• 沒有找到結果。

第四章 結論與建議

第二節 建議

建議一

火害下鋼結構梁柱接頭破壞溫度與判定基準之研議:中長期建議 主辦機關:經濟部標準檢驗局

協辦機關:內政部建築研究所

CNS 12514 標準內容已規定單一梁、柱構件於標準升溫火害 實驗下,其試驗方法、支承狀況與量測變位等相關規定,依其破 壞溫度與承重能力來判定其耐火時效。然回顧實際火場中鋼結構 破壞之主要模式,係為接頭區局部挫區或大變形所導致,故接頭 火害實驗的方法與判定依據等須加以建立,經由本研究歷年所進 行國內常見 4 種實尺寸接頭之火害實驗結果,及所提之破壞溫度 判定依據與量測方法,可於該標準下增列梁柱接頭火害試驗判定 基準條文,草案如附錄一。

建議二

高韌性切削與側板式梁柱耐震接頭火害行為研究:立即可行之建 議

主辦機關:內政部建築研究所 協辦機關:內政部建築研究所

鋼梁溫度明顯低於一般接頭,其破壞模式亦如預期發生於遠離接 頭區,避免無法發揮原有之韌性之行為,而經分析比對一般接頭 與側板接頭火害行為可發現,不論在梁端點變形或梁柱相對轉角 上,不僅符合耐震要求,更可提升結構耐火時效。本研究雖已進 行該接頭火害實驗,惟過程中因側稱系統失效,造成梁加載處局 部扭轉挫區,與接頭局部挫區結果有異,建議再次規劃進行該接 頭與高韌性切削接頭火害實驗。

耐震補強式接頭火害行為研究

參考書目

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Federal Emergency Management Agency; 2000.

[2] NIST. Final report on the collapse of the World Trade Center towers. Report NIST NCSTAR 1, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg Maryland (USA); 2005.

[3] FEMA. World Trade Center building performance study: Data collection, preliminary observations, and recommendations, FEMA-403. Washington, DC (USA): Federal Emergency Management Agency; 2002.

[4] Newman GM, Robinson JT, Bailey CG. Fire safety design: A new approach to multi-storey steel framed buildings. Ascot Berkshire (UK): SCI Publication 2000,p.288.

[5] Engelhardt, M. D., Sabol, T. A. Reinforcing of Steel Moment Connections With Cover Pates: Benefits and Limitations, Engineering Structures 1998; 20:510-520.

[6] Lee, C. H., Uang, C. M. Analytical Modeling and Seismic Design of Steel Moment Connections With Welded Straigth Haunch. J.

Structural Engineering 2001;127( 9):1028-1035.

[7] Chen, C. C, Lin, C. C., Tsai, C. L. Evaluation of Reinforced Connections Between Steel Beams and Box Column. Engineering Structures 2004;26(13):1889-1904.

[8] 李智民,“H型鋼柱接擴翼鋼梁抗彎接頭之耐震行為與設計”,

耐震補強式接頭火害行為研究

[11]Plumier, A., Baus, R., Pepin, R. and Schleich, J. Antiseismic Steel Structural Work. United States Patent, No. 5148642, (1992).

[12]Engelhardt, M.D., Winnerberger, T., Zekany, A.J., and Potyraj, T.J., Experimental Investigation Dogbone Moment Connetions.

Engineering Journal 1998: 128-139.

[13]Chen, Sheng-Jin, Yeh, C.H., Chu, J.M. Ductile Steel Beam-to -Column Connections for Seismic Resistance. Journal of structural Engineering 1996:1292-99.

[14]陳誠直、陳宣維、鐘明達,“梁翼圓弧切削鋼骨梁柱接頭之耐 震行為",中國土木水利工程學刊 (2003),第15卷第一期,第 15-19頁。

[15]NIST. Final report on the collapse of the World Trade Center towers. Report NIST NCSTAR 1, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg Maryland (USA); 2005.

[16 FEMA. World Trade Center building performance study: Data collection, preliminary observations, and recommendations, FEMA-403. Washington, DC (USA): Federal Emergency Management Agency; 2002.

[17]Newman GM, Robinson JT, Bailey CG. Fire safety design: A new approach to multi-storey steel framed buildings. Ascot Berkshire (UK): SCI Publication P288; 2000.

[18] Lawson RM. Fire engineering design of steel and composite buildings. J Const Steel Res 2001;57(12):1233_47.

[19]Sakumoto Y, Yamaguchi T, Ohashi M, Saito H. High-temperature properties of fire-resistant steel for buildings. J Struct Engrg 1992;118(2):392_407.

[20] Kelly FS, Sha W. A comparison of the mechanical properties of fire-resistant and S275 structural steels. J Const Steel Res 1999;50(3):223_33.

[21]Leston-Jones LC, Lennon T, Plank RJ, Burgess IW. Elevated temperature moment-rotation tests on steelwork connections. Proc Inst Civ Eng Struct Bldgs 1997;122:410_9.

[22] Al-Jabri KS, Lennon T, Burgess IW, Plank RJ. Behaviour of steel and composite beam-column connections in fire. J Const Steel Res 1998;46(1_3): [Paper no.180].

[23]Wang WY, Li GQ, Dong YL. Experimental study and spring-component modelling of extended end-plate joints in fire. J Const Steel Res 2007;63(8): 1127_37.

[24]Ding J, Wang YC. Experimental study of structural fire behaviour of steel beam to concrete filled tubular column assemblies with different types of joints. Eng Struct 2007;29(12):3485_502.

[25]Qian ZH, Tan KH, Burgess IW. Behavior of steel beam-to- column joints at elevated temperature: Experimental investigation.

J Struct Eng 2008;134(5): 713_26.

[26]Yu H, Burgess IW, Davison JB, Plank RJ. Experimental investigation of the behaviour of fin plate connections in fire. J Const Steel Res 2009;65(3):723_36.

[27]蘇文傑,“實尺寸 H 型梁-箱型柱彎矩接頭之火害實驗研究”, intrinsic finite element analysis of nonlinear behavior of steel structures exposed to fire. Engineering Structures 2010; 32: 80-92.

[31] Mao, C.H. , Chiou, Y. J. The Stiffness Estimation of Steel Semi-Rigid Beam-Column Moment Connections in Fire Journal of

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Constructional Steel Research 2010;66:680-694.

[32]Chung H.Y. , Lee C.H., Su W.J., Lin R.Z. Application of fire-resistant steel to beam-to-column moment connections at elevated temperatures. Journal of Constructional Steel Research 2010; 66: 289-303.

[33]Lee, C.H., Chiou, Y.J., Chung, H,Y,, Chen C.J. Numerical modeling of the fire–structure behavior of steel beam-to-column connections 2011;67: 1386-40.

[34]陳生金,「鋼結構行為與設計」,P147~187, 2009.

[35]方朝俊,“火害對耐火鋼構件銲接及栓接行為影響”,國立台灣 科技大學營建工程學系,台北 (2000)。

附錄一

CNS 12514建築物構造部分耐火試驗法 建議增修條文內容

(黑斜體字部分) 9.性能基準與判定

試驗進行至預定試驗時間終止,試體之耐火性及防火時效須依下列 性能基準加以判定。

9.1 承重能力

若量測結果超過下列每項性能基準, 試體即視為承重能力失敗。

(1) 水平承重構造(樓板、屋頂、梁等) 最大撓曲度(mm), D=L2 /400d

最大撓曲速率(mm/min),dD/dt=L2/9000d

式中, L=試體之淨跨度(支承點間距), (mm) 。

d=試體構造斷面之壓縮側緣至拉伸側緣之距離, (mm) 。

參考: 通常撓度已超過L/30, 始開始應用撓曲速率基準。

(2) 垂直承重構造(牆壁、柱等)

最大軸向壓縮量(mm),C=h/100

最大軸向壓縮速率(mm/min),dC/dt=3h/1000 式中, h=試體之初始高度,(mm) 。

備考:依第5.3.3 節未進行加載試驗但測定構造中鋼材溫度之試 體, 其鋼材溫度最高值若超過550℃ 或平均值若超過500℃ , 即 表示試體構造已達破壞溫度,視為承重能力失敗。

(3) 鋼結構梁柱接頭

最大層間變位轉角 (rad)4 %

式中層間變位轉角為梁端總位移除以梁端至柱腹中心線之長

度,如下圖所示。

耐震補強式接頭火害行為研究

反曲點

梁跨中央反曲點 未變梁心

反曲點

塑性鉸

L

L'

層間變位轉角=Δ/L

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