ҳ ࢇ ݽ σ Ᏸ
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ŏ Ţ ŵŪŰ ůŢ
ŭġń ũ ŦůŨŤũŪ Ŗ ůŪ ŷŦ ųŴ Ūŵ ź
ಃ
ಃϖക ࣴز่ፕᆶࡌ
ಃ ࣴز่ፕ
ǵޣޑሽ௵གࡋǵߞҺᆶԾךਏૈჹၠნᆛᖼᖼວཀკڀᡉ
ቹៜ
ҁࣴزวୃӳեሽࠔޑޣǴՉၠნᆛᖼϐᖼວཀკҭၨଯǴԜ
วёჴޣୃӳၸၠნᆛᖼଓཇեޑࠔሽǶႝη୍ύӵՖࡌҥ ວ፤ᜢ߯ϐ໔ޑߞҺǴҭࢂख़ाᚒϐǴޣߞҺၠნᆛᖼѳѠޑำࡋǴჹ ᖼວཀკڀԖᡉቹៜǶҗܭၠნᆛᖼࢬำКଆნϣᆛᖼ೯தၨࣁፄᚇǴࣴز่
݀ҭᡉҢޣޑԾךਏૈำࡋჹᖼວཀკҭڀԖᡉቹៜǶᘜᜪӧວৎӢનύ ޑঁΓബཥ܄ǴҗܭᚒϸࢀޑࢂளϩཇଯǴཇჹബཥ٣ނևԖ܌ߥ੮ޑᄊ ࡋǴӢԜၡ৩߯ኧևॄӛǴᗨ҂ၲᡉНྗǴԜϩکҁࣴزޑႣය࣬಄Ƕ
ΒǵᖼނБߡ܄ᆶࠔሽჹၠნᆛᖼᖼວཀკڀᡉቹៜ
ҁࣴزวᖼނБߡ܄ǵࠔሽჹၠნᆛᖼᖼວཀკڀᡉቹៜǴፕр
ޣऩՉၠნᆛᖼࣁԾρٰ׳ӳޑᖼނਏǴ߾ᖼວཀკཇଯǴќБ य़ǴऩޣᇡࣁՉၠნᆛᖼࢂᡣ׳ࣁӊᆉޑҬܰБԄǴ߾ᖼວཀკҭཇ ଯǶᘜᜪࣁ፤ৎӢનޑᆛઠࠔ፦Ϸࠔёள܄Ǵჹᖼວཀკޑቹៜ҂ၲᡉНྗǴ
ΟǵޗဂӢનჹၠნᆛᖼᖼວཀკคᡉቹៜ
ҁࣴزύӅᘜયрΟᅿޗဂӢનǺຝǵೕጄߞۺᆶޗᇡӕǴԶᔠෳ่݀
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ҳ ࢇ ݽ σ Ᏸ
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ŏ Ţ ŵŪŰ ůŢ
ŭġń ũ ŦůŨŤũŪ Ŗ ůŪ ŷŦ ųŴ Ūŵ ź
ჹܭুࠠᖼނᏤӛၨଯޑޣǴځჹၠნᆛᖼޑߞҺϷᇟقٰྍ୯ਏᔈ ჹᖼວཀᜫࣣڀԖᡉቹៜǴԶჹܭख़ຎҞޑޣ߾คᡉǴҁࣴزፕख़ ຎᖼނ፪ޑޣǴჹ၀ѳѠᆛઠ๏ԾρޑགڙᆶӼӄགǴၨځдޣࣁ ଯǴԶҞࠠᖼނᏤӛϐޣၨόڙԜӢનቹៜځᖼວཀკǶ
ಃ
ಃΒ ࣴزཀ఼ᆶଅ
ǵᏢೌଅ
ҁࣴز၂კаӭБفࡋᘜયቹៜޣཀკϐӢનǴ٠ஒၸѐᏢޣ܌ගޑᄬ ۺǴܭၠნᆛᖼნύуаᡍǴЪќѦஒѱፓதـޑୢڔϣՉᏹբ ϯǴаᏢೌࣴزБԄуаჴǴٯӵၗȐ2013ȑჹၠნᆛᖼ܌ޑፓ
ύǴҁࣴز၂კुۓȨࠔёள܄ȩϐᄬۺǴКྣޣၠნᆛᖼޑᐒࢂȨё аڗள୯ϣؒԖޑࠔȩǶࣴز่݀ᡉҢѠӦޣՉၠნᆛᖼǴեሽǵ ӝޑࠔ܄ሽКࢂΜϩܴᡉޑ،ۓӢનǴၠნᆛᖼѳѠޑᖼނБߡ܄ҭࢂΜϩ ख़ाޑӢનǶ
ҁࣴزޑќଅࣁஒᇟقٰྍ୯ਏᔈܭၠნᆛᖼნǴӧᔠຎፓਏ݀
ਔǴჴᇟقٰྍ୯ਏᔈჹۓޣϐၠნᆛᖼཀკڀԖᡉቹៜǶҞǴᇟ قٰྍ୯ਏᔈϐ࣬ᜢࣴزࣗϿǴԶၠნᆛᖼѳѠ܌٬ҔޑᇟقǴࢂҁࣴزΜϩག ᑫ፪ޑӢનϐǴࣴز่݀ᘉΑٰྍ୯ਏᔈޑय़ӛǴϷճҔᇟقٰྍ୯ਏᔈ
ՉჴቻࣴزǴЪၸԜཥޑཷۺǴёᘉཥޑႝη୍ࣴزሦୱǶ
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ŭġń ũ ŦůŨŤũŪ Ŗ ůŪ ŷŦ ųŴ Ūŵ ź
Ο
Οǵୢڔᚒཀ߄ၲ!
ҁࣴزᗨςၸৎঅׯҔӷаዴߥϣਏࡋǴϝวԖϩୢڔ༤เޣǴ ᇡࣁ٬ҔӚᅿόӕၠნᆛᖼѳѠགڙᄒฅόӕǴനࡕаѳ֡ӑຝֹԋ༤เǴ܈ࢂ
ᇡࣁᚒҞ௶ॊύȨനத٬ҔޑၠნᆛᖼѳѠȩόѝঁǶӧ҂ٰࣴزύёૈሡा
੮ཀԜᜪᚒཀ߄ၲޑပৡǴᙖаၲډ׳ӳޑࣴزࠔ፦Ƕ
ಃѤ ҂ٰࣴزࡌ
ҁࣴزჹ҂ٰࣴزϐࡌӈᖐӵΠǺ
ǵᕵೣ܄ࣴز
ҁࣴزᢀჸ༤เޣ٬ҔၠნᆛᖼޑᓎǴวѝ٬Ҕၸԛၠნᆛᖼޑ༤เ ޣ՞ኬҁޑ14.05%ǴҗܭѝᖼວၸԛǴځ҂ٰࢂցӆԛ٬ҔॶளᜢݙǴӢԜ ҁࣴزࡌёـ႖ࢤਔ໔ࡕჹ࣬ӕޑ༤เޣӆԛՉፓǴаᢀჸޣӧ
ۓਔ໔໔႖ΠޑᡂϯǴа׳ࣁుΕቹៜᖼວཀკӢનϐख़ा܄Ƕ
Βǵౢࠔᜪࠠᆶᐒ
ҁࣴزஒౢࠔᜪࠠҔܭፓਏ݀ᔠෳϐҔǴ҂ుΕޣᖼວౢࠔޑ
ᐒǴҁࣴزࡌ҂ٰёаNelsonȐ1970ȑǵDarby ᆶ KarniȐ1973ȑ٩Ᏽᖼނሽ ॶ܌ϩᜪޑౢࠔᅿᜪǴჹޣၸၠნᆛᖼ܌ᖼວޑౢࠔᅿᜪՉ׳ࣁుΕޑ
Ƕ
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ጰےᓄȐ2009ȑǴவऍ୯ PayPal ᡍᆶኻ࿉Ѝб୍ܺࡰзፕך୯ಃΟБЍбܺ
୍ϐރᆶ҂ٰǴࣽמݤࡓǴಃΒΜڔǴಃΜයǴ।47-64Ƕ
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ŭġń ũ ŦůŨŤũŪġŖ ůŪ ŷŦ ųŴ Ūŵ ź
ߕ
ߕᒵ ୢڔӄЎ
ாӳǺ
! ! Ԝҽୢڔࣁ୯ҥࡹݯεᏢၗૻᆅᏢس܌ՉϐࣴزǴҞޑࣁΑှȨቹៜ
ޣၠნᆛᖼ٬ҔཀკϐӢનȩǴாගٮޑ܌ԖၗૻբࣁᏢೌࣴز٬ҔǴ
๊όќдҔǶா܌ӣเޑᚒჹךॺٰᇥߚதख़ाǴལፎऐЈ༤เǴག ᖴாޑᝊཀـǴལઔ!
يᡏ଼ந! ٣ӵཀ
୯ҥࡹݯεᏢၗૻᆅᏢسᅺγ
ࡰᏤԴৣǺԖϘ௲
ࣴزғǺ⣼
ᇥܴǺ
ȨၠნᆛᖼȩࢂࡰாՉᆛၡᖼނਔǴࠔϐࢬӛၠຫঁ܈аϐ୯ࣚǴջ
ࠔଌрϐӦᗺکாԏډࠔϐӦᗺϩೀόӕ୯ࣚϐϣǶ ༤ቪୢڔਔǴፎਥᏵா٬ҔȨၠნᆛᖼȩϐᡍٰՉբเǺ
୷ҁၗ
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ɍ଼நߥ଼ ɍৎႝ ɍႝတ೬ᡏ ɍኧՏϣ ɍځдǺ________________
ಃϩǺၠნᆛᖼᖼວཀკ
7. ԜϩགྷΑှா҂ٰࢂցᗋՉၠნᆛᖼǶፎຑாӕཀ၀௶ॊޑำࡋ
ٰՉբเǴ1 ߄ҢȨߚதόӕཀȩǴ7 ߄ҢȨߚதӕཀȩǺ
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ŭġń ũ ŦůŨŤũŪġŖ ůŪ ŷŦ ųŴ Ūŵ ź
! 7-1ǸךѺᆉӆԛ٬ҔၠნᆛᖼѳѠᖼނ
! 7-2ǸךёૈӆԛᘤំၠნᆛᖼѳѠ
! 7-3Ǹך҂ٰத٬ҔၠნᆛᖼѳѠᖼނ
! 7-4Ǹך҂ٰᝩុ٬ҔၠნᆛᖼѳѠᖼނ
ಃΒϩǺວৎӢન
ԜϩགྷΑှாჹܭၠნᆛᖼԜՉࣁǴаϷாՉᖼނਔޑགྷݤǶ
ፎຑாӕཀ၀௶ॊޑำࡋٰՉբเǴ1 ߄ҢȨߚதόӕཀȩǴ7 ߄ҢȨߚத ӕཀȩǺ
8. ᜢܭாᖼނޑୃӳǴፎຑჹΠӈ௶ॊޑӕཀำࡋǺ
z Չၠნᆛᖼჹךٰᇥࢂඍ৹ޑᡍ
z ՉၠნᆛᖼਔǴך೯தѝວሽύޑࠔ z ךՉၠნᆛᖼதᖼວၨߡەޑࠔ
z ךགྷाၠნᆛᖼࢌҹࠔ܈୍ܺਔǴך׆ఈҥڅ൩ૈວډ z ך഻ډೀᘤំၠნᆛᖼࠔ
z ךததԏᜢܭၠნᆛᖼࠔሽޑၗૻ
z ၠნᆛᖼਔ࣪ਔ໔ჹךٰᇥࢂߚதख़ाޑ z ၠნᆛᖼਔךவ҂གډค፪
z ՉၠნᆛᖼਔǴךதזೲӦֹԋᖼނࢬำ
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ŭġń ũ ŦůŨŤũŪġŖ ůŪ ŷŦ ųŴ Ūŵ ź
9. ᜢܭாჹၠნᆛᖼѳѠޑགྷݤǴፎຑாჹΠӈ௶ॊޑӕཀำࡋǺ
! 9-1Ǹၠნᆛᖼ۫ࢂ၈ჴޑ
! 9-2ǸၠნᆛᖼѳѠૈቬՉ܌ගٮޑߥ
! 9-3ǸၠნᆛᖼѳѠख़ຎ៝࠼ޑ
! 9-4ǸၠნᆛᖼࢂॶளߞҺޑ
10. ፎຑாჹΠӈ௶ॊޑӕཀำࡋǺ
! 10-1ǸჹܭௗڙཥޑᖼނБԄӵၠნᆛᖼǴךࡐᙣλЈ
! 10-2ǸǷӧԵቾ٬ҔၠნᖼނϐǴךѸӃ࣮ډдΓ٬Ҕ
! 10-3Ǹჹܭၠნᖼނਔ࿘ډୢᚒǴךགڙډࡷᏯ
! 10-4ǸՉၠნᖼނਔǴߥࡘԵᆶՉࣁޑচബ܄Ǵ٬ךགډڈᐟ
11. ᜢܭாՉၠნᆛᖼޑǴፎຑாჹΠӈ௶ॊޑӕཀำࡋǺ
! 11-1ǸՉၠნᖼނਔǴךԖߞЈૈճҔጕၗྍᕇள࣬ᜢޑၗૻ
! 11-2ǸךԖߞЈૈவၠნᆛᖼѳѠྗዴӦᖼວډךགྷाޑࠔ
! 11-3ǸךԖߞЈૈᐱԾೀၠნᆛᖼόճޑୢᚒ
! 11-4ǸךԖߞЈૈ٩ᏵҔЊຑሽٰ൨פॶளߞҺޑၠნᆛᖼѳѠ
! 11-5Ǹջ٬ؒԖдΓӧڐշǴךΨૈᐱҥֹԋၠნᆛᖼ
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ŏ Ţ ŵŪŰ ůŢ
ŭġń ũ ŦůŨŤũŪġŖ ůŪ ŷŦ ųŴ Ūŵ ź
ಃΟϩǺ፤ৎӢન
ԜϩགྷΑှாჹၠნᆛᖼѳѠȐӵǺAmazonǵిᝊᆛ...ȑޑགྷݤǶ
ፎຑாӕཀ၀௶ॊޑำࡋٰՉբเǴ1 ߄ҢȨߚதόӕཀȩǴ7 ߄ҢȨߚத ӕཀȩǺ
12. ਥᏵாჹၠნᆛᖼѳѠޑ࣮ݤǴፎຑாჹΠӈ௶ॊӕཀޑำࡋǺ
! 12-1ǸၠნᆛᖼѳѠගٮ୯ϣؒԖжޑࠔ
! 12-2ǸၠნᆛᖼѳѠගٮΑ၀୯ᐱԖޑࠔ
! 12-3ǸၠნᆛᖼѳѠගٮεໆޑࠔಔӝ
! 12-4ǸၠნᆛᖼѳѠၨϿрલޑރݩ
! 12-5ǸၠნᆛᖼѳѠගٮ҂ම࣮ၸޑཥౢࠔ
13. ਥᏵாՉၠნᆛᖼਔޑགڙǴፎຑாჹΠӈ௶ॊޑӕཀำࡋǺ
13-1ǸךёаᒿਔᒿӦՉၠნᆛᖼ
13-2ǸՉၠნᆛᖼਔǴךёаܰӦКၨӚᅿౢࠔᒧ
13-3ǸךёаࡐߡճӦֹԋၠნᆛᖼ
13-4ǸՉၠნᆛᖼਔǴךёаܰӦዴᇡࠔٮރᄊ
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ŏ Ţ ŵŪŰ ůŢ
ŭġń ũ ŦůŨŤũŪġŖ ůŪ ŷŦ ųŴ Ūŵ ź
! 14-1-3ǷၠნᆛᖼѳѠૈගٮזೲޑӣᔈ
! 14-1-4ǷၠნᆛᖼѳѠϪඤ।य़ਔࡽԾฅΞёႣෳ
! 14-2-1ǷၠნᆛᖼѳѠගٮΑനཥޑၗૻ
! 14-2-2ǷၠნᆛᖼѳѠගٮΑ҅ዴޑၗૻ
! 14-2-3ǷၠნᆛᖼѳѠගٮΑԖҔޑၗૻ
! 14-2-4ǷၠნᆛᖼѳѠගٮΑֹޑၗૻ
! 14-3-1Ƿך࣬ߞၠნᆛᖼѳѠِೲӦගٮ୍ܺ
! 14-3-2Ƿך࣬ߞၠნᆛᖼѳѠᒿਔᜫཀᔅշ៝࠼
! 14-3-3Ƿך࣬ߞၠნᆛᖼѳѠਥᏵ៝࠼഻ӳٰᙚࠔ
! 14-3-4Ƿך࣬ߞၠნᆛᖼѳѠόӢࣁԆԶ౧۹៝࠼ा
15. ਥᏵாჹၠნᆛᖼࠔޑགྷݤǴፎຑாჹΠӈ௶ॊޑӕཀำࡋǺ
! 15-1Ƿךၠნᆛᖼٰޑࠔ܈୍ܺޑࠔ፦ǴᏱԖଯНྗ
! 15-2ǷჹܭӕኬޑࠔǴၠნᆛᖼѳѠගٮ࣬ჹߡەޑሽ
! 15-3Ƿךၠნᆛᖼٰޑࠔ܈୍ܺǴࢂࡐӊᆉޑ
! 15-4Ƿၠნᆛᖼ٬ךޑ׳Ԗሽॶ
ಃѤҽǺޗဂӢન
ԜϩགྷΑှாჹڬᎁᒃܻӳ϶ޑ࣮ݤǶ
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ŭġń ũ ŦůŨŤũŪġŖ ůŪ ŷŦ ųŴ Ūŵ ź
ᚒҞύ܌ᆀޑȨ܌ឦიᡏȩǴࢂࡰ٬ாགډനԖᘜឦགޑဂΓǴፎᒧঁ
നૈж߄ޑიᡏբࣁ٩ᏵٰӣเаΠୢᚒǶ
ፎຑாӕཀ၀௶ॊޑำࡋٰՉբเǴ1 ߄ҢȨߚதόӕཀȩǴ7 ߄ҢȨߚத ӕཀȩǺ
16. ፎຑாჹΠӈ௶ॊޑӕཀำࡋǺ
16-1Ƿ٬ҔၠნᆛᖼǴቚךӧიᡏύޑຝ
! 16-2ǷӢࣁך٬Ҕၠნᆛᖼ܌аӧך܌ឦޑიᡏύǴךࢂКၨڙख़ຎޑ
! 16-3Ƿӧך܌ឦޑიᡏύǴ٬ҔၠნᆛᖼޑΓഢڙᢋҞ
! 16-4Ƿӧך܌ឦޑიᡏύǴ٬ҔၠნᆛᖼࢂӦՏޑຝቻ
17. ፎຑாჹΠӈ௶ॊޑӕཀำࡋǺ
! 17-1Ƿךޑৎԋᇡࣁךᔈ၀ा٬Ҕၠნᆛᖼ
! 17-2Ƿךޑৎԋᇡࣁךᔈ၀ा٬Ҕၠნᆛᖼ
! 17-3Ƿךޑܻ϶ᇡࣁךᔈ၀ा٬Ҕၠნᆛᖼ
! 17-4ǷૈቹៜךޑΓᇡࣁךᔈ၀ा٬Ҕၠნᆛᖼ
! 17-5Ƿჹךٰᇥࢂख़ाޑΓǴᇡࣁךᔈ၀ा٬Ҕၠნᆛᖼ
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ŏ Ţ ŵŪŰ ůŢ
ŭġń ũ ŦůŨŤũŪġŖ ůŪ ŷŦ ųŴ Ūŵ ź
! 18-3Ƿ٬Ҕၠნᆛᖼቚךჹიᡏޑᘜឦག
! 18-4Ƿ٬ҔၠნᆛᖼᡣךளԾρࢂဂᡏύԖሽॶޑ
ಃϖϩǺᕉნӢન
ԜϩགྷΑှாӧၠნᆛᖼਔǴჹݤೕǵᐒڋᆶЎϯޑགྷݤǶ
ፎຑாӕཀ၀௶ॊޑำࡋٰՉբเǴ1 ߄ҢȨߚதόӕཀȩǴ7 ߄ҢȨߚத ӕཀȩǺ
19. ፎຑΠӈ௶ॊǴ಄ӝாၠნᆛᖼ٬ҔᡍޑำࡋǺ
! 19-1Ƿך٬ҔၸޑၠნᆛᖼѳѠߥ፝ᓭᖼނ܌วғޑߎᒲཞѨ
! 19-2Ƿך٬ҔၸޑၠნᆛᖼѳѠڀԖٛݯທුࡹϐᖂܴ
! 19-3Ƿך٬ҔၸޑၠნᆛᖼѳѠڀԖӝ٬ҔޣঁΓᆶҬܰၗϐᖂܴ
! 19-4Ƿך٬ҔၸޑၠნᆛᖼѳѠԖёߞޑуஏמೌǴᡣךགډҬܰࢂӼӄޑ
! 19-5Ƿך٬ҔၸޑၠნᆛᖼѳѠǴගٮޑߥምᖂܴ٬ךԖӼӄག
20. ᜢܭಃΟБЍбسǴፎຑாჹΠӈ௶ॊޑӕཀำࡋǺ
! 20-1Ƿךᇡࣁ٬ҔಃΟБЍбՉၠნᆛᖼࢂᖃܴޑᒧ
! 20-2Ƿךᇡࣁ٬ҔಃΟБЍбՉၠნᆛᖼࢂзΓඍזޑ
! 20-3ǷךᇡࣁಃΟБЍб٬ၠნᖼނϐߐᘖफ़ե
! 20-4Ƿךᇡࣁ٬ҔಃΟБЍбՉၠნᖼނࢂёߞᒘޑ
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! 20-5ǷךᒧගٮಃΟБЍбޑၠნᆛᖼ۫Չ
21. ਥᏵாനத٬ҔޑၠნᖼނѳѠޑȨᇟقȩǴፎຑாჹΠӈ௶ॊޑӕཀำ ࡋǺ
! 21-1Ƿ٬Ҕ၀ᇟقޑ୯ৎǴΓ҇ᄊࡋπբᇡ
! 21-2Ƿ٬Ҕ၀ᇟقޑ୯ৎǴΓ҇දၹࢂ϶๓ޑ
! 21-3Ƿ٬Ҕ၀ᇟقޑ୯ৎǴᏱԖؼӳޕНྗ
! 21-4Ƿ٬Ҕ၀ᇟقޑ୯ৎǴᏱԖؼӳࣽממೌ
! 21-5Ƿ٬Ҕ၀ᇟقޑ୯ৎǴڀԖᓬذౢࠔीૈΚ
! 21-6Ƿ٬Ҕ၀ᇟقޑ୯ৎǴᏱԖؼӳᖂ៉
! 21-7Ƿ٬Ҕ၀ᇟقޑ୯ৎǴதౢрബཥౢࠔ
! 21-8Ƿ٬Ҕ၀ᇟقޑ୯ৎǴᏱԖӃπ᛬Нྗ
ୢڔ่״
ୢڔډԜ่״Ǵགᖴாޑ༤ቪǶ
ऩாᜫཀଛӝՉࡕុࣴزǴፎ੮Πᖄ๎БԄǴၗٮࡕុଓᙫ٬ҔǴ๊ό ќдҔǺ