第五章 無塵室樓版剛性補強之研究
5.6 鋁桁架補強評估
5.6.2 局部補強
本節之局部補強乃針對較弱之樓版區域V 採用鋁桁架進行剛度補強。
考慮上節所採用之鋁桁架尺寸,樓版分析參數之設定如表5.6 所示。圖 5.57 為結構樓版採用局部補強之SAP2000 模擬分析結構。
圖5.58 為區域 V 在樓版局部補強下之 Accelerance 反應比較。結果顯 示,在經過鋁桁架補強之後,區域 V 之 Accelerance 反應可提升至滿足 Nikon 微影掃描機之最大容許規格值內。圖 5.59~5.62 分別為樓版局部補 強下,區域 I、II、IV 之 Accelerance 反應,結果顯示,吾人針對區域 V 所進行的局部樓版補強,對於其他區域之 Accelerance 反應並無明顯的影 響。
圖 5.63 為區域 V 在經過樓版局部補強下之動態剛度反應比較。結果 顯示,在區域 V 採用鋁桁架進行局部樓版之剛度補強下,雖然無法滿足 Nikon 微影掃描機之規格要求,但仍可以提升該區域之靜態剛度及動態剛 度峰值。圖5.64~5.67 分別為其他區域在樓版局部補強下之動態剛度反應 比較。結果顯示在局部補強後,對於其他區域之動態剛度及靜態剛度並無 明顯之影響。
第六章 結論與建議
級強度,而TCU017 地震亦可承受六級強度。
3. 本文採用的油壓緩衝器與理想化油壓阻尼器特性不同,故本文所提之 理論動力分析模式,尚無法進行擬合的工作。後續研究可針對油壓緩 衝器元件測試結果,找出緩衝器的力學行為模式,進而解析隔震平台 加裝油壓緩衝器的動力行為;或著採用理想油壓阻尼器進行隔震設備 之振動台試驗,進一步驗證本文理論分析的可用性。
4. 本文針對無塵室樓版的動態反應進行一系列的模擬探討,後續研究可 著眼於實際樓版動態反應與SAP2000 模擬結果的差異性。
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表1.1 一般振動之特徵與對策
表2.1 設備加速反應度峰值比較(El Centro,TS =0.3sec,W =3ton)
表2.2 設備位移反應峰值比較 (El Centro,TS =0.3sec,W =3ton)
表2.3 設備加速度反應峰值比較 (El Centro,TS =0.7sec,W =3ton)
表2.4 設備位移反應峰值比較 (El Centro,TS =0.7sec,W =3ton)
表2.5 設備加速度反應峰值比較 (TCU017,TS =0.3sec,W =3ton)
表2.6 設備位移反應峰值比較 (TCU017,TS =0.3sec,W =3ton)
表2.7 設備加速度反應峰值比較(TCU017,TS =0.7sec,W =3ton)
表2.8 設備位移反應峰值比較(TCU017,TS =0.7sec,W =3ton)
表2.9 設備加速度反應峰值比較(El Centro,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec,
表2.10 設備加速度反應峰值比較(TCU017,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec,
表3.1 設備加速度反應峰值比較表 (El Centro,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec,W =3ton,µ =0.1)
表3.2 設備位移反應峰值比較表 (El Centro,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec,W =3ton,µ=0.1)
d 0
c = kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =200 kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =500 kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =800 kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =1000 kgf/(m/s)0.3
PFA (g)
disp.(cm) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) 0.25 1.32 0.84 36.4 0.5 62.1 0.29 78.0 0.2 84.8
disp.(cm) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) 0.25 1.32 0.98 25.8 0.75 43.2 0.59 55.3 0.52 60.6
disp.(cm) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) 0.25 1.32 1.22 7.6 0.94 28.8 0.91 31.1 0.93 29.5 0.4 3.04 2.72 10.5 2.42 20.4 2.16 28.9 2.02 33.6 0.5 4.02 3.57 11.2 3.13 22.1 2.78 30.8 2.66 33.8 α =1
1 11.18 10.08 9.8 8.57 23.3 7.41 33.7 6.93 38.0
表3.3 設備加速度反應峰值比較表 (El Centro,TS =0.7sec,TFPS =2sec,W =3ton,µ =0.1)
表3.4 設備位移反應峰值比較表 (El Centro,TS =0.7sec,TFPS =2sec,W =3ton,µ=0.1)
d 0
c = kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =200 kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =500 kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =800 kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =1000 kgf/(m/s)0.3
PFA (g)
disp.(cm) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) 0.25 4.26 2.65 37.8 1.2 71.8 0.6 85.9 0.37 91.3
disp.(cm) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) 0.25 4.26 3.05 28.4 1.88 55.9 1.31 69.2 1.05 75.4
disp.(cm) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) 0.25 4.26 3.88 8.9 3.17 25.6 2.68 37.1 2.32 45.5 0.4 8.07 7.5 7.1 6.35 21.3 5.56 31.1 5.25 34.9 0.5 10.53 9.34 11.3 8.31 21.1 7.47 29.1 6.98 33.7 α =1
1 26.39 23.12 12.4 19.26 27.0 17.14 35.1 15.71 40.5
表3.5 設備加速度反應峰值比較表 (TCU017,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec,W =3ton,µ =0.1)
表3.6 設備位移反應峰值比較表 (TCU017,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec,W =3ton,µ=0.1)
d 0
c = kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =200 kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =500 kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =800 kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =1000 kgf/(m/s)0.3
PFA (g)
disp.(cm) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) 0.25 1.41 1.07 24.1 0.66 53.2 0.39 72.3 0.25 82.3
disp.(cm) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) 0.25 1.41 1.18 16.3 0.9 36.2 0.7 50.4 0.59 58.2
disp.(cm) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) 0.25 1.41 1.31 7.1 1.18 16.3 1.07 24.1 1.01 28.4 0.4 9.56 8.04 15.9 6.38 33.3 5.21 45.5 4.6 51.9 0.5 16.52 13.81 16.4 10.88 34.1 8.81 46.7 7.73 53.2 α =1
1 68.56 48.19 29.7 34.27 50.0 26.86 60.8 23.8 65.3
表3.7 設備加速度反應峰值比較表 (TCU017,TS =0.7sec,TFPS =2sec,W =3ton,µ =0.1)
表3.8 設備位移反應峰值比較表 TCU017,TS =0.7sec,TFPS =2sec,W =3ton,µ =0.1)
d 0
c = kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =200 kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =500 kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =800 kgf/(m/s)0.3 cd =1000 kgf/(m/s)0.3
PFA (g)
disp.(cm) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) 0.25 6.81 4.5 33.9 2.32 65.9 1.13 83.4 0.7 89.7
disp.(cm) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) 0.25 6.81 5.18 23.9 3.6 47.1 2.52 63.0 2.01 70.5
disp.(cm) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) disp.(cm) red.(%) 0.25 6.81 6.08 10.7 5.23 23.2 4.59 32.6 4.23 37.9 0.4 17.36 14.9 14.2 12.22 29.6 10.29 40.7 9.27 46.6 0.5 25.4 21.3 16.1 17.23 32.2 14.42 43.2 12.93 49.1 α =1
1 70.17 54.8 21.9 41.77 40.5 34.06 51.5 30.34 56.8
表4.1 隔震設備反應比較(El Centro)
Input=El Centro Earthquake (w=1.1ton) Peak Acceleration(g)
PFA (g)
Isolated Reduction (%)
Input=El Centro Earthquake (w=2.1ton) Peak Acceleration(g)
PFA (g)
Isolated Reduction (%)
表4.2 隔震設備反應比較(Kobe)
Input=Kobe Earthquake (w=1.1ton) Peak Acceleration(g) PFA (g)
Isolated Reduction (%)
Input=Kobe Earthquake (w=2.1ton) Peak Acceleration(g) PFA (g)
Isolated Reduction (%)
表4.3 隔震設備反應比較(TCU017)
Input=TCU017 Earthquake (w=1.1ton) Peak Acceleration(g)
PFA (g)
Isolated Reduction (%) Input=TCU017 Earthquake (w=2.1ton)
Peak Acceleration(g) PFA(g)
Isolated Reduction (%)
表4.5 隔震設備加裝油壓緩衝器反應比較(El Centro)
Input=El Centro Earthquake (w=1.1ton) Peak Acceleration(g)
PFA (g)
Isolated Reduction (%)
Input=El Centro Earthquake (w=2.1ton) Peak Acceleration(g)
PFA (g)
Isolated Reduction (%)
表4.6 隔震設備加裝油壓緩衝器反應比較(Kobe)
Input=Kobe Earthquake (w=1.1ton) Peak Acceleration(g) PFA (g)
Isolated Reduction (%)
Input=Kobe Earthquake (w=2.1ton) Peak Acceleration(g) Intensity(g)
Isolated Reduction (%)
表4.7 隔震設備加裝油壓緩衝器反應比較(TCU017)
Input=TCU017 Earthquake (w=1.1ton) Peak Acceleration(g)
PFA(g)
Isolated Reduction (%) Input=TCU017 Earthquake (w=2.1ton)
Peak Acceleration(g) PFA (g)
Isolated Reduction (%)
表5.1 衝擊載重試驗之頻域反應函數與其反函數
振動反應物理量 頻域反應函數 頻域反應反函數
位移 Receptance/Compliance Dynamic Stiffness
速度 Mobility Mechanical Impedance
加速度 Inertance/Accelerance Apparent Mass
表5.2 不同邊界條件下之參數設定
Boundary-A Boundary-B Boundary-C
樓板厚度(mm) 20 20 20
樓層高(mm) 4500 4500 4500
大梁尺寸-寬*高(mm) 500*1000 500*1000 500*1000 小梁尺寸-寬*高(mm) 400*800 400*800 400*800 大柱尺寸-寬*高(mm) 1000*1000 1000*1000 1000*1000 小柱尺寸-寬*高(mm) 400*400 400*400 400*400
結構跨數 3 6 9
模態數量 129 415 600
有效質量比(%) 100 100 75
衝擊載重(kgf) 40 40 40
表5.3 不同樓版厚度下之參數設定
Floor-A Floor-B Floor-C Floor-D Floor-E
樓板厚度(mm) 10 20 30 40 50
樓層高度(mm) 4500 4500 4500 4500 4500 大梁尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 500*1000 500*1000 500*1000 500*1000 500*1000 小梁尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 400*800 400*800 400*800 400*800 400*800 大柱尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 1000*1000 1000*1000 1000*1000 1000*1000 1000*1000 小柱尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 400*400 400*400 400*400 400*400 400*400
結構跨數 3 3 3 3 3
(mm) 500*1000 500*1000 500*1000 500*1000 500*1000 小梁尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 500*1000 400*800 300*600 200*400 100*200
大柱尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 1000*1000 1000*1000 1000*1000 1000*1000 1000*1000 小柱尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 400*400 400*400 400*400 400*400 400*400
結構跨數 3 3 3 3 3
模態數量 140 129 115 104 79 有效質量比(%) 100 100 100 100 100
衝擊載重(kgf) 40 40 40 40 40
表5.5 結構樓版採用全面鋁桁架補強下之參數設定
Truss-A Truss-B Truss-C Truss-D
樓板厚度(mm) 20 20 20 20
樓層高度(mm) 4500 4500 4500 4500 大梁尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 500*1000 500*1000 500*1000 500*1000 小梁尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 400*800 400*800 400*800 400*800 大柱尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 1000*1000 1000*1000 1000*1000 1000*1000 小柱尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 400*400 400*400 400*400 400*400
結構跨數 3 3 3 3
LTruss-A LTruss-B LTruss-C LTruss-D
樓板厚度(mm) 20 20 20 20
樓層高度(mm) 4500 4500 4500 4500 大梁尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 500*1000 500*1000 500*1000 500*1000 小梁尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 400*800 400*800 400*800 400*800 大柱尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 1000*1000 1000*1000 1000*1000 1000*1000 小柱尺寸-寬*高
(mm) 400*400 400*400 400*400 400*400
結構跨數 3 3 3 3
圖1.1 線切割機台移位而發生碰撞
圖1.2 長晶爐管傾覆破壞
圖1.3 晶舟(bolt)與石英內管破裂
圖1.4 機台腳柱彎曲破壞
圖1.7 設備基座採固定方式之振動行為與後果
圖1.8 設備基座採隔震方式之振動行為與效果
1 10 100
FREQUENCY[Hz]
107 106 105
STIFFNESS [N/m] 108
109
Allowable area 安全領域
圖1.9 CANON 微影設備動態剛度規格要求
ψ
(a)
ψ
(b)
圖2.1 摩擦支承分析模型
W R θ
x
圖2.2 摩擦單擺支承運動行為
圖2.3 Mokha 模式中摩擦係數與滑動速度之關係
圖2.4 庫侖模式中摩擦係數與滑動速度之關係
圖2.5 剪力平衡法分析流程圖
0 10 20 30 40 50
(a) 歷時圖 (b) 反應譜
圖2.9 結構樓板加速度歷時反應(TCU017,正規化至 1g;TS =0.3sec)
(a) 歷時圖 (b) 反應譜
圖2.10 結構樓板加速度歷時反應(El Centro,正規化至 1g;TS =0.7sec)
(a) 歷時圖 (b) 反應譜
圖2.11 結構樓板加速度歷時反應(TCU017,正規化至 1g;TS =0.7sec)
圖2.12 設備加速度歷時比較(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.13 設備加速度歷時比較(El Centro,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.14 隔震平台位移歷時比較(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.15 FPS 遲滯迴圈(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.16 隔震平台位移歷時比較(El Centro,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.17 FPS 遲滯迴圈(El Centro,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ =0.1)
圖2.18 設備加速度歷時比較(TCU017, PFA=0.5g, TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.19 設備加速度歷時比較(TCU017,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.20 隔震平台位移歷時比較(TCU017,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.21 隔震平台位移歷時比較(TCU017,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.22 FPS 遲滯迴圈(TCU017,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.23 FPS 遲滯迴圈(TCU017,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.24 設備加速度歷時比較(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.7sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.25 設備加速度歷時比較(El Centro,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.7sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.26 隔震平台位移歷時比較(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.7sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.27 FPS 遲滯迴圈(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.7sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.28 隔震平台位移歷時比較(El Centro,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.7sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.29 FPS 遲滯迴圈(El Centro,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.7sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.30 設備加速度歷時比較(TCU017,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.7sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.31 設備加速度歷時比較(TCU017,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.7sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.32 隔震平台位移歷時比較(TCU017,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.7sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.33 FPS 遲滯迴圈(TCU017,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.7sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.34 隔震平台位移歷時比較(TCU017,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.7sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1)
圖2.35 FPS 遲滯迴圈(TCU017,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.7sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ=0.1)
(a) 加速度比 (b) 位移
圖2.36 設備反應最大值比較(El Centro,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec)
(a) 加速度比 (b) 位移
圖2.37 設備反應最大值比較(El Centro,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =3sec)
(a) 加速度比 (b) 位移
圖2.38 設備反應最大值比較(El Centro,T =0.3sec,T =4sec)
(a) 加速度比 (b) 位移
圖2.39 設備反應最大值比較(El Centro,TS =0.7sec,TFPS =2sec)
(a) 加速度比 (b) 位移
圖2.40 設備反應最大值比較(El Centro,TS =0.7sec,TFPS =3sec)
(a) 加速度比 (b) 位移
圖2.41 設備反應最大值比較(El Centro,T =0.7sec,T =4sec)
(a) 加速度比 (b) 位移
圖2.42 設備反應最大值比較(TCU017,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec)
(a) 加速度比 (b) 位移
圖2.43 設備反應最大值比較(TCU017,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =3sec)
(a) 加速度比 (b) 位移
圖2.44 設備反應最大值比較(TCU017,T =0.3sec,T =4sec)
(a) 加速度比 (b) 位移
圖2.45 設備反應最大值比較(TCU017,TS =0.7sec,TFPS =2sec)
(a) 加速度比 (b) 位移
圖2.46 設備反應最大值比較(TCU017,TS =0.7sec,TFPS =3sec)
(a) 加速度比 (b) 位移
圖2.47 設備反應最大值比較(TCU017,T =0.7sec,T =4sec)
圖2.48 設備加速度歷時比較(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1,ψ =0.03)
圖2.49 設備加速度歷時比較(El Centro,PFA=1.0g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1,ψ = −0.03)
圖2.50 隔震平台位移歷時比較(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1,ψ =0.03)
圖2.51 隔震平台位移歷時比較(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1,ψ = −0.03)
圖2.52 FPS 遲滯迴圈(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ=0.1,ψ =0.03)
圖2.53 FPS 遲滯迴圈(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ=0.1,ψ = −0.03)
圖2.54 設備加速度歷時比較(TCU017,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1,ψ =0.03)
圖2.55 設備加速度歷時比較(TCU017,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1,ψ = −0.03)
圖2.56 隔震平台位移歷時比較(TCU017,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1,ψ =0.03)
圖2.57 隔震平台位移歷時比較(TCU017,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W=3ton,µ=0.1,ψ = −0.03)
圖2.58 FPS 遲滯迴圈(TCU017,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ=0.1,ψ =0.03)
圖2.59 FPS 遲滯迴圈(TCU017,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,TFPS =2sec, W=3ton,µ=0.1,ψ = −0.03)
圖3.1 隔震平台加裝油壓阻尼器分析模型
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5
Velocity(m/s) 0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
Fd/
Fd
α=0.3 α=0.5 α=1.0
α=1.5
α=2.0
圖3.2 阻尼力與速度之關係圖
圖3.3 剪力平衡-速度迭代法則解析流程圖
圖3.4 設備加速度歷時反應比較(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W =3ton,µ=0.1,cd =500 kgf /( / sec)m 0.5,α =0.5)
圖3.5 隔震平台位移歷時反應(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
FPS 2sec
T = ,W =3ton,µ=0.1,cd =500 kgf /( / sec)m 0.5,α =0.5)
圖3.6 油壓阻尼器遲滯迴圈(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,
圖3.6 油壓阻尼器遲滯迴圈(El Centro,PFA=0.5g,TS =0.3sec,