႝགթֽǴ೭ஒ٬ளႝ
ག՞Ᏽ IC ޑεϩय़ᑈǴҗܭ IC य़ᑈκβκߎǴ܌аႝགޑႝၡթ
ֽΨࢂѸԵໆޑǶךॺёаճҔ IC ޑᇙำБԄǴӵკ 3.26 ܌ҢǴ ஒٿঁႝགϕ࣬୴᠄Ȑጠӝႝགȑаቚуႝགޑགॶᆶ Q ॶǶ
კ 3.26 ጠӝႝག!
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 36
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 37
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 38
კ 3.29 ࣁٿঁጕ୮ႝགՍௗޑҢཀკǴځύଷ Coil 1 ޑጕ୮ ႔ኧࣁN1ǴCoil 2ޑጕ୮႔ኧࣁN2ǴCoil 1 Ӣႝࢬ I ܌ౢғޑႝ೯ஏ ࡋࣁB11ǴCoil 2Ӣႝࢬ I ܌ౢғޑႝ೯ஏࡋࣁB22Ǵጕ୮ Coil 1 ౢғޑ ᅶ೯ஏࡋၸጕ୮ Coil 2 ࣁB21Ǵጕ୮ Coil 2 ౢғޑᅶ೯ஏࡋၸጕ ୮ Coil 1 ࣁB12Ƕ
ਥᏵႝᅶᏢޑ୷ҁۓёޕǴጕ୮ޑᅶ೯ஏࡋᆶጕ୮႔ኧԋ҅
КǴЪٿঁጕ୮ޑ࣬ჹଽӝ߯ኧ࣬Ǵ߾ёளǺ
11 1
22 2
B N
B N Ȑ3.38ȑ კ 3.28 ୴᠄ႝག
კ 3.29 ٿঁጕ୮ႝགՍௗ
N1 N2
B11 B12 B21 B21
21 1 11
B K B B12 K2B22
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 39
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 40
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 41
3.5 ጠӝႝགৡ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔ
3.5.1
ႝၡচϷࢎᄬ
ךॺԜԛ٬ҔGCT 2.0 um InGap/GaAs HBTޑᇙำٰჴጠӝႝ
གৡ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔႝၡȐCoupled Inductor Differential Phase Voltage Controlled OscillatorȑǶHBTޑᇙำ࣬ၨܭCMOSᇙำמೌԶق Ԗၨӳޑ๊ጔ୷݈ǵаϷၨଯޑᄒЗᓎᆶਁᕏᓎǶ
ճҔ Crossed-Coupled Pair ޑࢎᄬٰीਁᕏᏔႝၡਔǴऩ аӣБԄٰϩᜪǴёϩࣁ
1.ޔௗӣǴკ 3.30Ȑaȑ܌ҢǶ
2.ճҔႝբӣǴკ 3.30Ȑbȑ܌ҢǶ
კ 3.30 Crossed-Coupled Pair ᓸਁᕏᏔǺ ȐaȑޔௗӣǶȐbȑႝӣǶ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 42
௦ҔȨޔௗӣȩࢎᄬਔǴऩਁᕏᏔޑᒡрਁ൯ၸεਔǴԋ
୷ཱུ-ཱུௗय़ୃǴΕႫکǴԶߚךॺགྷाୃރᄊޑЬǴ
܌аځᒡрႝᓸਁ൯ஒԜ୷ཱུ-ཱུޑௗय़܌ज़ڋՐǶԶऩ௦Ҕ
ಃΒᅿȨႝӣȩϐႝၡਔǴԜਔᗨёаஒ୷ཱུޑႝᓸୃᓸӧႝ
ᡏޑЬǴԶׯ๓Ӣ୷ཱུ-ཱུௗय़ୃ܌ԋޑਁ൯ज़ڋǶՠࣁ ΑٛЗᓎૻဦอၡԿӦǴԜႝၡࢎᄬѸӧ୷ཱུуΕঁଯߔלޑ ϡҹٰගٮୃᓸǴԶԜϡҹ೯தࣁႝߔ܈ࢂႝགǴ٬Ҕႝߔբୃᓸ ਔǴႝߔ܌ԋᚇૻஒ٬ள࣬Տᚇૻᡂৡǹऩ٬ҔႝགǴ߾εε ޑቚуႝၡޑय़ᑈǶӢԜǴࣁΑׯ๓ॊٿᅿࢎᄬޑલᗺǴךॺԜԛ
ीޑӣࢎᄬǴࢂճҔȨጠӝႝགጠӝӣȩٰी೭ԛޑᓸਁ
ᕏᏔǶ
კ 3.31 ጠӝႝགӣᓸਁᕏᏔ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 43
ךॺԜԛीޑȨጠӝႝགᓸԄਁᕏᏔȩӵკ 3.31 ܌ҢǴԜ
ीӕኬΨ௦Ҕ Crossed-Coupled Pair ޑਁᕏᏔࢎᄬǴ࣬ၨа۳όӕ ޑӦБࢂǴךॺஒճҔጠӝႝགբࣁӣޑၡ৩ǶԶচࢂஒךॺ܌
ाޑӣૻဦǴၸႝགޑጠӝӣډᒡΕᆄǶԜࢎᄬ࣬ၨȨޔௗӣȩ ޑӳೀࢂǺᒡрႝᓸޑਁ൯όӢ୷ཱུ-ཱུௗय़܌ज़ڋǴёᕇளၨ
εᒡрਁ൯ǹคሡ٬Ҕୃᓸႝߔ܈ࢂႝགǴёׯ๓࣬Տᚇૻ܈ࢂႝၡ य़ᑈǹҗ 3.4.2 ёޕǴ٬ҔጠӝႝགࢎᄬΨёаቚуႝག Q ॶǶ
ՠҗܭ HBT ᇙำѝૈճҔٿቫߎឦٰᙅጕǴ܌аाीԋ୴᠄
Ԅޑጠӝႝག࣬όܰǴӢԜךॺճҔਸޑᙅጕБݤǴٰၲԋѝճ ҔٿቫߎឦǴ൩ёी୴᠄ጠӝႝགϐႝၡǴӵკ 3.32 ܌ҢǶԶ კ 3.33 ࣁճҔ IE3D ޑኳᔕ่݀Ƕ
კ 3.32 ጠӝႝགϐႝၡթֽǺȐaȑߎឦ ቫǶȐbȑߎឦቫΒǶ
Ȑaȑ Ȑbȑ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 44
კ 3.34 ࣁৡ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔޑႝၡკǴх֖ΑᓸਁᕏᏔЬ ᡏႝၡǵፂભႝၡᆶႝࢬ᜔ႝၡǶ
კ 3.33 ճҔ IE3D ኳᔕጠӝႝགǺȐaȑኳᔕკǶ Ȑbȑኳᔕ่݀Ƕ
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 10
-20 -15 -10 -5
-25 0
freq, GHz
dB(S(1,1))dB(S(2,1))dB(S(3,1))dB(S(4,1))
Ȑaȑ Ȑbȑ
კ 3.34 ጠӝႝགৡ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔႝၡ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 45
3.5.2
ໆෳ่݀
Ԝԛ٬Ҕ Board Level ޑБԄໆෳጠӝႝགৡ࣬Տᓸਁᕏ ᏔǴୃᓸ٬Ҕѱ୧ޑᡵ܄ႝԣǶ
კ 3.35 ጠӝႝགৡ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔ Die Photo
კ 3.36 Board Level ໆෳ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 46
კ 3.37 ᓎᆶфໆෳ่݀
კ 3.38 ࣬Տᚇૻໆෳ่݀
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 47
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 48
߄ 3.2 ጠӝႝགৡ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔೕ
Items Measurement Result Frequency 6.02GHz ~ 6.22GHz
Bias Voltage Vcc=6V , Vmirror=6.27V , Vb=2.45
Current(core+buffer) 8.1 mA Vtune Voltage 0V ~ 5V
Tuning Range 200 MHz
KVCO 40 MHz/V
Output Power -8.2 dBm
Phase Noise -110.22dBc/Hz@1MHz Die Size 1000um X 1000um
߄ 3.2 ࣁጠӝႝགৡ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔϐೕǴਁᕏᓎࣁ 6.02GHz ~ 6.22GHzǵᒡрф-8.2 dBmǵёፓጄൎԖ 200 MHzǴ࣬Տ ᚇૻӧ 1MHz offset ࣁ-110.22dBc/HzǶӢԜךॺԋфჴΑጠӝႝག ৡ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔޑႝၡीǶ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 49
3.6 ጠӝႝག҅Ҭ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔ
3.6.1
ႝၡচϷࢎᄬ
ךॺԜԛ٬ҔGCT 2.0 um InGap/GaAs HBTޑᇙำٰჴጠӝႝ
ག҅Ҭ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔȐCoupled Inductor Quadrature Phase Voltage Controlled OscillatorȑǶHBTޑᇙำ࣬ၨܭCMOSᇙำמೌԶقԖၨӳ ޑ๊ጔ୷݈ǵаϷၨଯޑᄒЗᓎᆶਁᕏᓎǶ
ଷਁᕏᏔӵკ 3.41Ȑaȑ܌ҢǴQ1 Ϸ Q2 ࣁጠӝҔޑϡҹǴQ3 Ϸ Q4 ࣁਁᕏᏔਡЈႝၡǶკ 3.41Ȑbȑࣁკ 3.41Ȑaȑϐλૻဦਏ ኳࠠǴځύ Gm ࢂҗ Q1 ک Q2 ৡჹ܌ԋǹ-R ࣁ Q3ǵQ4 ౢғޑ
ॄႝߔǴZt ߾ࣁ LC tank ϐߔלǶ
კ 3.41 ȐaȑݙΕૻဦܭਁᕏᏔǶ Ȑbȑλૻဦኳࠠ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 50
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 51
ଷV1ᆶV2όܭ႟Ǵ٠ஒΰ3.53αᆶΰ3.54αΒԄ࣬ନǴёளǺ
2 2
1 1 2 2 0
m m
G V G V ΰ3.55α
Gm1 Gm2ਔǴ߾V1 rV2
Gm1 Gm2ਔǴ߾V1 rjV2
җॊፕޑ่݀ёޕǴऩஒٿਁᕏᏔϸ࣬ጠӝǴ߾ёаளډѤ
ঁ࣬ՏޑᒡрǴջёளѤঁ࣬ՏӚৡ 90 ࡋޑߞဦǶጠӝႝག҅Ҭ࣬
ՏᓸਁᕏᏔޑਡЈႝၡᆶ 3.6 ϐጠӝႝགৡ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔ࣬
ӕǴӵკ 3.31 ܌ҢǶ
კ 3.44 ࣁ҅Ҭ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔޑႝၡკǴх֖ΑᓸਁᕏᏔЬ ᡏႝၡǵፂભႝၡᆶႝࢬ᜔ႝၡǶ
კ 3.44 ጠӝႝག҅Ҭ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔႝၡ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 52
3.6.2
ໆෳ่݀
Ԝԛ٬Ҕ Board Level ޑБԄໆෳጠӝႝག҅Ҭ࣬Տᓸਁᕏ ᏔǴୃᓸ٬Ҕѱ୧ޑᡵ܄ႝԣǶ
კ 3.45 ጠӝႝག҅Ҭ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔႝၡ Die Photo
კ 3.46 Board Level ໆෳ
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 53
კ 3.47 ᓎᆶфໆෳ่݀
კ 3.48 ࣬Տᚇૻໆෳ่݀
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 54
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 55
߄ 3.3 ጠӝႝག҅Ҭ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔೕ
Items Measurement Result Frequency 5.41GHz ~ 5.53GHz
Bias Voltage Vcc(core)=4V ,Vcc(buffer)=4.2V ,Vmirror=4.9V ,Vb=2.5
Current(core) 3.2 mA
Current(buffer) 16.7 mA Vtune Voltage 0V ~ 4V
Tuning Range 120 MHz
KVCO 30 MHz/V
Output Power -3.5 dBm
Phase Noise -108.92dBc/Hz@1MHz Die Size 1500um X 1000um
߄ 3.3 ࣁጠӝႝག҅Ҭ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔϐೕǴਁᕏᓎࣁ 5.41GHz ~ 5.53GHzǵᒡрф-3.5 dBmǵёፓጄൎԖ 120 MHzǴ࣬Տ ᚇૻӧ 1MHz offset ࣁ-108.92dBc/HzǵᓸਁᕏᏔޑਡЈႝၡфཞ
ࣁ 12.8mWǶӢԜךॺԋфჴΑጠӝႝགৡ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔޑ
offset osc offset diss
FOM Phase Noise F F P mW ΰ3.56α
ಃΟക ጠӝႝགᓸᕏᏔ 56
߄ 3.4 යтፕЎϐКၨ
Items Freq Power Phase Noise [1] InGaP/GaAs 5.51GHz -13dBm -89.72dBc/Hz@100KHz
[2] InGaP/GaAs 4.39GHz -2dBm -117.8 dBc/Hz@1MHz [3] SiGe 4.975GHz -3.5dBm -103 dBc/Hz@1MHz [4] SiGe 5GHz -13dBm -98 dBc/Hz@100KHz
[5] 0.18um CMOS 5.5GHz -11.8 dBm -115 dBc/Hz@1MHz [6] Si BJT 5.8GHz -11dBm -105 dBc/Hz@3MHz [7] Si BJT 1.96GHz -8dBm -102 dBc/Hz@100KHz This WorkȐ1ȑ 6.2GHz -8.2dBm -110 dBc/Hz@1MHz This WorkȐ2ȑ 5.5GHz -3.5dBm -109 dBc/Hz@1MHz
߄ 3.5 යтፕЎϐКၨȐFOMȑ
Items FOM [1] InGaP/GaAs -165.3dBc/Hz
[2] InGaP/GaAs -179.6 dBc/Hz [3] SiGe -160 dBc/Hz [4] SiGe -180.2 dBc/Hz
[5] 0.18um CMOS -185.2 dBc/Hz [6] Si BJT -156.1 dBc/Hz [7] Si BJT -172.8 dBc/Hz This WorkȐ1ȑ -170.8 dBc/Hz This WorkȐ2ȑ -172.1 dBc/Hz
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 57
ಃѤക
ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 58
ጕԄޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔȐMicrostrip Line Type Gap Coupled Filter AmplifierȑǵӅӅѳय़ݢᏤԄޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔȐCoplanar Waveguide Type Gap Coupled Filter AmplifierȑǶ
4.2 ߔלᙯඤᘠݢᏔ
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 59
Զךॺ٬Ҕ༾ݢሦୱதҔޑ Insertion loss БݤٰᏤᘠݢᏔޑ
ीǴԶۓကPLRࣁǺ!
2
1
LR 1
Power available from source
P Power delivered from load * Z ΰ4.3α
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 60
ΞΒ໘ Chebyshev ޑ Insertion loss ӭԄࣁǺ
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 61
ऩଷკ 4.2Ȑaȑᆶკ 4.2Ȑeȑႝၡਏ࣬Ǵ߾ёளډ J-Inverter ᆶΒ໘ե೯ᘠݢᏔྗᚉϐgnޑᜢ߯ԄǺ!
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 62
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 63
ӢԜǴճҔΰ4.9α~ΰ4.11αԄёᕇளΒ໘ե೯ᘠݢᏔྗᚉ
ϐgnΔӧճҔΰ4.22α~ΰ4.24αԄள J-Inverter ϐॶǴനࡕճҔΰ4.25α
~ΰ4.30αёளډޜጠӝᘠݢᏔ܌ሡޑႝॶᆶᒡጕߏࡋǴךॺ ߡёаीঁߔלᙯඤޑᘠݢᏔǶ
4.3 ༾ጕԄޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ
4.3.1
ႝၡচϷࢎᄬ
ޑфܫεᏔႝၡύǴӧᒡрᆄᆶᒡΕᆄѦௗঁ೯ᘠ ݢᏔǴаၸᘠᓎϐѦޑᚇૻૻဦǶՠ೯தԜѦௗᘠݢᏔ٠ߚൂ
ТϯǴԶࢂᇙբӧ݈ηǴ೭ஒ٬ளᡏႝၡ࣬ᚳεǴӢԜऩஒ ᘠݢᏔႝၡΕܭТύǴ߾ёεε෧Ͽᓎႝၡޑय़ᑈǶӢԶǴך ॺीΑঁа༾ጕࣁЬޑфܫεᏔǴ٠ஒ೯ᘠݢᏔӝܭᑈ ᡏႝၡύǴаᕭλᡏႝၡޑय़ᑈǶკ 4.3 ࣁᡏႝၡҢཀკǶ
ܫεᏔޑႝၡϩǴ٬ҔٿભޑႝၡࢎᄬǴځύಃભࣁ០
ભǴ௦ҔѤਥ႔ཱུޑႝᡏǴԶ႔ཱུቨࡋࣁ 75umǶಃΒભޑфܫ εભǴ௦ҔΖਥ႔ཱུޑႝᡏǴځ႔ཱུቨࡋࣁ 75umǶ
კ 4.3 ೯ܫεᏔҢཀკ
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 64
೯ᘠݢᏔޑϩǴךॺ٬Ҕ Gap Coupled Filter ޑᘠݢᏔी
ࢎᄬǶԜѦǴࣁΑ෧Ͽߔלϰଛޑय़ᑈǴךॺஒעᘠݢᏔຎࣁߔלϰ ଛႝၡޑҽǴीঁڀԖߔלᙯඤфૈޑ೯ᘠݢᏔǶҗܭ
ϞᘠݢᏔޑीፕǴࢂа 50 ኻۅ೯ૻسբࣁԵໆǴ܌а
ᘠݢᏔीፕคݤၲډߔלᙯඤޑфૈǴӢԜךॺճҔ 4.2
Ꮴрޑ่݀ǴीঁߔלᙯඤᘠݢᏔբࣁϰଛႝၡޑҽǶკ 4.4ࣁޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔޑႝၡკǶ
კ 4.4 ༾ጕԄޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ
კ 4.5 ༾ጕԄޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔϐႝၡթֽ
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 65
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 66
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 67
m1Pin=
Pout_Fund_EXT=21.53615.500 m1
m1indep(m1)=
plot_vs(Pout_dbm[::,1], power)=14.0428.500 m1
კ 4.10 IIP3 ኳᔕ
კ 4.11 P1dB
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 68
߄ 4.1 ༾ጕԄޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔೕ
Item Spec Supply Voltage Vds1=3 V, Vds2=3V, Vgs1=-0.5 Vgs2=-0.5
Current 72 mA+ 150mA = 222mA
frequency 60GHz Linear Power Gain 7.4dB
P1dB 14dBm OIP3 21.5dBm Die size 3000 um × 1000 um
߄ 4.1 ࣁ༾ጕԄޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔೕǴጕ܄ቚࣁ 7.4dBǵP1dB ᗺࣁ 14dBmǵOIP3 ᗺࣁ 21.5dBmǶ
4.4 Ӆѳय़ݢᏤԄޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 69
კ 4.12 ೯ܫεᏔҢཀკ
კ 4.14 Ӆѳय़ݢᏤԄޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔϐႝၡթֽ
კ 4.13 Ӆѳय़ݢᏤԄޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 70
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 71
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 72
m1Pin=
Pout_Fund_EXT=22.36917.000 m1
!
!
m3indep(m3)=
plot_vs(Pout_dbm[::,1], power)=14.49010.000
m2power=
mag(Gain)=4.69010.000
m3
m2
!
!
!
კ 4.19 IIP3 ኳᔕ
კ 4.20 P1dB ኳᔕ
ಃѤക ޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔ 73
߄ 4.2 Ӆѳय़ݢᏤԄޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔೕ
Item Spec Supply Voltage Vds1=3 V, Vds2=3V, Vgs1=-0.5 Vgs2=-0.5
Current 72 mA+ 150mA = 222mA
frequency 60GHz Linear Power Gain 6.8dB
P1dB 14.5dBm OIP3 22.6dBm Die size 3000 um × 1000 um
߄ 4.2 ࣁӅѳय़ݢᏤԄޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔೕǴጕ܄ቚࣁ 6.8dBǵ P1dBᗺࣁ 14.5dBmǵOIP3 ᗺࣁ 22.6dBmǶ
ಃϖക ่ፕ 74
ಃϖക
่ፕ
ಃϖക ่ፕ 75
ҁፕЎճҔ GCT 2.0 um InGap/GaAs HBT ϐᇙำǴჴΑጠӝ
ႝགৡ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔᆶጠӝႝག҅Ҭ࣬ՏᓸਁᕏᏔǴᗨฅਁ
ᕏᏔޑ࣬ՏᚇૻǵᒡрфᆶϞว߄ޑයтፕЎ࣬КǴ٠ߚࢂന ӳޑǴՠ൩ InGap/GaAs HBT ϐᇙำٰᇥǴࠅࢂόᒱޑ߄ǶԶ҅Ҭ
࣬Տޑфᒡрၨৡ࣬ՏϐଯǴࢂӢࣁࡕٰीޑ҅Ҭ࣬Տਁᕏ ᏔϐፂભᆶϐीޑόӕǴךॺуεΑፂભޑႝࢬǴ٬ளᒡ рߔלᡂλǴӢԜૻဦૈճᒡрԿໆෳᆄǴᕇளၨεޑфǴ ჴሞǴషᓎᏔޑҁӦਁᕏᏔϐᒡΕᆄǴ൩ࢂঁଯߔלޑᒡΕᆄǴ
٬ளਁᕏᏔૻဦૈଌԿషᓎᏔǶԶךॺΨԋфᡍճҔႝགጠ ӝբࣁӣၡ৩ޑёՉ܄ǴԋфჴΑጠӝႝགਁᕏᏔǴёբࣁВ ࡕीਁᕏᏔࢎᄬޑୖԵǶԶޜሜᘠݢܫεᏔБय़Ǵᗨฅᗋ҂ᕇள നࡕޑໆෳ่݀ǴόၸҁፕЎගٮΑߔלᙯඤᘠݢᏔޑीБݤᆶ
ीࢬำǴёբࣁВࡕीᘠݢᏔϐୖԵǶ
ಃϖക ่ፕ 76
ߕᒵ A
ߔלᙯඤᘠݢᏔϐ Matlab ำԄ
ಃϖക ่ፕ 77
fprintf ('** STEP1 "ᒡΕ Z1" **')
fprintf ('** STEP2 "ׯ L*C ޑॶ" "ׯ R ॶ" "ׯဦѓᜐॶ" **') fprintf ('** STEP3 "ᒡΕ gn" **')
Z=50;
Z1=9.05; % STEP1 R=Z/Z1
K=((1-R)^2/(4*R))^0.5;
LC=4*K/(R^0.5)
A=2*LC*R^2-16*K^2*R
[L,C] = solve('L*C=1.6380','(5.5249*C)^2+L^2=18.0994'); % STEP2 G0=1
G1=C G2=L G3=R
g0=1; % STEP3 g1=3.008279;
g2=0.5444948;
g3=5.5249;
ಃϖക ่ፕ 78
ୖԵЎ
[1] Shih-An Yu; Chin-Chun Meng; Shey-Shi Lu, “A 5.7 GHz interpolative VCO using InGaP/GaAs HBT technology,” Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,
IEEE [see also IEEE Microwave and Guided Wave Letters] , Volume: 12 , Issue:
2 , Feb. 2002
[2] Yunseong Eo; Keechul Kim; Byungdu Oh, “Low noise 5 GHz differential VCO using InGaP/GaAs HBT technology,” Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,
IEEE [see also IEEE Microwave and Guided Wave Letters] , Volume: 13 , Issue:
7 , July 2003
[3] Grau, G.; Langmann, U.; Winkler, W.; Knoll, D.; Osten, J.; Pressel, K.,
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