• 沒有找到結果。

Conclusions and Future Works

In this thesis, we present a system for face tagging recommendation using group prior on social network. We propose a simple but efficient approach of finding a group of people to recommend querying photo. In addition, most of the previous studies using social context for face tagging just only consider the relationship between the known face and the query faces. Thus, if a query face that has no close relationship with the known face, their methods cannot work well under this condition.

Instead, our approach can correctly tag the query faces not close with the known face via the relationships between query faces in the photo. So, the community detection is used to find a group of users which is close with known face although some users in the group are not familiar with known face. To improve the performance and the robustness of the system, some enhancements can be done in the future:

(i) Usage of text-based social context: in social websites, text-based social context has a lot of information that can be used for learning the relationship among network users. For instance, the profile page has information about users, such as:

gender, name of high school, occupation and interest. For using those information, we can assume that the people have high relationship if they are in the same school.

(ii) A user-friendly interface: a good user interface design can make face tagging easier. For example, when we want to tag a face in a photo, a recommendation list popping out can help us quickly find the target user instead of searching the user among all the users.

(iii) Improvement of face recognition: although the using of relationship can improves the accuracy of face recommendation, face recognition still is important for face tagging. An accurate face recognition approach can makes the face tagging recommendation system better.

47

Bibliography

[1] “Social Network.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network.

[2] H.-N. Kim, A. El Saddik, K.-S. Lee, Y.-H. Lee, and G.-S. Jo, “Photo Search in A Personal Photo Diary by Drawing Face Position with People Tagging,” in Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, New York, NY, USA, 2011, pp. 443–444.

[3] Z. Wu, S. Jiang, and Q. Huang, “Friend Recommendation According to Appearances on Photos,” in Proceedings of the 17th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, New York, NY, USA, 2009, pp. 987–988.

[4] M. Moricz, Y. Dosbayev, and M. Berlyant, “PYMK: Friend Recommendation at MySpace,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on Management of Data - SIGMOD’10, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, 2010, pp. 999.

[5] B. Sigurbjörnsson and R. van Zwol, “Flickr Tag Recommendation based on Collective Knowledge,” in Proceeding of the 17th International Conference on World Wide Web, New York, NY, USA, 2008, pp. 327–336.

[6] H. Chen, M. Chang, P. Chang, M. Tien, W. Hsu, and J. Wu, “SheepDog: Group and Tag Recommendation for Flickr Photos by Automatic Search-based Learning,” in Proceeding of the 16th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 2008, pp. 737-740.

[7] Microsoft, “Automatic Tag Recommendation Algorithms for Social Recommend Systems” http://research.microsoft.com/apps/pubs/default.aspx? id=79896.

[8] L. Zhang, L. Chen, M. Li, and H. Zhang, “Bayesian Face Annotation in Family Albums,” in Proceedings of the International Conference in Computer Vision(ICCV), Nice, France, 2003, pp. 2.

[9] J. Y. Choi, D. N. W, Y. M. Ro, and K. N. Plataniotis, “Automatic Face Annotation in Personal Photo Collections Using Context-Based Unsupervised Clustering and Face Information Fusion,” Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 1292-1309, Oct. 2010.

[10] W.-K. Tsao, A. J. T. Lee, Y.-H. Liu, T.-W. Chang, and H.-H. Lin, “A Data Mining Approach to Face Detection,” Pattern Recognition, vol. 43, no. 3, pp.

1039-1049, Mar. 2010.

[11] Ming-Hsuan Yang, D. J. Kriegman, and N. Ahuja, “Detecting faces in images: A Survey,” Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on, vol.

24, no. 1, pp. 34-58, Jan. 2002.

[12] J. Zheng, G. A. Ramírez, and O. Fuentes, “Face Detection in Low-Resolution Color Images,” in Image Analysis and Recognition, vol. 6111, A. Campilho and

48

M. Kamel, Eds. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010, pp.

454-463.

[13] “Introduction Face detection.” http://www.stanford.edu/class/ee368.

[14] W. Zhao, R. Chellappa, P. J. Phillips, and A. Rosenfeld, “Face Recognition: A Literature Survey,” ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), vol. 35, pp. 399–458, Dec.

2003.

[15] M. Turk and A. Pentland, “Eigenfaces for Recognition,” Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, vol. 3, pp. 71–86, Jan. 1991.

[16] A. C. Gallagher and T. Chen, “Understanding Images of Groups of People,” in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, IEEE Computer Society Conference on, Miami, FL, USA, 2009, vol. 0, pp. 256-263.

[17] A. C. Gallagher and T. Chen, “Using Group Prior to Identify People in Consumer Images,” in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Minneapolis, MN, 2007, pp. 1-8.

[18] A. C. Gallagher and T. Chen, “Using Context to Recognize People in Consumer Images,” IPSJ Transactions on Computer Vision and Applications, vol. 1, pp.

115-126, 2009.

[19] B. Sigurbjornsson, R. Zwol, and A. Rae, “Improving Tag Recommendation Using Social Networks,” in Proceeding of the 9th International Conference on Adaptivity, Personalization and Fusion of Heterogeneous Information, Paris, France, 2010.

[20] “BrandZ 2011.” http://www.brandz.com/output/.

[21] “Facebook.” http://www.facebook.com/.

[22] P. Viola and M. Jones, “Rapid Object Detection Using A Boosted Cascade of Simple Features,” in Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. I-511-I-518, 2001.

[23] T. Mita, T. Kaneko, and O. Hori, “Joint Haar-like features for face detection,”

vol. 2, pp. 1619-1626, Oct. 2005.

[24] R. Meir and G. Rätsch, “An Introduction to Boosting and Leveraging,” New York, NY, USA: Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 2003, pp. 118–183.

[25] J. Friedman, T. Hastie, and R. Tibshirani, “Additive Logistic Regression: A Statistical View of Boosting,” Annals of Statistics, vol. 28, 1998.

[26] A. S. Tolba, A.H. El-Baz, and A.A. El-Harby, “Face Recognition: A Literature Review,” International Journal of Signal Processing, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 88–103, 2005.

[27] T. Zhang, H. Chao, C. Willis, and D. Tretter, “Consumer Image Retrieval by Estimating Relation Tree from Family Photo Collections,” in Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval, New York, NY,

49

USA, 2010, pp. 143–150.

[28] A. C. Gallagher and Tsuhan Chen, “Estimating Age, Gender, and Identity Using First Name Priors,” in Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2008, pp. 1-8.

[29] Z. Stone, T. Zickler, and T. Darrell, “Autotagging Facebook: Social Network Context Improves Photo Annotation,” in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, 2008, vol. 0, pp. 1-8.

[30] A. Mccallum and C. Sutton, “An Introduction to Conditional Random Fields for Relational Learning,” Graphical Models, no. x, pp. 93.

[31] Jae Young Choi, W. De Neve, K. N. Plataniotis, and Y. M. Ro, “Collaborative Face Recognition for Improved Face Annotation in Personal Photo Collections Shared on Online Social Networks,” Multimedia, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 14-28, Feb. 2011.

[32] R. K. C. Lai, J. C. K. Tang, A. K. Y. Wong, and P. I. S. Lei, “Design and Implementation of An Online Social Network With Face Recognition,” Journal of Advances in Information Technology, vol. 1, no. 1, Feb. 2010.

[33] Guangda Su, Cuiping Zhang, Rong Ding, and Cheng Du, “MMP-PCA Face Recognition Method,” Electronics Letters, vol. 38, no. 25, pp. 1654- 1656, Dec.

2002.

[34] “Face Detection and Recognition.” http://www.shervinemami.co.cc.

[35] J. Huang, H. Sun, J. Han, H. Deng, Y. Sun, and Y. Liu, “SHRINK: A Structural Clustering Algorithm for Detecting Hierarchical Communities in Networks,” in Proceedings of the 19th ACM international Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2010, pp. 219–228.

相關文件