In h.264/avc, variable block size is the feature for better coding efficiency to previous coding standard. For searching the best mode of one macroblock, variable block size motion estimation does the 41 times search procedure for each macroblock.
Therefore VBSME becomes the heaviest computational load part of an encoder. In order to reduce this loading, many methods to predict the most possible modes that one macroblock may be encoded are addressed to reduce the loading of VBSME.
Unlike these proposed methods trying to predict the most possible modes for a macroblock before motion estimation, we propose a prediction-correction scheme to determine search distance cap adaptively for search procedure. This algorithm is based on the observation of the relationship of best mode result and its motion vector length distribution. The unnecessary search point is skipped if the location of the search point is outside the search distance cap. The algorithm we proposed can be easily implemented to fast motion estimation algorithm without any overhead calculation. All information for determining search distance cap already exists. From the experimental result, our algorithm can achieve the motion estimation execution time saving about 20-50% compared to original FME result under almost the same RD-curve performance. And our algorithm can merge existing mode-prediction algorithm to achieve the better result to ease VBSME complexity under the close RD-curve performance.
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