TOPO-modified mesoporous TiO2 have been successfully synthesized via a non-hydrolytic sol-gel method. The mesoporous structure was formed when the TOPO/Ti ratio was 0.05. At the TOPO/Ti ratio of 0.1, the pore shape changed to microporous structure. TMB is a hydrophobic substance and can assist TOPO to self-assemble micelles in hydrophilic media. The TMB addition would led micro- and continuous porous samples exhibiting Type Ⅳ isotherm and increases in specific surface areas, pore volumes and pore size. High preparation temperature resulted in anatase crystals in the as-prepared samples.
In addition, the TOPO was chemically bonded to the TiO2 surface through the formation of P-O-Ti bonds. Hence, the TOPO-TiO2 samples contained hydrophobic feature inside the pores and hydrophilic property on the outer surface. The TOPO played an important role in the mechanisms and kinetics of the photocatalysis in the modified mesoporous TiO2
system. TOPO-modified micropores exhibited remarkably high adsorption affinity toward BPA because of high surface area, hydrophobic interactions and capillary force. In addition, the modified mesoporous samples exhibited higher photocatalytic activity over pure TiO2 and P25. The improved adsorption resulting from the exceptional porous structure contributed to the high photocatalytic activity of the TOPO-modified TiO2.
Figure 5-1 The TOPO concentration has influenced of pore structure.
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Appendix A. Zeta potential of TOPO-TiO
2and Pure TiO
20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 -60
-40 -20 0 20 40 60
Zeta potential (mV)
pH value
TiO2 TP 1 TP 2 TP 3 TP 4 TP 5
Appendix A-1 Zeta potential as a function of pH of TOPO-TiO2 and TiO2.
Appendix A-2 Surface zero point charge of TOPO-TiO2 and TiO2.
Sample TP 1 TP 2 TP 3 TP 4 TP 5 TiO2
Zpc 5.9 5.8 6.0 5.9 5.6 4.6
Appendix B. JCPDS database of TiO
2(anatase)
Appendix B-1 JCPDS database of TiO2.
Appendix C. EDX patterns of TP and TP 2-B samples
TP 1
TP 2
TP 3
TP 4
TP 5
TiO2
TP 2-B0.3
TP 2-B0.8
TP 2-B1.2
Appendix C-1 EDX patterns of TP, TP 2-B samples and TiO2.
Appendix D. TGA/DSC curve of TP and TP 2-B samples
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 60
65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105
Loss of weight(%)
Temperature(oC) TP 2-B1.2
Appendix D-1 TGA/DSC curve of TP and TP 2-B samples.
Appendix E. Calibration curve of BPA solution
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 8 0
1x105 2x105 3x105 4x105 5x105 6x105
0 y = 7.138.1x R2 = 0.9999
Area
BPA concentration (mg/L)
Appendix E-1 Calibration curve of BPA solution.
Appendix F. Photodegradation of various BPA concentrations
-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Appendix F-1 The photodegradation of various BPA concentrations by TP 2.
-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Appendix F-2 The photodegradation of various BPA concentrations by P25.