• 沒有找到結果。

CONCLUSION, IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

If we consider trends in Islamic Investment banking, establishment of more Islamic banks should work towards improving services and lowering charges of these institutions. Therefore, the establishment of new Islamic Banks in the country could be considered a positive step in the direction of eliminating the monopoly that exists in this market. On the other hand in terms of marketing and educating the retail consumers, Islamic banks need to be more proactive to be able to attract new clients. Kuwait Finance House will no doubt lose retail consumers with the active entry of new banks such as Boubyan and Kuwait Real Estate Bank. Also, if the banking market reports are to be believed and foreign banks are allowed to enter the market with Islamic banking services, continuing the current growth of KFH will be difficult in terms of retail banking. KFH has been enjoying considerable growth over the past few years and it needs to change the various aspects of its operations to continue its leadership position in the long run. It currently enjoys a market leader position and therefore is at a competitive advantage over other banks. The research also highlights that with the increase in competition within the banking industry, Islamic banks should not only depend upon Muslims as a source of depositor. They should try to increase their customer base by including non-Muslims as potential customers (Haron et al 1994b) and in Kuwait their focus should particularly be towards the expatriate community which is largely ignored. Our findings leads us to conclude that a more user/ customer friendly environment needs to be created by Islamic banks by reaching out to expatriate retail consumers in the Kuwait market and use English as a medium for communication, advertising and other public relation activities. This research along with the work done previously by researchers shows that the various bank selection criteria would be different for different countries. The current research also highlights better return on investment, quality of services offered by the bank, easily available ATM facilities and bank reputation as being most important for the majority of the consumers. Compared to previous works the one factor which is seen common to all consumers throughout various countries is the quality of service and efficiency of service offered by the bank. Based on the inferential results, the research also implies that some of the factors based on which the opinions of people differed was interest rates, special services for women, effective advertising, online brokerage facilities, and credit services. Choice of the first two attributes may differ due to religious and cultural differences.

But differences in ratings for latter attributes by different bank consumers is probably because of lower importance attached to these services in Islamic financial institutions while these remain to be important for banking consumer community.

REFERENCES

Almossawi, M. (2001) ‘Bank selection criteria employed by college students in Bahrain: an empirical analysis’.

International Journal of Bank Marketing,19(3), pp 115-125.

Anderson, W T. et al. (1976) ‘Bank Selection Decisions and Market Segmentation’, Journal of Marketing, 40, Jan 1976, pp. 40.

Cunningham, J B. & Gerrard, P. (1997) ‘Islamic banking: a research in Singapore’. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 15(6), pp 204–216.

Erol, C. & El-Bdour, R. (1989) ‘Attitudes, Behavior and Patronage Factors of Bank Customers Towards Islamic Banking’. International Journal of Bank Marketing, vol. 7, December 1989, pp. 31-39.

Edris, T. A. and Al Mahmeed, M.A.(1997) ‘Services considered important to business consumers and determinants of bank selection in Kuwait: a segmentation analysis’. International Journal for Bank Marketing, 15(4), pp 126-133.

Delvin (2002) ‘Customer knowledge and choice criteria in retail banking’. J of Strategic Mk, vol 10, pp. 273-290.

Global Investment House (2006) ‘Banks’ assets hit KD 20.5b; Policies pay off’. Arab Times, 12th Feb 2006.

Global Investment House (2005) ‘Regional Report’. Banker Middle East, July 2005, Issue 61, pp 22-24.

Haroon, S. (2000a ) , ‘The philosophy of Islamic Banking’, In: Asma, S.(ed.) Anthology of Islamic Banking . London: Publisher Institute of Islamic banking and insurance. pp55 -58.

Haron, S. et al (1994b), ’Bank Patronage factors for Muslim and Non Muslim Customers’. International Journal of Banking, 12(1) , pp 32-40 .

Kaynak, E., Kucukemiroglu, O. and Odabasi, Y. (1991) ’Commercial bank selection in Turkey’. International Journal of Bank Marketing 9 (4), pp. 30-9.

Kazeh K. & Decker W (1992) ‘How customers choose banks’, Journal of Retail Banking, 14 (4), Winter, pp 41-44.

Kuwait Finance House Annual Report (2005).

Laroche, M. and Taylor, T. (1988) ‘An empirical research of major segmentation issues in retail banking'.

International Journal of Bank Marketing, 6(1) pp. 31-48.

Metawa, S A. , Almossawi, M .(1998) ‘Banking behavior of Islamic Bank customers: perspectives and implications’. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 16(7) , pp 299-313.

Naser, K., et al (1999). ‘Islamic banking: a research of customer satisfaction and preferences in Jordan ‘.

International Journal of Bank Marketing. 17(3), pp135- 150.

Nienhaus, V. (1986), ‘Islamic economics, finance, banking theory and practice’. Journal of Islamic Banking and Finance, 3(2) pp. 3654.

Rashad B.(2006) ‘Report on Banking in the Middle East’ . Arab Times, May 31st, 2006, pp28.

Shameen, A. (2005) ‘Islamic Banks: A Novelty No Longer’ BusinessWeek Online, 8 August 2005.

Usmani, M. T. (1998) , An Introduction to Islamic Finance. Karachi: Publishers Idaratul Maarif.

Yavas, U. (1988) ‘Banking behavior in an Arabian gulf country: a consumer survey’. International Journal of Bank marketing, 6 (5), pp. 40 -8.

Zaithaml ,V.A. (1988) ‘Consumer perceptions of price, quality and value: a means-end model and synthesis of evidence’. Journal of Marketing, 52 (2), pp. 22.

Zaher ,T.S. & Hassan M.K. (2001) ‘ A comparative Literature Survey of Islamic finance and Banking’. Financial Markets Institutions & Instruments, 10 (4), November 2001, pp 155.

CONSTRUCTION AND PRACTICAL EVALUATION OF