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印刷費 影印論文與技術資料 批 1 15,000 15,000
郵電費 學術聯絡與研討 批 1 20,000 20,000
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消耗性器材及藥品費 雷射印表機碳粉匣 組 4 4,000 16,000
消耗性器材及藥品費 噴墨印表機墨水匣 組 5 800 4,000
消耗性器材及藥品費 A4 紙 箱 3 1,200 3,600
消耗性器材及藥品費 磁碟片, 光碟片 盒 5 700 3,500
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合 計 128,100 (第一年)
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印刷費 影印論文與技術資料 批 1 15,000 15,000
郵電費 學術聯絡與研討 批 1 20,000 20,000
國內差旅費 蒐集資料與參加研討會 批 1 25,000 25,000
雜費 文具 批 1 6,000 6,000
消耗性器材及藥品費 雷射印表機碳粉匣 組 4 4,000 16,000
消耗性器材及藥品費 噴墨印表機墨水匣 組 5 800 4,000
消耗性器材及藥品費 A4 紙 箱 3 1,200 3,600
消耗性器材及藥品費 磁碟片, 光碟片 盒 5 700 3,500
儀器修理費 現有儀器維修 批 1 10,000 10,000
論文發表費 論文發表 批 1 25,000 25,000
合 計 128,100 (第二年)
項 目 名 稱 說 明 單位 數量 單 價 金額 備 註
印刷費 影印論文與技術資料 批 1 15,000 15,000
郵電費 學術聯絡與研討 批 1 20,000 20,000
國內差旅費 蒐集資料與參加研討會 批 1 25,000 25,000
雜費 文具 批 1 6,000 6,000
消耗性器材及藥品費 雷射印表機碳粉匣 組 4 4,000 16,000
消耗性器材及藥品費 噴墨印表機墨水匣 組 5 800 4,000
消耗性器材及藥品費 A4 紙 箱 3 1,200 3,600
消耗性器材及藥品費 磁碟片, 光碟片 盒 5 700 3,500
儀器修理費 現有儀器維修 批 1 10,000 10,000
論文發表費 論文發表 批 1 25,000 25,000
合 計 128,100 (第三年)
第 27 頁，共 43 頁
最常用的 back-off scheme， 是用在乙太網路的 Binary Exponential Back-off (BEB) Scheme， 因為它的原理和實行都最簡單。但是 BEB Scheme 會導致後到先服務的結果，一 個用戶如果有新的封包要送，或是上一次傳送已經成功，他便可以馬上傳送，傳送成功的 機會便大的多。如果一個用戶已經經歷過幾次碰撞，他便要在一個比較大的 back-off window 裏面，再任意選擇一個重傳的時機，因此他傳送成功的機會便小得多，這就是所謂的“捕
們便預計提出幾個改善 BEB Scheme 捕獲效應的方法。我們所提出的方法，不但可以用在 Slotted ALOHA 之類的數據網路之內，也可以用在“需求分配 ”形 式網路競爭時段的碰撞 解決；在本計劃的第二年中，我們將把所提出的方法，應用在競爭時段的碰撞解決，以分 析其對各種不同資料傳送上所造成的效應；計劃的第三年，我們預計利用所提出 Back-off 機制的特性，發展出一個新的媒體接取控制層架構，除了頻道可以公平的分配給用戶之外，
各種不同應用，也可以得到他們所需要的服務品質要求。
（二）計畫英文摘要。（五百字以內）
Key Words: Wireless Communications, MAC, Back-off Scheme, Binary Exponential Back-off, Capture Effect, Bandwidth Allocation, Quality of Service.
Abstract:
One of the primary foci of today’s broadband network access technology is on the efficient integration of multimedia traffic such as voice, data, and video. With the proliferation of personal communication service provided to multimedia portable devices, wireless access has emerged as a significant issue. As a result, the next-generation wireless networks capable of supporting integrated multimedia services are required to provide a variety of quality-of-service (QoS) requirements, which include constant bit rate (CBR), variable bit rate (VBR), and available bit rate (ABR). The major challenge pertaining to such wireless networks is the design of medium access control (MAC) scheme.
One of the major categories of MAC schemes is random access type, which adopts packet contention techniques, such as Slotted ALOHA and CSMA (carrier sense multiple access), to accommodate a large number of users, each with a low average data rate and high peak rate.
Another category of MAC schemes is demand-assignment type, in which users make bandwidth reservation when they need it. The bandwidth reservation is usually made within the contention period and collision is possible to occur. Both of these two MAC schemes rely on collision resolution or back-off algorithms when collision occurs.
Perhaps the most widely adopted back-off scheme is the binary exponential back-off (BEB) algorithm because of its simplicity. However, one result of the BEB algorithm is last-come-first-serve among competing users. A user with a new packet arriving at the head of queue has a much higher probability of acquiring the medium (because the back-off window size is equal to one) than those users that have already experienced couple of collisions (back-off window size is large). This result leads to the “capture effect” that allows a single or a few
“winning” users to dominate the available bandwidth.
“winning” users to dominate the available bandwidth.
In wireless communication networks, an access point (AP) or a base station is usually adopted as a central point to control several wireless/mobile devices. Taking the advantage of this centralized device, the capture effect can be solved. In this three-year project, we plan to develop a novel MAC architecture suitable for wireless home networking environment. In the first year, we will propose several novel back-off schemes to improve the drawback in the BEB algorithm. The proposed schemes can be implemented directly to Slotted ALOHA type data access network. They can also be applied in the contention period of the demand-assignment protocols. In the second year, we would like to apply the proposed schemes in the contention period of demand-assignment type MAC scheme, and a variety of data transmission, which includes voice, video conference, and WWW data, will be adopted in the data channel to analyze the proposed back-off schemes. In the third year, a novel MAC architecture will be designed.
From the newly proposed MAC architecture, in addition to sharing the bandwidth fairly among competing users, different applications with different QoS requirements can be served properly.