• 沒有找到結果。

在此論文中,我們改進一個系統行為層級模擬環境,使之得以快速評估應用 程式在不同系統結構上的效能以及記憶體系統功率資訊。模擬速度上,比起精確 的週期指令集模擬器 ARM SoC Designer,抽象化應用程式行為與硬體結構作系統 層級的模擬有速度上的優勢,平均約有 15 至 25 倍的提升;但是誤差也會隨著硬 體架構的複雜化提升,雙核心架構的誤差約達 8.16%,四核心則為 11.78%,雖有 些微提升,但仍在可作為參考的範圍之內,這是未來可以探討改進的空間。

另外在功率方面,我們提供函數層級的記憶體系統功率模型與能量相關資訊,

並將應用程式裡各函數對記憶體系統的功率值建成功率函數資料庫,在效能模擬 的同時,估量應用程式對記憶體系統的功率與耗能,並且評估其誤差,測試的應 用程式誤差大約皆低於 6%,可見功率函數資料庫的可用性,

未來,隨著硬體結構的複雜化,軟體程式的多樣化,系統層級的行為模擬挑 戰性也日趨上升。例如雙核心與四核心甚至更多核心的行為比起單核心的結構,

必定多出許多溝通以及資源分享,包括之前提過的仲裁方針、資料一致性的協議 等。因此,後續研究的重點是將這些複雜的資訊抽象化,設計出更多的軟體及硬 體模組加入目前的模擬環境,改善其誤差率,提高可伸縮性(Scalability),提供更 穩定且可信的模擬環境將是未來展望之一。

其次,功率的部份在本文中討論了記憶體系統部分,尚未提供處理器以及匯 流排等相關資訊,未來可將系統其他元件考量入模擬環境中,提供設計者更全面 的參考,做更多研究的應用,例如根據 SoC 中各元件所需的功率做最合適的區塊 劃分,達到節省成本及能耗的作用等。此外,將函數功率資料庫擴充至微作業系 統(Micro-OS)或是更多的應用程式也是未來展望之ㄧ,上述實驗可以得知函數 功率資料庫的可用性,若應用至嵌入式系統中的作業系統,提供核心中系統呼叫 及標準函式庫等的功率資訊,可以進而了解作業系統對於功率及能耗的需求,對

軟體層面所帶來的功耗影響做更近一步的分析及研究。

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