4. Methodology
4.6. Questionnaire
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Loan diversion rate LDR
- (Higher loan diversion rate, low probability of default)
Agriculture loan ALP + (Agriculture loan, high probability of default) Construction loan CL + (Construction Loan, high probability of default) Additional income
(remittance) AI - (Additional income, low probability of default) Training TN - (Obtain training, low probability of default) Livestock LSPFM - (High livestock value, low probability of default) Land size LAPFM - (More land size, low probability of default)
4.6. Questionnaire
Purpose of the SurveyMr. Morxay Vongnakhone works for the Saving and Credit Union Champa Phatthana.
He is currently pursuing his master’s degree in Taiwan and conducting this survey for his graduation thesis. This survey will be very useful not only for the graduation purpose but also for the Saving and Credit Union Champa Phatthana in terms of policy making and service improvement to its village bank clients. Your input will be protected and used for study purpose solely.
The interview will be conducted with the head of the household or his/her representative who is a member (beneficiary) of the Village bank.
General Information
Province: Champasack………...
District: ……….
Village: ……….
Name of Client: ………. Book Account Number: …………
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Part 1: Demography of a Household Head 1. Age ………. years old 2. Gender
Male Female 3. Marital status
Single Married Divorced Widowed
4. Educational levels No education Primary school High school Bachelor’s degree Master’s degree Ph. D.
In total, how many years of time spent in school starting from primary school....years 5. Family member
Total number of family members………...people Number of family members aging under 18 and over 60……...people Number of family members who can earn for the living………....….... people Part 2: Borrower's Characteristics and Loan Information
6. Celebration and participation on social festivals a year
How much your family spent on average annually………...LAK The percentage of your family income spent on social festivals………...…%?
7. Distance/time from borrowers’ residence to SCU office/district center
How long does it take to the district center in the…………...………...minutes?
How long does it take to the district center in the raining season…………..minutes?
8. Land size
Agriculture land size……hectares; how much is it worth ………... LAK Construction land size…. Square matter; how much is it worth...LAK 9. Other sources of income in addition to loan
Do you have any other income in addition to loan? Yes No
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What are your other incomes from (rent, relative from Thailand, rent)?
...
10. Value of livestock
Cows: How many you have….; How much can you sell them for?...LAK Buffalo: How many you have….; How much can you sell them for?...LAK Pig: How many you have….; How much can you sell them for? …...LAK Other: How many you have...; How much can you sell them for?...LAK 11. Employment status
Do you work for the government? Yes No Do you work for a private company? Yes No
Do you have any working contracts with others (ex: construction work)? Yes No 12. For which activities do you borrow money?
Agriculture Trading Construction Services Other 13. How much did you receive from your current/latest loan?...LAK 14. How long is/was the loan contract?...Month 15. Loan diversion rate:
What is the percentage of the borrowed fund with respect to the income generated activities?...%
16. Have you participated in financial literacy training?
Yes No
Part 3: Defaulters’ Perspective on their Repayment 17. What is the main reason for your default?
Involuntary default Loss on business
Poor agricultural production
Not using funds on income generating activities Having no financial plan
Sickness or death Divorce
Using fund to pay another loan
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Other
18. What do you do to solve the problem when you default?
Borrow money from family, friends, relatives or moneylenders (pay interests) Sell properties
Consult with VB about how to solve problems Find extra incomes
Other
19. What are you afraid the most when you default?
Feel nothing Afraid of over debt
Afraid of losing properties Afraid of losing honesty Afraid of losing face
Afraid of unable to get loan from VB in the future Afraid VB losing benefit
Other
20. What will you do to prevent loan default?
Plan saving in advance Extend agricultural area Increase livestock
Use money on income generating activities Attend tannings
Have more diverse crops production Plan carefully on expenses
Other
21. How should the village bank/ financial institution help you when you default your loan?
Stop collecting interest Reduce interest rate Extend the lending time Don’t take properties
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Other
Part 4: Non-Defaulters’ Perspectives on their Repayment
22. What are the three main factors that help you pay back your loan on time?
Invest on income generating activities Financial discipline/ financial plan Have regular income/stable job Have business generating profit Income from agriculture
Remittance from abroad (Thailand, US, …etc.) Other
23. What should village bank/ SCU Champa Phatthana do to help you continuously pay back your loan on time?
Reduce Interest rate Increase loan ceiling Extend loan period Work faster
Inform members one or two days in advance for VB services Do a great good job already
Other
24. How would you feel if you would have loan default?
Feel nothing Afraid of over debt
Afraid of losing properties Afraid of losing honesty Afraid of losing face
Afraid of unable to get loan from VB in the future Afraid of VB losing benefit
Not happy/ worried Don't know
Other
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25. Should you default your loan, what will you do?
Borrow money from family, friends, relatives or moneylenders Sell properties
Consult with VB about how to solve problems Other
Part 5: Experiences before the Entrance of the Village Bank.
26. Where did you get your loan before the entrance of the village bank?
No loan before
Banks (APB, ADB, Noyaobay Bank, etc.) MFIs
Friends, relatives, and family Moneylenders
Other………...……....………...………. (specify if any) 27. What do moneylenders usually do if you cannot pay back your loan on
time?
Take properties Charge/fire
Extend contract but ask to pay interest Extend contract without asking for interest Other
28. What is the interest rate you pay to moneylenders per month? ....(%) 29. What are the benefits of getting a loan from the village bank?
Easy approval and comfortable
Helpful in case of emergency circumstances Low interest compared to moneylenders Service delivers to the village
Don’t have to borrow from moneylenders A place to save money
Other
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30. What are the disadvantages of getting a loan from a village bank?
Do not have
Higher interest rates compared to banks Only one-time service per month Unprofessional services
The ceiling is too low Other
Part 6: Interview for SCU’s Personnel: Why Clients Default their Loans?
31. SCU’s staff’s perspectives on loan default a. Why do clients default?
b. What do you normally do to prevent the default?
c. What training do you need to improve your performance?
d. What are the good points and bad points of loan restructuring?
e. What should SCU do to prevent loan default?
32. Perspective of a manager on loan default
a. What are the main reasons why clients default their loan?
33. Perspective of a development advisor on loan default a. What are the main reasons why clients default their loan?
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