8-1 結論
1. 經污水處理廠處理後,可去除 89%BOD 與 SS,放流水 BOD 與 SS 濃度 於20mg/L,有效降低對承受水體污染。
2. 選用兩台螺旋式抽水機,輪流交替使用,其每台可提供 6.65m 揚程,本
廠總水頭損失約3.64m,經由抽水站提高揚程後,污水以重力流方式流
動。
3. 鼓風機房設置 3 台鼓風機以提供曝氣池之需氧量,2 台用 1 台備用。
8-2 建議
1. 感謝系上老師安排此終端課程,學習給、污水工程及各單元操作,進而 設計污水處理廠,在做的過程儘管有前人的經驗但是還遇更多的不足,
也才知道之前上的預修課程原來是非常重要!
2. 希望這門課能夠延續下去,也希望後備修這門課可以更完整更好,甚至 能夠成為系上的傳統。
附錄
z 質量平衡
平均日質量平衡第一輪 1. 污水條件:(p.334,Qasim)
已知 Q=5000CMD,BOD=180mg/L,TSS=180mg/L 假設初沉池去除率 BOD34%,TSS63%(p.268,Qasim) 假設初沉污泥固體率 4.5%,比重 1.03
2.初沉污泥計算:
a.計算進流之質量(乾重):
BOD=5000×180×10-3=900.00kg/d TSS=5000×180×10-3=900.00kg/d b.計算去除之質量(乾重):
BOD=900×34%=306.00kg/d SS=900×63%=567.00kg/d
c.計算去除之流量(含水濕體積流率):
只算 TSS,估計 Solid content=4.5%,s=1.03, 則 Qw=
) 10 1.03 (
% 5 . 4
567
× 3
× =12.23CMD
d.計算出流之流量(含水濕體積流率):
Qe=5000-12.23=4987.77CMD e.計算出流之質量(乾重):
BOD=900-306=594.00kg/d SS=900-567=333.00kg/d f.計算出流之濃度:
BOD=
(實驗)已知 Y=0.5,θc=10d, MLVSS=3000mg/L
,kd=0.06d-1,Xr=10000mg/L,Se=7.4mg/L(p.308,Qasim)
=174.09kg/d △TSS=
174 =217.61kg/d
Or Px=
=217.61kg/d b.計算廢棄之污泥質量(乾重):
TSSw=217.61-(4987.77-31.60*)×20×10-3=118.49kg/d (∵MLSS=
3000=3750mg/L)
廢棄污泥體積流率 Qw=
118 =31.60*CMDok)
Qw 中 BOD 量:118.49×0.65×1.42×0.68=74.37kg/d Qw 水中 BOD:31.60×7.4*×10-3=0.23kg/d
Qw 中 BOD 總量:74.37+0.23=74.60kg/d
*20mg/L×0.65×1.42×0.68=12.6mg/L,20-12.6=7.4mg/L
4.污泥濃縮計算:
a.計算混合污泥之流量與水質:
Q=12.23+31.60=43.83CMD BOD=306+74.60=380.60kg/d TSS=567+118.49=685.49kg/d
b.計算濃縮後污泥之流量與水質(6%SC,s=1.03) TSS=685.49×(1-15%)=582.67kg/d(15%在上澄液) Q=
TSS=685.49×15%=102.82kg/d(15%在上澄液) BOD=102.82×0.555=57.09kg/d(
49
=9711.11kg/d TVS=582.67×0.75=437.22kg/d(另 0.25 為 FS)
9498.45=∵ TS=355.31-10.40=344.91kg/d
Q=9.43-2.60=6.83CMD
6.污泥脫水計算:
a.計算污泥脫水之放流流量(BOD 1500mg/L)≒ :
(設 SC=25%,s=1.06,75%調理劑變成 SS:無機 5%有機 2%,脫水機抓泥 95%) TS=344.91×95%+344.91×(5%+2%)×75%=345.78kg/d
污泥餅量=
TSSe=344.91×5%+344.91×(5%+2%)×25%=23.28kg/d Or 344.91+344.91×7%-345.78=23.28kg/d
×103=4215.20mg/L BOD=
52 . 5
8.28×103=1500.00mg/L
BOD5 TSS Waste Stream Flow(CMD) kg/d mg/L kg/d mg/L Primary sludge 12.23 306.00 ─ 567.00 ─ Primary treated effluent 4987.77 594.00 119.09 333.00 66.76
Thickener return 34.40 57.09 ─ 102.82 ─ Digester return 2.60 7.80 ─ 10.40 ─ Filtrate return 5.52 8.28 ─ 23.28 ─ Combined return flow 42.53 73.18 ─ 136.51 ─ Influent to aeration basin a 5030.29 667.18 132.63 469.51 93.34
表二、平均日第一輪總結
平均日質量平衡第二輪
已知初沉池設計條件:(p.334,Qasim) Q=5000CMD,BOD=180mg/L,TSS=180mg/L
假設初沉池去除率 BOD34%,TSS63%(p.268,Qasim) 假設初沉污泥固體率 4.5%,比重 1.03
1.初沉污泥計算:
a.計算進流之質量(乾重):
BOD=5000×180×10-3=900.00kg/d TSS=5000×180×10-3=900.00kg/d b.計算去除之質量(乾重):
BOD=900×34%=306.00kg/d TSS=900×63%=567.00kg/d
c.計算去除之流量(含水濕體積流率):
只算 TSS,估計 Solid content=4.5%,s=1.03,
則 Qw=
Qe=4987.77+34.40+2.60+5.52=5030.29CMD e.計算出流之質量(乾重):
BOD=594.00+57.09+7.80+8.28=667.18kg/d TSS=333.00+102.82+10.40+23.28=469.51kg/d f.計算出流之濃度
(實驗)已知 Y=0.5,θc=10d,MLVSS=3000mg/L
,kd=0.06d-1,Xr=10000mg/L,Se=7.4mg/L (p.308,Qasim)
=196.86kg/d △TSS=
196.86=246.08kg/d
Or Px=
=246.08kg/d b.計算廢棄之污泥質量(乾重):
TSSw=246.08-(5030.29-39.00*)×20×10-3=146.25kg/d ( MLSS=∵
3000=3750mg/L)
廢棄污泥體積流率 Qw=
75 . 3 146.25
=39.00*CMDok) Qw 中 BOD 量:146.25×0.65×1.42×0.68=91.79kg/d Qw 水中 BOD:39.00×7.4*×10-3=0.29kg/d
Qw 中 BOD 總量:91.79+0.29=92.08kg/d
*20mg/L×0.65×1.42×0.68=12.6mg/L,20-12.6=7.4mg/L
3.污泥濃縮計算:
a.計算混合污泥之流量與水質:
Q=12.23+39.00=51.23CMD BOD=306+92.08=398.08kg/d TSS=567+146.25=713.25kg/d
b.計算濃縮後污泥之流量與水質(6%SC,s=1.03) TSS=713.25×(1-15%)=606.26kg/d(15%在上澄液) Q=
TSS=713.25×15%=106.99kg/d(15%在上澄液) BOD=106.99×0.558=59.71kg/d(
713.25
398.08=0.558)
4.污泥消化計算:
606.26 =10104.39kg/d
TVS=606.26×0.752=456.09kg/d(另 0.248 為 FS)
(設初沉污泥有機成份 74%,生物污泥 80%,( TS=358.22×95%+358.22×(5%+2%)×75%=359.12kg/d
污泥餅量=
TSSe=358.22×5%+358.22×(5%+2%)×25%=24.18kg/d Or 358.22+358.22×7%-359.12=24.18kg/d
b.計算污泥脫水之放流水質(BOD 1500mg/L)≒ : TSS=
5.74
24.18 ×103=4214.88mg/L
BOD=
5.74
8.61×103=1500.00mg/L
BOD5 TSS
Waste Stream Flow(CMD) kg/d mg/L kg/d mg/L Primary sludge 12.23 306.00 ─ 567.00 ─ Primary treated effluent 4987.77 594.00 119.09 333.00 66.76
Thickener return 41.42 59.71 ─ 106.99 ─ Digester return 2.72 8.15 ─ 10.87 ─ Filtrate return 5.74 8.61 ─ 24.18 ─ Combined return flow 49.88 76.47 ─ 142.04 ─ Influent to aeration basin a 5037.65 670.47 133.09 475.04 94.30
表三、平均日第二輪總結
平均日質量平衡第三輪
已知初沉池設計條件:(p.334,Qasim) Q=5000CMD,BOD=180mg/L,TSS=180mg/L
假設初沉池去除率 BOD34%,TSS63%(p.268,Qasim) 假設初沉污泥固體率 4.5%,比重 1.03
1.初沉污泥計算:
a.計算進流之質量(乾重):
BOD=5000×180×10-3=900.00kg/d TSS=5000×180×10-3=900.00kg/d b.計算去除之質量(乾重):
BOD=900×34%=306.00kg/d
Qe=4987.77+41.42+2.72+5.74=5037.65CMD e.計算出流之質量(乾重):
BOD=594.00+59.71+8.15+8.61=670.47kg/d TSS=333.00+106.99 +10.87+24.18=475.04kg/d f.計算出流之濃度
(實驗)已知 Y=0.5,θc=10d,MLVSS=3000mg/L,
kd=0.06d-1,Xr=10000mg/L,Se=7.4mg/L(p.308,Qasim)
=197.87kg/d △TSS=
197.87=247.34kg/d
Or Px=
=247.34kg/d
b.計算廢棄之污泥質量(乾重):
TSSw=247.34-(5037.65-39.30*)×20×10-3=147.37kg/d ( MLSS=∵
3000=3750mg/L)
廢棄污泥體積流率 Qw=
75 . 3 147.37
=39.30*CMDok) Qw 中 BOD 量:147.37×0.65×1.42×0.68=92.50kg/d Qw 水中 BOD:39.30×7.4*×10-3=0.29kg/d
3.污泥濃縮計算:
a.計算混合污泥之流量與水質:
Q=12.23+39.30=51.53CMD BOD=306+92.79=398.79kg/d TSS=567+147.37=714.37kg/d
b.計算濃縮後污泥之流量與水質(6%SC,s=1.03) TSS=714.37×(1-15%)=607.22kg/d(15%在上澄液) Q=
TSS=714.37×15%=107.16kg/d(15%在上澄液) BOD=107.16×0.558=59.82kg/d(
714.37
398.79=0.558)
4.污泥消化計算:
607.22 =10120.29kg/d
TVS=607.22×0.752=456.86kg/d(另 0.248 為 FS) TS=358.76×95%+358.76×(5%+2%)×75%=359.66kg/d
污泥餅量=
TSSe=358.76×5%+358.76×(5%+2%)×25%=24.22kg/d Or 358.22+358.22×7%-359.66=24. 22kg/d
b.計算污泥脫水之放流水質(BOD 1500mg/L)≒ : TSS=
5.75
24.22 ×103=4214.88mg/L
BOD=
5.75
8.62×103=1500.00mg/L
BOD5 TSS
Waste Stream Flow(CMD) kg/d mg/L kg/d mg/L Primary sludge 12.23 306.00 ─ 567.00 ─ Primary treated effluent 4987.77 594.00 119.09 333.00 66.76
Thickener return 41.71 59.82 ─ 107.16 ─ Digester return 2.72 8.17 ─ 10.89 ─ Filtrate return 5.75 8.62 ─ 24.22 ─ Combined return flow 50.18 76.61 ─ 142.26 ─ Influent to aeration basin a 5037.95 670.61 133.11 475.26 94.34
表四、平均日第三輪總結
最大日質量平衡第一輪 1.初沉污泥計算:
a.計算進流之質量(乾重):
BOD=10000×180×10-3=1800.00kg/d TSS=10000×180×10-3=1800.00kg/d b.計算去除之質量(乾重):
BOD=1800×34%=612.00kg/d TSS=1800×63%=1134.00kg/d
c.計算去除之流量(含水濕體積流率):
Qe=10000-24.47=9975.53CMD e.計算出流之質量(乾重):
BOD=1800-612=1188.00kg/d TSS=1800-1134=666.00kg/d f.計算出流之濃度
BOD=
9975.53
1188 ×103=119.09mg/L
TSS=
=348.18kg/d △TSS=
348 =435.23kg/d
Or Px=
=435.23kg/d b.計算廢棄之污泥質量(乾重):
TSSw=435.23-(9975.53-63.19*)×20×10-3=236.98kg/d
( MLSS=∵
3000=3750mg/L)
廢棄污泥體積流率 Qw=
75 . 3 236.98
=63.19*CMDok) Qw 中 BOD 量:236.98×0.65×1.42×0.68=148.74kg/d Qw 水中 BOD:63.19×7.4*×10-3=0.47kg/d
Qw 中 BOD 總量:148.74+0.47=149.21kg/d
*20mg/L×0.65×1.42×0.68=12.6mg/L,20-12.6=7.4mg/L
3.污泥濃縮計算:
a.計算混合污泥之流量與水質:
Q=24.47+63.19=87.66CMD BOD=612+149.21=761.21kg/d TSS=1134+236.98=1370.98kg/d
b.計算濃縮後污泥之流量與水質(6%SC,s=1.03)
TSS=1370.98×(1-15%)=1165.33kg/d(15%在上澄液) Q=
TSS=1370.98×15%=205.65kg/d(15%在上澄液) BOD=205.65×0.555=114.18kg/d(
1370.98
761.21 =0.555)
4.污泥消化計算:
1165.33=19422.22kg/d
TVS=1165.33×0.75=874.43kg/d(另 0.25 為 FS) TS=689.83×95%+689.83×(5%+2%)×75%=691.55kg/d
污泥餅量=
TSSe=689.83×5%+689.83×(5%+2%)×25%=46.56kg/d Or 689.83+689.83×7%-691.55=46.56kg/d
c.計算污泥脫水之放流水質(BOD 15≒ 00mg/L):
TSS=
05 . 11
46.56 ×103=4215.20mg/L
BOD=
05 . 11
16.57 ×103=1500.00mg/L
BOD5 TSS
Waste Stream Flow(CMD) kg/d mg/L kg/d mg/L Primary sludge 24.47 612.00 ─ 1134.00 ─ Primary treated effluent 9975.53 1188.00 119.09 666.00 66.76
Thickener return 68.80 114.18 ─ 205.65 ─ Digester return 5.20 15.60 ─ 20.80 ─ Filtrate return 11.05 16.57 ─ 46.56 ─ Combined return flow 85.05 146.35 ─ 273.01 ─ Influent to aeration basin a 10060.59 1334.35 132.63 939.01 93.34
表五、最大日第一輪總結
最大日質量平衡第二輪
已知初沉池設計條件:(p.334,Qasim)
Q=10000CMD,BOD=180mg/L,TSS=180mg/L 假設初沉池去除率 BOD34%,TSS63%(p.268,Qasim) 假設初沉污泥固體率 4.5%,比重 1.03
1.初沉污泥計算:
a.計算進流之質量(乾重):
BOD=10000×180×10-3=1800.00kg/d
TSS=10000×180×10-3=1800.00kg/d b.計算去除之質量(乾重):
BOD=1800×34%=612.00kg/d TSS=1800×63%=1134.00kg/d c.去除之流量(含水濕體積流率):
Qe=9975.53+68.80+5.20+11.05=10060.59CMD e.出流之質量(乾重):
BOD=1188.00+114.18+15.60+16.57=1334.35kg/d TSS=666.00+205.65+20.80+46.56=939.01kg/d f.出流之濃度
(實驗)已知 Y=0.5,θc=10d,MLVSS=3000mg/L,
kd=0.06d-1,Xr=10000mg/L,Se=7.4mg/L (p.308,Qasim)
=393.72kg/d △TSS=
393.72=492.15kg/d
Or Px=
=492.15kg/d b.計算廢棄之污泥質量(乾重):
3000=3750mg/L)
廢棄污泥體積流率 Qw=
75 . 3 292.50
=78.00*CMDok) Qw 中 BOD 量:292.50×0.65×1.42×0.68=183.58kg/d Qw 水中 BOD:78.00×7.4*×10-3=0.58kg/d
Qw 中 BOD 總量:292.50+0.58=184.16kg/d
*20mg/L×0.65×1.42×0.68=12.6mg/L,20-12.6=7.4mg/L
3.污泥濃縮計算:
a.計算混合污泥之流量與水質:
Q=24.47+78.00=102.47CMD BOD=612+184.16=796.16kg/d TSS=1134+292.50=1426.50kg/d
b.計算濃縮後污泥之流量與水質(6%SC,s=1.03)
TSS=1426.50×(1-15%)=1212.52kg/d(15%在上澄液) Q=
TSS=1426.50×15%=213.97kg/d(15%在上澄液) BOD=213.97×0.558=119.42kg/d(
1426.50
796.16 =0.558)
4.污泥消化計算:
1212.52=20208.71kg/d
TVS=1212.52×0.752=912.18kg/d(另 0.248 為 FS) (設初沉污泥有機成份 74%,生物污泥 80%,( TS=738.19-21.74=716.44kg/d
Q=19.62-5.44=14.18CMD
5.污泥脫水計算:
a.計算污泥脫水之放流流量(BOD 1500mg/L)≒ :
(設 SC=25%,s=1.06,75%調理劑變成 SS:無機 5%有機 2%,脫水機抓泥 95%)
TS=716.44×95%+716.44×(5%+2%)×75%=718.23kg/d 污泥餅量=
) 10 06 . 1 (
% 25
718.23
× 3
× =2.71CMD
濾液量 Qe=14.18-2.71=11.47CMD BODe=11.47×1500×10-3=17.21kg/d
TSSe=716.44×5%+716.44×(5%+2%)×25%=48.36kg/d Or 716.44+716.44×7%-718.23=48.36kg/d
b.計算污泥脫水之放流水質(BOD 1500mg/L)≒ : TSS=
11.47 48.36
×103=4214.88mg/L BOD=
11.47 17.21
×103=1500.00mg/L
BOD5 TSS
Waste Stream Flow(CMD) kg/d mg/L kg/d mg/L Primary sludge 24.47 612.00 ─ 1134.00 ─ Primary treated effluent 9975.53 1188.00 119.09 666.00 66.76
Thickener return 82.85 119.42 ─ 213.97 ─ Digester return 5.44 16.31 ─ 21.74 ─ Filtrate return 11.47 17.21 ─ 48.36 ─ Combined return flow 99.75 152.94 ─ 284.08 ─ Influent to aeration basin a 10075.28 1340.96 133.09 950.08 94.30
表六、最大日第二輪總結
最大日質量平衡第三輪
已知初沉池設計條件:(p.334,Qasim)
Q=10000CMD,BOD=180mg/L,TSS=180mg/L
假設初沉池去除率 BOD34%,TSS63%(p.268,Qasim) 假設初沉污泥固體率 4.5%,比重 1.03
1.初沉污泥計算:
a.計算進流之質量(乾重):
BOD=10000×180×10-3=1800.00kg/d TSS=10000×180×10-3=1800.00kg/d b.計算去除之質量(乾重):
BOD=1800×34%=612.00kg/d TSS=1800×63%=1134.00kg/d
c.計算去除之流量(含水濕體積流率):
只算 TSS,估計 Solid content=4.5%,s=1.03, 則 Qw=
) 10 1.03 (
% 5 . 4
1134
× 3
× =24.47CMD d.計算出流之流量(含水濕體積流率):
Qe=9975.53+82.85+5.44+11.47=10075.28CMD e.計算出流之質量(乾重):
BOD=1188.00+119.42+16.31+17.21=1340.94kg/d TSS=666.00+213.97 +21.74+48.36=950.08kg/d f.計算出流之濃度
BOD=
10075.28
1340.94 ×103=133.09mg/L
TSS=
10075.28
950.08 ×103=94.30mg/L
2.生物污泥計算:
(實驗)已知 Y=0.5,θc=10d,MLVSS=3000mg/L
kd=0.06d-1,Xr=10000mg/L,Se=7.4mg/L (p.308,Qasim) a.計算增加之生物質量(乾重):
Yobs=
=395.74kg/d △TSS=
=494.68kg/d
Or Px=
=494.68kg/d b.計算廢棄之污泥質量(乾重):
TSSw=494.68-(10075.28-78.60*)×20×10-3=294.75kg/d ( MLSS=∵
3000=3750mg/L)
廢棄污泥體積流率 Qw=
75 . 3 294.75
=78.60*CMDok) Qw 中 BOD 量:294.75×0.65×1.42×0.68=185.00kg/d BOD=612+185.58=797.58kg/d TSS=1134+294.75=1428.75kg/d
b.計算濃縮後污泥之流量與水質(6%SC,s=1.03)
TSS=1428.75×(1-15%)=1214.44kg/d(15%在上澄液) Q=
TSS=1428.75×15%=214.31kg/d(15%在上澄液) BOD=214.31×0.558=119.64kg/d(
1428.75
797.58 =0.558)
4.污泥消化計算:
1214.44=20240.59kg/d
TVS=1214.44×0.752=913.71kg/d(另 0.248 為 FS) (設初沉污泥有機成份 74%,生物污泥 TS=739.30-21.78=717.52kg/d
Q=19.65-5.45=14.21CMD
5.污泥脫水計算:
a.計算污泥脫水之放流流量(BOD 1500mg/L)≒ :
(設 SC=25%,s=1.06,75%調理劑變成 SS:無機 5%有機 2%,脫水機抓泥 95%) TS=717.52×95%+717.52×(5%+2%)×75%=719.31kg/d
污泥餅量=
) 10 06 . 1 (
% 25
719.31
× 3
× =2.71CMD
濾液量 Qe=14.21-2.71=11.49CMD BODe=11.49×1500×10-3=17.24kg/d
TSSe=717.52×5%+717.52×(5%+2%)×25%=48.43kg/d Or 717.52+717.52×7%-719.31=48.43kg/d
b.計算污泥脫水之放流水質(BOD 1500mg/L)≒ : TSS=
11.49
48.43×103=4214.88mg/L
BOD=
11.49
17.24×103=1500.00mg/L
BOD5 TSS
Waste Stream Flow(CMD) kg/d mg/L kg/d mg/L Primary sludge 24.47 612.00 ─ 1134.00 ─ Primary treated effluent 9975.53 1188.00 119.09 666.00 66.76
Thickener return 83.41 119.64 ─ 214.31 ─ Digester return 5.45 16.34 ─ 21.78 ─ Filtrate return 11.49 17.24 ─ 48.43 ─ Combined return flow 100.35 153.21 ─ 284.53 ─ Influent to aeration basin a 10075.88 1341.21 133.11 950.53 94.34
表七、最大日第三輪總結