第四章 模擬實驗與結果分析
4.3 實驗結果
4.3.4 汽車及公車緩衝區大小之效能評估
在訊息送達率中如圖 27,Epidemic Routing 及 Prophet Routing 皆因緩衝區增大,而 訊息送達率高。但需空間大的緩衝區才能呈現高送達率,而我們的方法僅需汽車緩衝區 25MB 公車緩衝區 50MB 即足夠,可減少更多的緩衝區成本,以低成本即可有高送達率。
在網路負載及訊息延遲率中如圖 28、29,緩衝區增加可以載送更多的訊息,傳送的 封包數減少,訊息的送達率提高,網路負載及訊息延遲率降低。
25 50 75
Kiosk Based 363.0266 265.5584 240.4293
Epidemic 618.7448 460.1481 447.1792
Prophet 601.7042 529.0673 448.8442
0
Delay Time (sec)
Latency Time
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5MB,25MB 25MB,50MB 50MB,100MB
Kiosk Based 0.3788 0.4671 0.4658
Epidemic 0.2315 0.3411 0.45
Prophet 0.2966 0.3932 0.4856
0
Succ es sfu l d eliv er y ra tio
Delivery Ratio
5MB,25MB 25MB,50MB 50MB,100MB
Kiosk Based 88.5226 116.3182 116.0647
Epidemic 7557.2929 4361.7972 3057.4872
Prophet 2338.836 2748.8902 2826.4838
0
Transmission Overhead
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Routing 而言一直重新計算節點的相遇次數及訊息傳送率,形成整個網路負載增加,而 訊息送達機率因速度增快可以愈快速送給其他節點,而減少延遲。5MB,25MB 25MB,50MB 50MB,100MB
Kiosk Based 279.8036 306.9092 306.721
Epidemic 961.9645 590.9948 623.0728
Prophet 584.9296 623.6629 661.1472
0
Delay Time (sec)
Latency Time
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20~30 km/h 30~40 km/h 40~60 km/h
Kiosk Based 0.3719 0.3863 0.3788
Epidemic 0.1993 0.1979 0.1993
Prophet 0.2589 0.276 0.2521
0
Succ es sfu l d eliv er y ra tio
Delivery Ratio
20~30 km/h 30~40 km/h 40~60 km/h
Kiosk Based 92.267 92.945 88.5226
Epidemic 2778.433 3053.4498 3203.6048
Prophet 1249.1429 1213.2754 1320.6196
0
Transmission Overhead
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圖 32:公車速度-延遲時間
20~30 km/h 30~40 km/h 40~60 km/h
Kiosk Based 278.3672 263.8156 279.8036
Epidemic 519.4567 478.5474 444.2677
Prophet 471.887 531.9675 466.6236
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Delay Time (sec)
Latency Time
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Routing 及 Prophet Routings 相比有較佳的效能。在訊息送達率中,當網路的節點愈多規模愈大時,雖送達率下降,但我們提出的封 包轉發策略較 Epidemic routing 及 Prophet Routing 仍有較佳的訊息傳送率;針對系統的 負載程度,我們提出的方法對於節點的緩衝區大小汽車僅需 25MB 公車僅需 50MB,不 需要太多的緩衝區除了可以省電亦可節省建置成本;在訊息的延遲時間,因本文主要結 合公車行駛固定路線及汽車隨機式的行駛,綜合行駛固定及隨機路線的優勢,由實驗結 果得知,我們提出的方法使系統的延遲時間整體降低,且我們提出的方法較適用於訊息 容量大且節點緩衝區大小受限並基於成本考量的情況下,有較佳的實驗結果而相較於 Epidemic routing 及 Prophet Routing 需利用各節點配置容量較大的緩衝區情形下才能在
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訊息送達率、傳送負載、延遲時間有較好的結果。
5.2 未來展望
我們提出的封包轉發策略,公車轉運站為多個同方向公車路線的交匯點,目前一個 公車轉運站只得知有限的公車路線資訊,而非全部的公車路線資訊,故在未來的方向中,
可再利用公車轉運站的各公車路線交匯點的優勢,再增加為公車轉運站得知全部各公車 轉運站的公車路線資訊,在此情況下將使最適公車的挑選機制更精確及完善。
以公車亭為基礎之耐延遲車載網路封包轉發策略,主要由四個節點組合成的七種不 同訊息規則判斷方式,我們提出的方法主要利用於市區的環境,在未來展望中,可動態 調整依不同的環境及時間地點或汽車、公車數量選擇不同的訊息轉發方案,例如在凌晨 的時間點,並無公車行駛,此時的訊息判斷方式可利用汽車和汽車相遇的方式傳送訊息;
如果是在市區公車數量多的情況下,可利用汽車和公車相遇並利用公車及公車站、公車 轉運站的結合傳送訊息;以動態調整並選擇合適的規則判斷方式亦為未來可加深研究的 方向。
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