一、內容摘要
The 9th International Conference on Queueing Theory and Network Applications (QTNA 2014) 於2014年8月18日至8月21日於美國西華盛頓大學舉行，會議為期4天。
本人是本次會議的論文審查委員。另外，因為會議的主辦人(Professor George Zhe Zhang)是本人專題 研究計畫的研究夥伴，因此，參加本次會議的目的有二：
(1) 審查會議論文和安排相關審查與會場議題秩序的工作；
(2) 實地連繫Prfessor Zhang 強化研究成果，同時建立主辦學校與台灣政治大學的合作關係。
本次會議受到主辦學校高度重視，除了副校長致歡迎詞外，院長和系主任全程參與，希望能與臺灣、
日本、韓國、中國和其他國家研究等候系統的學者專長們建立合作關係，本人因此特別向院長和副 校長表示合作的意願, 以及可以合作的項目。在雙方積極連絡下，西華盛頓大學特別派英語學程的 代表Miss Ting Hsien 於九月十一日來政大說明，招幕新生。
二、重要結論或研究成果（中英文論文、期刊、光碟、出版或獲校外研究經費補助）
這次的研討會相當成功，不但認識新的研究議題，更加深國際間的交流和合作。關於研究方面，也 有進展，重要結論詳截如論文最後。
附件：
(1) 附研討會議程。
(2) Professor George Zhe Zhang的邀請函如後。
(3) 研究論文。
三、建議
四、相關聯結(活動網頁、與本學術活動有關聯結…)
2
The 9th International Conference on Queueing Theory and
Network Applications (QTNA2014)
Western Washington University, Bellingham, USA August 18-21, 2014
Proceedings
Edited by
Zhe George Zhang, Western Washington University, USA Jianming Bai, Lanzhou University, China
Yutaka Takahashi, Kyoto University, Japan Wuyi Yue, Konan University, Japan
Conference Sponsors
Center for Operations Research and Management Science (CORMS), Western Washington University, USA
College of Business and Economics, Western Washington University, USA School of Management, Lanzhou University, China
Table of Content
Preface ………..……….………… 1 Message from Organizing Committee Chairs ………...…..……… 2 Message from Technical Program Committee Chairs ……….……….………… 3 Organization ………..……….. 4 Events ………...……….……… 6 Program Overview ………..……… 7 August 19 Sessions ………..………...….……….. 10 August 20 Sessions ………. 13 August 21 Meeting ………..………. 16 Campus Map of Western Washington University ………. 17 Abstracts ………..…..……… 19
Preface
The 9th International Conference on Queueing Theory and Network Applications (QTNA 2014) is held at Western Washington University in Bellingham, Washington, USA, on August 18-21, 2014. The conference is a continuation of a series of successful conferences: QTNA 2006 (Seoul, Korea), QTNA 2007 (Kobe, Japan), QTNA 2008 (Taipei, Taiwan), QTNA 2009 (Singapore), QTNA 2010 (Beijing, China), QTNA 2011 (Seoul, Korea), QTNA 2012 (Kyoto, Japan), and QTNA 2013 (Taichung, Taiwan). The aim of this series is to bring together international researchers and practitioners to share critical issues in queueing theory and network applications. It is our goal to work together to discover pioneering solutions to these issues. While all previous conferences in this series have been hosted in Asian cities, QTNA 2014 (Bellingham) is the first to be held in America.
All accepted papers will be included in the proceedings in USB. Selected papers from those presented at the conference will be considered for Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization (JIMO), Quality Technology and Quantitative Management (QTQM) and International Journal of Operations Research (IJOR).
We hope that this conference offers an excellent forum to exchange the latest research accomplishments among academia and industries. Furthermore, it is hoped that this conference will cultivate mutual friendship among professionals and researchers from different countries.
We would like to thank the speakers and attendees for making this conference a great success.
The conference would not be successful without your support and participation. We would also like to thank the members of the Organizing Committee and the Technical Program Committee for their great support.
George Zhang, Craig Tyran Co-Chairs
Organizing Committee
Wuyi Yue, Yutaka Takahashi, Hsing Paul Luh, Jau-Chuan Ke Co-Chairs
Technical Program Committee
1
Message from Organizing Committee Chairs
On behalf of the organizing committee, we cordially welcome you to the 9th International Conference on Queueing Theory and Network Applications (QTNA 2014) held at Western Washington University in beautiful Bellingham.
QTNA has been firmly supported by leading international researchers in Queueing Theory and Network Applications. This year’s QTNA has the first to come from Asia to America. It offers an excellent open forum to exchange the latest research accomplishments among academia and industries, and also to cultivate a mutual friendship among professionals and researchers from the world.
We would like to take this opportunity to thank the following sponsors:
·Center for Operations Research and Management Science (CORMS), Western Washington University, USA
·College of Business and Economics, Western Washington University, USA
·School of Management, Lanzhou University, China
We would like to thank members of Technical Program Committee for their time and dedication to develop this conference program. Many thanks go to all active members of QTNA2014.
Finally, we wish this year’s QTNA conference great success and every participant a very enjoyable stay in Bellingham and the State of Washington.
George Zhang (Co-Chair), Western Washington University Craig Tyran (Co-Chair), Western Washington University
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Message from Technical Program Committee Chairs
We welcome everyone to the 9th International Conference on Queueing Theory and Network Applications (QTNA2014). It is very enthusing that many researchers from Asia, Europe, and North America have participated in QTNA 2014. So far about 30 contributions submitted from the USA, Canada, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, China and Europe have been selected to be presented at the QTNA2014 conference. This conference disseminates the latest results in several research fields such as performance modeling and analysis of telecommunication networks, retrial and vacation queueing models, optimization of queueing system, matrix analytic methods, probability generating function method, and other areas such as reliability engineering and supply chain management.
Building upon the success of the previous years, we hope to provide a significant opportunity for researchers of all backgrounds to share their achievements and discoveries, collaborate on studies, and create new friendships to drive the future development of our shared fields.
We would like to acknowledge all the members of the Program Committee of QTNA2014 for their extremely valuable support. We also thank the authors who attend for their excellent technical contributions and new theoretical results.
We express gratitude to the Organizing Committee for their work in organizing this event, Co-Chairs Professor George Zhang and Professor Craig Tyran, and leading members of the organizing committee Professor Jianming Bai, and Ms Racheal Scholler for their hard work throughout the process of planning and putting together the meeting. We hope that this year’s conference will be full of new findings and interesting experiences for all involved.
Finally, we hope all the participants enjoy this fascinating and fruitful conference. We wish all the participants enjoy their stay in Bellingham and Washington State.
Wuyi Yue (Co-Chair), Konan University, Japan Yutaka Takahashi (Co-Chair), Kyoto University, Japan Hsing Paul Luh (Co-Chair), National Chengchi University, Taiwan
Jau-Chuan Ke (Co-Chair), National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
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Organization
Organizing Committee
Zhe George Zhang (Western Washington University, USA, Co-Chair) Craig Tyran (Western Washington University, USA, Co-Chair) Jianming Bai (Lanzhou University, China)
Racheal Scholler (Western Washington University) Yichuan Ding (University of British Columbia, Canada) Ilhyung Kim (Western Washington University, USA) Mark Springer (Western Washington University, USA) Hsing Paul Luh (National Chengchi University, Taiwan) Jinting Wang (Beijing Jiaotong University, China) Yutaka Takahashi (Kyoto University, Japan) Wuyi Yue (Konan University, Japan) Bong Dae Choi (Sungkyunkwan University, Korea) Dequan Yue (Yanshan University, China) Technical Program Committee Wuyi Yue (Konan University, Japan, Co-Chair) Yutaka Takahashi (Kyoto University, Japan, Co-Chair) Hsing Paul Luh (National Chengchi University, Taiwan, Co-Chair)
Jau-Chuan Ke (National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, Co-Chair) Fu-Min Chang (Chaoyang University of Technology, Taiwan)
Kuo-Hwa Chang (Chung Yang Christian University, Taiwan) Yung-Ming Chang (Taiwan) National Taitung University Edwin Cheng (Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong) Wai-Ki Ching (The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong) Bong Dae Choi (Sungkyunkwan University, Korea) Shu-Hui Chuang (Asia University, Taiwan)
Guangyue Han (The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong) Qi-Ming He (University of Waterloo, Canada)
Ganguk Hwang (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Korea) Shunfu Jin (Yanshan University, China)
Shoji Kasahara (Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan) Konosuke Kawashima (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan) Jyh-Bin Ke (National Chung-Hsing University, Taiwan)
Bara Kim (Chungbuk National University, Korea)
Ching-Chang Kuo (National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan) Ho Woo Lee (Sungkyunkwan University, Korea)
Se Won Lee (Sungkyunkwan University, Korea) Wen-Chiung Lee (Feng-Chia University, Taiwan) Quanlin Li (Yanshan University, China)
Chih-Chin Liang (National Formosa University, Taiwan) 4
Hiroyuki Masuyama (Kyoto University, Japan) Masakiyo Miyazawa (Tokyo University of Science, Japan) Yoni Nazarathy (University of Queensland Australia) Yoshikuni Onozato (Gunma University, Japan)
Wen Lea Pearn (National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan) Poompat Saengudomlert (Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand)
Winston Seah (Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand) Yang Woo Shin (Changwon National University, Korea) Hideaki Takagi (University of Tsukuba, Japan) Chee Wei Tan (City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong) Y.C. Tay (National University of Singapore, Singapore) Naishuo Tian (China) (Yanshan University China) Phung-Duc Tuan (Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan) Chia-Hung Wang (National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan) Chia-Li Wang (National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan) Jinting Wang (Beijing Jiaotong University, China)
Tsung-Yin Wang (National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan) Dong-Yuh Yang (National Taipei College of Business, Taiwan)
Dequan Yue (Yanshan University, China)
Zhe George Zhang (Western Washington University, USA) Yigiang Q. Zhao (Canada)
Steering Committee
Bong Dae Choi (Sungkyunkwan University, Korea, Co-Chair) Yutaka Takahashi (Kyoto University, Japan, Co-Chair) Wuyi Yue (Konan University, Japan, Co-Chair) Kuo-Hsiung Wang (Providence University, Taiwan) Hsing Paul Luh (National Chengchi University, Taiwan) Winston Seah (Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand) Hideaki Takagi (University of Tsukuba, Japan)
Y.C. Tay (National University of Singapore, Singapore) Deguan Yue (Yanshan University, China) Jinting Wang (Beijing Jiaotong University, China) Local Committee
Zhe George Zhang (Western Washington University, USA, Co-Chair) Craig Tyran (Western Washington University, USA, Co-Chair) Yichuan Ding (University of British Columbia, Canada) Ilhyung Kim (Western Washington University, USA) Mark Springer (Western Washington University, USA) Zhaosong Lu (Simon Fraser University, Canada)
5
Events
August 18 (Monday) 16:00-18:00 Registration
August 19 (Tuesday) Registration in Morning Hours 08:30-09:00 Light Breakfast
09:00-09:40 Opening Ceremony and Photo 09:40-10:30 Plenary Speaking
August 20 (Wednesday) Registration in Morning Hours 08:30-09:00 Light Breakfast
18:00-20:30 Banquet and Closing Ceremony
August 21 (Thursday)
09:00-16:00 Meetings of Committees and Discussion about Next QTNA
Conference Venue
Viking Union, Western Washington University
Welcome Dinner Anthony's Hearthfire Grill
Banquet and Closing Ceremony Viking Union, Western Washington University
6
Program Overview
August 19 (Tuesday)
08:30-09:00 Light Breakfast
09:00-09:40
Opening Ceremony (Room: VU 462) Dr. Bruce Shepard
President of Western Washington University Dr. Craig Dunn
Dean of College of Business and Economics Photo
09:40-10:30
Plenary Speaking (Room: VU 462) Phase-Type Representation, Coxianization, and Majorization
Dr. Qi-Ming He, University of Waterloo, Canada
10:30-10:50 Coffee Break
10:50-12:20 Session 1 (Room: VU 567) Breakdown Models
12:20-13:30 Lunch
13:30-15:30 Session 2 (Room: VU 567) Network Models
15:30-16:00 Coffee Break
16:00-18:00 Session 3 (Room: VU 567) Vacation Models
18:00-20:00 Welcome Dinner
7
August 20 (Wednesday)
08:30-09:00 Light Breakfast
09:00-10:30 Session 4 (Room: VU 567) Optimization
10:30-11:00 Coffee Break
11:00-12:30 Session 5 (Room: VU 567) Reliability Models
12:30-13:30 Lunch
13:30-15:30 Session 6 (Room: VU 567) Queueing Models
15:30-16:00 Coffee Break
16:00-17:30 Session 7 (Room: VU 567) Queueing Applications
18:00-20:30 Banquet and Closing Ceremony
8
August 21 (Thursday)
09:00-16:00
Meetings of Committees and Discussion about Next QTNA
(Room: TBA)
9
August 19 (Tuesday) Morning Sessions
09:00-09:40
Opening Ceremony (Room: VU 462)
Dr. Bruce Shepard, President of Western Washington University, USA Dr. Craig Dunn, Dean of College of Business and Economics, Western
Washington University, USA Photo
09:40-10:30
Plenary Speaking (Room: VU 462)
Phase-Type Representation, Coxianization, and Majorization Dr. Qi-Ming He, University of Waterloo, Canada
10:30-10:50 Coffee Break
10:50-12:20
Session 1 Breakdown Models (Room: VU 567) Session Chair: Yutaka Takahashi
1. Optimal Control of the Machine Repair Problem with Removable Repairman Subject to Working Breakdowns
Wen-Kuang Chou (Huanghuai University) Haitao Wu (Huanghuai University) Kuo-Hsiung Wang (Providence University) Tseng-Chang Yen (National Chung-Hsiung University) 2. Extended Optimal Replacement Policy for a Two-Unit System under
Cumulative Damage Model
Shey-Huei Sheu (Providence University) Tzu-Hsin Liu (Providence University)
Zhe George Zhang (Western Washington University) 3. Maximum Entropy Analysis to the N Policy M/G/1 Queue with Working
Breakdowns
Jia-Yu Chen (National Chung-Hsiung University) Kuo-Hsiung Wang (Providence University) Shin-Pyng Sheu (National Chung-Hsiung University) Wen-Kuang Chou (Providence University)
10
August 19 (Tuesday) Afternoon Sessions
13:30-15:30
Session 2 Network Models (Room: VU 567) Session Chair: Hsing Paul Luh
1. Performance Analysis of MAC Protocol of EDCA on Common Channel and Reservation on Service Channels for IEEE 802.11p/1609.4 WAVE
Bong Dae Choi (Sungkyunkwan University) Yun Han Bae (Sangmyung University)
2. Call Blending Retrial Queue with Gated Type Incoming Call Service Zsolt Saffer (Budapest University of Technology and Economics) Wuyi Yue (Konan University)
3. Performance Analysis of Energy-Saving Server Scheduling Mechanism for Large-scale Data Centers
Masataka Kato (Kyoto University) Hiroyuki Masuyama (Kyoto University)
Shoji Kasahara (Nara Institute of Science and Technology) Yutaka Takahashi (Kyoto University)
4. Performance Analysis of the Gate-Polling Spectrum Access Strategy in Cognitive Radio Networks
Shunfu Jin (Yanshan University) Wuyi Yue (Konan University)
Zsolt Saffer (Budapest University of Technology and Economics)
15:30-16:00 Coffee Break
16:00-18:00
Session 3 Vacation Models (Room: VU 567) Session Chair: Jau-Chuan Ke
1. Fluid Model Modulated by an M/M/1 Working Vacation Queue with Negative Customer
Xiuli Xu (Yanshan University) Xianying Wang (Yanshan University)
2. Analysis of Decision-Making Behavior in Geo/G/1 Queues with Vacations Jihong Li (Shanxi University)
Qingqing Ma (Shanxi University)
11
3. Equilibrium in Vacation Queueing System with Complementary Service Yan Ma (Central South University)
Ben Fu (Simon Fraser University) Zaiming Liu (Central South University)
Zhe George Zhang (Western Washington University, Simon Fraser University) 4. Analysis of an M/M/1 Queue with Vacations and Impatient Time which
Depends on the Server’s States Dequan Yue (Yanshan University) Wuyi Yue (Konan University) Guoxi Zhao (Yanshan University)
12
August 20 (Wednesday) Morning Sessions 09:00-10:30
Session 4 Optimization (Room: VU 567) Session Chair: Zhe George Zhang
1. Supply Chain Cooperative Advertising Based on Advertising Efforts and Price Discount
Lihong He (Lanzhou University) Jianzu Wu (Lanzhou University)
Zhe George Zhang (Western Washington University, Simon Fraser University) Peter Haug (Western Washington University)
2. Resource Renting Problem in Project Scheduling with Self-Owned Resources, Multi-mode, and Penalty for Tardiness
Guorong Chai (Lanzhou University)
Yana Su (Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Polytechnic College) Shengliang Zong (Lanzhou University)
Chun Yuan (Lanzhou University)
3. Optimization of Production with Green-Awareness Demands Zhaofu Hong (Lanzhou University)
10:30-11:00 Coffee Break 11:00-12:30
Session 5 Reliability Models (Room: VU 567) Session Chair: Dequan Yue
1. Availability of the Series System with Unreliable Server and Imperfect Coverage
Ching-Chang Kuo (National Taichung University of Science and Technology) Jau-Chuan Ke (National Taichung University of Science and Technology) Fu-Min Chang (Chaoyang University of Technology)
2. Availability of Machine Repairing System with Unreliable Server and Switching Failure
Ching-Chang Kuo (National Taichung University of Science and Technology) Jau-Chuan Ke (National Taichung University of Science and Technology) Jyh-Bin Ke (National Chung-Hsing University)
3. Analysis of Type III System Model with Failed Service in Star Networks Sun Lijun (Qingdao University of Science and Technology) Qiao Yongjuan (Qingdao University of Science and Technology) Zhao Yue (Qingdao University of Science and Technology)
13
August 20 (Wednesday) Afternoon Sessions
13:30-15:30
Session 6 Queueing Models (Room: VU 567) Session Chair: Bong Dae Choi
1. A Composite Priority Queue with Binomial Gated Polling Groups and Priority Groups
Tetsuji Hirayama (University of Tsukuba)
2. Fluid Vacation Model with Markov Modulated Load and Gated Discipline Zsolt Saffer (Budapest University of Technology and Economics) Miklós Telek (Budapest University of Technology and Economics) 3. Analysis of the MMPP/G/1/K Queue with a Modified State-Dependent
Service Rate
Doo Il Choi (Halla University)
Bokeun Kim (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) Dae Eun Lim (Baekseok University)
4. Stochastic Analysis of an Impatient Retrial Queue due to Preemptive Priority Shan Gao (Beijing Jiaotong University, Fuyang Normal College) Jinting Wang (Beijing Jiaotong University)
Tien Van Do (Budapest University of Technology and Economics) 15:30-16:00
Coffee Break 16:00-17:30
Session 7 Queueing Applications (Room: VU 567) Session Chair: Wuyi Yue
1. An Analysis on the CSAR (Combat Search and Rescue) Operation using Queue with Impatient Customers
Bong-Kyoo Yoon (Korea National Defense University) Sung-Woo Kim (Korea National Defense University) Sungjune Park (University of North Carolina at Charlotte)
2. Tail Asymptotics of Heavy-Tailed Random Sums and its Applications to Distributed Server Systems
Byeongchan Lee (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) Jonghun Yoon (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) Yang Woo Shin (Changwon National University)
Ganguk Hwang (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
14
3. Game Analysis in a Dual Channels System with Different Power Structures and Service Provision
Guoxing Zhang (Lanzhou University) Shuai Fang (Lanzhou University)
15
August 21 (Thursday)
09:00-16:00
Meetings of Committees and Discussion about Next QTNA (Room: TBA)
16
17 18
The 9th International Conference on Queueing Theory and Network Applications
(QTNA 2014)
Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, USA August 18-21, 2014
Abstracts
19 20
Optimal Control of the Machine Repair Problem with Removable Repairman Subject to Working Breakdowns
Wen-Kuang Chou Software School, Huanghuai University
Zhumadian,Henan,China +886 396 2853005 [email protected]
Kuo-Hsiung Wang Department of Computer Science and
Information management Providence University Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
+886 4 26328001x18122 [email protected]
Haitao Wu Software School, Huanghuai University
Zhumadian,Henan,China +886 396 2853005 [email protected]
Tseng-Chang Yen Department of Applied Mathematics
National Chung-Hsiung University Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
+886 4 22860133x623 [email protected]
Abstract
This paper deals with a single removable repairman in the machine repair problem with warm standbys and working breakdowns. We assume that the repairman can be subject to working breakdowns only when there is at least one failed machine in the system. Applying the matrix-analytic method, we develop the steady-state probabilities of the number of failed machines in the system as well as several system performance measures. We construct a cost model to compute the optimal threshold N, and the joint optimal values for the fast and slow service rates simultaneously by two-stage optimization method whose effectiveness is proved by numerical results. Moreover, we also analyze the sensitivity with numerical illustration based upon different system parameter values.
Extended Optimal Replacement Policy for a Two-Unit System under Cumulative Damage Model
Shey-Huei Sheu Department of Statistics and
Informatics Science Providence University Taichung 433, Taiwan [email protected]
Tzu-Hsin Liu Department of Statistics and
Informatics Science Providence University Taichung 433, Taiwan [email protected]
Zhe George Zhang Department of Decision
Sciences Western Washington
University Bellingham, WA, USA [email protected]
Abstract
In this article, we consider a system consisting of two major units (A and B), which is subject to two types of shocks that occur according to a non-homogeneous Poisson process. The probabilities of these two shock types are age-dependent. Each type I shock causes a minor failure of unit A, which also results in an amount of damage to unit B. The damages to unit B are accumulated to trigger a preventive replacement or a corrective replacement action. In addition, a minor failure for unit B with cumulative damage of z will occur with probability ʌ(z) at a unit A failure instant. A type II shock is a major one and the system is replaced at its occurrence. We consider a more general replacement policy where the system is replaced at age T, or at the time which the total damage to unit B exceeds a pre-specified level Z (but less than the failure level K) or at any type II shock or when the total damage to unit B exceeding a failure level K, whichever occurs first. The expected cost per unit time is formulated by introducing relative costs.
21
Maximum Entropy Analysis to the N Policy M/G/1 Queue with Working Breakdowns
Jia-Yu Chen Department of Applied Mathematics
National Chung-Hsiung University Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
+886 4 22860133x623 [email protected]
Shin-Pyng Sheu Department of Applied Mathematics
National Chung-Hsiung University Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
+886 4 22860133x617 [email protected]
Kuo-Hsiung Wang Department of Computer Science and
Information management Providence University Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C +886 4 26328001x18122 [email protected]
Wen-Kuang Chou Department of Computer Science and
Information management Providence University Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C +886 4 26328001x18101 [email protected]
Abstract
This paper deals with the N policy M/G/1 queue with working breakdowns. In this queueing system, the steady-state probabilities cannot be derived explicitly. We employ maximum entropy approach with several constraints to develop the approximate formulae for the steady-state probability distributions of queue length and the expected waiting time in the queue. We perform a comparative analysis between the approximate results and established exact results for three different service time distributions, such as exponential, 2-stage Erlang, and deterministic. We demonstrate that the maximum entropy approach is quite accurate for practical purpose and is useful for complex queueing systems solving.
22
Performance Analysis of MAC Protocol of EDCA on Common Channel and Reservation on Service Channels for IEEE
802.11p/1609.4 WAVE
Bong Dae Choi Department of Mathematics
Sungkyunkwan University Seoul, Korea
Yun Han Bae Department of Mathematics Education
Sangmyung University Seoul, Korea
Abstract
The IEEE 1609.4 for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment (WAVE) network is designed to support both safety applications (e.g., emergency service) and non-safety applications (e.g., data service) for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). The Wave operates on multi-channels consisting of one control channel (CCH) and 6 service channels (SCHs). In this paper, we propose and analyze a MAC protocol consisting of Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) on the CCH and reservation on SCHs in IEEE 802.11p/1609.4 WAVE. Specifically, emergency packets and status packets for safety service, and request for service (RFS) packets to reserve a SCH for non-safety service are transmitted on the common channel by contention-based EDCA scheme. Non-safety applications such as information and commercial data file are transmitted on SCHs by contention-free scheme after reserving with RFS packet. We assume that an out-dated safety packet is replaced by the new one and a RFS packet is generated after previous service file is completed successfully. On board unit (OBU) in a vehicle is assumed to have dual radios in order to utilize the full capacity of channels. We assume that only the road-side unit (RSU) sends acknowledgment (ACK) message to the broadcasted packet, to improve the successful delivery probability of safety packets. We present mathematical models of our proposed MAC protocol. From the mathematical model, various performance measures such as successful delivery probability, delay of packet and throughput are obtained. Numerical results show that 98 percent successful delivery probability and less than 100 ms delay of safety packet can be achieved.
23
Call Blending Retrial Queue with Gated Type Incoming Call Service
Zsolt Saffer Department of Networked Systems and
Services
Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
Wuyi Yue Department of Intelligence and
Informatics Konan University Kobe 658-8501, Japan
Abstract
In this paper we consider call blending retrial queue with gated type incoming call service. Call blending is a way of mixing incoming and outgoing call activities in call centers, which is applied mainly in order to increase the operator utilization and thus also the overall productivity. The incoming calls waiting in the orbit perform retrial with constant rate. We apply a gated-type balancing mechanism in order to achieve a kind of fairness between the incoming and outgoing calls. The methodology used in this paper differs from the usual ones applied in retrial queue context. This analysis consists of two steps. In the first one steady-state relationships are established among quantities at characteristic embedded epochs. Then they are used for the derivation of the results at arbitrary epoch in the second step. The main results are the probability-generating function and the mean of the number of incoming calls at arbitrary epoch. We also discuss the steps of the numerical solution.
24
Performance Analysis of Energy-Saving Server Scheduling Mechanism for Large-Scale Data Centers
Masataka Kato*
Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501
Japan [email protected]
Shoji Kasahara Nara Institute of Science and Technology Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192
Japan [email protected]
Hiroyuki Masuyama Graduate School of Informatics
Kyoto University Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501
Japan [email protected]
Yutaka Takahashi Graduate School of Informatics
Kyoto University Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501
Japan [email protected]
Abstract
Large-scale data centers for cloud computing services consist of a number of commodity servers, resulting in a huge amount of power consumption. In order to save this consumption, BEEMR (Berkeley Energy Efficient MapReduce), a MapReduce workload manager, is developed. In a BEEMR-based data center, servers are classified into the interactive and batch zones. Arriving jobs with a small size are immediately processes in the former zone, while large-sized jobs are queued and served simultaneously at every fixed service period in the latter zone. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of BEEMR-type job scheduling on the power consumption. We consider two queueing models for the interactive and batch zones. The interactive zone is modeled as a single-server queueing system with processor-sharing (PS) service. In terms of the batch zone, we consider a queueing system with gated service in which arriving jobs are queued and served at every fixed service period. For these models, the time-average power consumption and the mean response time are derived as the performance measures. Numerical examples show that the power consumption is significantly affected by the number of servers in the batch zone,
Large-scale data centers for cloud computing services consist of a number of commodity servers, resulting in a huge amount of power consumption. In order to save this consumption, BEEMR (Berkeley Energy Efficient MapReduce), a MapReduce workload manager, is developed. In a BEEMR-based data center, servers are classified into the interactive and batch zones. Arriving jobs with a small size are immediately processes in the former zone, while large-sized jobs are queued and served simultaneously at every fixed service period in the latter zone. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of BEEMR-type job scheduling on the power consumption. We consider two queueing models for the interactive and batch zones. The interactive zone is modeled as a single-server queueing system with processor-sharing (PS) service. In terms of the batch zone, we consider a queueing system with gated service in which arriving jobs are queued and served at every fixed service period. For these models, the time-average power consumption and the mean response time are derived as the performance measures. Numerical examples show that the power consumption is significantly affected by the number of servers in the batch zone,