Axis 1
DCA result 3
Axis 1
圖 10、降趨對應分析(Detrended correspondence analysis, DCA)結果 3。
使用 PC-ORD 6 軟體對 50 個地表花粉樣本進行降趨對應分析。用以分析之變數 為:海拔高度、坡度、坡向和 67 個孢粉類群。分群依據為第三種集群分析法(使 用 PC-ORD 6 軟體之集群分析)。共分為 4 群,圖中星號為每群之中心點,第 2 群之中心點與樣點 6 重合。
各軸本徵值:(1) 0.58 (2) 0.27 (3) 0.18。
Pinus
DCA result 2
Axis 1
DCA result 2
Axis 1
DCA result 2
Axis 1
DCA result 2
Axis 1
圖 12、含有琉球松之兩植被調查樣區(705、712)與本研究 17 個樣點之地理位置。樣區 705 約與本研究樣點 26 號重合;樣區 712 約與本研究樣點 35 號重合。
松樹 - 距離和花 粉量的關係
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
距離(m) 單位體積內花粉數(顆/cm3 )
圖 13、本研究 17 個樣點與含有琉球松樣區(705)之距離,以及樣點所含松樹 花粉量的關係圖。
松樹 - 距離 和花粉量的關係
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
距離(m) 單位體積內花粉數(顆/cm3 )
圖 14、本研究 17 個樣點與含有琉球松樣區(712)之距離,以及樣點所含松樹 花粉量的關係圖。
參考文獻
王義仲,2003。陽明山國家公園之長期生態研究─植被變遷與演替調查。陽明山國家公 園管理處。
王義仲,2005。竹子湖地區自然與人文資源細部調查。陽明山國家公園管理處。
王震哲,2001。陽明山國家公園磺嘴山生態保護區植物相調查。陽明山國家公園管理處。
李政益,2010。恆春半島東源谷地晚第四紀之植被與氣候變化。國立台灣大學理學院地 質科學所博士論文。
李瑞宗,1991。陽明山國家公園植物及人文文獻之蒐集整理─植物篇。陽明山國家公園 管理處。
李瑞宗,1992。丹山草欲燃:陽明山國家公園步道植群。陽明山國家公園管理處。
汪良奇,2011。以湖泊沉積物內花粉與矽藻重建台灣東部晚全新世氣候與環境變遷。國 立台灣大學生命科學院生態學與演化生物學研究所博士論文。
竺可楨,1972。中國近五千年來氣候變遷的初步研究。考古學報 1: 21。
林曜松、陳擎霞,1989。向天山及火口湖生態系之調查研究。內政部營建署陽明山國家 公園管理處。
邱文良,2009。陽明山國家公園全區植物多樣性調查-百拉卡公路以南,陽金公路以西 地區。陽明山國家公園管理處委託研究報告。
許立達,2008。陽明山國家公園植被變遷研究。陽明山國家公園管理處。
陳仲玉,1987。陽明山國家公園人文史蹟調查。內政部營建署陽明山國家公園管理處。
陳俊宏,2010。陽明山國家公園陽金公路以東地區資源調查期末報告。陽明山國家公園 管理處委託研究報告。
陳肇夏,2004。陽明山國家公園地形‧地質景觀:火山奇跡。內政部營建署陽明山國家 公園管理處。
黃增泉、鄭元春、吳俊宗、陳尊賢、謝長富、葉開溫、楊國禎、湯惟新,1989。陽明綠 意─陽明山國家公園植物相。內政部營建署陽明山國家公園管理處。
黃增泉、謝長富、楊國禎、湯惟新,1983。陽明山國家公園植物生態景觀資源。內政部 營建署委託研究報告。
劉昭民,1981。西洋氣象學史。中國文化大學出版部。內政部營建署陽明山國家公園管 理處。
謝長富、黃增泉、楊國禎、謝宗欣,1990。陽明山國家公園稀有植物族群生態調查。
Bartlein, P. J., Prentice, I. C. and Webb III, T., 1986. Climatic response surfaces from pollen data for some eastern North American taxa. Journal of Biogeography 13: 35-57.
Bartlein, P. J. and Webb III, T., 1985. Mean July temperature at 6000 yr B. P. in eastern North America: regression equations for estimates from fossil pollen data. Syllogeus 55:
301-342.
Bartlein, P. J. and Whitlock, C., 1993. Paleoclimatic interpretation of the Elk Lake pollen record. In: Bradbury, J. P. and W. E. Dean (Eds.), Elk Lake, Minnesota: Evidence for Rapid Climate Change in the North-Central United States, The Geological Society of
America, Special Paper 276, Boulder, CO, pp. 275-295.
Bonnefille, R. and Chalie, F., 2000. Pollen-inferred precipitation time-series from equatorial mountains, Africa, the last 40 kyr BP. Global and Planetary Change 26: 25-50.
Cañellas-Boltà, N., Rull, V., Vigo, J. and Mercadé, A., 2009. Modern pollen-vegetation relationships along an altitudinal transect in the central Pyrenees (southwestern Europe).
The Holocene 19: 1185-1200.
Cheddadi R., Lamb, H. F., Guit, J. and van der Kaars, S., 1998. Holocene climatic change in Morocco: a quantitative reconstruction from pollen data. Climate Dynamics 14: 883-890.
Cheddadi, R., Yu, G., Harrison, S. P. and Prentice, I. C., 1997. The climate of Europe 6000 years ago. Climate Dynamics 13: 1-9.
Chen, S.-H. and Huang, S.-Y., 2000. Aeropalynological study of Yangmingshan National Park, Taiwan. Taiwania 45: 281-295.
Chen, S.-H., Wu, J.-T., Yang, T.-N., Chuang, P.-P., Huang, S.-Y. and Wang, Y.-S., 2009. Late Holocene paleoenvironmental changes in subtropical Taiwan inferred from pollen and
diatoms in lake sediments. Journal of paleolimnology 41: 315-327.
Connor, S. E., Thomas, I., Kvavadze, E. V., Arabuli, G. J., Avakov, G. S. and Sagona, A., 2004.
A survey of modern pollen and vegetation along an altitudinal transect in southern Georgia, Caucasus region. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 129: 229-250.
Cook, E. J. and van der Kaars, S., 2006. Development and testing of transfer functions for generating quantitative climatic estimates from Australian pollen data. Journal of Quaternary Science 21: 723-733.
Correa-Metrio, A., Bush, M. B., Pérez, L., Schwalb, A. and Cabrera, K. R., 2011. Pollen distribution along climatic and biogeographic gradients in northern Central America. The Holocene 21: 681-692.
Davis, M. B. and Goodlett, J. C., 1960. Comparison of the present vegetation with pollen-spectra in surface samples from Browington Pond, Vermont. Ecology 41:
346-357.
Environmental Systems Resource Institute (ESRI), 2012. ArcGIS 10.0.
Erdtman, G., 1969. Handbook of palynology. Munksgaard, Copenhagen.
Faegri, K., and Iversen, J., 1989, Textbook of Pollen Analysis. Amsterdam, Balkena.
Finsinger W., Heiri, O., Verushka, V., Tinner, W. and Lotter, A. F., 2007. Modern pollen assemblages as climate indicators in southern Europe. Global Ecology and Biogeography 16: 567-582.
Fries, M., 1967. Lennart von Post’s pollen diagram series of 1916. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 4: 9-13.
Grimm, E. C., 1992. TILIA and TILIA-GRAPH: Pollen spreadsheet and graphics programs.
In Volume of abstracts 8th International Palynological Congress, Aix-en-Provence (p.
56).
Guiot, J., Pons, A., de Beaulieu, J.-L. and Reille, M., 1989. A 140,000-year continental climate reconstruction from two European pollen records. Nature, 338: 309-313.
Herzschuh, U., Birks, H. J. B., Mischke, S., Zhang, C. and Böhner, J., 2010. A modern
pollen-climate calibration set based on lake sediments from the Tibetan plateau and its application to a Late Quaternary pollen record from the Qilian Mountains. Journal of Biogeography 37: 752-766.
Huang, T.-C., 1972. Pollen Flora of Taiwan, National Taiwan University Botany Department Press.
Huang, T.-C. and Chen, H.-J., 1987. The pollen analysis of the Dream Lake, Taipei, Yang Ming Shan National Park. Journal of palynology 23: 213-216.
Huntley, B. and Prentice, I. C., 1988. July temperatures in Europe from pollen data, 6000 years before present. Science 241: 687-690.
Iversen, J., 1944. Viscum, Hedera and Ilex as climate indicators. Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar 66: 463-483.
Jolly, D., Prentice, I. C., Bonnefille, R., Ballouche, A., Bengo, M., Brenac, P., Buchert, G., Burney, D., Cazet, J.-P., Cheddadi, R., Edorh, T., Elenga, H., Elmoutaki, S., Guiot, J., Laarif, F., Lamb, H., Lezine, A.-M., Maley, J., Mbenza, M., Peryn, O., Reille, M., Reynaud-Farrera, I., Riollet, G., Ritchie, J. C., Roche, E., Scott, L., Ssemmanda, I., Straka, H., Umer, M., van Campo, E., Vilimumbalo, S., Vincens, A. and Waller, M., 1998.
Biome reconstruction from pollen and plant macrofossil data for Africa and the Arabian peninsula at 0 and 6000 years. Journal of Biogeography 25: 1007-1027.
Kuo, C.-M. and Liew, P.-M., 2000. Vegetational history and climatic fluctuations based on pollen analysis of the Toushe peat bog, central Taiwan since the last glacial maximum.
Journal of Geological Society of China 43: 379-392.
Li, Y., Xu, Q., Jiu, J., Yang, X. and Nakagawa, T., 2007. A transfer-function model developed from an extensive surface-pollen data set in northern China and its potential for palaeoclimate reconstructions. The Holocene 17: 897-905.
Liew, P.-M., and Huang, S.-Y., 1994. A 5000-year pollen record from Chitsai Lake, central Taiwan. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences 5: 411-419.
Liew, P.-M., Huang, S.-Y. and Kuo, C.-M., 2006a. Pollen stratigraphy, vegetation and
environment of the last glacial and Holocene—A record from Toushe Basin, central Taiwan. Quaternary International 147: 16-33.
Liew, P.-M., Lee, C.-Y. and Kuo, C.-M., 2006b. Holocene thermal optimal and climate variability of East Asian monsoon inferred from forest construction of a subalpine pollen sequence, Taiwan. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 250: 596-605.
Lin, S.-F., Huang, T.-C., Liew, P.-M. and Chen, S.-H., 2007. A palynological study of environmental changes and their implication for prehistoric settlement in the Ilan Plain, northeastern Taiwan. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 16: 127-138.
Lin, S.-F., Liew, P.-M. and Lai, T.-H., 2004. Late Holocene pollen sequence of the Ilan Plain, northeastern Taiwan, and its environmental and climatic implications. Journal of Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences 15: 221-238.
Lou, J.-Y., Chen, C.-T. A. and Wann, J.-K., 1997. Paleoclimatological records of the Great Ghost Lake in Taiwan. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences 40: 284-292.
Marchant, R., Berrio, J. C., Cleef, A., Duivenvoorden, J., Helmens, K., Hoogbienistra, H., Kuhry, P., Schreve-Brinkman, E., Van Geel, B., Van Reenen, G. and Van der Hammen, T., 2001. A reconstruction of Colombian biomes derived from modern pollen data along an altitudinal gradient. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 117: 79-92.
Markgraf, V., Webb, R. S., Anderson, K. H. and Anderson, L., 2002. Modern pollen/climate calibration for southern South America. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 181: 375-397.
McCune, B. and M. J. Mefford, 1999. Multivariate analysis on the PC-ORD system. MjM Software, Gleneden Beach, OR.
Morita, Y., Kimiya, C., Nasu, H. and Momohara, A., 2006. Pollen spectra of surface samples from mires in the Konsen District, eastern Hokkaido, Japan. Japanese Journal of Historical Botany 14: 45-60.
Nakamura, T., Takahara, H. and Ohno, K., 2012. Pollen-vegetation relationship of surface pollen assemblages and objective vegetation reconstruction in the Hakkoda Mountains,
northeastern Japan. Quaternary International 254: 138-151.
Ortuño, T., Ledru, M.-P., Cheddadi, R., Kuentz, A., Favier, C. and Beck, S., 2011. Modern pollen rain, vegetation and climate in Bolivian ecoregions. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 165: 61-74.
Park, J., 2011. A modern pollen-temperature calibration data set from Korea and quantitative temperature reconstructions for the Holocene. The Holocene 21: 1125-1135.
Pielou, E. C., 1984. The interpretation of ecological data: a primer on classification and ordination, New York: Wiley.
Prentice, I. C., Guiot, J., Huntley, B., Jolly, D. and Cheddadi, R., 1996. Reconstructing biomes from palaeoecological data: a general method and its application to European pollen data at 0 and 6 ka. Climate Dynamics 12: 185-194.
Rull, V., 2006. A high mountain pollen-altitude calibration set for palaeoclimatic use in the tropical Andes. The Holocene 16: 105-117.
Seppä, H., Birks, H. J. B., Odland, A., Poska, A. and Veski, S., 2004. A modern pollen-climate calibration set from northern Europe: developing and testing a tool for palaeoclimatological reconstructions. Journal of Biogeography 31: 251-267.
Shen, C., Liu, K.-B., Tang, L. and Overpeck, J. T., 2006. Quantitative relationships between modern pollen rain and climate in the Tibetan Plateau. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 140: 61-77.
Tarasov, P. E., Webb III, T., Andreev, A. A., Afanas’eva, N. B., Berezina, N. A., Bezusko, L.
G., Blyakharchuk, T. A., Bolikhovskaya, N. S., Cheddadi, R., Chernavskaya, M. M., Chernova, G. M., Dorofeyuk, N. I., Dirksen, V. G., Elina, G. A., Filimonova, L. V., Glebov, F. Z., Guiot, J., Gunova, V. S., Harrison, S. P., Jolly, D., Khomutova, V. I., Kvavadze, E. V., Osipova, I. M., Panova, N. K., Prentice, I. C., Saarse, L., Sevastyanov, D. V., Volkova, V. S. and Zernitskaya, V. P., 1998. Present-day and mid-Holocene biomes reconstructed from pollen and plant macrofossil data from the former Soviet Union and Mongolia. Journal of Biogeography 25: 1029-1053.
ter Braak, C. J. F., 1995. Non-linear methods for multivariate statistical calibration and their use in palaeoecology: a comparison of inverse (k-nearest neighbours), partial least squares and weighted averaging partial least squares and classical approaches.
Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 28: 165-180.
ter Braak, C. J. F. and Juggins, S., 1993. Weighted averaging partial least squares regression (WA-PLS): an improved method for reconstruction environmental variables from species assemblages. Hydrobiologia 269: 485-502.
Webb, R. S., Anderson, K. H. and Webb III, T., 1993. Pollen response-surface estimates of late-Quaternary changes in the moisture balance of the northeastern United States.
Quaternary Research 40: 213-227.
Webb III, T. and Bryson, R. A., 1972. Late- and postglacial climatic change in the northern midwest, USA: quantitative estimates derived from fossil pollen spectra by multivariate statistical analysis. Quaternary Research 2: 70-115.
Weng, C., Bush, M. B. and Silman, M. R., 2004. An analysis of modern pollen rain on an elevational gradient in southern Peru. Journal of Tropical Ecology 20: 113-124.
Whitehead, D. R., 1969, Modern vegetation and pollen rain in Bladen County, North Carolina.
Ecology 50: 235-248.
Williams, J. W., Summers, R. L. and Webb III, T., 1998. Applying plant functional types to construct biome maps from eastern North American pollen data: comparisons with model results. Quaternary Science Reviews 17: 607-627.
Xu, Q.-H., Li, Y.-C., Tian, F., Cao, X.-Y. and Yang, X.-L., 2009. Pollen assemblages of tauber traps and surface soil samples in steppe areas of China and their relationships with vegetation and climate. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 153: 86-101.
Yu, G., Prentice, I. C., Harrison, S. P. and Sun, X., 1998. Pollen-based biome reconstructions for China at 0 and 6000 years. Journal of Biogeography 25: 1055-1069.
附錄 A、各表土樣本花粉類群比例資料 表 A、各樣本花粉類群比例資料
下表中所有數值均為百分比例資料,由於實際計數 AP + NAP = 500 顆花粉,換算 為 AP + NAP = 100%,故將表中之數值乘以 5 即為實際計數顆數。Lycopodium 為 外加石松孢子藥錠中之石松孢子。
樣本編號 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
AP
Pinus 8.4 18.6 18 2.4 0.6 8.2 1 1.4 1.4 16.6 4.8 5 3.6
Tsuga 0 0.6 1 0.4 0.2 0.4 0 0 0 0.2 0 0.4 0
Cryptomeria 0 0.6 0 0 0 0 88.8 7.2 77.6 11.2 4.4 0 0.2
Ilex 1 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0.6 0 0 0 0 0
Aralia 0.8 1.4 1.2 0 0 0.4 0 0 0.8 0 1.2 0.2 0
Schefflera 0.2 0.4 1.2 0 0 0 0.2 0.2 0 0 2.6 0 0
Alnus 1 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.6 0 0.2 0.2 0.8 1 0.4 0.2
Sambucus 0.2 0 0 0.2 0.2 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Viburnum 0.6 0.2 0 0 0 0 0.8 3.6 2 0.2 1.4 0 0
Daphniphyllum 1 0.4 0.4 0 0 0 0 0.8 1 0 12.2 0 0.4
Diospyros 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0
Elaeagnaceae 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0.6 0.2 0 0.4 0 0
Rhododendron 0 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0
Euphorbiaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0 0
Bischofia 0.4 0 0.6 0.4 0 0 0 0.4 0 0 0 0 0.2
Glochidion 2.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.8 0 0.8 0 0 0 0.2 0.6 Macaranga 4 3.8 4 1.6 0.6 2.6 0.6 1.2 0 0 0.6 1 0.4
Mallotus 1.2 3.6 1 0 0 0 0.6 0.6 1 1 4 1.4 1.6
Sapium 0 0.2 0.2 0.6 0 0 0.2 0 0.2 0 3 0 0
Acacia 0.6 17.6 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0.8 0 0 0
Castanopsis 5.8 2 2.6 0.2 0.4 0.6 0 2.4 0.4 0 3.2 0.2 0 Cyclobalanopsis 22.6 10 7 1.2 1.4 1.2 0.2 5 0.4 3 5.4 0.8 2.4 Liquidambar 8.4 1.2 1 0.2 0.2 1.2 0 0 0 0.4 0 0.4 0
Engelhardtia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0
Juglans 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lagerstroemia 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0 0.2 0
Morus 0 0.2 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0
Myrica 2.2 1.8 2.2 1 0.2 1.2 0.2 0.6 1.6 1 1.4 0.8 0.6 Ardisia 3.6 1.8 5 0.8 0.4 0 0.2 26 3.2 9.2 21 0.8 1
Syzygium 0 0.2 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ligustrum 0 0 0 0 0 0.6 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Helicia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.4 0 0 0.2 0.6 0.2
Rosaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0
Rubiaceae 0 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0.8 0.2 1 3.4 1 0 0
樣本編號 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Mussaenda 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0
Acer 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 0 0.2 0 1.6 0 0 0.4 0.2 0.2
Dodonaea 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hydrangea 0.2 0.8 0.4 5.4 2.8 9.4 0 1.8 0 1 4.8 0 0.2
Itea 1.8 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 5.6 0.2 0 0 0.2 0.4
Symplocos 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8 0.4
Theaceae 0 0.4 1 0 0 0.4 0 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0
Camellia 0.4 0 1.2 0 0 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Polyspora 1.4 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trochodendron 4 7.2 3 1 0.8 1.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.8 1.4 0 1.2
Trema 8.4 4 3.8 2 0.6 5.8 1.4 0.2 1.6 0 4 2.2 3.4
Ulmus 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0
Callicarpa 0 0.6 1.6 0.2 0 0.6 0 0.4 0 0 0.8 0 0.2
Clerodendrum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0 0
Σ AP 81.6 80.8 59 18.2 9.4 38.2 95.8 62.6 93.6 50.6 82.4 17.2 17.4 NAP
Justicia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 1.4 0 0 0
Asteraceae 0.4 1.8 5.8 13.2 63.8 6.4 0.4 4.6 0.8 5 0.6 0.4 0 Artemisia 1 0.6 0.6 0.4 0 0.4 0.2 1.6 0.6 2 0.8 4.8 3.2
Caryophyllaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0
Chenopodium 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.6 0 0.2 0.2 0 0 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.4
Convolvulaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cyperaceae 1.2 1 0.4 3 0.2 10.6 0 14.6 0.4 9.8 0.4 1.2 0.2
Liliaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0
Humulus 2 0.2 1.2 0.4 0 1.2 0 0.6 0.2 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.2 Poaceae 3.4 14 25.2 45.6 24.2 27.8 3.4 8.2 2.8 26 5.2 72.4 77.6
Polygonum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2 0.2
Umbelliferae 0 0.4 0 7.2 1.6 2.2 0 0.4 0 0 0 0 0
Hydrocotyle 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0.2 0 2.2 0.2
Urticaceae 10 0.2 7 11.4 0.8 13 0 6.8 1.6 3.8 8.8 0.2 0.6 Σ NAP 18.4 19.2 41 81.8 90.6 61.8 4.2 37.4 6.4 49.4 17.6 82.8 82.6 Hydrophytes & spores
Haloragaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2
Fern 217.6 173.4 48.4 25.4 27 46.4 10.8 53.6 29 431 430 20.6 18.8
Lycopodiella 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6 0 5.4 16.8
Selaginella 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 2.4 0.4 2.2 0.8 1.8 0.4
Moss 0 0.2 12.6 5.4 0 0 0 0.2 0.6 1.2 0.6 1 0
Lycopodium 75.8 40.6 77.8 19.2 33 84.6 8.8 35.6 12 97 40 16.4 9.6
表 A (續 1)
樣本編號 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Theaceae 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0.6 0 0 0.2 0
Camellia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0
Polyspora 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0.2 0 0 0
Trochodendron 3.4 2.2 4.4 3.6 6.2 0.8 1 1 2.8 1.4 0 2.6 1.6
Trema 0.4 2 1.6 1 1.4 1 1.8 1.2 2 9.4 15.8 19 0.2
Ulmus 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0.2 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.4
Callicarpa 0 0.6 0 0.2 0 0.4 0 0.4 0.6 0 0.2 0.4 0
Clerodendrum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0 0 0
Σ AP 11.2 16.2 14.4 12.6 17.4 9.4 81.6 88.2 35.6 59.6 77.2 73.6 24.6 NAP
Justicia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6 0
Asteraceae 0 0.6 0.2 1.2 4.2 8.8 2.4 0.2 3.4 3.8 2 3.4 7
Artemisia 2 1.4 0.8 3 5.4 2.8 2.4 1.4 2.6 6.6 0 1.2 4.8
Caryophyllaceae 0.2 0 0.2 0.2 0 0.4 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0
Chenopodium 0.2 0.4 0 0.6 0.6 0.6 0 0 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.2
Convolvulaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cyperaceae 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.8 2.8 0.4 0 0 0.2 0.6 0 0.2 1.2
Liliaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Humulus 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0 0 0.4 0.2 0 0.8 0.2 0.2 Poaceae 85.2 79 83.4 54.6 47.2 59 12 9.8 51 26.8 11 13.2 59.8
Polygonum 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0.4
Umbelliferae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hydrocotyle 0 0 0 0 4.2 4.4 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 1.2
Urticaceae 0.6 1.4 0.4 26.8 17.6 14.2 1.6 0 6.6 1.6 8.8 7 0.6 Σ NAP 88.8 83.8 85.6 87.4 82.6 90.6 18.4 11.8 64.4 40.4 22.8 26.4 75.4 Hydrophytes & spores
Haloragaceae 0 1 0 0.2 0.4 0.4 0 0 0.6 0 0 0 3
Fern 8.2 7.8 11.4 10.8 9 10 16.4 83.4 57.2 69.4 123.2 184.6 34.8 Lycopodiella 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0.8 0.6 0.8 2.2 6.8 3.6 0.2 0.2 14 Selaginella 3.8 0.8 1.2 2.8 17.6 3.8 0 0.4 72.8 0 0 0 0.4
Moss 0 0.2 0.2 0.4 1 0.4 1 0 0.4 0.6 0 0 1
Lycopodium 4.4 12.4 11.2 5.6 8.2 17.8 18.4 6.4 15.6 36 27.4 12.2 11
表 A (續 2)
樣本編號 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Theaceae 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0
Camellia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8 0.2 0 0 0 0
Polyspora 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trochodendron 0.6 1 0.8 6.4 1 49.2 0.6 0 0.4 1.2 0.4 0 7.4 Trema 1.4 1.8 0 2.8 3.6 2 1.6 0.8 2.4 0.6 3.2 0.6 0.8
Ulmus 0 0 0 0 0.6 0 0 0 0 0.6 0 0 0
Callicarpa 0 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.4 0 0.4 0.2 0 0 0 0 0
Clerodendrum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Σ AP 36 44.2 30.2 32.8 77.2 65.6 54.4 35.6 43 31.8 18.6 13.8 45.4 NAP
Justicia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Asteraceae 2.6 2 2 0.8 0.6 0.6 1 0.6 2.6 2 0.2 0 0
Artemisia 6.2 4.4 5.6 1.8 1 0.2 0.6 1.2 4.6 3.2 1.4 1.8 0.8
Caryophyllaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chenopodium 0 0 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 1.8 0.4 0.6 0.4
Convolvulaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cyperaceae 3.4 1.2 0 0.2 0.6 1 1.2 0 0.4 0.2 1.2 3.2 0.6
Liliaceae 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Humulus 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0.4 0 0.2 0 0.2 3 0.2 0 0
Poaceae 50.4 46.4 55 63.4 18.8 31.4 36.8 13.6 47.4 57 77.6 80.6 52.8
Polygonum 0 0.4 0 0 0.2 0 0.2 0.2 0.4 0 0.2 0 0
Umbelliferae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hydrocotyle 1.2 0.6 1 0.4 0 0 0 0 0.8 0 0.2 0 0
Urticaceae 0 0.6 5.4 0.2 0.8 0.8 5 48.4 0.4 1 0 0 0
Σ NAP 64 55.8 69.8 67.2 22.8 34.4 45.6 64.4 57 68.2 81.4 86.2 54.6 Hydrophytes & spores
Haloragaceae 2.4 1.2 1.6 0.2 0.2 0 4.8 0 0.2 0 0 4.8 1.2 Fern 33.8 19 27.2 62.6 20.2 21.8 24.6 23.6 88.6 23.4 32.6 45 55.6 Lycopodiella 0 10.2 18 8.8 5.8 9.4 29.2 1.8 15 0.8 9 0 0 Selaginella 0.2 1.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 1.2 0 0 0.4 0 0
Moss 1.2 0.8 0.2 0 0.4 0 0 1 0.6 0 0.4 0 0
Lycopodium 5 6.4 8 11 8.2 5.8 18.4 7.6 19.8 29 15.8 8.6 16.8
表 A (續 3)
樣本編號 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Theaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6 0
Camellia 0.2 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Polyspora 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trochodendron 1.8 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 2.2 0 0.2 Trema 4.2 1 2 0.8 1.6 3.2 1.2 2.2 3.8 0.6 0.4
Ulmus 0.2 0 0.2 0 0.4 0 0 0 0 0.4 0
Callicarpa 0 0 0.8 0.4 0.6 3.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Clerodendrum 0 0 0 0 0 0.6 0 0 0 0 0
Σ AP 60.8 23.4 41.4 7.4 18 52.8 74.8 13.8 72.6 11 82.2 NAP
Justicia 0 0 0 0.4 0 0 0.2 0.4 0 0 0
Asteraceae 0.4 1.2 1.6 1.6 3.8 2 1.2 1 1.2 2.2 1
Artemisia 1.4 1 0.8 2.2 1.4 0.8 0.6 1.2 1.6 0.8 1
Caryophyllaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chenopodium 0 0 0.4 0 0 0.6 0.6 0 0.8 0.2 0.2
Convolvulaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0
Cyperaceae 1 1.2 0.4 3.8 1.2 0.8 1 1.6 0.4 1.8 0.4
Liliaceae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Humulus 0 0.2 0.6 0 0.2 0.6 0.8 0 0.4 0 0
Poaceae 36.2 57.2 49.6 74.4 72.2 35.2 17.2 78.8 17.6 80.4 13.4
Polygonum 0 1.6 0.6 1.2 1 0.6 0 0.6 0 1 0
Umbelliferae 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hydrocotyle 0.2 0.6 1.4 6.6 1.8 1 0.4 1.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 Urticaceae 0 13.6 3.2 2.2 0.4 5.6 3.2 1.4 5.2 2 1.6 Σ NAP 39.2 76.6 58.6 92.6 82 47.2 25.2 86.2 27.4 89 17.8 Hydrophytes & spores
Haloragaceae 1 0.8 0.4 2.6 2.6 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 Fern 56.8 92.2 89.4 13.2 35 33.4 20 13.8 45.4 35.2 50.2 Lycopodiella 29.4 3.6 11.2 20.2 8.4 7 6.6 2.2 4.4 2 0.8 Selaginella 0.2 5.2 0 0 0 0.4 2.4 0 0.6 4.4 2.2
Moss 1.8 0.4 0.6 3.6 1.8 1.4 0.2 2.2 0.4 0.6 0.2
Lycopodium 10.8 15.4 13 13.8 27 23 11.6 11.4 17 11.8 13.2
附錄 B、選取 17 個表土花粉樣本與對應的 18 個植被調查樣區(陳等,2010) 之類群對照
附錄 B-1 表土花粉樣本 20 與植被調查樣區 701 之對照
本研究孢粉資料:樣本 20 陳等(2010)植被資料:樣區 701
類群科名 類群屬名 比例 物種中文名稱 物種科名 物種屬名 冠層 IVI 地被 IVI
Myricaceae Myrica 29.0
Pinaceae Pinus 13.8
Euphorbiaceae Macaranga 11.8
Euphorbiaceae Mallotus 0.4 白匏子 Euphorbiaceae Mallotus 3.600
Euphorbiaceae Sapium 2.6
Euphorbiaceae Bischofia 0.8
Fabaceae Acacia 7.6 相思樹 Fabaceae Acacia 26.243
Myrsinaceae Ardisia 3.0 樹杞 Myrsinaceae Ardisia 1.607
日本山桂花 Myrsinaceae Maesa 17.153
臺灣山桂花 Myrsinaceae Maesa 8.576
大明橘 Myrsinaceae Myrsine 4.648 0.172
Fagaceae Cyclobalanopsis 1.8
Fagaceae Castanopsis 0.8
Ulmaceae Trema 1.8
Saxifragaceae Itea 1.6 小花鼠刺 Saxifragaceae Itea 1.608
Trochodendraceae Trochodendron 1.0 Caprifoliaceae Viburnum 0.8 Hamamelidaceae Liquidambar 0.8
Daphniphyllaceae Daphniphyllum 0.6 奧氏虎皮楠 Daphniphyllaceae Daphniphyllum 0.172 Taxodiaceae Cryptomeria 0.6
Aquifoliaceae Ilex 0.4
Proteaceae Helicia 0.4
Rosaceae 0.4
斯氏懸鉤子 Rosaceae Rubus 0.172
Rubiaceae 0.4
Rubiaceae Mussaenda 0.2 玉葉金花 Rubiaceae Mussaenda 0.172
九節木 Rubiaceae Psychotria 8.576
茜草樹 Rubiaceae Randia 0.172
狗骨仔 Rubiaceae Tricalysia 2.463 0.172
Symplocaceae Symplocos 0.4 山豬肝 Symplocaceae Symplocos 1.715
Aceraceae Acer 0 尖葉楓 Aceraceae Acer 1.827
Araliaceae Schefflera 0 鵝掌柴 Araliaceae Schefflera 10.202 1.715
Ebenaceae Diospyros 0 山紅柿 Ebenaceae Diospyros 9.971 1.715
Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnus 0 藤胡頹子 Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnus 0.172
Euphorbiaceae Glochidion 0 細葉饅頭果 Euphorbiaceae Glochidion 0.172
Poaceae 12
弓果黍 Poaceae Cyrtococcum 8.576
竹葉草 Poaceae Oplismenus 1.715
Asteraceae 2.4
Asteraceae Artemisia 2.4
Urticaceae 1.6
紅楠 Lauraceae Machilus 18.813 0.172
森氏紅淡比 Theaceae Cleyera 14.420 1.715
薯豆 Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus 2.833 0.172
杜英 Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus 1.765 0.172
巴西水竹葉 Commelinaceae Tradescantia 8.576
臺灣天仙果 Moraceae Ficus 1.715
山月桃 Zingiberaceae Alpinia 1.715
附錄 B-2 表土花粉樣本 21 與植被調查樣區 702 之對照
本研究孢粉資料:樣本 21 陳等(2010)植被資料:樣區 702
類群科名 類群屬名 比例 物種中文名稱 物種科名 物種屬名 冠層 IVI 地被 IVI
Ebenaceae Diospyros 26.6 山紅柿 Ebenaceae Diospyros 15.003 0.284
Myricaceae Myrica 11
Saxifragaceae Itea 10.4
Fagaceae Castanopsis 6.8 長尾栲 Fagaceae Castanopsis 19.717 0.284
Fagaceae Cyclobalanopsis 4.4
Daphniphyllaceae Daphniphyllum 6.4 奧氏虎皮楠 Daphniphyllaceae Daphniphyllum 7.062 0.284
Myrsinaceae Ardisia 4.4 樹杞 Myrsinaceae Ardisia 6.206
大明橘 Myrsinaceae Myrsine 13.513 14.205
日本山桂花 Myrsinaceae Maesa 2.841
Pinaceae Pinus 3.0
Euphorbiaceae Macaranga 2.6 Euphorbiaceae Mallotus 2.2
Euphorbiaceae Sapium 0.6
Rubiaceae 1.4
Rubiaceae Mussaenda 0.4
琉球雞屎樹 Rubiaceae Lasianthus 14.205
九節木 Rubiaceae Psychotria 5.232 28.409
茜草樹 Rubiaceae Randia 5.975 2.841
Ulmaceae Trema 1.2
Hamamelidaceae Liquidambar 1.0 Trochodendraceae Trochodendron 1.0
Aquifoliaceae Ilex 0.6 臺灣糊樗 Aquifoliaceae Ilex 2.720 2.841
Caprifoliaceae Sambucus 0.6
Fabaceae Acacia 0.6
Proteaceae Helicia 0.6 山龍眼 Proteaceae Helicia 1.051 2.841
Betulaceae Alnus 0.4
Rosaceae 0.4
墨點櫻桃 Rosaceae Prunus 0.284
Verbenaceae Callicarpa 0.4
Saxifragaceae Hydrangea 0.2 狹瓣八仙 Saxifragaceae Hydrangea 2.841
Araliaceae Schefflera 0 鵝掌柴 Araliaceae Schefflera 5.202
Symplocaceae Symplocos 0 山豬肝 Symplocaceae Symplocos 2.841
Poaceae 9.8
Asteraceae Artemisia 1.4
Moraceae Humulus 0.4
紅楠 Lauraceae Machilus 17.499
山月桃 Zingiberaceae Alpinia 14.205
臺灣土茯苓 Smilacaceae Smilax 2.841
紅果金粟蘭 Chloranthaceae Sarcandra 2.841
Selaginellaceae Selaginella 0.4 生根卷柏 Selaginellaceae Selaginella 0.284