探討各種因素對 As5+/ As3+比值之影響

為瞭解臭氧及溼度對 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值之影響，進一步 將臭氧濃度及溼度再區 分成三個範圍。表 4- 7為探討不同臭氧濃度範圍對 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值之影響，由表之 數據可知臭氧之濃度愈低，其氧化能力愈弱，五價砷濃度並未隨著臭氧濃度降低 而有明顯變化，但三價砷濃度卻隨著臭氧濃度降低而有升高之現象，導致 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值隨臭濃濃度升高而變高。表 4- 8為探討不同溼度範圍對 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值之 影響，溼度愈低五價砷及三價砷濃度均有下降之趨勢，但三價砷濃度下降之幅度 較大，致使 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值隨溼度下降而有上升之趨勢。

由相關之數據發現除了本研究所預判之臭氧、溼度及酸度三種因素會影響 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值以外，溫度此一因素會影響臭氧之濃度變化，亦會改變溼度之高低

，同時也與酸度之變化有關聯。故將臭氧、溫度、溼度、風速、酸度均列入複迴 歸分析之自變項中，藉由複迴歸之結果來探討那些因子與 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值之變化 有顯著相關，並比較那個因子對 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值之變化有較大之貢獻此例。表 4- 9 為 As⁵⁺/As³⁺比值與總酸度及各種變數之複迴歸分析結果，其中風速及酸度均未達 統計上之顯著，而臭氧、溫度、溼度等三因素均達統計上之顯著。臭氧與 As⁵⁺/As³⁺

比值呈正相關，即臭氧濃度愈高，As⁵⁺/As³⁺比值也愈高；而溫度及溼度度分別與 As⁵⁺/As³⁺比值呈負相關，亦即溫度愈高 As⁵⁺/As³⁺比值則愈低，溼度愈高 As⁵⁺/As³⁺

比值則愈低。此三種因素可解釋之總變量已高達 93.0%，其中又以臭氧其可解釋 之變量為最高(38.0%)。值得注意的是溫度不僅與 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值之變化有顯著相 關，且此一因素其可解釋之變量亦高達 32.0%，顯示溫度對 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值之變化 有不可忽略之影響力。由於溫度會影響臭氧濃度之變化、溼度之高低及氣膠酸度 之強弱，故其對 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值之變化仍存在與其他因素之共伴影響力，值得再 繼續深入研究。

表 4- 7 不同臭氧濃度範圍對 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值之影響

第 五 章 總 結

沿海地區之總砷、三價砷及五價砷等物種之濃度均高於內陸地區，但 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比 值在沿海與內陸間之差異極微。沿海之臭氧濃度及氣膠酸度雖均明顯高於內陸，有利於 高 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值之發生；但不利於高 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值發生之溼度卻是沿海高於內陸，綜 合其結果造成沿海與內陸其 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值無明顯差異。在日間與夜間之比較上，日間 之臭氧濃度及氣膠酸度雖均顯著高於夜間，且日間之溼度亦明顯低於夜間，在高臭氧、

低溼度及高氣膠酸度此三種有利因素下，日間之 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值明顯高於夜間。在季節 比較上，以秋季其 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值為最低，在數據之分析探討，發現有疑似由臭氧、溼 度及酸度三種以外之因素所造成之結果。

將臭氧分成高中低三種濃度範圍，發現臭氧濃度較高其 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值也偏高。另 將溼度分成高中低三種濃度範圍，結果發現溼度愈高其 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值則偏低。將 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值與臭氧、溫度、溼度、風速及氣膠酸度進行複迴歸分析，其中風速及酸度均未 達統計上之顯著，而臭氧與 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值呈顯著之正相關，溫度及溼度分別與 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值呈顯著之負相關。臭氧、溫度及溼度可解釋 As⁵⁺/ As³⁺比值變化之總變量高達 93.0%，其中以臭氧之可解釋變量為最高(38.0%)，其次為溫度(32.0%)，濕度則佔 23.0%

。

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計畫名稱：探討臭氧、溼度及氣膠酸度對氣膠中三價砷（As (Ⅲ)）與五價砷（As (V)）比值變化之

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