第四章 結果與討論
4.4 燃料電池組效能
4.4.1 Nafion 膜電極組效能測試
Nafion 薄膜燃料電池組裝之膜電極組,本實驗室先前實驗結果 [10],其極化曲線與功率密度曲線如 Figure 4-22 所示。結果顯示,燃料 電池組之開環電壓(open circuit voltage,OCV)為 0.893V,在電流密度 (current density)為 554.6mA/cm2時,具有最大功率密度(power density)約 為 208W/cm2。
操作條件:
H2 flow rate:100mL/min(70℃) O2 flow rate:100mL/min(65℃) Cell temperature:50℃
Pt/C loading of Anode:0.2 mg/cm2 Pt/C loading of Cathode:0.4 mg/cm2 Electrode area:5cm×5cm
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(a)
(b)
Figure 4-22 Polarization curve of a fuel cell using Nafion-based MEA[10]
(a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs. current density
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4.4.2 32mol%磺酸化聚苯乙烯膜電極組燃料電池效能
將磺酸化聚苯乙烯與觸媒電極製備成膜電極組,電極面積 1×1cm2, 進行燃料電池效能測試,測試操作的條件如下:H2 flow rate:100mL/min(70
℃);O2 flow rate:100mL/min(65℃);Cell temperature:50℃。
結果如 Figure 4-23 所示。結果顯示,開環電壓(open circuit voltage,
OCV)約為 0.86V,電流密度(current density)為 78.1mA/cm2時,具有最大 功率 19.6mW/cm2,此時電池電位為 0.257V,OCV 約為理論電位(1.23V) 的 70%。
4.4.2.1 32mol%磺酸化聚苯乙烯/[N
222.1O2]系列離子液體複合膜
電極組燃料電池效能以 32mol%磺酸化聚苯乙烯與[N222.1O2]系列離子液體,依據不同磺酸 根/離子液體莫耳數比例(1:0.5、1:0.25、1:0.1)製備質子交換複合膜,並製 備成膜電極組。各種不同比例的複合膜的膜電極組,其效能測試結果如 Figure 4-24、Figure 4-25、Figure 4-26、Figure 4-27、Figure 4-28、Figure 4-29 所示。
SPS/[N222.1O2][BF4]複合膜在各種莫耳比例下,其 MEA 效能如 Figure 4-24 所示。開環電壓約為 0.9~0.81V,最大功率密度約為
12~7mW/cm2,相對應的電流密度約為 45~23mA/cm2,相對應的電壓約 為 0.35~0.26V。
SPS/[N222.1O2][PF6]複合膜在各種莫耳比例下,其 MEA 效能如 Figure 4-25 所示。開環電壓約為 0.94~0.73V,最大功率密度約為
8.4~5mW/cm2,相對應的電流密度約為 43~23mA/cm2,相對應的電壓約
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為 0.35~0.26V。
SPS/[N222.1O2][CF3BF3]複合膜在各種莫耳比例下,其 MEA 效能如 Figure 4-26 所示。開環電壓約為 0.89~0.72V,最大功率密度約為
8.4~8.2mW/cm2,相對應的電流密度約為 47~23 mA/cm2,相對應的電壓 約為 0.3~0.23V。
SPS/[N222.1O2][C2F5BF3]複合膜在各種莫耳比例下,其 MEA 效能如 Figure 4-27 所示。開環電壓約為 0.74~0.72V,最大功率密度約為
4.7~2.9mW/cm2,相對應的電流密度約為 23~13mA/cm2,相對應的電壓 約為 0.25~0.21V。
SPS/[N222.1O2][C3F7BF3]複合膜在各種莫耳比例下,其 MEA 效能如 Figure 4-28 所示。開環電壓約為 0.88~0.72V,最大功率密度約為
9.1~6.8mW/cm2,相對應的電流密度約為 47~34mA/cm2,相對應的電壓 約為 0.23~0.21V。
SPS/[N222.1O2][C4F9BF3]複合膜在各種莫耳比例下,其 MEA 效能如 Figure 4-29 所示。開環電壓約為 0.92~0.71V,最大功率密度約為
25~4.1mW/cm2,相對應的電流密度約為 68~23mA/cm2,相對應的電壓 約為 0.4~0.21V。
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(a)
(b)
Figure 4-23 Performance of a fuel cell using 32mol% SPS-basedMEA (a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs. current density
94
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(b)
Figure 4-24 Performance of a fuel cell using 32mol% SPS/[N222.1O2][BF4] MEA. (a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs. current density
95
(a)
(b)
Figure 4-25 Performance of a fuel cell using 32mol% SPS/[N222.1O2][PF6] MEA(a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs. current density
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(a)
(b)
Figure 4-26 Performance of a fuel cell using 32mol% SPS/[N222.1O2] [CF3BF3] MEA(a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs.
current density
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(a)
(b)
Figure 4-27 Performance of a fuel cell using 32mol% SPS/[N222.1O2] [C2F5BF3] MEA(a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs.
current density.
98
(a)
(b)
Figure 4-28 Performance of a fuel cell using 32mol% SPS/[N222.1O2] [C3F7BF3] MEA(a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs.
current density
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(a)
(b)
Figure 4-29 Performance of a fuel cell using 32mol% SPS/[N222.1O2] [C4F9BF3] MEA(a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs.
current density
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4.4.3 40mol%磺酸化聚苯乙烯
將磺酸化聚苯乙烯與觸媒電極製備成膜電極組,電極面積 1×1cm2, 進行燃料電池效能測試,測試操作的條件如下:H2 flow rate:100mL/min(70
℃);O2 flow rate:100mL/min(65℃);Cell temperature:50℃。
結果如 Figure 4-30 所示。結果顯示,,開環電壓(open circuit
voltage,OCV)約為 0.853V,電流密度(current density)為 39mA/cm2時,
具有最大功率 9.5mW/cm2,此時電池電位為 0.243V,OCV 約為理論電 位(1.23V)的 70%。
4.4.3.1 40mol%磺酸化聚苯乙烯/[N
222.1O2]系列離子液體複合膜
電極組燃料電池效能以 40mol%磺酸化聚苯乙烯與[N222.1O2]系列離子液體,依據不同磺酸 根/離子液體莫耳數比例(1:0.5、1:0.25、1:0.1)製備質子交換複合膜,並 製備成膜電極組。各種不同比例的複合膜的膜電極組,其效能測試結果 如 Figure 4-31、Figure 4-32、Figure 4-33、Figure 4-34、Figure 4-35、
Figure 4-36 所示。
SPS/[N222.1O2][BF4]複合膜在各種莫耳比例下,其 MEA 效能如 Figure 4-31 所示。開環電壓約為 0.74~0.65V,最大功率密度約為
3.12~2.33 mW/cm2,相對應的電流密度約為 16~12 mA/cm2,相對應的電 壓約為 0.197~0.194V。
SPS/[N222.1O2][PF6]複合膜在各種莫耳比例下,其 MEA 效能如 Figure 4-32 所示。開環電壓約為 0.68~0.61V,最大功率密度約為
2.95~2.16 mW/cm2,相對應的電流密度約為 15~10mA/cm2,相對應的電
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壓約為 0.216~0.195V。
SPS/[N222.1O2][CF3BF3]複合膜在各種莫耳比例下,其 MEA 效能如 Figure 4-33 所示。開環電壓約為 0.75~0.7V,最大功率密度約為
8.55~2.01 mW/cm2,相對應的電流密度約為 30~9 mA/cm2,相對應的電 壓約為 0.285~0.198V。
SPS/[N222.1O2][C2F5BF3]複合膜在各種莫耳比例下,其 MEA 效能如 Figure 4-34 所示。開環電壓約為 0.748~0.631V,最大功率密度約為 8.09~5.04 mW/cm2,相對應的電流密度約為 29~17 mA/cm2,相對應的電 壓約為 0.35V。
SPS/[N222.1O2][C3F7BF3]複合膜在各種莫耳比例下,其 MEA 效能如 Figure 4-35 所示。開環電壓約為 0.774~0.633V,最大功率密度約為 11.85~3.56 mW/cm2,相對應的電流密度約為 25~18 mA/cm2,相對應的 電壓約為 0.468~0.198V。
SPS/[N222.1O2][C4F9BF3]複合膜在各種莫耳比例下,其 MEA 效能如 Figure 4-36 所示。開環電壓約為 0.757~0.739V,最大功率密度約為 9.08~5.91 mW/cm2,相對應的電流密度約為 40~27 mA/cm2,相對應的電 壓約為 0.227~0.219V。
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(a)
(b)
Figure 4-30 Performance of a fuel cell using 40mol% SPS-based MEA (a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs. current density.
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(b)
Figure 4-31 Performance of a fuel cell using 40mol% SPS/[N222.1O2][BF4] MEA(a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs. current density.
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(b)
Figure 4-32 Performance of a fuel cell using 40mol% SPS/[N222.1O2] [PF6] MEA(a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs. current density.
105
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(b)
Figure 4-33 Performance of a fuel cell using 40mol% SPS/[N222.1O2] [CF3BF3] MEA(a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs.
current density.
106
(a)
(b)
Figure 4-34 Performance of a fuel cell using 40mol% SPS/[N222.1O2] [C2F5BF3] MEA(a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs.
current density.
107
(a)
(b)
Figure 4-35 Performance of a fuel cell using 40mol% SPS/[N222.1O2] [C3F7BF3] MEA(a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs.
current density.
108
(a)
(b)
Figure 4-36 Performance of a fuel cell using 40mol% SPS/[N222.1O2] [C4F9BF3] MEA(a)Polarization cure;(b)Power density vs.
current density.
109
本研究利用 quaternization reaction[47]製備離子液體,製備離子液體 由 Triethylamine 和 2-Bromoethyl methyl ether 經 過 高 壓 反 應 合 成
[N222.1O2][Br],由反應方程式(2-1)可知,並無副反應產生;產物經過再結
晶純化後,利用陰離子交換樹脂將其中[Br]交換成[OH],即可獲得陽離子