142. The MSAR Government remains deeply committed to ensure the enjoyment and protection in an effective manner of the fundamental rights and freedoms enshrined in the BL, in the human rights treaties applicable in Macao, as well as in ordinary legislation.
143. The MSAR Government recognizes the importance of the reporting mechanism to the United Nations human rights treaty bodies and takes seriously their observations and
recommendations.
144. The MSAR Government pledges to continue to promote human rights, with due regard to the young generations, in order to assure a multicultural and ethnic society based on harmony, anti-bias and tolerance education.
145. The MSAR Government shall strive to maintain a proper balance between the enjoyment of civil and political rights and social, economic and cultural rights, particular consideration being given to the rights of vulnerable groups, such as the disabled, the elderly, the children, the women and persons under custody.
146. The MSAR Government commits to improve social rights. Cooperation with the civil society and NGOs will be enhanced.
147. The MSAR Government commits to extend compulsory education until the end of secondary school.
148. The MSAR Government is committed to fully protect personal freedom and human dignity, inter alia, by reinforcing preventive measures and suppressing the trafficking of human beings and the exploitation of women and children and protecting victims’ rights.
149. The MSAR Government pledges to increase its fight against corruption. To this end, the scope and powers of the CAC shall be broadened and reinforced. The CAC’s jurisdiction will be extended to the private sector, in order for the MSAR Government and the community to play a bigger part in building a probity culture. Anti-corruption mechanisms for administration and financial management systems related to public resources shall be put in place. Additional efforts shall be undertaken, together with the civil society and NGOs, to further promote a corruption-free society and to maximize the effectiveness of publicity campaigns to build a clean society.
150. In line with the commitment to a government more accountable to the citizens, the MSAR Government shall strengthen its accountability system for bureau directors, department heads and division chiefs in systemic and disciplinary terms.
151. The MSAR Government shall continue to dedicate great attention to the preservation and promotion of Macao’s historic buildings and heritage, namely to the sites (“Historic Centre of Macao”) included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The annual international arts events that are currently hosted in Macao will be improved. Studies will be made with a view to promote new museums and artistic and cultural events that have good potential for Macao’s cultural development and economic diversification.
152. Monitoring mechanisms of government policies in the field of human rights shall be strengthened, along with other means to improve “law in action” and to assess its effectiveness.
Notes
1 参参参参参参参 参 参参参参选 选 .
2恩格尔系数（%）=食品支出总额/家庭或个人消费支出总额*100%。该系数反映随着家庭和个人收入增加，收 入中用于食品方面的支出比例将逐渐缩小。根据联合国粮农组织提出的标准，恩格尔系数在59%以上为贫困，
50-59%为温饱，40-45%为小康，30-40%为富裕。
3 For further detail as to the MSAR background and institutional framework, please refer to Part III of China’s Core Document [HRI/CORE/1/Add.21/Rev.2].
4 A complete list of applicable treaties is available on the MSAR Government website.
5 For an updated description on human rights protection mechanisms under such treaties and available remedies, please refer to Part III of China’s latest reports to each of the relevant UN HR treaty bodies.
Annex 1
NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS CONTRIBUTING TO THE PREPARATION OF CHINA’S NATIONAL REPORT UNDER THE UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW
• Commission of Legislative Affairs of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress
• Supreme People’s Court
• Supreme People’s Procuratorate
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs
• National Development and Reform Commission
• Ministry of Education
• Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
• State Ethnic Affairs Commission
• Ministry of Public Security
• Ministry of Civil Affairs
• Ministry of Justice
• Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security
• Ministry of Environmental Protection
• Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development
• Ministry of Agriculture
• Ministry of Health
• National Population and Family Planning Commission
• General Administration of Press and Publication
• General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
• General Administration of Work Safety
• National Bureau of Statistics
• State Administration for Religious Affairs
• Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council
• Office of Legislative Affairs of the State Council
• State Council Information Office
• State Bureau for Letters and Calls of Complaint
• Office of the State Council Steering Group on Poverty Alleviation through Development
Annex 2
NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS PARTICIPATING IN THE CONSULTATION ON THE PREPARATION OF CHINA’S NATIONAL REPORT UNDER THE UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW
• All-China Women’s Federation
• All-China Federation of Trade Unions
• China Disabled Persons’ Federation
• China Society for Human Rights Studies
• United Nations Association of China
• Law Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
• China NGO Network for International Exchanges
• Red Cross Society of China
• China Family Planning Association
• China Centre of Tibetan Studies
• China Care Association
• China Ethnic Minority Association for International Exchanges
• China Association of Women Entrepreneurs
• China Glory Charity Programme Promotion Association
• China Education Association for International Exchange
Annex 3
THE 25 INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS CONVENTIONS TO WHICH CHINA IS A PARTY
1. Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide 2. Convention relating to the Status of Refugees
3. Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees
4. International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination*
5. International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid 6. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women*
7. Convention on the Rights of the Child*
8. Convention concerning Equal Remuneration for Men and Women Workers for Work of Equal Value
9. Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment*
10. Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field
11. Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea
12. Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 13. Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War
14. Protocol Additional to the Geneva Convention of 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I)
15. Protocol Additional to the Geneva Convention of 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II)
16. Convention concerning Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) 17. Convention concerning the Rights of Association and Combination of Agricultural Workers 18. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights*
19. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography
* Denotes a core human rights convention.
20. Convention concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour
21. Convention concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment
22. Convention concerning Discrimination in Respect of Employment and Occupation 23. Convention concerning Employment Policy
24. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict
25. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities*
Annex 4 TABLES
Table 1. Poverty alleviation in China, 1986-2007 Poverty-reduction in rural areas
(Millions of people)
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Number of persons living in extreme poverty
Number of low-income poor
140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0
Growth in central budget allocations for poverty alleviation programmes
(Millions of yuan)
1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 18,000
16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0
Table 2. Urban residents participating in social insurance schemes, 2003-2007 (Millions of people)
Table 3. Periodicals and books published, 1949-2007
Periodicals Books Year Types of publication Number printed per
issue (millions)
Number of titles Number of copies (millions)
1949 257 8 000 105
1978 930 62.001 14 987 3 774.24
2002 9 029 204.06 170 962 6 870
2007 9 468 166.97 248 283 6 293
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