5.1 結論
無線網路近年來於 VANET 通訊中極為盛行,而道路間使用網際網路首當其衝 即 是 解 決 車 輛 快 速 行 進 下 跨 越 不 同 的 RSU 所 需 的 切 換 動 作 , 但 目 前 IEEE 802.11p 標準中使用的換手流程為原 IEEE 802.11a 之換手流程,即當車輛與 RSU 間的連線中斷後,將會進行重新搜尋鄰近其他可使用 RSU,接著進行認證建 立網路連線。在此行為下,由於車輛等到訊號中斷才進行換手,易造成長時間之換 手延遲及大量封包遺失的產生,降低整體網路傳輸效能。
有鑒於此,本論文在 VANET 網路環境下加入 IEEE 802.21 MIH 以達到預先換 手的服務,於即將斷線前便開始透過 MIHF 尋找新的 RSU,而本論文在此依車輛行 駛特性,利用 GPS 與 OBU 取得車輛位置、方向、速度、車輛行駛方向訊號等資訊 作為換手決策考量,基於位置及方向之決策更符合且有效的於 VANET 市區街道交 叉路口進行換手程序,有別於一般只單純依據訊號強度來做為換手決策,需先等連 線中斷後掃瞄新的存取網路,並重新建立連線,可藉此減少因多次換手程序造成的 延遲時間及提升傳輸效能。最後並藉由 NS-2 網路模擬器驗證本論文所是的方法,
由模擬結果顯示,本論文之 PDHO 換手機制確實能改善 VANET 街道交叉路口環境 下換手的效能,降低換手延遲並提升網路傳輸量。
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5.2 未來研究方向
未來研究上,對於 GPS 規劃路徑上與換手決策的整合將會設計的更加精進,預 期可即時動態更新,將能使整體效能更為提昇,以解決於 VANET 環境中快速移動 且需頻繁的進行換手流程所造成之高延遲問題。而現今網路多元,愈來愈多種存取 網路並存,因此,將來可針對異質性網路換手進深入探討,加入多元的換手決策考 量因素,如,頻寬、費用、使用者密度等,提供使用者更彈性且方便的網路環境。
此外,對於 GPS 定位誤差方面亦有改善空間,相信未來若能針對 GPS 定位精 準度上加以深入探討研究,以增進 ITS 並提供更準確的資訊不僅能使駕駛安心行駛 亦能保有方便穩定的網路存取服務。
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