7.MARKETING AND CONSUMPTION - (農業試驗所特刊第187號)台灣紅龍果生產技術改進研討會專刊

The fresh fruits are consumed in both domestic nation (15 -20 %) and

ŅųŢŨŰůġŧųŶŪŵġűųŰťŶŤŵŪŰůġŢůťġŤŰůŴŶŮűŵŪŰůġŪůġŗŪŦŵůŢŮ

Figure 7. The process of post harvest management for dragon fruit in Vietnam

at local wet market and supermarket intwo forms: whole saling and retailing, otherwise they are bought and transported to other provinces by traders and then distributed to wholesalers and retailers at markets.To improve the value of products and promote dragon fruit cultivation, it is important to approach and expand international markets. The suitable production and storage procedures are applied to produce fruit products that meet consumers’ demands. The GAP standards (VietGAP, EuroGAP, GlobalGAP) have been increasinglyapplied on dragon fruit production in Vietnam. “Regional brands”and “trade marks” for Vietnamese dragon fruits are also established and recognized by many countries in the world. As a result,more and more countries accept dragon fruits fromVietnam and most of the dragon fruit productivityis internationally

ѯᢋकᓹݏҢ౱׭೛׾ໍःଇཽ஠ё

marketed. In the two past decades, theexport dragon fruit value has undergonea remarkably increasedue to the significant raise of export fruit price and output. In 2003 Vietnam obtained only 5.8 million USD from exporting dragon fruit(Figure 8). After only two years,this figureachieved 10.4 million USD, near two fold as opposed to 2003. Five years later (in 2010), exporting dragon fruit brought Vietnam 59.1 million USD, near six times compared to 2005. More interesting, the three succeeding years the value of fruit export continued to increase but more significantly ,reachinga new “record” with 203 million USDin 2013, accounts for nearly 45 % of total national fruit export value(MIT, 2014).

Figure 8.Trends in dragon fruit export value in Vietnam, period 2003 - 2013

The fruit price for export is much higher than that in domestic market. The price also varies upon different import countries where consumers have different demands. In 2013, Vietnam exported dragon fruit to more than 30 countries and China was the biggest consumer with commercial value of 145.2 million USD, accounts for 71.5 % of total export value(Figure 9).The following importers are Thailand (13.0 million USD, 6.4 %), Indonesia (9.9. million USD, 4.9 %), The United States (6.8 million USD, 3.3 %), The Netherlands (6.5 million USD, 3.2%), Canada (5.4 million USD, 2.7 %), Singapore (3.9 million USD, 1.9 %), Japan (2.8 million USD, 1.4 %), Hongkong (1.9 million USD, 0.9 %) and other countries (7.7million USD, 3.8 %) (Tri, 2013; MIT, 2014).

ŅųŢŨŰůġŧųŶŪŵġűųŰťŶŤŵŪŰůġŢůťġŤŰůŴŶŮűŵŪŰůġŪůġŗŪŦŵůŢŮ

Figure 9. Share of Vietnam’s dragon fruit export value by market, 2013

It is important to investigate and indicate the consumers’ requirements in each foreign market. For instance, European countries, Indonesia, and the Middle East countriesnormally enjoy small fruits with 250-300 g/fruit of weight, while Chinese, Taiwanese, American and Canadian markets desire bigger fruits with 400-600 g. Japan and Singapore prefer fruits of weight from 300-500 g. In addition, fruits imported to Korea, Japanneed to be treated by heating before entering the market, while European and the United State require fruits treated by radiation. Recently, Vietnamese dragon fruits have agreed to be directly exported to the United States and then treated by the radiation before selling them on its market. Taiwan also demands the dragon fruits to be treated by the heating or radiation(Hieu, 2011; CPD, 2012).

8. CONCLUSIONS

With suitable climate and soil, Vietnam has been considered one of the most advantageous countries to cultivate and develop dragon fruit. In recent years, the remarkable development of dragon fruit production has brought great benefits to many horticultural farmers, traders and contributed a considerable amount of money to the national budget owing to fruit export. The great achievements in

ѯᢋकᓹݏҢ౱׭೛׾ໍःଇཽ஠ё

dragon fruit production have resulted from the comprehensive and effective applications of many measures such as cultivating and harvesting technologies, crop managements, marketing policies, etc. Seizing comparative advantages of Vietnam’ s superiorities in cultivating condition, farmers’ experiences, markets and marketing, Vietnamese dragon fruit production should be developed more sustainably and efficiently in the future. Along with the plan of expanding planting area, methods of improving the quality and safety of dragon fruit will be used to meet the increasing requirements of consumers. The standards for fruit quality need setting and firm application. In addition to these, it is important to maintain and expand the international markets of dragon fruit. The “regional brands” and “trade marks” of Vietnamese dragon fruit are effective tools to draw the consumers’ attentions.

Nonetheless, there is a need to conduct related studies on breeding new varieties with the following objectives: to obtain a good quality and yield fruit with a long shelf life, and to study the diseases affecting the plants, including its pest control, fruit production and postharvest fruit life.

ACKNOWLEGEMENT

The authors would like to thank reviewers for the criticalreading of this manuscript.

REFERENCES

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11.Hoa, N.V. 2006. Integrated Disease management for Dragon fruit. Proceeding of Dragon fruit workshop. Held on 6 Sept. 2006 in Binh Thuan Province, Vietnam. (In Vietnamese).

12.Hoa, T.T., C.J. Clark, B.C. Waddell, and A.D. Woolf. 2006. Postharvest quality of dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) following disinfesting hot air treatments.

Postharvest Biol. Technol., 41:62–69.

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Agriculture Publisher. Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. (In Vietnamese).

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18.So, K.2013. Bean wild garden serves to cover the straw dragon. The online newspaper of the Vietnamese Agriculture. Published online on: 14/11/2013.

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(In Vietnamese).

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Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD). (In Vietnamese).

22.Thanh, N. C., H. C. Truc, N. T. Binh. 2011b. Harvest and post-harvest technology of dragon fruit . Module textbook. Code: MD 05. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD). (In Vietnamese).

23.Tri, T. M, B. T. M. Hong, N. M. Chau. 2004. Effect of additional pollination on red flesh dragon fruit. The annual report of fruits research (2002 – 2003). Southern Fruit Research Institute. Agriculture Publisher. Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

(InVietnamese with English abstract).

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http://baodientu.chinhphu.vn/Thi-truong/Nam-bat-co-hoi-phat-trien-trai-tha nh-long/180710.vgp. (In Vietnamese).

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ѯᢋकᓹݏҢ౱׭೛׾ໍःଇཽ஠ё

ᆤ Ӭ ଇ

፤

ᆤӬଇ፤

ɜġၼЅĮе୾ࢹණୱȈ

Κȃໍ՘౱෉።࿾޲ڐݓ఩၏Ԅեঔ୙ȉپԄϭԒ12УϜԡ௵׈ഷࡤΚ״ݏ ϟࡤȂڐՃݓ఩૗֐ණԟঔ୙Ȃпණԟུݓ఩ޠ౱Ңȉ

Ρȃᜱܼࠓ׺໲໲ӵୣໍ՘ᐸྲ೏౪ޠݏ༫ȂڐήУӌಒΚ״ޠٿ߇኶໕Ӽ ᄁԄեŀ

ɜġԱീςӲ᙮Ȉ

Κȃϛᆔԥܗءԥໍ՘ᐸྲ೏౪ޠ༫ୣȂ౱෉Κ๗؃ࡤ൸ᔗᏒԟྦറঔ୙๗ ݏݓȂߵٻུݓ఩ޠ຃ึȂ೼ٳණԟܫచޠݓ఩ႥԒϘԥ૗Ω׺ΤҢ౱Ȅ Ρȃࠓ׺ޠᐸྲ༫ୣӶήУϜίԡ߇ूϘٿȂկήУۼޠಒΡ״ٿ߇໕൸ᛗ ໕ΠȄӱ༫ୣޠᆔ౪Рԓᇅܛ೏੊঑ᕘძ఩ӈޠϛӤȂᗷด౱።ޠРݳ ΚኻȂկٿ߇໕ᗚ࢑ཽԥܛৰ౵ޠȄשܛࣽژޠ༫ୣȂෛੂᆔ౪ޠ੬Ք࢑

੽Π೩ӼথԚዤޠུݓ఩Ȃ೼࢑ԥւܼԒۼໍ՘ᐸྲ೏౪ٿ߇ԚݏޠȄ

ɜġၼЅණୱȈ

ѯᢋकᓹݏяπՎུђۄޠ኶໕࣐ಒήӼȂଭᄈུђۄޠѵ᎜Ȃݏᄃ࢑֐ԥ ᔯ࣬αޠ्ؒŀ

ɜġചऌߞષลӲ᙮Ȉ

ᒰΤུђۄޠЬݏҭࠊ࢑ϛሰ्ᔯߤᔯ࣬ᜍ݃НӈޠȂѬԥෛޑෛᡞҐٙϘ

ཽሰ्Ȃկഌϸຸܿ୧Ҩ፝ᔯ࣬л्࢑୉࣐ፐҢᜍ݃ңޠȄ

ɜġၼЅණୱȈ

Κȃڦூ୾ϲޠӢ༫ুܗԥᐡ๊Ң౱ᇰᜍȂ࢑֐ᄈѵ᎜ٲཿԥܛᔔֆŀ

ΡȃѯᢋӶђΤTPPϟࡤڐᜱใ஡Ҧ30%७࣐0Ȃ࢑֐ཽԄ╫᜹๊౱ࠣΚኻȂ ԥτഛၼ౱ࠣ་᎜ޠୱᚡȂ࢈ۻᄈԫԥեӱᔗϟၿȉ

ѯᢋकᓹݏҢ౱׭೛׾ໍःଇཽ஠ё

ɜġ෇ऌߞుإӲ᙮Ȉ

Ӣ༫ুᗷ࢑୾ϲܛٻңޠҢ౱ዀതȂկӶໍ՘ѵ᎜ਣȂ࢑ѠпପӬࠣทםຬ ٿ୉ࣻᜱࡈᏳޠȂٻҭዀҀൠ୾ঢ়уউޠ੒ຳ޲૗ᇰӤשউᄈݏࠣԋӓܓޠ

೤ጓȄשউηࡼ៊ჃᓿၼҖ૗ђ஽౱᎜ቻᐤޠᇰᜍȄ

TPPޠ୾ঢ়Ԛসϑԥ12୾׈Ԛ᛬ဎȂկӶҭࠊޠԚসϜٯϛє֥τഛȂܛп Սดϛཽԥτഛೳ་᎜ޠୱᚡȄկRECPĩҭࠊ࢑ݎڟ10+6Īӱ᛬ဎԚস୾ঢ়ၷ ӼйፓᚖȂഌϸԚস୾ঢ়ӱစᔽЬ҂ၷմȂሰ्ᎭܫڦᜱใٿӱᔗȄܛпस ђΤRECPᔗ၏ϛཽԥӓ८ႮᜱใޠϤඐຸܿȄ

ɜġၼЅණୱȈ

Ӷ፟โϜԥᇴ݃ژȂकᓹݏᄃᑦϸޠᙾඳ࢑Ӷ߇ࡤ25ЉѿѢȂ٦ቅӶᑦӌᙾ ඳਣሰ्ݨཏࡪኻޠ޴ஊᆔ౪ȉ

ɜġݔఁ௳ኌ࣢Ӳ᙮Ȉ

ϭЉӱ፟โਣ໣ޠᜱ߾Ȃשٯءԥ஡कᓹݏޠᝫޑᕋᎵᒰଛ኶ᐄ֖౫яٿȂ կӶשউϟࠊޠၑᡜԚݏϜȂ࢑ԥණя޴ஊ࡛ឋޠ୥ՄঅޠȄΚૢݏᄃӶ߇ ࡤಒ15-20Љ໡ۗໍΤᙾՔ෉ȂӶ޴ஊα੬րሰ्ණା႖޴ޠࢋңȄ

ɜġၼЅණୱȈ

੿ࢴ੿ޠ٪ݾଷΠٻң੒ࢴݳϟѵȂ࢑֐ԥःึڐѻ᛿ޑٿ׼ښڐ᝸៊ᘘයȉ

ɜġ؄лӉНҴӲ᙮Ȉ

ԥٳ᛿Ꮩޠٻң࢑Ѡп۾ጦ੿ࢴ੿ޠึ੿ȂӶҭࠊޠ٪ݾᄈ๋αȂשউ࢑௄

ୋஷᆎ़ޠᆎෛ໡ۗȂᆎ़୧࡛Ҵୋஷ़ᖆ෦ٽᔗᡞقȂ௢ᆔ़ޠࠣ፵Ȃᓎ ਣᔯขڸ٪ஈ੿ࢴᆎ़ޠᖆ෦ȂᓎࡤӶҥ໣ᆔ౪αࠍཧପᐍӬܓޠᆔ౪ձཿ

ٿႲ٪Ȅ

ɜġၼЅණୱȈ

ӶЬ҂ෟ࢝ᆪࡊޠ௱ኅϏձαȂ࢑֐ԥ୉ႇݏ༫ٻңਞ૗ຠզܗұጓᢏኟȉ ҭࠊԥณ੿ᙬড়๊॓८ୱᚡȉ

ᆤ Ӭ ଇ

፤ ɜġ෇ऌߞుإӲ᙮Ȉ

౫՘ӶϜഌ౱ୣҭࠊ࢑ԥၼҖٻңᆪࡊٿໍ՘Ң౱ޠȂڐҭޠӶ٪ݎРݏᄃ ᜂޠ࣐ড়Ȃӱ࣐׳ϛژ৉ೢޠ΢Ωᇅໍ՘ଷೢޠձཿȄᆪࡊϲޠᕘძ఩ӈڸ

੿ᙬ࣐ড়ࣻᇅࡊѵޠᕘძ࢑ϛࣻӤޠȄࠓഌԥ୉ᆪࡊ਼ஊޠЩၷЎȂ঩ࠍα ӶѯᢋӵୣܛӶޠ՞ဋसၷ࣐տఴ޲ȂᇑᆪࡊᕘძЁྤୱᚡѠпЎΚᘉȄկ

࢑֐ཽӱӏྲϛ٘ՅᏳयܫచᇅٿ߇໕෶Ў๊ୱᚡȂשউηᗚӶᆀขϜȄ

ɜġၼЅණୱȈ

Ӷໍ՘ᐸྲ౱።ਣȂٻң༂ՔӏྜڸҪՔӏྜȂڐਞݏԥณৰ౵ȉ

ɜġԱീςΚគӲ᙮Ȉ

਴ᐄϟࠊޠ೏౪ԚݏᇅၑᡜȂٻң23W༂ӏܗҪӏࣹႬᐸݿ࣐ӏྜȂڎ޲ᄈ

༌߇ਞݏٯءԥৰ౵ȂկӶӏޠདڨܓαࠍԥৰ౵Ȃ༂ӏདញၷ࣐࢚ڸȂӶ ԥ᜵੊ਣȂӏጤޠएഇޠၷҪӏ࣐஽Ȃࡤ៊שউཽӕໍ՘؂ಡؐޠᄃᡜȄ

ɜġၼЅණୱȈ

ࢴષ੿ᄈෛੂܗݏᄃԥӼτޠኈ៫ŀ

ɜġ؄лӉНҴӲ᙮Ȉ

௄ҥ໣ޠ።ࢦٿࣽȂकᓹݏෛੂ඾ႈད࢘੿ࢴ੿ȂᗷดτӼ኶ၼЅᇰ࣐੿ࢴ

੿ϛཽޣ௦ኈ៫ژ౱໕ᇅԞઊȄپԄݏᄃዜᅻ੿ཽആԚݏᄃ཭ѷȃѵߓюട Ȅ੿ࢴ࡟ᜳң᛿ޑ٪ݾȂ೾ளѬ૗٪ݾܗߣ๙ڐ༉ክ൭Ϯ݁ᙬڸഋ৸Ȅᗚ࢑

्ٻңୋஷᆎ़ޠ྆܉џӱᔗȄ

ɜġၼЅණୱȈ

ש೼၈ԥٳ੿پዀҐȂึ౫ԫ੿ড়ਣȂשউ࢑௵ڦᐍੂܧଷޠРԓȂկ࢑຺

ܧ຺ӼȂᔗ၏्ࡪቅ୉፝ϡпڟֆȄ

ɜġቔ୚ःفসᆇᚶӲ᙮Ȉ

౫ൠຩᘟ๗ݏ࣐ݓ఩ࣔઃ੿ޠ࣐ড়Ȃկ࣐ጃᇰ੿঩ᗚ࢑ூଛෛޑߴៗقໍ՘

ѯᢋकᓹݏҢ౱׭೛׾ໍःଇཽ஠ё

ᜣᔯϘ૗ጃᇰȄࣔઃ੿ޠ٪ݾРݳѠ௵ෛߴКь௱ᙩ᛿Ꮩባ᠏ٿ௢ښȂٯϛ ሰ्ᐍੂಌଷȂӤਣӶߧ۠ٿᖞࠊᔗ୉ԂႲ٪ᇅҥ໣ፐҢޠఽ༫ϏձȄ

ޏ᠍࣐ҐܛܛԥȂߩစҐܛІձ޲ਫ८ӤཏȂϛூ२ᇨȃ኶՞Ͼܗᙾၸ

ѯᢋकᓹݏҢ౱׭೛׾ໍःଇཽ஠ё

ึġ՘ġ΢Ȉചᘀ۠ȃചҡ⯩

лȁȁጢȈቔᆇᚶȃߚ୾ෑ

ቸȁȁࢦȈ؄НҴ

яޏᐡᜱȈ՘࢈ଲၼཿېসཽၼཿၑᡜܛቄύዦழ༫᛻ၑᡜϸܛ ӵȁȁ֮Ȉା໱ҀቄύୣНᓹݎၰĶĴıဵ

ႬȁȁၘȈĩıĸĪĸĴĲıĲĺĲ

༉ȁȁ઎ȈĩıĸĪĸĴĲĶĶĺı

೪ॏܜӠȈ݆ၽ୾ርԥ४ϵѨ

ӵȁȁ֮Ȉା໱ҀቄύୣϜύ՚ၰĳĲĺဵ

яޏС෉ȈϜ๽Җ୾ĲıĵԒĲĳУяޏ

ۢȁȁቌȈĴĶıϰ

৥ġ୶ġ೏ȈၼཿၑᡜܛშਫᓣȞıĵȟĳĴĴıĳĴıĲᙾĸıĴĶ ȁȁȁȁȁϥࠓНϾኅൠȞıĵȟĳĵĴĸĹıĲı

ȁȁȁȁȁ୾ঢ়ਫۺȈȞıĳȟĳĸĺķĴķĴĹ

ѯᢋकᓹݏҢ౱׭೛׾ໍःଇཽ஠ёİቔᆇᚶȃߚ୾ෑлጢ

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在文檔中 (農業試驗所特刊第187號)台灣紅龍果生產技術改進研討會專刊 (頁 165-179)