Evaluation Level of FDEA-SOM - APPROACH CONSTRUCTION 1 Evaluation Indicators

3. APPROACH CONSTRUCTION 1 Evaluation Indicators

3.4 Evaluation Level of FDEA-SOM

Finally, through the FDEA-SOM approach, the evaluation levels of the 16 representative projects are obtained and shown in Figure 2. Of the 16 projects, projects 9, 10, 11, and 12 are level 1, projects 2 and 6 are level 2, projects 4, 8, and 16 are level 3, projects 1, 14, and 15 are level 4, and projects 3, 5, 7, and 13 are level 5.

Figure 2. The Evaluation Levels of FDEA-SOM 4. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

This study is aimed at establishing an evaluation approach for a new tourism development project, in which the 16 representative tourism development projects taken in Taiwan are measured as the comparison standard of the evaluation level. In addition, in the process of SOM cluster analysis, the integrality of evaluation classification must be considered in the 16 representative projects. Namely, the 16 representative projects must comprehensively comprise the well evaluation ones, the mediocre evaluation ones, and the poor evaluation ones, which are generally acknowledged by the domain experts. Thus, this approach can offer the evaluation level for a new tourism development project correctly.

Furthermore, the FDEA method can offer the slack variables (5 slack variables derived from 5 indicators), it can show which indicators need improvement, and how much improvement should to be made. If a slack variable is not equal to 0, it means that the project is not relatively perfect to the indicator, and a larger value means the indicator has a larger room for improvement. From the FDEA analysis, it showed that over 55% of the 16 projects did not meet the target of “very satisfied” because of indicators 3 and 4 (the contents of project merchandise, and tourism facilities and securities). This shows that the tourism development projects in Taiwan are rather inadequate at these two resources. The one with the lowest frequency of occurrence was indicator 1 (development cost), where only 20% investors of the 16 projects were dissatisfied with this indicator. This means that most projects are able to effectively handle the basic development work (cost), such as

difficulty degree of development, resistance degree of local residents, development period, and amount of project, etc.

This approach can be an effective tool for the decision-making of a new tourism development project. Once there are new alternatives for evaluating, with this approach, the investor can acquire a reasonable development project correctly.

REFERENCES

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European Journal of Operational Research, 2, 429-444.

Chen, C. F. (2006). Applying the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Approach to Convention Site Selection. Journal of Travel Research, 45, 167-174.

Deng, J., King, B., & Bauer, T. (2002). Evaluating Natural Attractions for Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 29, 422-438.

Kanges, J., & Kohonen, T. (1996). Developments and Applications of the Self-Organizing Map and Related Algorithms. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 41, 3-12.

Lewin, A.Y., & Minton, J.W. (1986). Determining organizational effectiveness: another look, and an agenda for research. Management Science, 32, (5), 514-538.

Phillips, P., & Louvieris, P. (2005). Performance Measurement System in Tourism, Hospitality, and Leisure Small Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Balanced Scorecard Perspective. Journal of Travel Research, 44, 201-211.

ଯமࡋ໔ྂ૽ግჹғ౛ᆶૈໆжᖴ፾ᔈϐቹៜϷᔈҔ

݅Ο੻ / ቅҥӹ ୯ҥᆵࠄεᏢ

ᄔ ा

ख़ፄଯமࡋޑ૽ግǴམଛཱུอޑҶ৲ਔ໔Ǵᆀࣁଯமࡋ໔ྂ૽ግȐhigh intensity interval training, HIITȑǴځ੝܄ࢂ૽ግໆեǴ઻຤ਔ໔อǴՠ૽ግமࡋࠅࢂߚதεǶ೸

ၸ HIIT ޑόᘐڈᐟǴ཮٬يᡏၲډ፾ᔈǴ෧጗жᖴނޑ୴ᑈǵ׭ڋੲമޑౢғǴ຾Զ ගϲၮ୏߄౜ǶHIIT ჹԼԺૈໆжᖴǴନΑёаቚ຾ᘗᘔለӝԋ䁙ϷЧ✉ለಥణ䁙ന εࢲ܄Ǵᗋёаගϲ 3 ♏ㄽ୷ᇶ䁙 A ಥణ䁙Ȑ3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, ȕ-HADȑ ޑനεࢲ܄Ǵߦ຾ՈዀෞᚆિެለޑճҔǴၲډၮ୏ਔ࿯࣪ૈໆ੃઻ޑਏ݀ǶHIIT ޑ ᔈҔځமࡋሡଯܭค਼⸣ॶǴၮ୏Ҷ৲ਔ໔Кऊࣁ 1Ǻ3~6ǹӵаЈၢ౗଺ࣁமࡋ௓ڋ ᡂኧǴ૽ግਔϸᙟ໔໪फ़Կ 150 ԛ/ϩǵಔ໔໪फ़Կ 125 ԛ/ϩаΠǶHIIT К໺಍Ԅऐ Κ૽ግԖၨӳޑਔ໔ਏ੻Ǵՠ૽ግமࡋКଆ໺಍ऐΚ૽ግޑமࡋଯр೚ӭǴ௲ግጓ௨

૽ግीฝਔǴᔈݙཀ૽ግޑচ߾ǴᗉխᒧЋӢၸࡋ૽ግ೷ԋϸਏ݀Ƕ

ᜢᗖຒǺଯଯமࡋ໔ྂ૽ግǵෞᚆિެለǵค਼⸣ॶǵȕ-HADǵၸࡋ૽ግ

൘ǵ߻ق

ࣴز᛾ჴǴ໺಍ऐΚ૽ግȐendurance training, ETȑёаቚуମᓝԼಈጕᡏኧໆϷᡏᑈǴ ගϲિެжᖴૈΚǴ຾Զׯ๓ၮ୏߄౜ȐSpina, 1996ȑǶ߈ԃٰࣽᏢϯ૽ግ܌மፓࢂ૽ግਔ໔ ޑ࿶ᔮਏ੻ǴӢԜߡว৖рଯமࡋ໔ྂ૽ግȐHigh intensity interval training, HIITȑǶԖ٤Ꮲޣ ᇡࣁǴHIIT ёаቚமଯமࡋਔޑၮ୏߄౜ǵගϲિެжᖴޑೲ౗аϷԖ਼ऐΚȐLaursen &

Jenkins, 2002; Edge, Bishop & Goodman, 2006ȑǶHIIT ޑ૽ግ่݀Ǵ཮೷ԋૈໆޑ੃઻کжᖴ

ౢނޑ୴ᑈԶᏤठੲമǴӢԜ೸ၸߏයڈᐟϸᔈǴගϲيᡏޑ፾ᔈૈΚǴၲډۯᒨੲമޑਏ

݀ǶHIIT ᆶ ET ӕኬ೿཮ᇨว࣬ӕޑཥഋжᖴᡂϯǴՠ HIIT ࠅૈаၨϿޑ૽ግໆǴၲډᆶߏ ਔ໔ऐΚ૽ግޑԋਏǶBurgomaster ฻Ȑ2005ȑ᛾ჴǴѝሡाΒຼޑଯமࡋޑፂڈ܄໔ྂ૽ግ Ȑsprint interval training, SITȑǴߡىаቚ຾ӼᓉਔޑԼԺطᗐ֖ໆϷᘗᘔለӝԋ䁙ޑࢲ܄ǴК ଆ ET ׳ૈזೲޑڈᐟׯ๓ԼԺޑ਼ϯૈΚǶ྽ԼԺճҔԖ਼ૈໆޑКٯቚуਔǴёа෧ե ԼԺύޑ٢ለ׎ԋکۯᒨԼԺޑੲമȐMcCutcheon, Geor & Hinchcliff, 1999ȑǴҗܭ HIIT Ԗၨ

٫ޑਔ໔ਏᔈǴӧׯ๓Ԗ਼ૈΚ΢ाКեமࡋޑ໔ྂၮ୏׳Ԗਏ݀ȐHale, 1989; Ingjer, 1992;

Sutton, 1984ȑǴ܌аς࿶೏ቶݱᔈҔܭගϲԖ਼ૈΚ΢Ƕ

ҁЎകЬाӧ௖૸HIITჹيᡏ೷ԋޑ፾ᔈکၮ୏߄౜ޑቹៜǴ٬௲ግکၮ୏ᒧЋૈჹܭ HIITԖ׳ుΕޑΑှǴ٠уаᔈҔǴᙖԜගϲঁᡏيᡏ፾ૈϐૈΚǶ

ມǵՖᒏଯமࡋ໔ྂ૽ግ

໔ྂ૽ግݤࢂӧ΋ԛ૽ግፐύǴע૽ግໆϩԋऩυಔჴࡼޑ΋ᅿБݤǴӧ؂λಔϐ໔у ΕҶ৲Ǵ܌௦ҔޑࢂόֹӄҶ৲Ǵջࢂၮ୏঩ӧ΋ԛ૽ግϐࡕǴ҂ࡑᡏૈֹӄࡠൺҥջ຾Չ Π΋ԛ૽ግȐPowera & Howley, 2001ȑǴځ૽ግԋਏх֖Αૈׯ๓Јޤ፾ૈǵගϲೲࡋϷೲऐ Κǵቚуિެޑжᖴ౗ǵ෧ϿԼԺໆޑࢬѨϷཱུڀ࣪ਔфਏȐ݅҅தǴ2002ǹ೚ᐋసǴ2001ȑǶ ճҔख़ፄޑଯமࡋ૽ግǴམଛཱུอޑҶ৲ਔ໔ᆀࣁȨଯமࡋ໔ྂ૽ግȐHIITȑȩǴ૽ግமࡋௗ

߈ឪ਼ঢ়ॶȐӵǺ90%VΘ

O2peakȑȐGibala & McGee, 2008ȑǵຬၸค਼⸣ॶ܈ޣࢂ”૰ᆃ”Ȑall outȑ ޑၮ୏மࡋǹԜѦǴΨૈ೸ၸၮ୏঩ޑനεЈၢ౗܈ന٫ၮ୏ԋᕮٰ଺ၮ୏ॄ಻ޑղᘐǴਥ Ᏽόӕޑ૽ግமࡋǴ؂ԛჴࡼ൳ࣾដԿ൳ϩដޑ૽ግǴམଛ७ኧޑҶ৲ਔ໔܈ޣࢂեமࡋޑ

୏ᄊࡠൺҶ৲БԄǴၲډ૽ግਏ݀Ƕ

HIIT೯தࢂճҔဌ፯ً܈ࢂາ؁ࠠᄊ຾Չ૽ግǴቚуମᓝԼಒझϣޑಈጕᡏኧໆϷග ϲԖ਼ૈΚǶԖձܭԼΚ૽ግǴ܌๱ख़ޑࢂᛈว܄ޑߔΚ૽ግǴЬाࢂᇨวԼԺᠼᆢޑޥεǴ

຾ԶቚуମᓝԼ፦ໆගϲၮ୏ૈΚǴΒᅿ૽ግБݤࢂԖ܌όӕޑǴଯமࡋ໔ྂ૽ግࣴزǴ܌

٬Ҕޑ૽ግБԄࢂȨྕᇂ੝ȐwingateȑෳᡍȩǴӧဌ፯ً΢຾Չ 30 ࣾޑ૰ᆃၮ୏མଛ 4 ϩដ ޑҶ৲Ǵᕴ୺Չਔ໔ऊ 2~3 ϩដǴа؂ຼ૽ግ 3 ԛ࡭ុ 2~6 ຼޑ૽ግȐBurgomaster ฻, 2005, 2007; Fan, 2004ȑǴԜᅿ૽ግБԄ؂ԛჴࡼޑ૽ግໆࢂߚதեޑǴ੃઻ޑૈໆ໻ऊࣁ 300 kJǴ ՠࢂ૽ግமࡋࠅࢂߚதεޑǴӢԜ೭ኬޑ૽ግБԄࢂߚதᐱ੝ޑȐӵ߄΋ȑǶ

߄΋ ଯமࡋፂڈ૽ግᆶ໺಍ԄऐΚ૽ግޑ૽ግϣ৒Кၨ

ୖኧ ଯமࡋፂڈ૽ግಔ ໺಍ԄऐΚ૽ግಔ

૽ግϣ৒ 30ࣾ×4~6 ϸᙟԛኧǴ4.5 ϩ ដҶ৲Ȑ؂ຼ 3 ԛȑ

40~60ϩដޑ፯ً૽ግ Ȑ؂ຼ 5 ԛȑ

૽ግமࡋ “૰ᆃ”നεૈΚ

Ȑ~500Wȑ

65%VΘ O2peak

Ȑ~150Wȑ

؂ຼ૽ግਔ໔ ~10ϩដ

Ȑх֖Ҷ৲ਔ໔ࣁ 1.5 λਔȑ ~4.5λਔ

؂ຼ૽ግໆ ~225kJ ~2250kJ

(Burgomaster฻, 2007)

ୖǵଯமࡋ໔ྂ૽ግჹғ౛፾ᔈޑቹៜ

жᖴౢނޑ୴ᑈȐ٢ለǵణᚆηǵ਽کคᐒᕗϯނȑǵૈໆޑ઻ᅰȐATPǵPCr کطᗐȑϷ ԼԺᚆηፓ࿯ڙཞȐK⁺ǵNa²⁺ǵCa²⁺ ȑȐMcClaren ฻, 1989; McKenna, 1992ȑǴࢂᏤठيᡏੲ മԶफ़եၮ୏߄౜ޑΟঁЬाӢનǶځύжᖴౢނޑ୴ᑈࢂᏤठੲമޑനεচӢǴ྽ᗐᜪӧ ค਼ޑ௃ݩΠ຾ՉᗐሇှǴനಖౢނࣁ٢ለǴԶᡏϣ٢ለޑғԋໆεܭ௨ନໆ൩཮೷ԋ٢ለ ޑזೲ୴ᑈǴ຾Զڈᐟઓ࿶೷ԋੵภکੲമགǴ܌а೸ၸ HIIT ޑόᘐڈᐟǴيᡏჹܭ٢ለޑ

୴ᑈ཮ౢғ፾ᔈǴගϲيᡏჹ٢ለޑ጗ፂϷऐ٢ለޑૈΚǴૈᡉ๱फ़եӧڰۓॄ಻ၮ୏Πޑ

Ո٢ለᐚࡋȐBurgomaster ฻, 2007; Edge ฻, 2005; Marles, 2008ȑǴᆢ࡭ԼԺ҅தԏᕭޑૈΚǶ ᗨฅࣴزᡉҢǴ࿶ၸϖ~Ζຼޑ HIIT ૈᡉ๱ගϲനεឪ਼ໆȐVΘ

O2maxȑȐBarnett, 2004; Edge

฻, 2005; Helgerud ฻, 2007ȑՠ Burgomaster ฻Ȑ2005ȑჴࡼΒຼྕᇂ੝ፂڈ໔ྂ૽ግࡕǴ่

݀ᡉҢӧ VΘ

O_2peakؒԖᡉ๱ቚуޑ௃ݩΠǴHIIT ࠅૈᡉ๱ۯ጗ၮ୏Կ૰ᆃޑਔ໔ǶMarlesȐ2008ȑ

ΨࡰрǴ೸ၸ؂ຼ 3 ԛӅϤຼޑ HIITȐ120% VΘ

O_2maxȑǴ૽ግ߻ǵࡕ VΘ

O_2max٠ؒԖᡉ๱ޑৡ౦Ǵ ՠӧനε୏ΚޑᒡрǴӧ૽ግࡕࠅᡉ๱ଯܭ૽ግ߻Ƕ೭ࢂ΋ᅿॶளݙཀޑ౜ຝǴHIIT ჹܭ ΘV

O_2maxࢂցԖගϲ՟ЯᗋόዴۓǴ܈೚ࢂӢࣁ૽ግຼኧόӕ܌೷ԋޑ่݀ǴՠךॺёаΑှ

೸ၸ HIIT ࡕǴ٠ό΋ۓሡा࿶ၸឪ਼ໆޑගϲǴ൩ૈ࿶җၮ୏૽ግόᘐڈᐟǴ٬ளيᡏౢғ Α፾ᔈǴၲډගϲၮ୏߄౜ޑਏ݀Ƕ

ќѦǴSmith ฻ΓȐ2009ȑࡰрǴ΋૓ޑεᏢت܄࿶ၸϤຼޑ HIITȐ90~115% VΘ

O2peakȑ ӧԼႝკޑੲമ⸣ॶȐelectromyographic fatigue thresholdȑ࣬ჹܭ௓ڋಔԖᡉ๱ޑගϲਏ݀Ǵ ԶЪӧႝՏࢲ܄ޑਏ౗Ȑefficiency of electrical activityȑΨᡉ๱ޑफ़եǶՖ҅ঢ়ǵ׵ЎדᆶЦ ᒭ൏Ȑ2008ȑࣴزว౜Ǵ࿶ၸΒຼޑ HIITȐ120~140%٢ለ⸣ॶೲࡋȑǴت܄ᝣౚ঩ӧԖ਼⸣

ॶکค਼⸣ॶޑೲࡋϩձᡉ๱ගϲΑ 18.2%Ϸ 9.7%ǶBuchheit ฻Ȑ2008ȑࣴزᡉҢǴ࿶ၸΐ

ຼ HIITǴ90~95%໔ྂᡏ፾ૈෳᡍȐ90~95% intermitent fitness testȑ૽ግޑߙϿԃЋౚᒧЋǴ ӧש߇າǵϸӛၢȐcountermovement jumpȑԋᕮϷԖ਼ૈΚԖᡉ๱ޑගϲǹ΢ॊࣴزࣣ᛾ჴ

࿶ၸ HIIT ϐࡕǴό໻ёаۯ጗૰ᆃਔ໔ϷੲമǵගϲԖ਼ऐΚǴᗋёаගϲঁᡏޑೲऐΚǹ ԜѦǴЈၢ౗ࢂ૽ግύനதҔٰຑ՗૽ግރݩ܈ԋਏޑғ౛ࡰ኱Ǵ೸ၸ HIIT ϐࡕёаԖਏޑ फ़եӧڰۓॄ಻ၮ୏ΠޑЈၢ౗ȐBuchheit, 2007; Marles, 2008ȑǴᡉҢ࿶ၸ HIIT ૽ግࡕǴӧ

࣬ӕޑၮ୏மࡋΠǴ൩ૈаКၨϿޑЈၢ౗ᔈб܌ሡၮ୏ॄ಻Ƕ

೸ၸ HIIT ޑڈᐟዴჴёа٬يᡏၲډ፾ᔈޑ௃׎Ǵ຾Զගϲၮ୏߄౜Ϸ෧጗٢ለޑ୴ᑈ

ၲډ׭ڋੲമޑਏ݀Ƕՠ MarlesȐ2008ȑΨࡰрǴύᘐ૽ግаࡕനε୏ΚᒡрǵЈၢ౗کՈ ٢ለᐚࡋǴ཮Ԗӣൺډ૽ግ߻ޑ୷ྗॶ౜ຝǴӢԜჴሞᔈҔਔΏሡΑှԜᅿ૽ግޑё଍܄

ȐreversibilityȑǶ

စǵଯமࡋ໔ྂ૽ግჹૈໆжᖴޑቹៜ

HIITჹԼԺжᖴޑനεշ੻ǴವၸܭගϲિެޑճҔ౗ǴቚуԼԺϣޑಈጕᡏኧໆϷ༾

ՈᆅஏࡋǴቚ຾Լᠼᆢ਼ϯᗐᜪϷિެޑૈΚǴගϲՈዀෞᚆિެለȐfree fatty acidsȑޑճ ҔǴ࿯ऊطᗐޑ੃઻Ƕ೚ӭࢲᡏჴᡍᡉҢଯமࡋ”૰ᆃ”܈ޣࢂፂڈࠠޑ໔ྂ૽ግፐǴКଆ ET

׳ૈᇨวମᓝԼޑૈໆжᖴȐGibala ฻, 2006; Henriksson & Reitman, 1976; Saltin ฻, 1976ȑǴ Βຼޑ૰ᆃ܄ HIIT ว౜ǴૈගϲମᓝԼޑဟ๻ᑗ਼ϯૈΚǴх֖ΑӧҶ৲Ϸၮ୏ύޑဟ๻ᑗ ᐚࡋϲଯȐBurgomaster, Heigenhauser & Gibala, 2006ȑǴϷफ़եӧၮ୏ύޑဟ๻ᑗճҔǴቚу Αဟ๻ᑗᙯၮᡏȐGLUT-4ȑӧମᓝԼޑ֖ໆȐBurgomaster ฻, 2007ȑǴቚ຾ӼᓉਔମᓝԼޑ طᗐӸᓯໆǶ৪ݒሹǵ׵ЎדǵՖ҅ঢ়ᆶᛥϘᗱȐ2009ȑޑࣴزǴКၨΒຼӅ 7 ԛޑଯமࡋ Ȑ120~ 140%ค਼⸣ॶೲࡋȑϷύமࡋ໔ྂ૽ግȐԖ਼Ϸค਼⸣ॶϐ໔ȑࡕว౜ǴHIIT คݤ ׯ๓αܺဟ๻ᑗऐڙࡋȐoral glucose tolerance testȑǴΨό཮ቚ຾ဟ๻ᑗޑжᖴૈΚǴচӢё

ૈࢂǴHIIT ܌٬Ҕޑૈໆжᖴࢂ ATP- PC ૈໆس಍Ǵӧ໔ྂҶ৲ਔߡё٬ᕗለԼለࡠൺǴவ

Զफ़եԼԺಒझჹဟ๻ᑗޑሡ؃ǴӢԜӧΒຼޑ૽ግࡕǴჹܭဟ๻ᑗޑжᖴคᡉ๱ቹៜǴऩ ஒ૽ግਔ໔ۯߏǴ૽ግਏᔈ٬يᡏ፾ᔈ૽ግࡕǴԖёૈჹဟ๻ᑗжᖴԖ҅य़ޑቹៜǶՖ҅ঢ়ǵ

׵ЎדᆶЦᒭ൏Ȑ2008ȑКၨΒຼޑ HIIT Ϸೲࡋᡂඤ࡭ុາόӕޑ૽ግБԄǴᡉҢǴATP-PC

ૈໆ٠ؒԖᡉ๱ޑቚ຾Ǵӕኬޑ Burgomaster ฻Ȑ2007ȑΨว౜Ǵ࿶ၸϤຼޑ HIIT ࡕǴа 65%

ΘV

O2peakޑೲࡋ࡭ុາ 60 ϩដǴମᓝԼޑ ATP ӧӼᓉਔϷෳᡍࡕᡉ๱եܭ૽ግ߻ޑෳໆॶǴ

٠ؒԖቚ຾ޑਏ݀Ǵ೷ԋޑচӢёૈࢂߏය૽ግᓸΚϷଯமࡋෳໆᡍॄ಻܌೷ԋޑ่݀Ƕ ΓᡏޑૈໆжᖴሇનӧૈໆޑжᖴၸำύǴתᄽ΋ঁख़ाޑفՅǴх֖ᗐᜪ਼ϯύޑᘗ ᘔለӝԋ䁙Ȑcitrate synthase, CSȑϷЧ✉ለಥణ䁙Ȑpyruvate dehydroge -nase, PDHȑٿޣ೿

ឦܭज़ೲ䁙ǴӧԖ਼жᖴޑૈໆፓ௓תᄽख़ाޑفՅǹિެ ȕ-਼ϯၸำύޑ”ӆಥణ”໘ࢤǴ ሡा 3-♏ㄽ୷ᇶ䁙 A ಥణ䁙Ȑ3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, ȕ-HADȑޑ໽ϯǴωૈ຾Չ ಥణբҔǹӢԜǴ྽жᖴሇનޑࢲ܄܈ኧໆຫεਔǴջж߄ૈౢғޑૈໆ൩ຫӭǴаߡගٮ ၮ୏ਔ܌ሡޑૈໆǶࣴزࡰр 15~30 ࣾޑଯமࡋޑፂڈ܄໔ྂ૽ግȐ૰ᆃȑૈԖਏޑගϲ CS ࢲ܄ȐMacDougall ฻, 1998; Parra ฻, 2000; Rodas ฻, 2000ȑǴBurgomaster ฻Ȑ2005ȑΨԖ࣬

ӕޑࣴز่݀Ǵ࿶ၸΒຼӅ 6 ԛޑ HIIT ૈᡉ๱ගϲମᓝԼύޑᘗᘔለӝԋ䁙നεࢲ܄Ȑკ ΒȑǶ࿶ၸΒຼޑ૽ግว౜ǴКၨଯமࡋޑፂڈ܄໔ྂ૽ግϷ ETǴӧӼᓉਔಒझՅન C ਼ϯ 䁙നεࢲ܄Ȑmaximal activity of cytochrome c oxidase, COXȑǴٿޣӧ૽ግࡕ೿Ԗ࣬ӕޑׯ๓

่݀ȐGibala ฻, 2006ȑǴૈගϲମᓝԼޑԖ਼жᖴૈΚǶ

კΒ ૽ግ߻ǵࡕӼᓉਔǴᘗᘔለӝԋ䁙ȐCSȑനεࢲ܄ᕴ֖ໆޑКၨǶȐ*pɦ.05ȑ Burgomaster฻Ȑ2007ȑࡰрǴ؂ຼ 3 ԛ࡭ុϤຼޑ HIITȐ૰ᆃȑϷ ET ೿ૈᡉ๱Ӧቚу ԼԺύЧ✉ለಥణ䁙Ϸ ȕ-HAD ޑനεࢲ܄ȐკΟȑǴӕਔ෧Ͽၮ୏ਔჹطᑗϷᕗለԼለޑճ ҔǴߦ٬ᡏϣિެ਼ϯжᖴКٯቚуǴගϲՈనύෞᚆિެለޑճҔ౗Ǵ෧Ͽᗐᜪޑ਼ϯж ᖴǶԶ Talanian ฻Ȑ2007ȑޑࣴز׳᛾ჴǴຬၸΒຼޑ HIIT ཮ቚу ȕ-HAD کಒझጢޑિެ

ለ่ӝೈқȐfatty acid binding proteinȑޑനεࢲ܄ǹHIIT ک ET Ԗ࣬ӕޑਏ݀ǴԶ HIIT ޑ૽

ግਔ໔ѝሡाΟϩϐ΋ޑ૽ግਔ໔Ȑϩࣁ 1.5 Ϸ 4.5 λਔ/week^í1ȑǴ૽ግໆ׳ѝाΜϩϐ΋

Ȑ~225 Ϸ ~2250 kJ/ week^í1ȑȐBurgomaster ฻, 2007ȑǴ൩૽ግޑਔ໔Ϸ૽ግໆԶقǴHIIT К ETԖКၨӳޑȨਔ໔ਏ੻ȩǶᗨฅԖ٤ࣴزǴޔௗКၨ໔ྂ૽ግک࡭ុၮ୏૽ግჹମᓝԼж ᖴ፾ᔈޑ௃׎Ǵځࣴز่݀٠ό΋ठǴՠӧၮ୏߄౜΢ࠅ೿Ԗ࣬՟ගϲޑਏ݀ȐEdge ฻, 2006;

Fournier฻, 1982; Gorostiaga ฻, 1991; Henriksson & Reitma, 1976ȑǶ

ᗐᜪжᖴᆶ AMP ࢲϯೈқᐟ䁙ȐAMP-activated protein kinase, AMPKȑૻ৲໺ሀᜢ߯ஏ ϪǴAMPK ࢂಒझૈໆރݩޑགᔈޣǴёፓ௓ಒझжᖴϐၮբǴ྽ᡏϣ AMP/ATP Кॶϲଯ ਔǴAMPK ޑࢲ܄࣬ჹϲଯǴ׭ڋೈқ፦ǵિެϷطᗐޑӝԋፓ࿯ૈໆ੃઻Ǵቚமဟ๻ᑗଌ ၮǵિެለϷᗐᜪޑ਼ϯжᖴǹߏයၮ୏૽ግૈख़ፄࢲϯ AMPK ૻ৲س಍Ǵ຾Զፓ࿯ᙯᒵӢ ηޑ߄౜ǴЇଆԼԺಈጕᡏቚғǵGLUT-4 ೈқӝԋϷගଯطᗐᓯӸໆǴ٬༾ՈᆅቚғᆶԼ Ժࠠᄊᙯᡂ฻፾ᔈਏᔈȐᄃℱֻǵഋऍ݄ǵഋኀᖃᆶ೾ৎ㔘Ǵ2006ȑǴଯமࡋޑ૽ግ཮ቚ຾

ԼԺ AMPK ޑࢲ܄Ǵ૽ግਏᔈ٬يᡏ፾ᔈ૽ግࡕǴёૈჹဟ๻ᑗжᖴԖ҅य़ޑቹៜȐՖ҅ঢ়

฻Ǵ2008ȑǶҗ΢ॊёޕǴHIIT ཮ቚ຾ԼԺ AMPK ࢲ܄ගϲମᓝԼ਼ϯሇનϷቚ຾Ԗ਼ૈΚǴ ᗨฅǴHIIT ჹମᓝԼቹៜޑ੿҅ϸᔈᐒڋᗋࢂόమཱޑǴՠ࿶ၸ HIIT ࡕૈቚ຾ᗐᜪϷિެ

ޑ਼ϯжᖴǴ٠ቚ຾ՈనύෞᚆિެለޑճҔ౗Ǵၲډ࿯࣪ᗐᜪ੃઻ޑբҔǶ

კΟ ؂ಔΓኧ=10 ΓǶHIIT ک ET ମᓝԼޑЧ✉ለಥణ䁙ȐPDHǹAȑک 3 ♏ㄽ୷ᇶ䁙 Aಥణ䁙Ȑȕ-HADǹBȑ നεࢲ܄КၨǶȐ^*P<.05ȑǶ

Ҵǵଯமࡋ໔ྂ૽ግޑᔈҔ

ӧࣽᏢϯޑ૽ግύǴϤɴΜຼޑၮ୏૽ግૈၲډ૽ግ܌Ⴃයޑԋਏ(ࡼలী฻Ǵ2003ǹ໳

ᏦដǴ2002ǹFranch ฻, 1998; Krzeminski ฻, 1991)Ǵόӕ૽ግமࡋϷຼයǴ཮ౢғόӕޑғ ϯ፾ᔈϷၮ୏߄౜Ƕගϲၮ୏঩ޑ VO2max ࢂቹៜऐΚၮ୏߄౜ޑᜢᗖǴԖᜢ HIIT ޑࣴز ᡉҢǴҗܭ૽ግຼයၨอǴঁᡏޑ VO2max ՟Яࢂό཮Ԗᡉ๱ޑׯᡂǴՠ HIIT ࠅૈӧอਔ ໔ϣǴ೸ၸيᡏ΢ޑ፾ᔈ෧጗ԼԺޑੲമǴගϲঁᡏޑԖ਼ૈΚၲډቚ຾ၮ୏߄౜ޑਏ݀ȐՖ

҅ঢ়฻Ǵ2008ǹBurgomaster, 2006; Gibala ฻, 2008; Lamberts ฻, 2008ȑǹԶӧ૽ግຼයКၨߏ ޑࣴزύᡉҢǴ૽ግޑБԄӚԖόӕǴՠӧғ౛΢ޑӚБय़ϸᔈǴ൳ЯၲډکऐΚ૽ግ΋ኬ ޑਏ݀Ǵ٠Ъૈቚ຾ VO2maxǵගϲԖ਼жᖴϷۯߏ૰ᆃਔ໔฻ޑၮ୏߄౜ȐBarnett, 2004;

Buchheit฻, 2008; Burgomaster ฻, 2007; Edge ฻, 2005; Helgerud ฻, 2007; Marles ฻, 2008ȑǶ ׯ๓ VO2max ޑ໔ྂ૽ግǴଯமࡋКեமࡋޑ໔ྂ૽ግ׳ڀਏ݀ȐFox, 1973ȑǴԶගϲ ၮ୏঩ VO2max ᆶ٢ለ⸣ॶޑၨ٫БԄǴࢂၮ୏மࡋ೛ۓӧ 80%~90%ޑ VO2maxǴ܈ޣமࡋ

฻ܭ܈ౣଯค਼⸣ॶǴૈౢғനεԖ਼ૈΚޑׯ๓ȐPriest, 1987ȑǴHIIT ޑ૽ግமࡋ൩ࢂаค

਼⸣ॶࣁ୷ྗᗺǴ྽Ոన٢ለᐚࡋຬၸ 4mmol/l Γᡏคݤ௨ନၸӭޑ٢ለǴ٢ለ൩཮ӧΓᡏ

ϣזೲޑಕᑈǴ೷ԋԼԺੲമቹៜၮ୏߄౜Ǵࣴزว౜Ǵ྽૽ግமࡋຫଯȐӵǺ૰ᆃȑჹܭ يᡏ፾ᔈޑਏ݀՟ЯԖ٣ъф७ޑਏ݀ȐBurgomaster, 2006, 2007; Brneatt, 2004; Gibala ฻, 2008ȑǶӧ૽ግਔ໔Бय़ǴO’BrienȐ2008ȑޑࣴزࡌ᝼Ǵ࡭ុ 2 ϩដ VO2peak ޑ໔ྂ૽ግǴ К 1 ϩដ VO2peak ໔ྂ૽ግϷ 20 ϩដ 75%VO2peak ࡭ុາૈԖ׳ӳޑ૽ግਏ݀ǴӕኬޑǴ Smith฻Ȑ2009ȑޑࣴزΨᡉҢǴჴࡼ࡭ុ 2 ϩដޑ HIITȐ90~ 115% VO2peakȑޑ૽ግፐǴ ёаׯ๓ԼԺઓ࿶ੲമ⸣ॶǴۯߏ૰ᆃޑਔ໔ǶHIIT ޑ૽ግБݤ೿ࢂ೸ၸဌ፯ًෳфሺ܈ޣ າ؁ᐒٰ຾Չ૽ግǴЬाࢂӢࣁБߡ຾ՉෳໆϷᅱ௓ǴՠΨԖ٤ࣴزࢂа಄ӝ၀໨Ҟޑၮ୏

੝ਸ܄຾Չ૽ግǴӵᡂೲາǵፂڈາϷש߇າ฻ǴҞޑ೿ࢂӧගϲ૽ግࡕޑၮ୏߄౜Ƕ LambȐ1995ȑࡰрǴ૽ግ঩ௗڙ HIIT ೭ᅿ૽ግБݤਔǴѸ໪ڀഢ୲ჴޑԖ਼૽ግ୷ᘵ ᆶԼԺ፾ૈϐࡕωૈჴࡼǴᗉխ૽ግமࡋၸε೷ԋၸࡋ૽ግޑ௃׎วғǴቹៜ૽ግԋਏǶ܌

аǴόᆅࢂၮ୏঩܈΋૓ဂ౲Ǵѝा૽ግ঩Ԗ΋ۓޑᡏ፾ૈНྗа΢ޑచҹΠǴ൩ૈჴࡼ

HIITǶHIIT ϟΕޑ૽ግਔයǴᔈ၀ӧྗഢයޑࡕъࢤௗ߈Кᖻයޑਔং຾ՉǴ྽૽ግຼයຫ

ٰຫௗ߈КᖻයਔǴ૽ግኳԄ཮җȨமࡋե૽ግໆଯȩᅌᅌᙯඤԋȨமࡋଯ૽ግໆեȩޑኳ ԄǴԜਔයǴঁᡏޑᡏ፾ૈΨ೴ᅌᎦԋǴ຾Չ HIIT ҅ૈ಄ӝௗ߈Кᖻයޑ૽ግኳԄȐமࡋଯ

૽ግໆեȑǹ࿶ຑፕ΋٤Ў᝘ࡕ HIIT ޑ૽ግӢનӵΠǺ

΋ǵ૽ግமࡋ

Ԗਏޑᅱ௓૽ግமࡋࢂ૽ግύനख़ाޑᜢᗖǴғ౛ϸᔈύനத྽բ૽ግᅱෳπڀǴх֖

ΑЈၢ౗ǵឪ਼ໆǵค਼⸣ॶǶHIITޑ૽ግமࡋѸ໪ଯܭค਼⸣ॶǴᙯඤԋЈၢ౗ऊ85%HRmax

а΢ȐHelgerud฻, 2007ȑǴ߄ΒϟಏΑѤᅿό΋ኬޑ૽ግமࡋޑ૽ግБԄǴ௲ግёа٩ྣό ӕᏹ௓ޑ૽ግᡂ໨Ǵගϲ૽ግࡕޑၮ୏߄౜Ƕ૽ግਔǴ௲ግӵሡຑۓၮ୏঩ࢂցၲډ૽ግம ࡋǴനࣁჴሞޑБݤǴࢂаѳ֡ޑၮ୏߄౜ਔ໔ࣁЬǵЈၢ౗ࣁᇶǴӢࣁਔ໔ࢂന৒ܰໆϯ ຑۓޑୖԵॶǴԶЈၢ౗ࢂ૽ግਔന৒ܰෳளޑғ౛ϸᔈኧᏵǴ܌аǴаѳ֡ਔ໔଺ࣁ૽ግ

ୖԵޑ٩ᏵǴӆа؂ϩដϐനεॄ಻Јၢ౗ǴᔠۓѳਔᒧЋޑ૽ግࢂցόى܈ຬໆǴዴᇡၮ

୏঩Ԗคၲډ૽ግԋਏ܈ޣၸࡋ૽ግǴ௲ግёаӆຎჴሞ௃ރ຾Չঅ҅Ƕ ߄Β όӕଯமࡋ໔ྂ૽ግޑ૽ግமࡋ

ᏹ௓໨Ҟ ૽ግኳԄ ԛኧ໔Ҷ৲

Јၢ౗

(Helgerud฻, 2007) 4ϩដ90~95%HRmaxǴ4ԛޑϸᙟԛኧǶ 3ϩដ 70% HRmax୏ ᄊҶ৲

ឪ਼ໆ ȐBuchheit; Marles฻;

O’Brien, 2008ȑ

2ϩដ90~120%നεឪ਼ໆǴ6~10ԛޑ

ϸᙟԛኧǶ 1ϩដ

ค਼⸣ॶ ȐՖ҅ঢ়฻Ǵ2008ǹ

Edge฻, 2005ȑ

2ϩដ100~140%ค਼⸣ॶǴ6~10ԛޑ

ϸᙟԛኧǶ 1ϩដ

૰ᆃ܄

ȐBurgomaster,2007; Barnett, 2004; Gibala฻, 2008)

30ࣾྕᇂ੝ค਼୏Κ૽ግǴ4~6ԛޑϸ

ᙟԛኧǶ 4ϩដ

ΒǵࡠൺҶ৲

όӕޑૈໆس಍ޑࡠൺԖόӕޑࡠൺਔ໔ǴѸ໪ᆒዴޑඓඝǴ྽Ҷ৲ਔ໔όىਔǴ༈Ѹ

཮εεޑቹៜ૽ግԋਏǴӢԜ௲ግёа೸ၸҶ৲ਔ໔ϷࡠൺЈၢ౗྽բࡠൺҶ৲ޑୖԵࡰ኱Ǻ Ȑ΋ȑҶ৲ਔ໔Ǻ

ၮ୏ਔ໔ᆶҶ৲ਔ໔ӝଆٰᆀࣁ—ၮ୏Ҷ৲КȐ߄ΟȑǴӵ1Ǻ3ջ߄ҢҶ৲ਔ໔ࣁ ၮ୏ਔ໔ޑ3७Ǵ྽ၮ୏மࡋຫமǴ࣬ჹޑҶ৲ਔ໔൩ຫߏǶ

߄Ο ໔ྂ૽ግၮ୏மࡋᆶҶ৲ਔ໔К

ၮ୏மࡋ ၮ୏ਔ໔ Ҷ৲ਔ໔ Ҷ৲К

ଯமࡋ 1 3 1Ǻ3~6

ύமࡋ 1 2 1Ǻ2

եமࡋ 1 1܈1/2 1Ǻ1/2~1

(݅҅தǴ2002) Кၨ߄Βک߄Οޑၮ୏Ҷ৲Кૈว౜ᅿ΋੝ਸޑ౜ຝǴ΋૓ᇡࣁၮ୏மࡋຫଯਔǴ

࣬ჹҶ৲ޑКॶ൩Ѹ໪ຫεǴԶӧHIITࣴزЎ᝘Ǵ٬Ҕޑၮ୏Ҷ৲Кᆶ௲ࣽਜ܌ࡌ᝼ޑ 1Ǻ3~6ၮ୏Ҷ৲К٠ؒԖ࣬಄ӝǴЎύ٠ؒԖ੝ձᇥܴԜচӢǴӢԜǴอ໔ྂਔ໔Ψ׎

ԋHIITନΑ૽ግமࡋаѦޑќ΋ঁ૽ግ੝܄ǹၨอޑҶ৲ਔ໔ࢂց཮Ԗၨӳޑ૽ግਏ

݀ǻΨ೚ᗋ໪ుΕޑࣴز௖૸ǴՠΨගٮ௲ግӧᔕۓ૽ግीฝਔޑќ΋ঁୖԵБӛǴၮ ҔᕭอҶ৲ਔ໔БԄǴၲډ׳٫ޑ૽ግԋਏǶ

ȐΒȑЈၢ౗Ǻ

аၮ୏ࡕЈၢኧफ़Կ150ԛ/ϩаΠࣁ୷ྗȐ߄ѤȑǴ྽Јၢ౗եܭ70%നεЈၢ౗

ਔǴيᡏᐒૈૈԖਏޑံᓭၮ୏ύ܌੃઻ޑૈྍǴӢԜǴࡠൺډԜЈၢ౗Ǵջё຾Չ Π΋ԛޑ૽ግǴԶಔ໔ࡠൺਔ໔ၨߏǴࡺЈၢ౗ёफ़Կ125ԛ/ϩаΠӆ຾Չќ΋ಔϐ

૽ግǶ

ഌǵ่ᇟ

೸ၸ໔ྂ૽ግёаቚуΑಈጕᡏኧໆϷ༾ՈᆅஏࡋǴගϲΑԖ਼ૈΚǶHIIT೸ၸอයޑ

૽ግၲډيᡏޑ፾ᔈǴගϲମᓝԼޑ਼ϯૈΚǵ጗ፂణᚆηϷ௨ନжᖴౢނǴ຾Զቚ຾ၮ୏

߄౜ǹჹܭᘗᘔለӝԋ䁙ǵЧ✉ለಥణ䁙کȕ-HAD฻ૈໆжᖴޑሇનࢲ܄ϷኧໆԖቚуޑф ߄Ѥ ໔ྂၮ୏Ҷ৲යޑҞ኱Јၢ౗

Јၢ౗ ԛ/ϩ

ԃស ԛኧ໔ ಔ໔

20аΠ 150 125

20~29 140 120 30~39 130 110 40~49 120 105 50~59 115 100

(݅҅தǴ2002)

ਏǴૈගٮ׳ӭޑૈໆуа٬ҔǶHIITӧᕴ૽ግໆϷਔ໔࣬ჹեܭETǴᏱԖၨӳޑਔ໔ਏ੻Ǵ ೭܈೚ёගٮ๏૽ግਔ໔Кၨόкျޑၮ୏঩Ǵќ΋໨ޑ૽ግኳԄǶ

ᓬذޑऐΚၮ୏঩Ǵૈᡏ཮HIITӧ૽ግፐύ܌՞ޑفՅǴΑှHIITࢂࡐӳޑ૽ግБԄǴ ՠ௲ግ঩Ӽ௨૽ግਔǴѸ໪Αှຬၩǵ੝ਸ܄Ϸё଍܄೭Οঁ૽ግচ߾ǴᗉխᒧЋӢࣁၸࡋ

૽ግ೷ԋϸਏ݀Ǵ׎ԋၸࡋੲമ܈໾্ǶࣴزޑЎ᝘ύǴε೿ࢂаԖೕࡓၮ୏ޣ܈ࢂၮ୏঩

ࣁࣴزჹຝǴ܌аǴ΋૓଼நޑဂ౲Ǵӵሡ຾ՉHIITǴѸ໪ӃᑽໆҁيޑᡏૈރݩǴനӳᗋ

ࢂவКၨύեமࡋޑ໔ྂ૽ግ໒ۈ๱ЋǴаൻׇᅌ຾ޑБԄ຾ՉǴόࡌ᝼ӧ૽ግ߃යଭ΢ჴ

ࡼHIITǴаխ೷ԋॄय़ਏ݀ޑ௃׎วғǶ

ୖԵၗ਑

݅҅தȐ2002ȑǶၮ୏ᆶࣽᏢ૽ግǶѠчѱǺሌңЎϯ٣཰ϦљрހԖज़ϦљǶ

׵ࡕࡹǵ೚דᝬᆶֈᏢ߷Ȑ2005ȑǶ໔ྂ૽ግޑ౛ፕᆶჴሞၮҔǺаີৼၰࣁٯǶၮ୏௲ግࣽ

ᏢǴ5Ǵ35~51।Ƕ

Ֆ҅ঢ়ǵ׵ЎדᆶЦᒭ൏Ȑ2008ȑǶٿຼόӕࠠᄊາ؁૽ግჹԖ਼Ϸค਼ऐΚϐቹៜǶၮ୏ғ

౛ᄤᡏૈᏢൔǴ8Ǵ81~89 ।Ƕ

৪ݒሹǵ׵ЎדǵՖ҅ঢ়ᆶᛥϘᗱȐ2009ȑǶΒຼόӕமࡋ૽ግჹжᖴ፾ૈϷԾࡓઓ࿶س಍ϐ ቹៜǶε஑ᡏػᏢтǴ11Ȑ1ȑǴ105~116 ।Ƕ

Abbie E. Smith, Jordan R. Moon, Kristina L. Kendall, Jennifer L. Graef, Christopher M. Lockwood, A shley A, Walter, Travis W, Beck, Joel T, Cramer, Jeffrey R. & Stout. (2009). The effects of beta-alanine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on neuromuscular fatigue and muscle function. Journal of Applied Physiology, 105, 357~363.

A. Marles. R, Legrand. N, Blondel. P, Mucci. D, Betbeder & F. Prieur.(2008). Effect of

high-intensity interval training and detraining on extra VO2 and on the VO2 slow component.

European journal of applied physiology, 99, 663~640.

Brendan J. O’Brien, Jim Wibskov, Wade L. Knez, Carl D. Paton & Jack T. Harvey (2008). The effects of interval—exercise duration and intensity on oxygen consumption during treadmill running. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 11, 287~290.

Kirsten A. Burgomaster, Scott C. Hughes, George J. F. Heigenhauser, Suzanne N. Bradwell, &

Martin J. Gibala. (2005). Six sessions of sprint interval training increases muscle oxidative potential and cycle endurance capacity in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology, 104(4), 931-937.

Kirsten A. Burgomaster, George J. F. Heigenhauser, & Martin J. Gibala. (2006). Effect of short-term sprint interval training on human skeletal muscle carbohydrate metabolism during exercise and time-trial performance. Journal of Applied Physiology, 100, 2041~2047.

Kirsten A. Burgomaster, Naomi M. Cermak, Stuart M. Phillips, Carley R. Benton, Arend Bonen, &

Martin J. Gibala. (2007). Divergent response of metabolite transport proteins in human skeletal muscle after sprint interval training and detraining. American Journal of Physiology Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 292, 1970~1976.

Martin J. Gibala, & Sean L. McGee. (2008). Metabolic adaptations to short-term high-intensity interval training: A little pain for a lot of gain?. Exercise and Sport Science Reviews, 36(2), 58~63.

Martin Buchheit, Ger-Goire P. Millet, Arnaud Parisy, Samuel Pourchez, Paul B. Laursen, & Said Abimaidi. (2008). Spraranmaximal training and postexecise parasympathethetic reactivation in adolescents. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercisea, 23, 362~271.

Martin J. Gibala, Jonathan P. Little, Martin van Essen, Geoffrey P.Wilkin, Kirsten A. Burgomaster, Adeel Safdar, Sandeep Raha, & Mark A. Tarnopolsky. (2006). Short-term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations in human skeletal muscle and exercise performance. The Physiological Society, 575(3), 910~911.

Paul B. Laursen & David G. Jenkins. (2002). The scientific basis for high-intensity interval training— Optimising training programmes and maximizing performance in highly trained endurance athletes. Sports Medicine, 32(1), 53~73.

ך୯୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ว৖ᐕำϷࡹ฼ᄽᡂϐࣴز

ླྀৎቼ ୯ҥᆵ᡼ৣጄεᏢ

ᄔ ा

! ! ਥᏵך୯ၭہ཮୍ֽ݅(2005)හ݅ၗྍፓࢗ஑ਢԋ݀ࡰрǺѠ᡼ҁ৞βӦय़ᑈࣁ

3,591,500ϦഘǴځύහ݅Ӧय़ᑈࣁ 2,102,400 ϦഘǴ՞ 59ʝǶቶεޑහ݅य़ᑈсᡉΑහ݅ࡹ

฼ޑख़ा܄ǹך୯Ծ 80 ԃж໒ۈ೛࿼୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔аٰǴҞ߻ςԖ 18 ঁ୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔

ණթчύࠄܿӚӦ୔аගٮך୯҇Ҷ໕ػ኷ϐҔǴځว৖ၸำϷ࣬ᜢޑࡹ฼ᄽᡂǴᗨӚൂՏ

ࣣԖ႟ࢃޑၗ਑ǴՠલЮ᏾ӝ܄ޑЎ᝘Ƕ

! ! ҁࣴزᙖҗЎ᝘ϩ݋ݤǴ᏾౛рך୯୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ޑว৖ၸำϷࡹ฼ᄽᡂǴว౜ך୯ ޑහ݅ၯ኷୔ว৖Ϸࡹ฼ᄽᡂޑᐕำ٠คݤ٬Ҕൂ΋ԃжٰჄϩǴԶࢂ۶Ԝቹៜǵख़᠄Ҭᒱ ԶԋǴவԐයޑӭҵЕǵख़࿶ᔮǴύයޑ࿶ᔮߥػ٠ख़ޔډࡕය 80 ԃжࡕයහ݅ߥػᢀۺܩ ᓐǴӚ୯ख़ຎහ݅ғᄊ҉ុ࿶ᔼޑཷۺǴࢂ΋ঁҬᒱЪ٠ϕ࣬ቹៜޑၸำǹӢԜҁࣴزϐࣴ

ز่݀ஒך୯୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ว৖ࡌ೛ᐕำϷ࣬ᜢࡹ฼ϷᢀۺޑᄽᡂϩࣁΟঁਔයӵΠǺ

΋ǵ๱ख़݅ЕғౢਔයǶ Βǵ๱ख़೷݅ߥӼਔයǶ Οǵ๱ख़හ݅҉ុਔයǶ

! ! όӕਔයޑ݅཰ࡹ฼Ǵӧහ݅ၯ኷୔ޑۓՏΨό࣬ӕǶӧහ݅ၯ኷୔ύǴёаว౜όӕ ਔයᡉ౜හ݅ᆶΓᜪ࣬ϕ٩Ӹᜢ߯ᄽᡂǴаϷόӕਔжϐහ݅ሽॶǶӢԜǴහ݅ၯ኷୔ёຎ ࣁߥӸහ݅ሽॶᄽᡂϐਡЈᆶѦ೽৖౜හ݅ሽॶޑืαǶ

ᜢᗖຒǺǺ୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ǵࡹ฼ᄽᡂ

൘ǵࣴزङඳᆶ୏ᐒ

! ! ਥᏵך୯ၭہ཮୍ֽ݅(2005)හ݅ၗྍፓࢗ஑ਢԋ݀ࡰрǺѠ᡼ҁ৞βӦय़ᑈࣁ 3,591,500ϦഘǴځύහ݅Ӧय़ᑈࣁ 2,102,400 ϦഘǴऊ՞Ѡ᡼ӄ৞ᕴय़ᑈϐ 59ʝǶ

! ! ԜѦଭमΐᕴ಍Ψӧᝡᒧය໔ΨගрȨᆘՅ೷݅ीฝȩǴीჄӧ 8 ԃϣाӧѳӦ೷݅ 6 ࿤ ϦഘǴԜѦǴࣁԖਏճҔѳӦ೷݅ԋ݀Ǵၭہ཮ஒ௢୏೛࿼ѳӦහ݅ၯ኷୔ǴҞ߻ς᏷ۓ჏

ကܿҡϷ㔬Ⴔၭ൑ǵࡀܿ݅ࡕϷѤ݅ၭ൑ǵ޸ጪεၭϷε൤ၭ൑฻ΟೀӦᗺǴႣीஒ೛࿼՞

Ӧ 1,000 ϦഘޑεࠠѳӦහ݅ၯ኷୔Ȑᕴ಍۬Ǵ2009ȑǶ

! ! ך୯Ծ 80 ԃжѠ᡼࣪ࡹ۬ၭ݅᡺ϦթᏜ΍୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ϐಔᙃᆅ౛ᒤݤ٠ԋҥᏜ΍

୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ࡕȐЦ୯ྷǴ1999ȑǴّϞς໒ܫٮ୯Γਓၯޑහ݅ၯᏨӦᗺӅԖΒΜΒೀǴ ځύឦ୍ֽ݅܌࿶ᔼޑහ݅ၯ኷୔Ӆ 18 ঁǴᆀࣁ୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ȐՉࡹଣၭہ཮୍ֽ݅Ǵ 2009ȑǶ

! ! ᆕ΢܌ॊёޕǴѠ᡼୯βय़ᑈύහ݅य़ᑈ՞Αஒ߈ϤԋǴහ݅࣬ᜢࡹ฼ख़ा܄όقёേǴ

Ҟ߻Ψᕇளࡹ۬Ԗᜢ೽ߐଯࡋख़ຎǹך୯Ծ 80 ԃж໒ۈ೛࿼୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔аٰǴςԖ 18

ঁ୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔Ǵځว৖ၸำϷ࣬ᜢޑࡹ฼ᄽᡂǴᗨӚൂՏࣣԖ࣬ᜢၗ਑ǴՠલЮ಍ӝ܄

ޑЎ᝘ว߄Ǵҁࣴز௦ҔЎ᝘ϩ݋ݤǴᇆ໣හ݅ၯ኷୔Ϸך୯හ݅ࡹ฼࣬ᜢϐයтǵፕЎ฻

໔ௗၗ਑Ǵբࣁࣴزϐ୷ᘵǴ٠༼໣හ݅࣬ᜢϐൔᏤǵݤзೕጄǴᔠ૸ၗ਑Ƕ׆ఈ᏾ӝ୯ৎ හ݅ၯ኷୔ว৖ၸำϷ࣬ᜢޑࡹ฼ᄽᡂǴ଺р಍ӝ܄ޑ᏾౛ǴаٮࡕុࣴزୖԵǶ

හ݅ཀကϷහ݅фૈཷॊ

! ! ᏢޣഋࡿܴȐ1971ȑ߄ҢǴ܌ᒏහ݅ࢂǺȨ΋ፄᚇϐғނޗ཮Ǵහ݅ό໻хࡴ݅ЕϷ݅ӦǴ හ݅ۘхࡴ೚ӭӅӕ෷ߏǴ٩ᐋဂࣁғӸᕉნϐ΋Ϫ୏෌ނǴό໻ӵԜǴහ݅ۘхࡴځಔԋ ӢηǴϷ݅Еǵ݅ӦǴځϣ΋Ϫ୏෌ނϷғػᕉნϐ໔ϐቹៜբҔǶȩԶᏢޣ݅୯ሑȐ1993ȑ

߾ගрǺȨහ݅ၗྍࣁ΋ӆғၗྍǴԐයහ݅ၗྍ΋ӛமፓЕ׷Ǵ߈ΒΜԃٰȬӭҞ኱ճҔȭ ϐᢀۺᑫଆǴ٬හ݅ၗྍҗ੟ကޑ݅ЕǴᘉкډහ݅ϣ܌Ԗޑ୏ނǵ෌ނǵ༾ғނϷคғڮ ޑނ፦Ƕȩ

! ! ᏢޣᛥಏᡕȐ1983ȑ߄Ңහ݅ԖғౢЕ׷ǵ఼ᎦНྍǵٛЗβࣳؑᇑǵృϯޜ਻ǵගٮ ၯ኷ǵߥៈғᄊᕉნکբࣁځдβӦճҔ฻ӭᅿфૈǹᏢޣቅᏂసȐ2002ȑΨ߄Ңහ݅ࢂ΋

ঁӭኬԶፄᚇޑғᄊᡏسǴឦܭёӆғޑԾฅၗྍǴහ݅٠ЪঋڀЕ׷ғౢǵНྍ఼Ꭶǵ਻

ংፓ࿯ǵ୯βߥӼǵၯᏨߥ଼ᆶԾฅ௲ػ฻ӭख़Ϧ੻܄фૈǹԶך୯Չࡹଣၭ཰ہ঩཮୍݅

ֽȐ2004ȑ߾ஒහ݅ޑфૈϩࣁаΠϖεфૈǺ

΃ǵ୯βߥӼǺֹ᏾ޑහ݅ǴႽѮദ΋ኬǴٛЗߘНޔௗፂᔐβᝆ߄य़ǴᐋਥΞૈᅱڰޑ׬

ՐβᝆǴٛЗβࣳ೏ߘНؑوǴ෧ϿНβϐࢬѨǶ

Βǵ఼ᎦНྍǺΠߘਔǴහ݅ёஒНϩ֎ԏډӦቫుೀǴԋࣁӦΠНஒߘНೲࡋ෧ᄌǴ጗጗

ࢬрǴխନࢫ஻Ǵහ݅ёᇥࢂԾฅޑεН৤Ƕ

ΟǵғᄊߥػǺහ݅ନΑԖ෌ނѦǴᗋԖ୏ނǴ๵ᜪ฻Ӛᅿғނӧහ݅ύғߏᕷ़ǴӢᔈѦ

ࣚޑ਻ংᡂϯǴᄬԋѳᑽޑғᄊسǴғғό৲҉ុว৖Ƕ

Ѥǵහ݅ၯ኷Ǻහ݅җӚᅿ෌ނǵ୏ނϷ܌ӧϐᕉნಔԋόӕޑფགྷ܈໢଻܈ذ᜽Ǵᒿۑ࿯

ԶᡂϯǴࢂҶ໕෠ଷޑӳӦБǶ

ϖǵЕ׷ғౢǺޔௗճҔࢂΓᜪߏΦаٰޑಞᄍǴЕ׷ࢂϦᇡനӳޑࡌ׷ϷᏔ׷চ਑ǴᖐΥ

ۚৎး⩰ǵৎڀǴࣗԿ೷રǵᖒࣅࣣࢂٰԾහ݅ύޑЕ׷Ƕ

! ! ᆕ΢ёޕǴහ݅٠ߚࢂൂ΋фૈԶࢂڀԖӭфૈय़ӛޑ΋ፄᚇϐғނޗ཮Ǵځфૈхࡴ

Е׷ғౢǵ఼ᎦНྍǵ਻ংፓ࿯ǵ୯βߥӼǵғᄊߥػǵහ݅ၯ኷ǵβӦճҔ฻ǶѠ᡼Ӧೀ

٥዗஥Ǵᙦ؊ޑߘН٬ளѠ᡼ޑහ݅ၗྍᙦىǴΨӢԜǴ׳сᡉΑѠ᡼ޑහ݅фૈޑख़ा܄Ƕ

ມǵѠ᡼୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ࡹ฼ᄽᡂᆶว৖ၸำ

! !

ֆۏ࣑Ȑ2001ȑࡰрǴѠ᡼Ծ1945ԃӀൺаٰǴᒿ๱ਔ໔ޑ௢౽ǵࡹݯϷ࿶ᔮᕉნޑ ว৖کׯᡂǴך୯݅཰ࡹ฼Ϸහ݅࿶ᔼ௛ࡼ֡ԖܴᡉޑׯᡂǴԶёஒϐϩයࣁǺ1.Ӏൺ߃යǴ ගঀȬа݅Ꭶ݅ǵҵ෌ѳᑽȭޑ݅཰ࡹ฼Ǵ٠மፓȨӭҵЕǵӭ೷݅ǵӭᛦ৤ȩޑ݅཰ࡼࡹ

Ꮴӛǹ2.1958-1975ԃჴࡼѠ᡼݅཰ࡹ฼Ϸ࿶ᔼБଞǴ๱ख़ȨߥӼᆶғౢ٠ख़ȩϐ݅཰ࡹ฼Ϸ

࿶ᔼБଞǹ3.1976-1990ԃჴࡼȨѠ᡼݅཰࿶ᔼׯॠБਢȩǴܴुහ݅࿶ᔼᔈа୯βߥӼϐߏᇻ

ճ੻ࣁҞ኱Ǵόӆа໒วහ݅଺ࣁ୯ৎ଄ྍǴȨߥӼфૈȩࣁ݅཰ࡹ฼Ϸ࿶ᔼБଞޑख़ᗺǴӕ ਔԵቾज़ໆҵЕǴݙख़ԾฅғᄊߥػǴว৖හ݅ၯ኷ǹȐ4ȑ1991ԃԿϞǴჴࡼȨѠ᡼හ݅࿶

ᔼᆅ౛БਢȩǴ୍ֽ݅ςׯڋࣁϦ୍ႣᆉǴӄय़࿣ҵϺฅ݅Ǵуமߥػ࿶ᔼǴ௢୏ᒃ҇݅཰Ǵ ࠆ෌හ݅ၗྍǴ٠රӛȨғᄊس࿶ᔼȩޑҞ኱Ƕ

! ! Զך୯ჹහ݅ၯ኷ϐӚᅿࡌ೛ӧਔ໔΢εठΞёа୔ձࣁΟঁ໘ࢤǴಃ΋໘ࢤࢂӧ1967 ԃа߻ޑ๴޵ਔයǴಃΒ໘ࢤࢂவ1967ԃ໒ۈԿ1980ԃѰѓޑว৖ਔයǴಃΟ໘ࢤ߾ࢂவ1980 ໒ۈޑᘉкਔයȐЦ୯ྷǴ1999ȑǶ

! Ц୯ྷȐ1999ȑࡰрǴԾ1958ԃଆǴѠ᡼࣪ࡹ۬ुۓϐѠ᡼݅཰ࡹ฼ϣϐ݅཰࿶ᔼБଞ

ಃ21చǺȨว৖݅ӦӭᅿҔ೼Ǵࡌ೛හ݅୔ୱǴቚ຾୯҇ந኷ȩǴԜࣁך୯හ݅ၯ኷٣཰Ǵ҅

ԄӈΕ݅཰ࡹ฼ޑ໒ۈǶѠ᡼࣪ࡹ୍ֽ۬݅ܭ1964ԃԋҥහ݅ၯ኷ೕჄλಔǴ໒ۈ଺හ݅ၯ

኷୔࣬ᜢ٣ەޑᝢฝǹԾ1967ԃ໒ۈǴ୍ֽ݅ۈԖහ݅ၯ኷ႣᆉϐጓӈǴ୤໻ज़ܭӚၯ኷୔

ϐᕉნऍϯک݅ၰ᏾ࡌǴ໻ߓٚξڀԖೕኳϐᇯᓔࡌ೛ǶࣁΑԖਏ໒วහ݅ၯ኷ၗྍǴ1967 ԃ1ДǴՉࡹଣਡۓȨѠ᡼݅཰࿶ᔼׯॠБਢȩಃ13చܴुǺȨว৖୯Ԗ݅ӦӭᅿҔ೼Ǵࡌ೛

Ծฅߥៈ୔Ϸහ݅ၯ኷୔ǴߥӸϺฅඳނϐֹ᏾Ϸࣔ຦୏෌ނϐᕷ़ǴаٮࣽᏢࣴزǵ௲ػ Ϸቚ຾୯҇ந኷ҔǶȩȐՉࡹଣၭہ཮୍ֽ݅ӄౚၗૻᆛǴ2006ȑ

! ! Ծ1970ԃжଆǴ୍ֽ݅ᑈཱུуமߓٚξǵᏜ΍ǵӝ៿ξǵᚣങ዇ǵఛξ฻Ӧϐ᏾ࡌǴ໒

៘ࣁහ݅ၯ኷୔ǴԿ1971ԃǴѠ᡼࣪ࡹ۬ၭ݅᡺Ϧթ୍ֽ݅Ꮬ΍හ݅ၯ኷୔ϐಔᙃᆅ౛ᒤݤǴ Ԝࣁӄ୯ಃ΋ঁԖಔᙃϐහ݅ၯ኷୔Ƕ1991ԃӢӄౚғᄊߥػዊࢬǴঅुȨѠ᡼හ݅࿶ᔼᆅ

౛БਢȩǴ݅཰ࡹ฼Ꮴӛуமහ݅ၗྍϷғᄊߥػǶϞВޑ݅཰ࡹ฼߾ࢂ᏾ӝȨහ݅҉ុ࿶

ᔼȩǵȨහ݅ၗྍӭҞ኱ճҔȩϷȨᆢៈғނӭኬ܄ȩΟε౛ۺǵࡌᄬағᄊسࣁೕჄൂϡϐ

݅཰࿶ᔼᡏسȐЦ୯ྷǴ1999ȑǶ

! ! ҁࣴزஒѠ᡼݅཰ࡹ฼ǵ୯ሞහ݅ߥػ࣬ᜢᐕำϷѠ᡼හ݅ၯ኷୔࣬ᜢࡹ฼Ϸว৖ᖿ༈

ਔ໔Ϸ࣬ᜢᐕำᙁϟᇙբᙁკӵკ΋Ǻ

1945ԃѠ᡼Ӏൺ߃යǴගঀ

1962ԃRachel Carsonаځ

๱բȠ஍ᓉޑࡾϺȡȐSilent Springȑ᝾֋ШΓǴอຎޑ

ࣽᏢёૈᇙ೷׳ӭޑᕉნ ൾ݀Ǵ׆ఈᙖԜെଆШΓჹ ᕉߥޑཥᇡ᛽Ƕ

1958-1975ԃѠ᡼ޑ݅཰ࡹ

฼Ϸ࿶ᔼБଞǴ๱౳ܭȨߥ

1976-1990ԃჴࡼȨѠ᡼݅཰

࿶ᔼׯॠБਢȩǴܴुහ݅࿶

ୖǵѠ᡼හ݅ၯ኷୔ޑ౜ݩϷ೛ҥ࣬ᜢݤྍ٩Ᏽ

! ! Ҟ߻٩ᏵࣁਥᏵහ݅ݤಃ 17 చаϷ಄ӝහ݅ၯ኷୔೛࿼ᆅ౛ᒤݤǴّϞς໒ܫٮ ୯Γਓၯޑහ݅ၯᏨӦᗺӅԖΒΜ΋ೀǺчѠ᡼Ǻϼѳξǵ෈ើǵܴԣǵᅈД༝ǵϣࢰǵ

ܿ౳ξǵᢀᜦ฻ΎೀǶύѠ᡼ǺεഓξǵΖиξǵݓഊǵӝ៿ξǵ༫࿤εǵྛᓐǵඁᇄ

฻ΎೀǶࠄѠ᡼ǺߓٚξǵᏜ΍ǵᛯ݄ǵᚈࢬ฻ѤೀǶܿѠ᡼Ǻޕҁǵԣࠄǵ൤ྍ฻Ο

ೀǶځύϐ෈ើᆶܴԣහ݅ၯ኷୔ឦՉࡹଣଏନא۔ծᇶᏤہ঩཮හ݅໒วೀ࿶ᔼǴྛ

ᓐǵඁᇄϩձҗѠεᆶᑫεჴᡍ݅ᆅ౛ೀ࿶ᔼǶځᎩ֡ឦ୍ֽ݅܌࿶ᔼޑහ݅ၯ኷୔Ӆ 18ঁǴᆀࣁ୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ȐკΒȑȐՉࡹଣၭہ཮୍ֽ݅Ǵ2009ȑǶ҇౲ճҔහ݅ޑ ԾฅӦ׎ǵ਻ຝϷඳᢀǴёа٦ڙහ݅੎ǴញܫᓸΚǴкϩᡏᡍεԾฅޑऍ᜽ǹ୯ৎහ

݅ၯ኷୔ϣޑϦӅ೛ࡼکԾฅှᇥ௲ػس಍Ǵ׳ૈᡣΓॺၲډᆢ࡭଼நǵᕉნ௲ػϷᒃ ߈ԾฅޑҞޑǶ

კΒǺѠ᡼හ݅ၯ኷୔ϩѲკȐՉࡹଣၭہ཮୍ֽ݅Ѡ᡼ξ݅஽ၯᆛǴ2009ȑ

! ! ч೽ޑϖೀ୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ύǴϼѳξϷᢀᜦ୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔Տܭၨଯੇܘೀϐ໦

ᜦ౰Չ஥Ǵ෌ဂ࣬ឦܭύǵଯੇܘ෌ဂǴаክࣽǵෘЏࣽޑ෌ނࣁЬǴӧੇܘၨଯೀష ғଞယᐋᅿϷࣔ຦ᔡЕ݅Ǵҗܭੇܘଯǵ਻ྕեǴহВਔதԖ҇౲߻۳ᗉපǶύ೽ϖೀ

୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔֡Տܭύǵଯੇܘξ୔Ǵ෌ဂᜪࠠҭӭឦክࣽǵෘЏࣽࣁЬޑύǵଯੇ

ܘ෌ဂǶࠄ೽ޑѤೀ୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ύǴаߓٚξϷᛯ݄ٿ০୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ੇܘՏ࿼

ၨଯǹ߻ޣ෌೏аύੇܘ෌ဂࣁЬǴឦܭክ㇛݅஥ǹࡕޣ߾ӢੇܘՏ࿼ၨեǴ෌೏షӝ Ԗեੇܘޑཱིᄨ݅஥Ϸύੇܘޑክ㇛݅஥Ƕܿ೽ޑ୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔хࡴԣࠄǵ൤ྍǵޕ

ҁϷӛ໚ӅѤೀ୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ǶȐՉࡹଣၭہ཮୍ֽ݅ӄౚၗૻᆛԾฅၗྍᆶғᄊၗ

਑৤Ǵ2003ȑ

! ਥᏵ҇୯ΐΜΟԃ΋Дঅ҅೯ၸࡕޑහ݅ݤಃ 1 చܴۓȨࣁߥػහ݅ၗྍǴวචහ

݅Ϧ੻Ϸ࿶ᔮਏҔǴࡺڋۓහ݅ݤȩǶܭࢂёޕහ݅ݤޑҥݤྗ߾൩ࢂࣁΑाߥៈහ݅

ၗྍǴ٠Ъวචහ݅ޑϦ੻Ϸ࿶ᔮਏҔǴځύǴ೛࿼හ݅ၯ኷୔ޑݤྍ٩ᏵٰԾܭහ݅

ݤಃ 17 చǴහ݅ݤಃ 17 చǺȨහ݅୔ୱϣǴ࿶ᕉნቹៜຑ՗ቩࢗ೯ၸǴள೛࿼හ݅ၯ

኷୔Ǵځ೛࿼ᆅ౛ᒤݤҗύѧЬᆅۓϐǴහ݅ၯ኷୔ளଜԏᕉნऍϯϷమዅᆢៈ຤Ǵၯ

኷೛ࡼளԏڗ٬Ҕ຤ǹځԏ຤኱ྗǴҗύѧЬᆅᐒᜢۓϐȩǶහ݅ၯ኷୔೛࿼ᆅ౛ᒤݤ

ಃ 2 చǺȨҁᒤݤ܌ᆀහ݅ၯ኷୔Ǵࡰӧහ݅୔ୱϣǴࣁඳᢀߥៈǵහ݅ғᄊߥػᆶග ٮၯ࠼வ٣ғᄊਓၯǵҶ໕ǵػ኷ࢲ୏ǵᕉნ௲ػϷԾฅᡏᡍ฻Ǵ࿶ύѧЬᆅᐒᜢਡۓ Զ೛࿼ϐػ኷୔Ƕ܌ᆀػ኷೛ࡼǴࡰӧහ݅ၯ኷୔ϣǴ࿶Ьᆅᐒᜢਡ঑Ǵࣁගٮၯ࠼ػ

኷ࢲ୏ǵ१எϷ୍ܺԶ೛࿼ϐ೛ࡼǶȩȐӄ୯ݤೕၗ਑৤Ǵ2009ȑ Ҵǵ่݀ᆶ૸ፕ

! ! හ݅٠ߚࢂൂ΋фૈԶࢂڀԖӭфૈय़ӛޑ΋ፄᚇϐғނޗ཮ǴځфૈхࡴЕ׷ғ

ౢǵ఼ᎦНྍǵ਻ংፓ࿯ǵ୯βߥӼǵғᄊߥػǵහ݅ၯ኷ǵβӦճҔ฻ǹѠ᡼ჹܭහ

݅࣬ᜢޑࡹ฼ǴёϩࣁΟঁਔයϩձࣁǺ

1.๱ख़݅Еғౢਔයǵ2.๱ख़೷݅ߥӼਔයǵ3.๱ख़හ݅҉ុਔයǶ๱ख़݅ЕғౢਔයЬ

ाࡹ฼ࣁ୯βԖਏճҔ໒วǴԜਔۘ҂Ԗහ݅ၯ኷୔р౜ǹ๱ख़೷݅ߥӼਔයӢᕉߥཀ

᛽ܩᓐǴࡹ฼وӛׯࣁ୯βߥӼᆶғౢ٠ख़ǴԜਔයᏜ΍හ݅ၯ኷୔ǵߓٚξහ݅ၯ኷

୔ഌុԋҥǴࡹ۬Ψ໒ۈ׫ၗ࣬ᜢӼӄϷၯ኷೛ࡼǹ๱ख़හ݅҉ុਔය߾Ьाࢂරӛߥ Ӹහ݅ၗྍǵ҉ុ࿶ᔼϷғᄊߥػࣁЬǶ

ഌǵ่ፕᆶࡌ᝼

! வ่݀ᆶ૸ፕёޕǴߥӸහ݅ၗྍǵ҉ុ࿶ᔼϷғᄊߥػӧ౜Ϟහ݅ࡹ฼ޑख़ा

܄ǹԶහ݅ၯ኷୔࿶ၸך୯୍ֽ݅Ծ1964ԃଆԋҥೕჄλಔаٰǴਥᏵහ݅ݤಃ17చǴ

೛࿼ಃ΋ঁᏜ΍හ݅ၯ኷୔ࡕǴҞ߻ςԖ18ঁහ݅ၯ኷୔ණթӧך୯чǵύǵࠄǵܿѤ ε୔ୱǴόӕහ݅ၯ኷୔ࣣԖځόӕ੝ՅϷځᐱ੝ޑғᄊᅿᜪǴԶך୯୍ֽ݅Ψଞჹځ

੝ՅೕჄΑόӕޑ࿶ᔼᆅ౛฼ౣǶՠࢂӧ੝ՅсᡉБय़ۘᡉόىǴٯӵහ݅ၯ኷୔ᆶ୯ ৎϦ༜Ϸ॥ඳ୔ϐ໔ޑ୔႖Ǵ೿ۘࡑࡹ۬ϷԖᜢൂՏޑոΚǴӵՖפ൨Ӛහ݅ၯ኷୔ޑ ਡЈሽॶǴ٠уасᡉǴࢂ҂ٰёаոΚޑҞ኱Ƕ

! ! ҁࣴزว౜Ǵόӕਔයޑ݅཰ࡹ฼Ǵӧහ݅ၯ኷୔ޑۓՏΨό࣬ӕǶӧහ݅ၯ኷୔

ύǴёаว౜όӕਔයᡉ౜හ݅ᆶΓᜪ࣬ϕ٩Ӹᜢ߯ᄽᡂǴаϷόӕਔжϐහ݅ሽॶǴ ӢԜǴහ݅ၯ኷୔ёຎࣁߥӸහ݅ሽॶᄽᡂϐਡЈᆶѦ೽৖౜හ݅ሽॶޑืαǴऩૈа ԜࣁਡЈሽॶуаว৖Ǵ࣬ߞёаԋࣁך୯හ݅ၯ኷୔҂ٰว৖ޑᙔੇ฼ౣǶ

ୖԵЎ᝘

Ц୯ྷȐ1999ȑǶහ݅ၯ኷ǶᆵчѱǺ҅ਜǶ

ӄ୯ݤೕၗ਑৤Ȑ2009ȑǶ2009 ԃ 3 Д 2 ВǴڗԾӄ୯ݤೕၗ਑৤Ǵᆛ֟

http://law.moj.gov.tw/

Չࡹଣၭہ཮୍ֽ݅Ѡ᡼ξ݅஽ၯᆛȐ2009ȑǶ2009 ԃ 3 Д 18 ВǴڗԾՉࡹଣၭہ཮݅

୍ֽѠ᡼ξ݅஽ၯᆛǴᆛ֟ http://www1.forest.gov.tw/ra/RA_Courier.aspx

Չࡹଣၭہ཮୍ֽ݅ӄౚၗૻᆛȐ2005ȑǶ2009ԃ3Д12ВǴڗԾՉࡹଣၭہ཮୍ֽ݅ӄ ౚၗૻᆛǴᆛ֟http://www.forest.gov.tw/mp.asp?mp=1

Չࡹଣၭہ཮୍ֽ݅ӄౚၗૻᆛȐ2006ȑǶ2009ԃ3Д15ВǴڗԾՉࡹଣၭہ཮୍ֽ݅ӄ ౚၗૻᆛǴᆛ֟http://www.forest.gov.tw/mp.asp?mp=1

Չࡹଣၭہ཮୍ֽ݅ӄౚၗૻᆛԾฅၗྍᆶғᄊၗ਑৤Ȑ2003ȑǶ2009 ԃ 3 Д 15 ВǴڗ ԾՉࡹଣၭہ཮୍ֽ݅ӄౚၗૻᆛԾฅၗྍᆶғᄊၗ਑৤Ǵᆛ֟

http://econgis.forest.gov.tw/index1.htm

ֆۏ࣑Ȑ2001ȑǶѠ᡼හ݅࿶ᔼᢀۺϐᙯᡂ-ȠѠ᡼݅཰ȡДтϐϣ৒ϩ݋Ǵ҂рހᅺγ ፕЎǴ୯ҥѠ᡼εᏢǴѠчѱǶ

୍ֽ݅೷݅ғౢಔȐ2004ȑǶѳӦහ݅ၗྍӭҞ኱҉ុճҔ฼ౣǶၭࡹᆶၭ௃Ǵ140Ǵ 32-37Ƕ

݅୯ሑȐ1993ȑǶහ݅ၗྍޑၸѐᆶ౜ݩǶ݅཰ᘀтǴ(45)Ǵ18Ƕ

୯ҥύᑫεᏢȐ2006ȑǶහ݅ၯ኷୔ᙯࠠ࿶ᔼኳԄᆶ฼ౣϐࣴزǶѠчѱǶՉࡹଣၭ཰

ہ঩཮୍ֽ݅Ƕ

ഋࡿܴȐ1971ȑǶහ݅ၗྍ࿶ᔼϐᅽճᢀǶύ๮݅ᏢۑтǴ4(4)Ǵ141-156Ƕ

ླྀࣿᓄȐ2004ȑǶѠ᡼ޑ୯ৎහ݅ၯ኷୔ǶᆵчѱǺᇻىЎϯǶ ᕴ಍۬Ȑ2009ȑǶ2009ԃ3Д12ВǴڗԾᕴ಍۬ᆛઠཥᆪዺǴᆛ֟

http://www.president.gov.tw/index_c.html

ᛥಏᡕȐ1983ȑǶፋහ݅ၯ኷୔ӵՖᆅ౛ᆶԏΕϐϩଛǶѠ᡼݅཰Ǵ9(7)Ǵ1-3Ƕ ᛥಏᡕȐ2005ȑǶவޗ཮࿶ᔮᆶғᄊፋහ݅҉ុ࿶ᔼ^—୺௲εᏢΟΜԃޑӣ៝Ƕ

Ѡчѱ୯λ௲ৣπբᓸΚำࡋϷҶ໕ୖᆶϐࣴز!

ଯᓉች ୯ҥᆵ᡼ৣጄεᏢ

ᄔ ा

٩ᏵѠчѱ௲ػֽ܌วѲޑၗ਑ǴȨѠчѱᐕԃᏢਠཷݩᕴ߄ȩٰ࣮Ǵ୯҇λᏢᏢ ғவΐΜϖᏢԃࡋޑ 178494 Γफ़եډΐΜϤᏢԃࡋޑ 172474 ΓǴ෧ϿΑ 6020 ΓǶԶ ΐΜΎᏢԃࡋޑ୯҇λᏢᏢғΓኧࢂ 163133 ΓǴکΐΜϤᏢԃࡋ࣬КǴ෧ϿΑ 9341 ΓǶ җԜёـϿηϯ೷ԋ෧੤ຬᚐޑ௃ݩӧѠчѱࢂࡐܴᡉޑǶऍ୯௲ػڐ཮಍ी௲ৣπբ

࿶ᡍ೷ԋځขቾᆶᆒઓᆙᕲ౜ຝǴऊವэ 53%ȐBrown, 1984ȑǶୖᆶҶ໕ࢲ୏ૈԖਏ קှᓸΚǴЪঁΓπբᓸΚགڙৡ౦ቹៜځᒧ᏷ϐҶ໕ࢲ୏ᜪࠠǵჴሞୖᆶᓎ౗฻Ȑ׵

඲Ǵ2003ȑǶΓॺ೯தᙖҗ፾྽ޑҶ໕ࢲ୏ٰỜှπբᓸΚǴӢࣁҶ໕ૈ٬Γॺӧπբ ᓸΚύอኩޑᕇளှಥ(Coleman, 1993) ǴЀځчѱ୯λ௲ৣೀܭϿηϯЇଆޑ෧੤ຬᚐ ᓸΚΠǴҶ໕ୖᆶૈჹπբᓸΚౢғ጗ፂޑਏ੻Ƕଯߪ໢Ȑ1995ȑΨᇡࣁёа೸ၸୖᆶ Ҷ໕ࢲ୏ޑၸำύஒݙཀΚᙯ౽ډࢲ୏ύǴҶ໕ୖᆶޣளаኩਔ଒ᚆᓸΚྍǴܫ᚞Ј௃

Զౢғ೯ᄣޑᡏᡍǶҁࣴزటᕕှѠчѱ୯λ௲ৣπբᓸΚϷҶ໕ୖᆶϐ໔ޑᜢ߯Ƕ೸

ၸୢڔፓࢗݤ٠аߞਏࡋϩ݋ǵඔॊ܄಍ीǵt ᔠۓǵANOVA کഓ຤٣ࡕϩ݋຾Չၗ

਑ϩ݋ᆶೀ౛Ƕයఈҁࣴزԋ݀Ǵёբࣁ୯λ௲ৣୖᆶҶ໕ࢲ୏קှπբᓸΚ຾Զගϲ ғࢲᅈཀࡋୖԵϐҔǶ

ᜢᗖຒǺ୯୯λ௲ৣǵπբᓸΚǵҶ໕ୖᆶ

൘ǵ߻ق

ӧϿηϯੁዊޑፂᔐϐΠ߈ԃٰǴȨϿηϯޑୢᚒȩࣁ౜Ϟޗ཮஥ٰ೚ӭޑኁቾǶ ӧϿηϯޑᖿ༈ύǴᏢਠ෧੤ǵຊᄖӭᎩ௲ৣǴ٬ࢬੁ௲ৣቚуǴ௲ৣ΃ᙍ׳य़ᖏႶӭ ๆϿ΋ᙍᜤ؃ޑӒᐒǶѠчѱ௲ػֽႣ՗Ǵчѱ୯λΐΜΖԃஒ෧80੤ǴऩрғΓα࡭

ុ෧ϿǴ҇୯΋żżԃࡕǴчѱ௲ৣ৮य़ᖏຊ঩ӒᐒǶ9ԋᏢਠೀ౛෧੤ፓ୏ޑচ߾εӭ

ࢂ٩Ꮲᐕǵԃၗǵዛᚵǵ஑཰ǵ੝ਸ߄౜฻చҹ٩ᑈϩຑۓǴԾᜫፓਠޣ٩ԃइߏǵၗ

ᐕుǵԃၗӭޣᓬӃǴՠߚԾᜫፓਠ߾ࢂаԃइᇸǵၗᐕభǵԃၗϿᓬӃፓ୏ǶӢࣁϿ ηϯ෧੤ຬᚐԶ஥ٰޑᓸΚ༈Ѹ׳ቚу௲ৣު΢ޑख़ᏼǶऍ୯௲ػڐ཮಍ी௲ৣπբ࿶

ᡍ೷ԋځขቾᆶᆒઓᆙᕲ౜ຝǴऊವэ53ʘȐBrown , 1984)Ƕ

ୖᆶҶ໕ࢲ୏ૈԖਏקှᓸΚǴЪঁΓπբᓸΚགڙৡ౦ቹៜځᒧ᏷ϐҶ໕ࢲ୏ᜪ

ࠠǵჴሞୖᆶᓎ౗฻Ȑ׵඲Ǵ2003ȑǶΓॺ೯தᙖҗ፾྽ޑҶ໕ࢲ୏ٰỜှπբᓸΚǴ ӢࣁҶ໕ૈ٬ΓॺӧπբᓸΚύอኩޑᕇளှಥ(Coleman, 1993) ǴЀځчѱ୯λ௲ৣೀ

ܭϿηϯЇଆޑ෧੤ຬᚐᓸΚΠǴҶ໕ୖᆶૈჹπբᓸΚౢғ጗ፂޑਏ੻Ƕଯߪ໢

Ȑ1995ȑΨᇡࣁёа೸ၸୖᆶҶ໕ࢲ୏ޑၸำύஒݙཀΚᙯ౽ډࢲ୏ύǴҶ໕ୖᆶޣள аኩਔ଒ᚆᓸΚྍǴܫ᚞Ј௃Զౢғ೯ᄣޑᡏᡍǶ

ມǵ

πբᓸΚޑۓကᆶϣ఼

΋ǵπբᓸΚۓက

πբᓸΚࢂவᓸΚۓက़ғԶٰޑǴᖐΥӢπբԖᜢޑӢનԶЇଆޑᓸΚǴ೿ёᆀ ࣁπբᓸΚȐֆےҥǴ1996ȑǶᎄӄճȐ2003ȑҭࡰрǴπբᓸΚ(job stress or work stress)

ࢂঁᡏکπբᕉნϕ୏ਔ܌ౢғޑ่݀ǴԜ่݀ऩࢂڀ࠶ુ܄ޑǴ߾཮٬Γౢғ΋ᅿᓸ ॐǵᆙ஭ࣗԿό๤ܺޑރᄊǶЦذች(1999)ᇡࣁπբᓸΚࢂঁΓ࿶Ծρޕ᝺ᇡޕޑၸำǴ

ჹځπբᕉნ຾Չຑ՗ࡕǴว౜ᕉნύຬрԾيૈΚᆶ࿶ᡍޑϸᔈǶԙལӃ(1992)ᇡࣁ

Forman 1990

Ȑ1ȑঁΓϷ஑཰ᓸΚȐ2ȑ஑཰֚ᘋȐ3ȑ૽ግᆶ୏ᐒȐ4ȑ

௃ᆣ౜ຝȐ5ȑᏢਠᓸΚȐ6ȑ௲ᏢᓸΚȐ7ȑفՅፂँȐ8ȑ ӕ٣ᜢ߯Ȑ9ȑπբᅈཀࡋǶ

Borg ȿ

Riding 1991 Ȑ1ȑᏢғόؼՉࣁȐ2ȑόؼޑπբᕉნȐ3ȑόؼޑӕ٣ ᜢ߯Ȑ4ȑਔ໔ᓸΚǶ

Hipps ȿ

Halpin 1992

Ȑ1ȑӕ٣໔ېҥȐ2ȑલЮޗ཮Ѝ࡭Ȑ3ȑคݤቹៜᏢਠࡹ

฼Ȑ4ȑ੤ભೕኳȐ5ȑπբॄ಻คݤᆅ౛Ȑ6ȑᏢғ໔ঁձ ৡ౦ϼεȐ7ȑ௲ᏢၗྍόىȐ8ȑલЮᇶշၗྍȐ9ȑၸӭ ޑߚᜢ௲ᏢҺ୍Ȑ10ȑೀ౛υᘋޑᏢғȐ11ȑೀ౛Ꮲғޑ௃

ᆣୢᚒȐ12ȑٰԾᏢғޑيᡏ࠶ુȐ13ȑਔ໔ᓸΚǶ McCormick

ȿSolman 1992 ೀ౛ᏢғޑόؼՉࣁ

Chaplain 1995 Ȑ1ȑ஑཰ว৖Ȑ2ȑᏢғՉࣁᆶᄊࡋȐ3ȑπբҺ୍Ƕ Montalvo,

Bairȿ Boor

1995 Ȑ1ȑৣғᜢ߯Ȑ2ȑৎߏᆶ௲ৣޑᜢ߯Ȑ3ȑᆅ౛໘ቫᆶ௲

ৣޑᜢ߯Ȑ4ȑπբރݩǶ

Salo 1995 Ȑ1ȑᏢғୢᚒȐ2ȑπբϣ৒Ȑ3ȑޗ୔Ȑ4ȑᏢғৎߏȐ5ȑ

ঁΓӢનǶ

ၗ਑ٰྍ:ࣴزޣୖଜЎ᝘᏾౛Զԋ ᆕᢀ୯ϣѦԖᜢ௲ৣπբᓸΚٰྍޑࣴزǵЎ᝘ၗ਑Ǵว౜௲ৣπբᓸΚٰྍǴε ԿٰԾΠӈ൳ঁБय़ǴхࡴǺᏢғᏢಞکՉࣁୢᚒǵᆶՉࡹЬᆅکӕ٣ޑΓሞᜢ߯ǵπ բၸࡋॄ಻ǵᏢਠՉࡹЍ࡭όىǵفՅፂँᆶၸࡋॄ಻ǵᆶৎߏޑྎ೯Ϸ௲ৣޑ஑཰ว

৖฻ୢᚒǶӢԜҁࣴز௖૸୯λ௲ৣπբᓸΚٰྍǴջࢂٰԾπբᕉნύٗ٤فՅය ࡑǵΓሞᜢ߯ǵਔ໔ᓸΚǵπբॄ಻฻Ǵ཮Їଆ௲ৣғ౛ǵЈ౛΢ޑόؼϸᔈǶ ௲ৣ

πբᓸΚࢂࡰ௲ৣவ٣௲Ꮲ࣬ᜢπբԶౢғόඍ৹ޑॄय़གڙ٠ቹៜځπբ߄౜Ƕҁࣴ

ز܌ᆀ௲ৣπբᓸΚǴ٩ڙ၂ޣӧࢫԙዞȐ2003ȑ܌ጓȨ୯λ௲ৣπբᓸΚໆ߄ȩ΢ޑ ளϩٰᑽໆǶ

ୖǵҶ໕ୖᆶϷ࣬ᜢ౛ፕ

Ҷ໕Ȑleisureȑ΋ຒޑमЎࢂྍԾ܎΍ЎlicereǴཀࡰȨԾҗਔ໔ȐfreetimeȑǶ׆ᛪ ЎύޑҶ໕ǴΏࡰคܥค״ޑՉ୏Ǵ܈ࡰᘍಥπբϐࡕ܌ᕇளޑԾҗਔ໔܈வ٣ޑԾҗ ࢲ୏;׆ᛪЎϯᇡࣁπբޑҞޑࢂࣁΑҶ໕Ǵ΋ՠؒԖҶ໕൩ؒԖЎϯౢғȐlso-Ahola, 1980ǹKelly, 1996ȑǶҶ໕ȐLeisureȑ๊ߚΒΜШइޑཥౢࠔǴԶࢂՔᒿ๱ΓᜪЎܴว৖

ၸำύ΋໨ࡐख़ाޑޗ཮౜ຝȐKelly, 1996ȑǶ

Ҷ໕ୖᆶ(leisure participation)ǴԖ٤૸ፕᆀբҶ໕Չࣁ(leisure behavior) ǵҶ໕ࢲ୏

ୖᆶ(recreational activities participation) Ǵ܌ࡰεठ࣬ӕǴ΋૓ёϩࣁȨໆȩ܈Ȩ፦ȩٿ Бय़ޑ૸ፕǶໆޑۓကനதගډޑࢂǴRagheb ᆶGriffith (1982) ஒҶ໕ୖᆶۓကࣁǺঁ

ᡏୖᆶࢌᅿҶ໕ࢲ୏ޑᓎ౗کᜪࠠǴҞ߻୯ϣᏢޣࣴزҶ໕ୖᆶ٩ԜۓကǶഋࠄน Ȑ2000ȑΨࡰрҶ໕ୖᆶхࡴҶ໕ୖᆶՉࣁϷҶ໕ୖᆶำࡋǴջӧԾҗਔ໔ୖᆶࢌᅿҶ ໕ࢲ୏ޑ໨Ҟǵਔኧᆶᓎ౗Ǵ๱ख़࠼ᢀ࿶ᡍ܄ޑ௖૸ȐഋᐋࠤǴ2002ȑǶ፦ޑۓကǴх

ࡴЈ౛܈ᡏᡍڗӛǴᇡࣁҶ໕ୖᆶࢂ΋ᅿ᝺ޕԾҗᆶϣӧ୏ᐒޑЈ౛ރᄊǴ܈ࢂҞޑࣁ ᅈىϣӧ୏ᐒޑࢲ୏(Neulinger, 1974; Kraus, 1990) Ǵ୯ϣᏢޣ݅ਖԀȐ1984ȑΨஒҶ໕

ୖᆶۓကࣁ΋ᅿҗҞ኱ᏤЇǵԖ܌ࣁԶࣁϐՉࣁǴځҞޑӧᅈىҶ໕ୖᆶޣঁΓғ౛ǵ Ј౛Ϸޗ཮฻όӕቫԛޑሡ؃ǶඤقϐǴջୖᆶޣ٩ᏵঁΓሡ؃Ǵᒧ᏷፾྽ϐਔ໔ǵӦ ᗺǵБԄவ٣Ҷ໕ࢲ୏ǴаߡঁΓϐҶ໕ሡ؃ૈᕇளനଯϐᅈཀำࡋ܈ၲډന٫Ҷ໕ࠔ

፦Ƕ೭ᜪޑᢀᗺ΢ၨୃख़ঁᡏϣЈޑགڙǴ๱ख़Ј౛ቫԛޑЬᢀ௖૸ȐഋᐋࠤǴ2002ȑǶ җܭၸѐჹܭҶ໕ୖᆶޑࣴزୃख़ᜪࠠکᓎ౗ޑ่݀Ǵคݤ੿҅ϸࢀрவ٣Ҷ໕ࢲ୏ޑ

ੋΕၸำکᡏᡍǴӢԜ߈ٰᏢޣᘉкΑҶ໕ୖᆶ૸ፕϐϣ఼Ǵ׵඲Ȑ2003ȑ௖૸Ҷ໕ࢲ

୏ୖᆶ੝܄ǴᇡࣁҶ໕ୖᆶޑၸำᔈ၀Ψх֖௃ᆣکமࡋǴගраӭय़ӛ௃ᆣᡏᡍ߄Ң Ј౛ރᄊǵၮ୏Ծ᝺ޑமࡋ߄Ңғ౛ރᄊǴу΢தـޑҶ໕ࢲ୏ᜪࠠǵਔ໔੝܄аϷϕ

୏׎ԄӅϖঁय़ӛٰ૸ፕҶ໕ୖᆶ੝܄Ȑ݅ࡹᓪǴ2007ȑǶ စǵ௲ৣҶ໕ୖᆶ࣬ᜢࣴز

ቹៜ௲ৣჹܭҶ໕ࢲ୏ޑୖᆶϐঁΓӢનߚதӭǴԶҁࣴزଞჹځ౜ݩǵ܄ձǵԃ សǵஆ࠷ރݩǵᏼҺᙍ୍ǵᏢਠೕኳϷᏢਠ܌ӧӦޑৡ౦ٰ௖૸ϐǶ

΋ǵӧҶ໕ୖᆶޑ౜ݩ

GrassȐ2003ȑޑࣴزࡰрǴ΋٤஑཰ΓγȐх֖௲ৣȑӧҶ໕ࢲ୏ୖᆶޑᒧ᏷΢Ǵ Ԗᝄख़ଯࡋ่ᄬϯǶӵǺᡏػǵ᛬ೌǵ᎙᠐࣬ᜢޑངӳޣǴдॺ཮ว৖πբᆶҶ໕ᜢ߯Ǵ

٬೭٤מૈว৖ډᅈཀǴவ΋ঁሦୱቹៜځдሦୱǶਥᏵε೽ϩޑࣴزᡉҢǴ௲ৣӧҶ

໕ࢲ୏ޑᒧ᏷΢Ǵε೿аঁΓ໕ຽຽࠠޑࢲ୏ࣁЬǴӧঁձޑ໨Ҟ΢Ξаຎ᠋ু኷ࠠޑ ࢲ୏ࣁၨୖᆶᓎ౗നଯޑࢲ୏໨ҞȐೱ൛ݯǴ1998ǹֈٵ࣑Ǵ2005ǹ৊ᙣ׿Ǵ2006ǹ݅

ഓӵǴ2007ǹ໳ҸܴǴ2007ǹ࢒ࡹճǴ2007ȑǶ Βǵӧ܄ձᡂ໨ޑৡ౦௃׎

Kay (2000) ᇡࣁޗ཮ࡹ฼ࢂ໺ኞৎ৥ཀ᛽ࠠᄊӅ᛽ߚதԖΚޑ൞ϟǴৎ৥ϦӅࡹ฼

཮ቹៜঁΓғࢲࠠᄊǴҭૈ୼மΚۓက҆ᒃ܈ۀηفՅǴ೭٤فՅཀ᛽ࠠᄊޑදϷǴు

ᇻӦቹៜζ܄Ҷ໕ୖᆶǶتζӢғ౛ރݩᆶ໺಍ޑ܄ձᢀۺයࡑόӕǴ܌аӧҶ໕ୖᆶ ޑ୺Չ΢Ǵ཮Ԗࡐεޑৡ౦ǶKimberlyȐ2008ȑޑࣴزҭᡉҢǴჹܭ஁ζޑҶ໕ୖᆶǴ ന࿶தගډޑज़ڋӢનǴόѦЯࣁλ࠸ޑྣៈکલЮਔ໔Ƕᗨฅ஁ζޑҶ໕ୖᆶᓎ౗ၨ

եǴՠࢂӴॺჹҶ໕ԖၨᑈཱུᄊࡋǴԖၨεޑᑈཱུय़ѐЍ࡭ԾךҁيޑҶ໕ୖᆶǴԶਥ Ᏽε೽ϩޑࣴز่݀ᡉҢǴت܄௲ৣዴჴӧၮ୏ࠠޑҶ໕ୖᆶᆶ᏾ᡏޑҶ໕ୖᆶଯၸܭ ζ܄௲ৣȐೱ൛ݯǴ1998ǹഋύ໦Ǵ2001ǹԙలሺǴ2003ǹֈٵ࣑Ǵ2005ǹ৊ᙣ׿Ǵ2006ǹ

݅ഓӵǴ2007ǹ໳ҸܴǴ2007ȑǶ Οǵӧԃសᡂ໨ޑৡ౦௃׎

DunnȐ2004ȑځғڮຼයᆶҶ໕ࢲ୏ޑࣴزύว౜ǴΓᜪޑҶ໕ࢲ୏Ǵ཮ᒿ๱ԃស ԋॹU ࠠǴSearleȐ1985ȑޑࣴزࡰрǴΓᜪޑҶ໕Չࣁ཮ᒿ๱ԃសǴԶ೴ᅌ෧ϿǶਥ Ᏽε೽ϩޑࣴزᡉҢǴόӕԃសᡂ໨ޑ௲ৣǴӧҶ໕ୖᆶ΢ዴჴԖᡉ๱ޑৡ౦Ȑೱ൛ݯǴ 1998ǹഋύ໦Ǵ2001ǹԙలሺǴ2003ǹֈٵ࣑Ǵ2005ǹ݅ഓӵǴ2007ǹ໳ҸܴǴ2007ȑǶ ҭԖࣴزᡉҢǴٿޣϐ໔ؒԖᡉ๱ޑৡ౦Ȑ৊ᙣ׿Ǵ2006ǹ࢒ࡹճǴ2007ȑǶ

Ѥǵӧஆ࠷ᡂ໨ޑৡ౦௃׎

Hansen (2001) ว౜஥λ࠸ޑ҆ᒃவ٣Ҷ໕ࢲ୏ޑज़ڋǴЬाٰԾৎ৥่ᄬаϷཀ

᛽ࠠᄊ (᝽ӵǺჹ҆ᒃޑයࡑ)ǶBergǵTrostǵSchneiderکAllison (2001) ӧ௖૸ᒃஏՔ ߧޑᚈΓᜢ߯ਔǴว౜ӧӅӕҶ໕ਔ໔ǵаϷঁΓҶ໕ୖᆶ཮ቹៜ۶Ԝᜢ߯ǴԜࣁՔߧ ਏᔈǶԶਥᏵε೽ϩޑࣴزᡉҢǴ҂ஆ௲ৣӧҶ໕ୖᆶᓎ౗΢ܴᡉଯܭςஆ௲ৣȐೱ൛ ݯǴ1998ǹഋύ໦Ǵ2001ǹԙలሺǴ2003ǹ݅ഓӵǴ2007ǹ໳Ҹܴ2007ȑǹՠΨԖࣴز ᡉҢǴٿޣϐ໔٠คᡉ๱ޑৡ౦Ȑഋᡦ᜽Ǵ2003ǹֈٵ࣑Ǵ2005ǹ࢒ࡹճǴ2007ǹȑǶ ϖǵӧᏼҺᙍ୍ᡂ໨ޑৡ౦௃׎

όӕᙍ୍ޑπբҽໆόӕǴૈ٬ҔޑԾҗਔ໔܈ࢂᆒઓǴΨ཮Ԗ܌όӕǴ΋૓ٰᇥǴ

ࣽҺ௲ৣӧҶ໕ୖᆶ΢ܴᡉޑଯܭભҺ௲ৣ܈ࢂঋՉࡹ௲ৣȐഋύ໦Ǵ2001ǹ৊ᙣ׿Ǵ 2006ǹ໳Ҹܴǹ2007ȑǹόၸε೽ϩޑࣴزᡉҢǴٿޣϐ໔٠คᡉ๱ޑৡ౦ȐԙలሺǴ 2003ǹഋᡦ᜽ǹ2003ǹֈٵ࣑Ǵ2005ǹ݅ഓӵǴ2007ǹ࢒ࡹճǴ2007ȑǶ

ϤǵӧᏢਠೕኳᡂ໨ޑৡ౦௃׎

ҁࣴزϐ܌а௦ҔᏢਠೕኳࣁङඳᡂ໨ޑЬाচӢǴࢂӢࣁόӕᏢਠೕኳޑ௲ৣኧ Ԗ܌όӕǴӧᏢਠೕኳၨεޑᏢਠҗܭ௲ৣኧၨӭǴჹܭ௲ৣҶ໕უՔޑᒧ᏷Ǵ࣬ၨܭ

ೕኳၨλޑ௲ৣाٰޑӭ΋٤ǴӢԜёૈΨࢂቹៜ௲ৣҶ໕ୖᆶޑ΋ঁচӢǶԶӧ࣬ᜢ ޑЎ᝘ύǴ٬ҔᏢਠೕኳࣁᡂ໨ޑҶ໕ୖᆶࣴز࣬ᜢЎ᝘ၨϿǶഋύ໦Ȑ2001ȑޑࣴز ᡉҢόӕᏢਠೕኳޑ௲ৣӧҶ໕ୖᆶԖᡉ๱ৡ౦Ǵՠ࢒ࡹճȐ2007ȑࣴزᡉҢคᡉ๱ৡ ౦Ƕ

ΎǵӧᏢਠ܌ӧӦޑৡ౦௃׎ Cronbach ͉߯ኧ.94ᡉҢрໆ߄ڀԖ࣬྽ଯޑϣ೽΋ठ܄ߞࡋǶ

ȐΒȑඔॊ܄಍ी

ҁࣴزаȨঁΓङඳၗ਑ȩǵȨ୯λ௲ৣπբᓸΚໆ߄ȩϷȨҶ໕ୖᆶໆ߄ȩ ϐࡼෳ่݀຾Չ಍ीϩ݋ǴӃ຾Չኬҁ่ᄬϐඔॊ܄಍ीϩ݋ϷӚᡂ໨ϐѳ֡

ኧǵ኱ྗৡǴаᕕှঁΓङඳᡂ໨ϐԛኧϩଛکԭϩКǶӆҔt ᔠۓANOVAϷഓ

຤٣ࡕϩ݋ݤ຾Չ຾Չၗ਑ϩ݋ᆶೀ္Ƕ

ഌǵ่ᇟ

ӧ᏾ঁ௲ػᡏڋύǴ௲ৣתᄽ๱ᖐىᇸख़ޑفՅǴჹᏢғޑᏢಞԋਏԖ࣬྽ख़εޑ ቹៜǶฅԶǴӧय़ᖏ๱ਔжޑᡂᎂک௲ػׯॠࡹ฼όᘐޑ௢ഋрཥΠǴ୯҇λᏢ௲ৣޑ πբॄ಻ໆΨВ੻؈ख़Ǵӆу΢ϿηϯЇଆޑ෧੤ຬᚐᓸΚคᅪࢂഓ΢уᗩǶഋύ໦

Ȑ2001ȑࡰрǴҞ߻܌़ғрٰޑ௲ػୢᚒǴٯӵǺ௲ৣޗ཮ӦՏޑׯᡂǵ஑཰ૈΚޑ

ा؃ǵᆅ௲ୢᚒ฻Ǵ೿ޔௗቹៜډ௲ৣޑπբ዗၈ᆶγ਻ǴӢԜ௲ৣሡᙖҗҶ໕ࢲ୏ٰ

ᅈىځғ౛ᆶЈ౛ޑሡ؃ȐԙలሺǴ2003ȑǶ௲ৣճҔፐᎩਔ໔வ٣Ҷ໕ࢲ୏ǴஒԖշ ܭᆒઓᓸΚޑỜှǴ஑཰ޕૈޑԋߏǵ௲Ꮲࢲ୏ޑ኷፪ϯᆶӭϡϯǴڈᐟ௲ᏢᡫགϷတ ΚᐟᕏǴׯ๓௲Ꮲࠔ፦Ǵ຾Զၲԋ௲ᏢҞ኱Ȑഋύ໦Ǵ2001ǹጰᆧেǴ2004ȑǶ

ୖԵЎ᝘

ЦذችȐ2000ȑǶଯᙍ௲ৣπբᓸΚٰྍǵቹៜᆶᆅ౛ϐࣴزǶᄆϯǺᄆϯৣጄεᏢπ

཰௲ػࣴز܌ᅺγፕЎȐ҂рހȑǶ

ԙలሺȐ2003ȑǶ୯҇ύᏢ௲ৣځғࢲࠠᄊᆶҶ໕ୖᆶϐᜢ߯ࣴزɡаѠчѱࣁٯǶ҂

рހϐᅺγፕЎǶ୯ҥܿ๮εᏢᢀӀᄤၯᏨᆅ౛ࣴز܌Ǵ޸ጪǶ

׵඲Ȑ2003ȑǶೱុҶଷύҶ໕ࢲ୏ୖᆶ੝܄ϐࣴزȐ୯ࣽ཮஑ᚒࣴزीฝԋ݀ൔ֋

ጓဦǺNSC 91-2413-H-003-059ȑǶᆵчѱǺύ๮҇୯Չࡹଣ୯ৎࣽᏢہ঩཮Ƕ ֈٵ࣑Ȑ2005ȑǶεѠчӦ୔୯λ௲ৣπբᓸΚǵҶ໕ୖᆶᆶيЈ଼நϐ࣬ᜢࣴزǶ҂

рހϐᅺγፕЎǴدҥ๮఍εᏢǴѠчǶ

݅ࡹᓪȐ2007ȑǶᆵчѱߙϿԃޑҶ໕ୖᆶ੝܄ჹғࢲ፾ᔈϐቹៜǶ҂рހᅺγፕЎǴ ୯ҥᆵ᡼ৣጄεᏢǴᆵчѱǶ

݅ਖԀȐ1984ȑǶၯᏨޣᒧ᏷ၯᏨ୔ՉࣁϐࣴزǶ೿ѱᆶीჄǴ10Ǵ33-49Ƕ

ֆےҥȐ1986ȑǶ୯ύᏢਠՉࡹΓ঩πբᓸΚᆶӢᔈ฼ౣϐࣴزǶ୯௲Ꮲൔ,8,99-131Ƕ

݅ഓӵȐ2007ȑǶᄆϯᑜ୯҇ύᏢ௲ৣҶ໕ୖᆶǵҶ໕ᄊࡋᆶҶ໕ᅈཀࡋϐࣴزǶ҂р ހϐᅺγፕЎǴ୯ҥᄆϯৣጄεᏢǴᄆϯǶ

ࢫԙዞȐ2003ȑǶѠчѱ୯҇λᏢ௲ৣπբᓸΚᆶၮ୏ୖᆶՉࣁϐ࣬ᜢࣴزǶѠчǺѠ чѱҥৣጄᏢଣ୯҇௲ػࣴز܌ᅺγፕЎȐ҂рހȑǶ

࢒ࡹճȐ2007ȑǶ௲ৣҶ໕ୖᆶǵҶ໕ᅈཀࡋᆶπբᓸΚ࣬ᜢϐࣴزǶ҂рހᅺγፕЎǴ εယεᏢၮ୏٣཰ᆅ౛ࣴز܌ǴᄆϯǶ

ೱ൛ݯȐ1990ȑǶѠчᑜ୯λ௲ৣҶ໕ᄊࡋᆶҶ໕ୖᆶޕ࣬ᜢࣴزǶ҂рހϐᅺγፕЎǴ ୯ҥཥԮৣጄᏢଣ୯҇௲ػࣴزǴཥԮǶ

৊ᙣ׿Ȑ2006ȑǶч೽מ஑ਠଣ௲ৣҶ໕ሡ؃ǵҶ໕ୖᆶϷᅈཀࡋϐࣴزǶ҂рހϐᅺ γፕЎǴ୯ҥѠ᡼ৣጄεᏢၮ୏Ҷ໕ᆅ౛ࣴز܌ǴѠчǶ

೾ᓉਗȐ1994ȑǶЈ౛ᏢǶᆵчѱǺඦඵЎϯǶ

ഋύ໦Ȑ2001ȑǶ୯λ௲ৣҶ໕ୖᆶǵҶ໕ਏ੻ᆶπբᅈཀϐᜢ߯ࣴزǶ҂рހϐᅺγ ፕЎǴ୯ҥѠ᡼ৣጄεᏢၮ୏Ҷ໕ᆅ౛ࣴز܌ǴѠчǶ

ഋࠄนȐ2000ȑǶߙϿԃҶ໕คಠགᆶҶ໕ߔᛖǵҶ໕ୖᆶϷҶ໕ᅈཀࡋϐ࣬ᜢࣴزǶ

҂рހᅺγፕЎǴ୯ҥᡏػᏢଣᡏػࣴز܌Ǵਲ༜ᑜǶ

ഋဃޱȐ2000ȑǶѠܿӦ୔୯λ௲ৣޑπբᓸΚᆶπբᅈཀࡋϐࣴزǶ҂рހϐᅺγፕ ЎǴ୯ҥѠܿৣጄᏢଣ௲ػࣴز܌ǴѠܿǶ

ഋᐋࠤȐ2002ȑǶ୯ύᏢғΓ਱໼ӛǵҶ໕ࢲ୏ᆶᏢ཰ԋ൩ᜢ߯ϐࣴزǶ҂рހᅺγ ፕЎǴ୯ҥଯ໢ৣጄεᏢǴଯ໢ѱǶ

ഋᡦ᜽Ȑ2003ȑǶѠࠄᑜǵѱε஑௲ৣҶ໕ୖᆶࠠᄊǵҶ໕ࢲ୏ୖᆶ໨ҞᅈཀࡋϐࣴزǶ

҂рހϐᅺγፕЎǴ୯ҥᡏػᏢଣᡏػࣴز܌ǴѠчǶ

஭ܴ᜽Ȑ1991ȑǶ୯λζ௲ৣπբᓸΚπբᅈཀࡋᆶଏҶᄊࡋϐࣴزǶѠчǺࡹݯεᏢ

௲ػࣴز܌ᅺγፕЎȐ҂рހȑǶ

஭ࡾᑫȐ1991ȑǶ௲ػЈ౛ᏢɡΟϯڗӛޑ౛ፕᆶჴ፬ǶᆵчѱǺܿ๮Ƕ

஭ࡾᑫȐ1996ȑǶ౜жЈ౛ᏢǶᆵчѱǺܿ๮Ƕ

ଯߪ໢Ȑ1995ȑǶҶ໕ճ੻ΟӢનኳԄǶЊѦၯᏨࣴزǴ8Ȑ11ȑǴ15-28Ƕ

ำ΋҇Ȑ1996ȑǶ୯҇λᏢ௲ৣπբᓸΚᆶӢᔈБԄϐࣴزǶѠчǺѠчѱҥৣጄᏢଣ

Berg, E.C., Trost, M., Schneider, I.E., & Allison, M.T. (2001). Dyadic exploration ofthe relationship of leisure satisfaction, leisure time, and gender to relationship satisfaction.

Leisure Sciences, 23, 35-46.

Brown,J. (1984). Missouri teacher experience stress.(ERIC Document Reproductiom Service No.ED 253313.)

Borg, M. G., Riding, R. J., & Falzon, J. M. (1991). Stress in teaching: A study of occupation stress and its determinants, job satisfaction and career commitment among primary school teacher . Education Psychology, 11, 59-75.

Cecil, M. A., ȿ Forman, S. G. (1990). Effects of stress in oculation training and coworker support groups teachers' stress. Journal of School Psychology,28 ,105-118.

Coleman, D. (1993). Leisure based social support, leisure dispositions and health.

Journal of Leisure Research, 25(4), 350-361.

Davison, G. C. & Neale, J. M. (1990) . Abnormal psychology (5th ed) . New York: Wiley.

Dunn, J.Ȑ2004ȑ. Management of personnel: manpower management and organization behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill Publications.

Endler, N. S., & Magnusson, D. (1976) . Toward an Interaction Psychology of Personality.

Psychological Bulletin, 83, 956-974.

Henderson, K.A. & Ainsworth, B. (2001). Researching leisure and physical activity with women of color: Issues and emerging questions. Leisure Sciences, 23, 21-34.

Hipps,E.S.,& Halpin,G. Ȑ1992ȑ.The differences in teacher and principals’ general stress and stress related to performance-based accreditation ȐERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED353345ȑ

Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1980) . ” The social psychology of leisure and recreation”, Dubuque, Iowa:

Wm. C. Brown Company.

Kay, T. (2000). Leisure, gender and family: The influence of social policy. Leisure Studies, 19, 247-265.

Kelly, J. (1996) . Leisure. Needham Heughts, MA: A simon & Schuster company.

Kimberly, J.Ȑ2008ȑ. Determinants of Leisure Time Physical Activity Participation Among Latina Women. Leisure Sciences ,30Ȑ5ȑ, 429-447.

McCormick,J., ȿ Solman,R. (1992). Teachers’ Attribution of Responsibilit8 for

Occupational Stress and Satisfaction Ǻ An Organisational Perspective. Educational Studies, 182,201-222.

Neulinger, J. (1974). The psychology of leisure. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.

Pina, A. A. & Harris, B. R. (1993) . Increasing teachers’ confidence in using computers for

education. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No.ED365648.)

Ragheb, M. G., & Griffith, C. A. (1982) . ”The contribution of leisure participation and leisure.” Journal of Leisure Research, 14 (14) , 295-306.

Searle, M.Ȑ1985ȑ. Socioeconomic variations in perceived barriers to recreation participation among would-be participants. Leisure Sciences, 7, 227-249.

Warner-Smith, P. & Brown, P. (2002). “The town dictates what I do”: The leisure,

health and well-being of women in a small Australian country town. Leisure Studies, 21, 39-56.

ၮҔᅶਁ೷ቹᢀෳၮ୏঩Ј᠌

ᥦۗᒑ / ഋ҅ύ

୯ҥѠࠄεᏢ / ଯ໢ѱཱིఌ୯λ ᄔ ा

ᅶਁ೷ቹ(Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI)ӧࣴزύޑᔈҔ೴ᅌڙډख़ຎǶӢځߚ ߟΕ܄(non-invasive)ᆶଯࡋޑಔᙃჹКှ݋ࡋޑ੝܄ǴᔈҔܭᖏ׉ᙴᏢޑບᘐύǴё٬

ᙴᕍΓ঩మཱޑࣴղ஻ޣޑੰ௃ǹԶᅶਁ೷ቹόڀܫ৔ෞᚆᒟ৔ጕǴε൯ޑफ़եΑ஻ޣ ӧᔠෳၸำύวғཀѦޑ॥ᓀǶӧΓᜪѰЈ࠻፦ໆ΢ޑ௢ᆉǴᅶਁ೷ቹޑᆒዴ܄Ψၨ

٫ǶճҔᅶਁ೷ቹӭϪТȐՏȑ೷ቹޑ੝܄ǴёஒѰЈ࠻୔ϩࣁόӕ೽ՏуаෳໆǴК

ၨֽ೽܄ᄬ೷΢аϷԏᕭфૈ΢ޑৡ౦ǴჹܭΑှЈ᠌ಔᙃ༾ᢀޑᡂϯჹԏᕭфૈౢғ ޑቹៜǴԖࡐεޑᔅշǶ

ᜢᗖຒǺᅶᅶਁ೷ቹǵЈЈ᠌

൘ǵ߻ق

1973ԃ Lauterbur २ԛճҔᅶ൑ఊࡋ(gradient)ڗளቹႽǴMansfield ߾׳຾΋؁ஒణ ϩηӅਁޑૻဦᙯඤԋࣁёҔܭᙴᏢᖏ׉٬Ҕޑ೷ቹמೌǶԾԜаࡕǴᅶਁ೷ቹ

(Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI)ӧࣴزύޑᔈҔ೴ᅌڙډख़ຎǶӢځߚߟΕ܄

(non-invasive)ᆶଯࡋޑಔᙃჹКှ݋ࡋޑ੝܄ǴᔈҔܭᖏ׉ᙴᏢޑບᘐύǴЀځᔈҔӧ ೬ಔᙃޑᢀჸǴё٬ᙴᕍΓ঩మཱޑࣴղ஻ޣޑੰ௃ǹԶᅶਁ೷ቹόڀܫ৔ෞᚆᒟ৔

ጕǴჹ஻ޣᆶڙ၂ޣԶقǴε൯ޑफ़եΑᔠෳၸำύёૈวғཀѦޑ॥ᓀǶ୷ܭჹቹႽ ᙴᏢ΢ޑँઇᆶଅ᝘Ǵ٬ள΢ॊ 2 ՏᏢޣᕇள 2003 ԃᒍنᅟғ౛ϷᙴᏢዛǶх֖Α Lauterburᆶ MansfieldǴᅶਁ೷ቹ࣬ᜢሦୱޑࣴزޣǴς࿶ӧᒍنᅟނ౛ǵϯᏢаϷғ

౛ϷᙴᏢΟᜪዛ໨ύᕇዛѤԛ(ᒍنᅟ۔Бᆛઠ)Ǵىـځख़ा܄ǶԾ 1899 ԃว౜ၮ୏঩

Ј᠌ޥεޑ౜ຝԿϞǴၮ୏঩Ј᠌่ᄬᆶфૈޑᔠۓǴεӭаЈ᠌ຬॣݢឪቹ

(echocardiography)ჴࡼǶԶӧ Scharhag ฻(2003)ޑࣴز္ࡰрǴаόӕຬॣݢ՗ᆉϦԄǴ

ीᆉऐΚࠠၮ୏ᒧЋѰЈ࠻፦ໆǴځ่݀ৡ౦ࣗεǹԜѦӧ Devereux ฻(1986)ޑࣴز่

݀Ψว౜Ǵჴࡼόӕ௢՗ϦԄբीᆉǴᆶΓᡏჴሞѰЈ࠻ЈԼ፦ໆКၨǴ཮Ԗόӕำࡋ ޑᇤৡǴεऊ཮ౢғ 6%ډ 30%ޑଯ՗ǶࢂࡺǴᗨаຬॣݢឪቹෳۓၨࣁ࣪ਔᙁߡǴՠ

ࢂჹܭΓᜪѰЈ࠻፦ໆ΢ޑ௢ᆉǴаᅶਁ೷ቹޑᆒዴ܄ၨ٫(MacDonald ฻, 2005)ǶΨӢ ࣁᅶਁ೷ቹૈჹᢀෳ೽Տ຾ՉӭϪТȐՏȑ೷ቹ(multi-slice imaing)ޑ௟ඔǴ٬ளࣴزޣ

ૈჹЈ᠌຾ՉΟᆢޜ໔ޑᢀෳǴ٠ଞჹόӕ೽ՏޑᡂϯуаᢀჸǶԜѦǴҗܭ߈ԃٰ࣬

ᜢᢀෳמೌޑࣴวᆶ຾؁ǴMRI ᗋૈଞჹЈ࠻Ꮫᔈᡂ౗(strain rate)ޑᡂϯǵӼᓉ܈ၮ୏

ਔՈࢬ(blood flow)ޑׯᡂǹаϷၮ୏૽ግჹЈԼಔᙃӆϩѲ(myocardium distribution)ޑ ቹៜуаᢀෳǴёаΑှаၮ୏૽ግբࣁڈᐟਔǴЈ᠌ख़༟(myocardium remodeling)ਔ

่ᄬ΢ၨಒ༾ޑᡂϯǶ܌аǴၮҔᅶਁ೷ቹᢀෳၮ୏঩Ј᠌Ǵό໻ࢂӧᢀჸၮ୏૽ግ೷

ԋЈ᠌่ᄬޑᡂϯаϷ৔Ոфૈ΢ޑගϲǴځӧֽ೽܄аϷಒ༾ೀޑᢀෳǴ׳ૈమཱᇥ

ܴၮ୏঩Ј᠌׎ԋޑᐒᙯаϷՔᒿวғޑфૈׯᡂǶ ມǵаᅶਁ೷ቹᢀෳЈ᠌

ᅶਁ೷ቹሺЬाࢂҗ΋ঁߚதமεޑᅶ៓ᆶኧঁጕ୮܌ಔԋޑமᅶ൑Ƕ೷ቹਔǴᡏ ϣಔᙃޑ፦ηᅶ୏ໆ(proton magnetic moment)ӧᕓ໔཮ݮ๱ᅶ൑БӛԶࡌҥ዗ѳᑽ (thermal equilibrium)Ƕฅࡕҗځύ΋ঁጕ୮ว৔рૈᆶ၀ᅶ൑ౢғӅਁޑႝᅶݢǴԶԜ

ႝᅶݢҗيᡏ܌֎ԏǴ຾Զઇᚯᡏϣ዗ѳᑽǶ྽ႝᅶݢଶЗϐࡕǴᡏϣಔᙃޑ፦ηᅶ୏

ໆᙖҗញрԜӭᎩޑૈໆǴԶࡠൺډচٰޑ዗ѳᑽǴԜࡠൺၸำ(ҭᆀȨԾҗགᔈ૰ଏȩǴ free induction decay)ύǴ߾٩ಔᙃύ፦ηᕉნόӕԶԖόӕޑࡠൺਔ໔(recovery time)Ǵ ᅶਁ೷ቹΏࢂճҔԜ΋੝ᗺǴϩᒣಔᙃ໔ߞဦޑৡ౦܄ǶԶಔᙃϣޑߞဦৡ౦ёа୔ϩ ࣁΟঁୖኧǴջ፦ηϩթஏࡋǵT1/T2 ᒨ጗ਔ໔Ƕ܌аӧᖏ׉٬ҔਔǴߡёкϩճҔ۶ Ԝϐ໔ޑৡ౦ǴԶว৖рӚኬޑݢׇ(pulse sequence)Ǵаճᢀჸ׳ӭಔᙃ໔੝܄Ƕᅶਁ

೷ቹૈճҔΟঁόӕБӛϐᅶ൑ఊࡋጕ୮ٰբᐉӛ(axial plane)ǵ߷ރ(coronal plane )ǵ Ҡރ(sagittal plane)य़ޑΟࡋޜ໔೷ቹǶԿܭӧቹႽख़ಔ(image reconstruction)ၸำ΢Ǵ MRIࢂճҔఊࡋጕ୮Ӄբᓎ౗ᆶ࣬Տ(phase)ጓዸ(encoding)ޑπբǴа،ۓቹႽ߻ࡕѰ ѓБӛǴӆճҔഡҥယᙯඤ(Fourier transform)ޑኧᏢᄽᆉǴӆаቹႽख़ಔԶԋǶ

ճҔᅶਁ೷ቹჹЈ᠌຾ՉӭϪТȐՏȑ೷ቹޑ௟ᅲǴૈჹЈ᠌຾ՉҥᡏᢀෳǴځྗ

ዴ܄ଯၲ.996(Slawson, Roman, Williams, ȿ Koretsky, 1998)Ƕ٠ёஒЈ᠌ၮբޑ୏ᄊ௃

׎ǴᘏڗԋࣁೱុޑᓉᄊቹႽȐӵკ΋ȑǴаߡܭࣴزޣ኱ۓЈ࠻ᏛޑՏ࿼Ǵ຾Չ่ᄬ ᆶфૈኧᏵޑᄽᆉǶҭёճҔԜᓉᄊቹႽǴפрЈ๤/ᕭ҃ය໘ࢤǴჹЈ᠌Ӛ೽Տ่ᄬ຾

Չᕵӛ୔႖ࣁ߻Ꮫ(anterior wall)ǵࡕᏛ(posterior wall)ǵύᆰᏛ(septum wall)ȐӵკΒȑǴ

܈຾Չᐉӛ୔႖ࣁЈӾ(apical)ǵЈύ(middle)܈ࢂЈ୷(basal)฻೽ՏǴ٠уаКၨϩ݋Ƕ Bogaertᆶ Rademakers(2001)ճҔᅶਁ೷ቹа΢ॊБݤǴჹ 87 Տ٠҂ᑡ஻ЈՈᆅ࣬ᜢ੯

ੰޑԋԃت܄຾ՉࣴزǴ่݀ว౜҅தѰЈ࠻๤஭҃යਔǴ߻ᏛԔ౗ (curvature) ၨλǴ ࠆࡋΨၨᖓǴԶࡕᏛԔ౗ၨεЪࠆࡋၨࠆǴӧᕵӛࠆࡋКၨ΢ǴЈ୷ၨࠆǴԶຫӛЈӾǴ

߾և౜ၨᖓޑᖿ༈Ǵ೭ኬޑ่݀ᇥܴǴѰЈ࠻ޑ൳Ֆ่ᄬ٠ߚ΋૓ε౲ӑຝύ֡ϬЪჹ ᆀޑᐍ༝ޜЈౚᡏǴΨᆶຬॣݢឪቹϦԄଷ೛ัԖрΕǶӧ৔Ոфૈޑຑ՗΢Ǵ࿶ Koch, Poll, Godenhardt, Korbmacher, ᆶ Modder(2000)ࣴز่݀᛾ჴǴаᅶਁ೷ቹຑ՗Ј᠌৔Ո фૈޑྗዴ܄ଯၲ.99 а΢ǴڀԖଯࡋྗዴ܄Ϸё᎞܄Ǵ೚ӭቹႽᙴᏢሺᏔǴፏӵႝတ ᘐቫ௟ඔ܈ࢂຬॣݢឪቹޑߚߟΕ܄ΓᡏჴᡍύǴΨаᅶਁ೷ቹᢀෳ܌ޑኧᏵբࣁႣෳ

኱ޑ(Koch ฻, 2004; Scharhage ฻, 2003)Ƕ

კ΋ аᅶਁ೷ቹᢀෳ΋૓଼நت܄ѰЈ࠻ǴൂԛЈཛύൂ΋ϪТ(slice)ޑೱុᓉᄊቹ ႽǶPhase7 ࣁЈᕭ҃යǴPhase20 ࣁЈ๤҃යǶԜϪТ೽ՏऊӧЈύௗ߈Ј୷ೀǶ

კΒ ஒЈ๤҃යѰЈ࠻Ꮫᐉӛ୔႖ࣁ߻Ꮫ(A)ǵࡕᏛ(P)аϷύᆰᏛ(S)฻೽ՏǶ ᅶਁ೷ቹ௟ඔᔠࢗࢂ΋ᅿӧமᅶ൑ύ຾Չޑ੝ਸᔠࢗǴڀଯᆒዴࡋϷคᒟ৔ϐ੝

܄ǴჹΓᡏคόؼቹៜǶᗨฅᅶਁ೷ቹфૈமεǴᢀෳӄय़ǴՠࢂϝԖځज़ڋǶ΃૓Զ قǴڀԖаΠ܌௶ॊ௃׎ޣǴόەჴࡼᅶਁ೷ቹ௟ඔǺ

Υး࿼Ј౗ፓ࿯ᏔޣǴමௗڙՈᆅЋೌ(੮ԖЗՈ֨)ޣϷමௗڙΓπЈ᠌ᛐጢ࿼ඤ ЋೌޣǵමௗڙЋೌ(௦ҔЗՈ֨ǴճҔᒳํᕳӝ܈ᒳТǵখଝڰۓ)ޣǵමး࿼Γπᜢ

࿯ǵΓπԸጻǵIVC filterǵSwan-Ganz Ꮴᆅǵી৞નᡏϣݙ৔ᏔǵᡏϣႝཱུǵڈᐟᏔǵ ઓ࿶ڈᐟᏔǵ෌Εϐᛰނݙ৔ᏔޣǵමᎁڙѦ໾܈ઍቸ໾(ᚶᅪᡏϣ܈౳౴ϣ੮ӧූᎩ ߎឦ࿗Т܈ቸТ)ޣǴόەௗڙҁᔠࢗǴ٠ݙཀϮ຾Εᔠࢗ࠻ǴаխӢࣁߎឦ෌Εނ(ූ

੮ނ)Ӣமᅶ൑֎ЇԶ०рᡏѦǴ೷ԋӒᓀǶ

ᔠࢗ߻Ѹ໪ඤऀᔠࢗՊǴ٠ڗΠي΢ଛᔎϐ܌ԖߎឦނࠔǴٯӵǺࢲ୏ଷУǵ໨ᗗǵ ԸᕉǵᎳ֨ǵձଞǵיࡰǵૅ࿽ǵᔇകǵߎឦ່ԌǵԖ܎ᗗޑՊܺǵЋᒮᢄ୒ǵဈ஥฻Ǵ аխቹៜᔠ่ࢗ݀ǶԜѦǴගීьǵߞҔьǵႝ၉ь฻ҭόەឫΕᔠࢗ࠻ϣǴаխ੃Ѩ фૈǶ

ڙ၂ය໔ᔈፎڙ၂ޣᏃໆߥ࡭ᛙۓޑ௃ᆣǵڥ֎ރᄊᆶᡏ࠮Ǵ٠ග߻֋ޕڙ၂ޣǴ ऩว౜Ԗό፾௃ݩวғǴӵૅ඀ǵૅภǵᓐཀྵҞ੾ǵటჍǵཱུࡋ॰࡙ǵڥ֎֚ᜤ฻Ǵᔈ ҥջ֋ޕࡼෳޣ٠ଶЗෳᡍǶ

ୖǵаᅶਁ೷ቹᢀෳၮ୏঩ѰЈ࠻

ၮ୏঩ௗڙߏයޑၮ୏૽ግǴ཮ᏤठЈ᠌่ᄬ፾ᔈ܄܈жᓭ܄ޑׯᡂǴЪӧόӕᜪ

ࠠޑၮ୏঩ǴౢғόӕᜪࠠޑЈ᠌ޥεǶऐΚࠠᒧЋࣁЈ᠌ᘉεǴ܈ᆀᚆЈ܄ޥε Ȑeccentric hypertrophyȑǴځ੝ቻࣁЈ๤҃යϣ৩аϷ৒ᑈቚуǴѰЈ࠻ᏛΨԋКٯቚ ࠆǹߔΚࠠᒧЋࣁЈ᠌ޥεǴҭᆀӛЈ܄ޥεȐconcentric hypertrophyȑǴځ੝ቻࣁѰЈ

࠻ᏛܴᡉቚࠆǴՠࢂЈ๤҃යϣ৩аϷ৒ᑈቚу٠҂ܴᡉቚуǶନΑ่ᄬวғᡂϯϐ ѦǴЈ᠌৔ՈфૈΨගܹǴӼᓉਔ؂ၢᒡрໆ(stroke volume, SV)ቚуǴՠЈᒡрໆ

(cardiac output,CO)٠҂ቚуޑ௃׎ΠǴЈၢ౗(heart rate, HR)Πफ़ǴԜރݩᆀࣁၮ୏৪

ે(bradycardia)ǴฅԶӧനεၮ୏ਔǴCO ε൯ޑቚуǴૈЍኖيᡏ຾Չமࡋ׳εޑࢲ୏Ǵ

׳ૈ৖౜рၮ୏঩Ј᠌ޑᓬ༈ǶԜѦǴ೭ኬޑ፾ᔈၸำύΨՔᒿ๱Ոᆅᆙ஭ન-II (angiotension-II, Ang-II)ᆶϣҜન-1(endothelin-1 ,ET-1)฻ᐟનϩݜޑׯᡂǴԶ೭٤ᐟનૈ

ჹܭЈ᠌ԏᕭфૈගٮ҅ӛޑගϲǴԖշܭЈ᠌৔Ոਏ౗ޑගϲǶаΠ૟ஒаᅶਁ೷ቹ ᢀෳၮ୏঩ѰЈ࠻ޑ࣬ᜢࣴزբ᏾౛ᇥܴǶ

΋ǵ่ᄬϷ৔Ոфૈ

Zandrino฻(2000)ჹ 12 Ӝ࿶ଯࡋ૽ግޑӊಭᒧЋᔠෳځЈ᠌фૈǴ่݀ӧЈ๤҃ය

৒ᑈǵ؂ཛᒡрໆ֡ᡉ๱ᓬܭ҂࿶ၮ୏૽ግޑჹྣಔǴՠࢂЈᒡрໆ٠ؒԖৡ౦Ƕ೷ԋ Ԝ໨่݀ޑচӢᔈࢂӧߚၮ୏ރᄊΠǴၮ୏ᒧЋᆶᡏࠠௗ߈ޑ΋૓ΓǴࢲ୏ਔ܌઻ૈໆ ᆶ܌ሡ਼਻ໆ࣬߈܌ᏤठǹԶߚၮ୏঩ӧอය૽ግࡕǴᗨฅӼᓉਔЈ᠌фૈ٠҂ׯᡂǴ ՠࢂӧ୏ᄊෳᡍύǴ࣬ӕமࡋၮ୏ਔǴ؂ၢᒡрໆаϷЈ๤҃ය৒ᑈቚуǵЈၢ౗फ़ե (Goodman, Liu, & Green, 2005)Ǵ೭ኬޑ่݀ёаᇥܴӧၮ୏ਔၨૈ߄౜рၮ୏঩Ј᠌৔

Ոфૈᓬຫޑ੝܄Ƕ

Scharhage฻(2002)ჹ 21 Ӝت܄ऐΚၮ୏঩ࡼෳǴ٠ᆶ௓ڋಔჹྣǴ่݀ӧѰ/ѓЈ

࠻፦ໆȐѰǺ200±20 vs. 148±17gǹѓǺ77±10 vs. 56±8gȑǵѰ/ѓЈ࠻Ј๤҃ය৒ᑈȐѰǺ 167±28 vs. 125±16mlǹѓǺ160±26 vs. 128±10mlȑǵѰ/ѓЈ࠻؂ཛᒡрໆȐѰǺ99±18 vs.

74±11mlǹѓǺ102±18 vs. 79±8mlȑᆶ௓ڋಔԖᡉ๱ৡ౦ǴѰ/ѓЈ࠻৔Ոϩ౗ȐѰǺ59±3 vs. 59±6%ǹѓǺ63±3 vs. 62±3%ȑ߾คᡉ๱ৡ౦Ǵࣴزޣ٠ࡰрǴऐΚၮ୏૽ግჹܭѰ ѓЈ࠻ޑᒡрфૈԖ࣬՟ำࡋޑගϲǴ٠٩ᏵԜ໨่݀ᇥܴၮ୏঩Ј᠌ࢂ΋ᅿࠠᄊ΢а Ϸᐒૈ΢֡ᑽᘉεϷගϲޑ௃׎Ƕ

Gyimes, Pavlik, ᆶ Simor(2004)ϩձᢀෳߔǵऐΚࠠၮ୏঩Ј᠌Ǵ่݀ࡰрऐΚࠠၮ

୏঩ӧ࣬ჹѰЈ࠻፦ໆ(71.0±9.2 vs. 57.4±15.7g/m³)ǵ࣬ჹѰЈ࠻ϣ৩(42.3±1.0 vs.

40.1±2.5mm/m)ࣣܴᡉଯܭߔΚࠠၮ୏঩ǴԶ࣬ჹѰЈ࠻Ꮫࠆࡋ(9.37±1.0 vs.

8.37±1.8mm/m)ᗨଯܭߔΚࠠၮ୏঩Ǵՠಔ໔ৡ౦҂ၲᡉ๱НྗǶऐΚࠠၮ୏঩ӧ࣬ჹ ѰЈ࠻Ј๤҃ය৒ᑈ(69.5±6.7 vs. 59.9±8.2 vs. 53.6±3.7 ml/m³)ǵ࣬ჹ؂ཛᒡрໆ(41.0±5.7 vs. 32.6±6.9 vs. 32.0±3.2ml/m³)ܴ֡ᡉଯܭߔΚಔаϷჹྣಔǴࣴزޣᏵԜ௢ፕமਗ਼ޑՈ ࢬ୏ΚჹѰЈ࠻ޑፂᔐᔈࢂҗܭߏයଯமࡋऐΚ૽ግ೷ԋǹଯமࡋߔΚ૽ግ҂Ѹૈᇨว

ၨܴᡉޑЈԼޥࠆǶ

ഋ҅ύ(2006)ჹ 6 Տଯύتғ຾Չ 16 ຼǴ؂ຼ 4 ԛǴமࡋӧ 85ʝɴ95ʝനεЈၢ

౗ޑ໔ྂາ؁૽ግϐࡕǴ่݀ࡰр૽ግ߻ࡕѰЈ࠻፦ໆࡰኧ(65.7±4.1 vs.74.1±8.3g/m²)ǵ ѰЈ࠻߻Ꮫ(7.3±0.4 vs. 8.2±0.5mm/m²)ǵࡕᏛ(8.2±0.7 vs.9.4±0.9 mm/m²)аϷύ႖Ꮫ (6.9±0.5 vs.7.7±0.6 mm/m²)ࠆࡋ֡Ԗᡉ๱ৡ౦ǶЈ๤/Јᕭ҃ය৒ᑈ(79.9±9.2 vs. 82.7±7.4 / 34.2±4.7 vs. 35.5±7.8 ml/m²)ǵ؂ၢᒡрໆ(45.7±6.5 vs. 47.2±4.1 ml/m²)ǵЈᒡрໆ

(2109.0±300.2ᆶ 2215.8±275.8 ml/min/m²)ǵ৔Ոϩ౗(57.2±3.7ʘᆶ 57.4±6.2ʘ)฻৔Ոፏ

ୖኧ֡คᡉ๱ৡ౦ǴᡉҢӧ૽ግ߃යǴӼᓉਔЈ᠌่ᄬޑׯᡂёૈԐܭ৔ՈфૈޑගϲǶ ΒǵЈԼಔᙃӆϩѲ(myocardium distribution)

வ߻ᇡࣁၮ୏঩Ј᠌৔Ոфૈၨ٫ޑচ౛Ǵ֡ਥᏵ Frank-Starling ᐒᙯуаှញǴ ҭջЈ࠻ӧ๤஭යࢬΕޑᓉેՈࢬǴᒡ஭ਔߡ௨р࣬฻৒ᑈՈనǹՠࢂӧၮ୏૽ግය໔ ಔᙃሡ਼ໆε൯ගϲǴ܌аЈ᠌Ѹ໪মଌрКѳதӭޑՈనໆаᅈىᐒᡏሡ؃ǴவԶ٬

ᓉેՈనӣࢬໆΨჹ฻ቚуǹЈ࠻ӧ๤஭යࢬΕၨӭޑᓉેՈࢬǴӢࣁՈనڀόёᓸᕭ ޑ੝܄ǴࡺၨӭޑᓉેՈనࢬΕᏤठЈ࠻৒ᑈቚуǴ຾Զ٬ЈԼԼ࿯ั༾܎ߏǴቚуԼ Ժቸ܄ՏૈǴԖճܭЈԼԏᕭǴගϲ৔Ոਏ౗ǶЈ࠻ᏛԼԺёಒϩԋЈѦጢ(epicardium)ǵ

ЈԼ(myocardium)аϷЈϣጢ(endocardium)฻Οቫ่ᄬǶӧ Natali ฻(2002)ޑࣴز္ว

౜Ǵ྽εႵЈ᠌วғၮ୏܄ޥε௃׎ਔǴЈѦጢᆶЈϣጢЈԼಒझߏࡋᗨฅؒԖܴᡉᡂ ϯǴՠࢂЈԼಒझቨࡋᆶࠆࡋ֡ԖܴᡉᡂϯǴԶЪаЈϣጢЈԼಒझޑᡂ౦ၨεǹ೭ኬ ޑ่݀߄ҢǴၮ୏܄ЈԼख़༟(remodeling)ޑ௃׎ǴࢂаЈϣጢቚуࣁЬǶՠӧΓᡏ຾Չ ೭ኬޑߟΕ܄၂ᡍ٠ό࡞྽ǴԶճҔᅶਁ೷ቹёаӧߚߟΕޑ௃ݩΠǴϩ݋рԜΟቫ่

ᄬӚԾޑޥࠆރᄊǴගٮࣴزޣ຾Չ຾΋؁ޑࣴزǶӧࢫࡌሺ(2004)ޑࣴز္ว౜Ǵၮ

୏঩ЈԼӆϩѲޑ௃׎ǴࢂаЈϣጢᆶЈѦጢКٯቚуࣁЬǴࣴزޣ٠ᇡࣁऐΚၮ୏঩

ѰЈ࠻๤஭фૈޑගϲǴΏࢂᙖҗזೲ༤кය(rapid filling period)ਔ໔ޑᕭอǴ٬Ոనӣ ༤ೲࡋቚуǴගϲ๤஭фૈǶࣴزޣ٠຾΋؁௢ፕЈ᠌໩ᔈၮ୏ڈᐟ܌ౢғޑᡂϯǴЬ

ाӧܭቚуڬൎᕉރᠼᆢǴёૈᙖԜගϲቸ܄ՏૈǴаճԏᕭයЈԼᠼᆢफ़եԏᕭΚᆶ

੃઻ၨϿૈໆǴ຾Զගϲԏᕭਏ౗Ƕ

စǵ่ᇟ

ၮ୏঩Ј᠌ޑࣴزᒿ๱ᢀෳሺᏔᆶמೌޑᄽ຾Ǵς࿶όӆࢂൂપޑᢀჸၮ୏૽ግ೷

ԋЈ᠌่ᄬޑѮᢀᡂϯǴаϷфૈ΢ޑගϲǶᅶਁ೷ቹၮҔӧΓᡏࣴز္ǴόՠڀԖߚ ߟΕ܄ᆶှ݋ࡋଯޑᓬᗺǴځଞჹЈ᠌่ᄬᆶфૈޑᢀჸ่݀ǴڀԖ׳ଯޑྗዴ܄ᆶё

᎞܄ǶճҔᅶਁ೷ቹӭϪТȐՏȑ೷ቹޑ੝܄ǴёஒѰЈ࠻୔ϩࣁόӕ೽ՏуаෳໆǴ Кၨֽ೽܄ᄬ೷΢аϷԏᕭфૈ΢ޑৡ౦ǹ׳ૈಒ༾ӦஒѰЈ࠻ᏛЈѦጢǵЈԼᆶЈϣ ጢ໔Ӣၮ୏૽ግౢғόӕำࡋޑޥࠆރᄊǴᆶ࣬ᜢޑԏᕭфૈׯᡂǴբుΕޑᢀෳǴΑ

ှЈ᠌ಔᙃ༾ᢀޑᡂϯჹԏᕭфૈౢғޑቹៜǶճҔᅶਁ೷ቹᢀෳ΢ޑӄय़܄аϷࣴز

΢ޑӭኬ܄Ǵё٬ၮ୏঩Ј᠌ޑ࣬ᜢࣴز׳ుΕ׳ಒ༾ǴԖշܭ຾΋؁Αှၮ୏঩Ј᠌

׎ԋޑᐒᙯǶ

ୖԵЎ᝘

ࢫࡌሺ(2004)Ƕаᅶਁ೷ቹᢀෳߔǵऐΚࠠၮ୏঩Ј᠌ܭЈԼಔᙃ่ᄬϷЈ᠌ࢷՈфૈ

ϐࣴزǶ҂рހᅺγፕЎǴࡀܿѱǴ୯ҥࡀܿৣጄᏢଣǶ

ഋ҅ύ(2006)Ƕ໔ྂၮ୏૽ግჹЈ᠌ख़༟ቹៜϐࣴزǶ҂рހᅺγፕЎǴࡀܿѱǴ୯ҥ ࡀܿ௲ػεᏢǶ

ᒍنᅟዛ۔БᆛઠǺhttp://nobelprize.org/index.html

Bogaert, J., ȿ Rademakers, F.E. (2001). Regional nonuniformity of normal adult human left ventricle. American journal of physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 280(2), H610-620.

Goodman, J.M., Liu, P.P. & Green, H.J. (2005). Left ventricular adaptations following short-term endurance training Journal of Applied Physiology. 98: 454-460.

Gyimes, Z., Pavlik, G., ȿ Simor, T.Ȑ2004ȑ.Morphological and functional differences in cardiac parameters between power and endurance athletes: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Acta physiologica Hungarica, 91(1), 49-57.

Hunter, P., & Arts, T. (1997). Tissue remodelling with micro-structurally based material laws.

In S. Sideman & R. Beyar (Eds.), Analytical and Quantitative Cardiology (pp. 215-225).

New York:Plenum.

Koch, K., Oellig, F., Kunz, P., Bender, P., Oberholzer, K., ȿ Mildenberger, P., et al. (2004).

Assessment of global and regional left ventricular function with a 16-slice spiral-CT using two different software tools for quantitative functional analysis and qualitative evaluation of wall motion changes in comparison with magnetic resonance imaging.

RöFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Röntgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin, 176(12), 1786-1793.

Koch, J.A., Poll, L.W., Godehardt, E., Korbmacher, B., ȿ Modder, U. (2000). Right and left ventricular volume measurements in an animal heart model in vitro: first experiences with cardiac MRI at 1.0 T. European radiology, 10(3):455-458.

Lauterbur, P.C. (1973). Nature, 242, 190.

MacDonald, K. A., Kittleson, M. D., Reed, T., Larson, R., Kass, P., ȿ Wisner, E. R. (2005).

Quantification of left ventricular mass using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

compared with echocardiography in domestic cats. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : The Official Journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the

International Veterinary Radiology Association, 46(3), 192-199.

Natali, A. J., Wilson, L. A., Peckham, M., Turner, D. L., Harrison, S. M., & White, E. (2002).

Different regional effects of voluntary exercise on the mechanical and electrical properties of rat ventricular myocytes. Journal of Physiology, 541(3), 863-875.

Scharhag, J., Schneider, G., Urhausen, A., Rochette, V., Kramann, B., ȿ Kindermann, W.

(2002). Athlete's heart: Right and left ventricular mass and function in male endurance athletes and untrained individuals determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 40(10), 1856-1863.

Scharhag, J., Urhausen, A., Schneider, G., Rochette, V., Kramann, B., ȿ Kindermann, W.

(2003). Left ventricular mass in endurance-athletes with athlete's heart and untrained subjects--comparison between different echocardiographic methods and MRI. Zeitschrift für Kardiologie, 92(4), 309-318.

Slawson, S.E., Roman, B.B., Williams, D.S., ȿ Koretsky, A.P. Cardiac MRI of the normal and hypertrophied mouse heart. (1998). Magnetic resonance in medicine, 39(6),

980-987.

Zandrino, F., Molinari, G., Smeraldi, A., Odaglia, G., Masperone, M.A., ȿ Sardanelli, F.

(2000). Magnetic resonance imaging of athlete's heart: myocardial mass, left ventricular function, and cross-sectional area of the coronary arteries. European radiology, 10(2), 319-325.

Ѡ᡼ൂًၮ୏ངӳޣၮ୏໾্౜ݩϐ௖૸

݅։ࠔ ୯ҥᆵ᡼ৣጄεᏢ

ᄔ ा

߈ԃٰѠ᡼Ӧ୔ൂًҶ໕ࢲ୏ጩࣁ॥ዊǴӦБൂًᢀӀޑᑫଆΨ஥୏Αၮ୏Ҷ໕ౢ

཰ϐว৖ᖿ༈ǶᏃᆅǴҶ໕܄ൂًၮ୏ޑமࡋόଯǴՠԜၮ୏໨Ҟౢғޑ໾্К౗Вᖿ ᚹଯǴѠ᡼ൂًԝΫ౗ࣗԿӜӈӄౚЬाӃ຾୯ৎಃΟӜ ( ׵࠮ችǴ2009 )ǶჹԜǴ୯ ϣൂًҶ໕ၯᏨሦୱϐ࣬ᜢࣴزύǴεӭଞჹൂًҶ໕ᢀӀϷਓၯǵൂًҶ໕ߔᛖᆶୖ

ᆶՉࣁǵൂًًၰࡌ೛฻຾ՉࣴزǴၨϿଞჹ᚛४ൂًౢғၮ୏໾্ϐቹៜуа௖૸Ƕ Ԗ᠙ܭԜǴҁࣴزஒ೸ၸЎ᝘௖૸ޑБԄǴΑှൂًၮ୏ངӳޣதـޑၮ୏໾্Ԗব ٤Ǵ٠௖૸ځЇଆၮ୏໾্ޑচӢࣁՖǴ຾Զගрࡌ᝼׆Ꮗૈ୼फ़եൂًၮ୏ངӳޣว ғၮ୏໾্ޑ॥ᓀǶࣴز่݀ว౜Ǵ᚛४ൂًਔதـޑၮ୏໾্ϷځԋӢԖǺ1.ӢཀѦ

܈ၮ୏ౢғޑ໾্Ƕ2.٩೽Տϩࣁ΢ަ໾্ᆶΠަ໾্Ƕ3.٩ၮ୏߄౜ၸࡋᏤठԼԺ܎

໾ᆶઓ࿶໾্ǶԶ᚛४ޣё೸ၸୖᆶϷΑှًᅿࢎᄬǵ᚛४࠮༈ǵӼӄೕጄǵٛៈးഢ

ཷۺǵٛៈᢀۺޑख़ຎکԼΚᆶԼऐΚ૽ግޑᇡ᛽Ǵफ़եၮ୏໾্ޑౢғǶ ᜢᗖຒǺൂൂًǵၮ୏໾্ǵٛៈᢀۺǵԼΚ૽ግ

൘ǵ߻ق

ԾȨՉࡹଣᡏہ཮ȩᑈཱུࡌ೛ೕჄӄѠၮ୏Ҷ໕ൂًًၰǵ௢৖ӦБ่ӝൂًࢲ୏

ᢀӀ฻ว৖ᖿ༈Ǵ٬ୖᆶൂًࢲ୏ޑΓα೴ᅌᚹϲǴਥᏵൂً᚛γڐ཮಍ीǴϞԃୖᆶ

ൂًࢲ୏Γαၲ 52 ࿤ΓԛǴКѐԃԋߏٿԋ ( ᇳඁဂǴ2009 ) ; Զፁғ࿿୯଼҇நֽ

ޑፓࢗࡰрǺຬၸъኧޑѠ᡼ΓѳதԖၮ୏ಞᄍǴځύǴൂًၮ୏ΓαԿϿ 95 ࿤Γ ( ഋ మޱǴ2009 )Ƕ җԜёޕǴൂًၮ୏Ҟ߻ςࢂ୯ΓၨதୖᆶޑҶ໕ၮ୏໨Ҟϐ΃Ƕ

Ҷ໕܄ޑൂًၮ୏மࡋᗨฅόଯǴՠᒿ๱ൂًངӳޣВᖿቚуǴځౢғޑၮ୏໾্

ޑΓαኧΨ೴ᅌᚹϲǹਥᏵ᝾ࡹ࿿಍ीǴ2003 Կ 2006 ԃය໔ǴѠ᡼Ӧ୔วғᆶൂً࣬

ᜢޑҬ೯٣ࡺǴ೷ԋ 664 ΓԝΫǵ2 ࿤ 7 ίӭΓڙ໾ ( ໳ඩะǵቅΚϘǴ2007 )Ƕ ׵࠮

ችȐ2009ȑҭࡰрǴҞ߻Ѡ᡼ൂًԝΫ౗ςӜӈӄౚЬाӃ຾୯ৎಃΟӜǶ

ฅԶǴ୯ϣൂًҶ໕ၯᏨሦୱϐ࣬ᜢࣴزύǴεӭଞჹൂًҶ໕ᢀӀϷਓၯǵൂً

Ҷ໕ߔᛖᆶୖᆶՉࣁǵൂًًၰࡌ೛฻຾Չ௖૸ǴၨϿଞჹ᚛४ൂًౢғၮ୏໾্ϐቹ ៜуа௖૸ǶԖ᠙ܭԜǴҁࣴزஒ೸ၸЎ᝘௖૸ޑБԄǴΑှൂًၮ୏ངӳޣதـޑၮ

୏໾্Ԗব٤Ǵ٠௖૸ځЇଆၮ୏໾্ޑচӢࣁՖǴ຾Զගрࡌ᝼а෧եൂًၮ୏ངӳ ޣวғၮ୏໾্ޑ॥ᓀǶ

ມǵൂًၮ୏ངӳޣதـޑၮ୏໾্

Dettori & Noruell (2006)ࡰрǴൂً࣬ᜢ܄ߚѦΚ໾্ᓎ౗ӧܭཀѦᆶࢬՉ܄ǹځၮ

୏໾্ᓎ౗วғ೽ՏӧܭጣᇂǵᓍᆶުᆮǵЋ๙ᆶЋǵᖊ೽ǵ཮഍೽ǵङ೽ǵᆲϐ΢೽

ᆶΠ೽ǶԶ Kennedy (2008)ҭࡰрൂً࣬ᜢޑڙ໾٣ҹεӭϩࣁٿᜪǺ΋ࢂ࡚܄ޑيᡏ ബ໾ǹќ΋ࢂߏයၸࡋ٬Ҕޑ่݀Ƕεӭኧว౜ڙ໾ޑ೽Տࣁ΢ަǵΠަǵᓐǵᖍǵဎ

೽Ϸૅ೽Ƕ૟ஒൂًதـޑၮ୏໾্᏾౛ӵȨ߄΋ȩ܌ҢǺ

߄΋ ൂًதـၮ୏໾্

ၗ਑ٰྍ ԃж ൂًதـၮ୏໾্

Dettori &

Noruell 2006

ൂً࣬ᜢ܄ߚѦΚ໾্ᓎ౗ӧܭཀѦᆶࢬՉ܄ǹځၮ୏ Kennedy 2008

ൂً࣬ᜢޑڙ໾٣ҹεӭϩࣁٿᜪǺ΋ࢂ࡚܄ޑيᡏബ

ቅᝬے 2007

݅҅த 2002

΋ǵ๱ख़᚛४ൂًޑ୷ҁ࠮༈Ǻ

ၮ୏໾্ޑౢғǴӭܭ᚛४ޣҁي۹ౣᔠࢗ০ශᆶЋעՏ࿼Ǵаठيᡏၸࡋ߻໼Զ ቚуЋ๙ᓸΚౢғǴЇว๙೽๙ᒾၰੱংဂޑ໾্Ϸظ೽Ћ՜Լဂ܎໾໾্ǹًීЁκ ό྽ᒧ᏷Ǵ৒ܰЇวᒱᇤ᚛४ޑ࠮༈ౢғǴᏤठᆲ೽ࡕԼဂޑ܎໾Ϸεᆲϣୁᑃ໾Ǵࣗ

Կጣᜢ࿯Ӣख़ፄ܄៻Ԕа௢୏፯݈ၸࡋǴ೷ԋ㗩ဇݹǹၮ୏߻ཪيޑόىᆶߏਔ໔ޑ᚛

४Ǵ৒ܰӢࣁԼԺᆙᕲౢғΠङภǶᡉ๱ၮ୏໾্ᆶ࠮༈ό྽ౢғ࣬ϕޑቹៜࣗεǴᔈ уமख़ຎ࠹ᏤǴᏢಞ᚛४ൂً୷ҁޑ࠮༈ǵ֤პ܈Ћע฻࣬ᜢًᡏࢎᄬޑፓ࿯а෧ե໾

্ޑวғǶ

Βǵᕕှൂً᚛४ޑҬ೯ೕ߾Ǻ

ᗨฅҶ໕ߔᛖ΢ၨதـޑԖൂًًၰ೛ीӢڙӦБೕჄज़ڋǴߦ٬ΓًӅၰǴࣗԿ کᐒǵًؓ࣬ݾၰၡ٬ҔԶౢғཀѦ໾্ᓎ໺ǶՠཀѦ໾্ޑวғǴЬӢӭࣁൂً᚛γ όᒥӺҬ೯ೕ߾܈ᕉნӢન ( ӵǺࡼπ…฻Ӣન ) ܌೷ԋǶჹܭ዗ངКᖻၸำޑൂً

ၮ୏ངӳޣԶقǴୖᆶၮ୏Զวғޑ΋Ϫ໾্೿ຎࣁၮ୏໾্ǴӢԜၮ୏߻ᔈӃբӳၡ ጕೕჄ٠Ꮲಞၡݩ୎ࢗǴа෧եၮ୏໾্ޑౢғǶ

ΟǵගϲٛៈᢀۺޑࡌҥǺ

คፕࢂޔௗ܈໔ௗǵཀѦวғᗋࢂၮ୏ౢғǵ᚛४ό྽܈ၸࡋޑግಞᆶ૽ግǴ೿৒

ܰౢғၮ୏ޑ໾্Ƕӵ݀ᡣ᚛४ޣёаᏢಞх֖ၮ୏໾্ޑႣٛǵൺ଼ᆶຠಎჴሞᄽ ግǵၮ୏ᔼᎦᆶፁғϐᢀۺޑࡌҥǴѸૈεεफ़եၮ୏໾্ౢғޑᐒ౗Ƕ

Ѥǵуம೽ՏԼΚᆶԼऐΚޑ૽ግǺ

வ٣ೕࡓᆶ፾྽மࡋޑൂً૽ግǴቚ຾Ϸׯ๓يᡏޑ଼நϷғ౛фૈǹ٬ጣᜢ࿯ޑ ऐڙࡋගଯǴ٠ׯ๓Јޤфૈǵ٬ᗝᗗيᡏޑԼΚǵԼऐΚᆶѳᑽǴӕਔፓ࿯يᡏӚ೽

Տၮ୏ᐒૈǴ٠੃઻يᡏӭᎩિެа෧ᇸၮ୏ၸࡋॄᏼ܌ౢғޑ໾্ǶӕਔǴᙖҗୖᆶ

᚛४٬ЈޤфૈǵԼΚᆶԼऐΚගϲǴуаٛጄၮ୏໾্ޑวғǶ ϖǵᒧ᏷፾Ҕ܄ޑٛៈҔࠔ

ਥᏵၡݩϷঁΓሡ؃ᒧ᏷፾ӝًීǵ፾ҔៈڀՊᑿǵٛᠴ฻ٛៈᏔ׷܈ଛҹǶ᚛४

໾্೽ՏǴёᙖҗၮ୏ٛៈៈڀϐቸ܄фૈỜᓸ೛ीǴڐշϷᛙۓӚ೽ՏਡЈԼဂаϩ ණߏਔ໔४᚛Ꮴठޑᜢ࿯ੵภǴ٠ගٮᜢ࿯ЍኖᆶᛙۓǴа෧եيᡏၸࡋ࠮༈ౢғޑᓸ Κᆶ᎜୏ਔᏤठޑᜢ࿯ॄᏼǹҭё׭ڋԼԺϸᙟԏᕭϷ܎רǴᙖаϩණڙΚٰႣٛ㗩ဇ ݹ฻ੰੱޑวғ܈уቃǶ

᚛४ၸำǴӚঁᜢᗖ೿ࢂ؂΋ঁΓӧܭவ٣ၮ୏ਔ܌ᔈᜢϪख़ाޑፐᚒǴॶளךॺ уа௖૸ջख़ຎǶҁࣴزଞჹၮ୏໾্ޑݯᕍҞ኱Ǵ๱ख़ӧၮ୏໾্׎ԋ߻ޑ٣߻Ⴃ

ٛǴᙖҗӄي܄ޑԼΚ૽ግаቚமൂً᚛४ਔ܌ሡԼԺޑૈΚǴ٬يᡏӚ೽Տޑфૈᆶ ᛙۓ܄ቚуǴᡣ᚛४ޣૈԖਏᗉխϷ෧եӢό྽ၮ୏БԄౢғӚ೽Տޑၮ୏໾্Ǵ຾Զ ගϲٛៈБԄᆶႣٛ໾্ޑᢀۺϐࡌҥǹΨё࿶җ൩ບϷᒌ၌ᙴৣޑࡌ᝼ϷБݤǴ٩Ᏽ ᒧЋҞ߻٬Ҕޑၮ୏ٛៈБԄ܈ୖԵၮ୏ᙴᏢᙁϟǵၮ୏ೀБǵၮ୏໾্ޑႣٛǵхಎ ჴሞᄽግϷၮ୏ᆶፁғ฻ᢀۺޑᏢಞǴа෧եၮ୏໾্ޑวғǶ

ӧ҂ٰࣴزБय़Ǵࣴزޣࡌ᝼Ǻ

Ȑ΋ȑ׆Ꮗࡹ۬࣬ᜢൂՏࡌᄬԾՉً஑໨ޑ૽ግीฝᆶٛៈᢀۺ٠Ԗֹ๓ޑ௢ቶኳԄǶ ȐΒȑ҂ٰࣴزޣૈ୼ଞჹόӕޑၮ୏຾ՉঁձࣴزǴפрന፾྽ޑ૽ግБԄᆶ ٛៈ

ࡌ᝼Ƕ

ୖԵЎ᝘

Չࡹଣᡏػہ঩཮ ( 2003 )ǶԾՉًว৖ўǶ2003 ԃ 11 Д 24 ВǴڗԾ http://www.sac.gov.tw

ֆۓύ (2008) Ƕനᣕဌ፯ً ၮ୏໾্ႣٛᆶݯᕍǶѠύᄪᕴύᄪᙴૻǴ09Ǵ21-24Ƕ Ц໩҅ (1999)Ƕၮ୏໾্Ƕၮ୏ғ္ຼૻǴ23Ǵ140.123.5.16ǶڗԾ

http://epsport.ccu.edu.tw/epsport/week/show.asp?repno=23&page=1 මᗶᏂ (2005)Ƕൂ᚛༞ًତ ӳႽӧވڮǶ2005 ԃ 10 Д 17 ВǴڗԾ http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2005/new/oct/17/today-life13.htm

ڬ҅ߝǵഋߪ۸ǵቅբϘǵ৪ၰܱ ( 1990) ǶԾҗًᒧЋၮ୏໾্ፓࢗࣴزǶύ๮҇୯ ൺ଼ᙴᏢ཮ᚇᇞǴ18Ǵ114-120Ƕ

ഋ҉໩ ( 2009)Ƕ6ᄓ؁ ٛൂ᚛ၮ୏໾্Ƕ2009 ԃ 2 Д 15 ВǴڗԾ http://mag.udn.com/mag/life/storypage.jsp?f_ART_ID=177741

໱ඁە (2008)Ƕ٦ڙ᚛४኷ ܔ๊ဈለङภǶ2008 ԃ 10 Д 27 ВǴڗԾ http://health.chinatimes.com/contents.aspx?cid=5,66&id=3169

ླྀϺܫ (2008)Ƕკှᇡ᛽ၮ୏໾্ᆶٛៈǶѠчᑜǺߍݝ᛬ೌӑڇǶ http://www.udn.com/2008/7/11/NEWS/HEALTH/HEA1/4422449.shtml

݅஀ྼ (2008)ǶԾՉًᆬ٣ ԖݤᆅǶ2008 ԃ 9 Д 2 ВǴڗ http://e-info.org.tw/node/37179

࿤റຬ (2009)ǶΦ֤ᓍለΞߏਔ໔᚛ൂًǴઓ࿶ڙόΑǶ2009 ԃ 8 Д 4 ВǴڗԾ http://mag.udn.com/mag/life/storypage.jsp?f_ART_ID=206044

໳᜽ስ (2009)Ƕൂًᣕ ၮ୏໾্ΓαኧΨᚹϲǶ2009 ԃ 6 Д 2 ВǴڗԾ http://epsport.ccu.edu.tw/blog/blog/show.asp?repno=2645&nickname=peschool

էЎ፵ (2008)Ƕז኷॥О፺—ႣٛԾՉًޑၮ୏໾্ǶહರᙴૻǴ2008 ԃ 10 ДǴڗԾ http://www.cth.org.tw/08mail/mail9710.html

ླྀᔶ჏ (2008)Ƕाၮ୏ όा໾্ ൂً᚛଼ந ڬВᙴ᚛ٰǶ2008 ԃ 12 Д 3 ВǴڗԾ ᖄӝൔ 17 ހǶ

ఉხપ (2007)Ƕ8රӼӄ٦ڙൂً኷Ƕ2007 ԃ 10 Дந଼ᚇᇞ 107 යǶڗԾ http://tourguide.network.com.tw/biketour/common.asp

ቅػۇ (2008)Ƕࣁൂً௼Ѻ೷϶๓ᕉნǶ2008 ԃ 3 Д 3 ВǴڗԾ http://e-info.org.tw/node/30857

໳ඩะǵቅΚϘ (2007)Ƕ᚛ൂًؒӼӄଛഢ ႣीԃۭڗጌǶ2007 ԃ 8 Д 10 ВǴڗԾ http://iservice.libertytimes.com.tw

݅҅த (2001)Ƕᡏ፾ૈࢲ୏ޑ໾্ٛጄǶၮ୏ғ౛ຼૻǴ81Ǵ140.123.226.98Ƕ ڗԾ http://epsport.ccu.edu.tw/epsport/week/show.asp?repno=81&page=1

፺ࡏԾՉًၗૻᆛ (2003)ǴѠ᡼ԾՉًౢ཰ޑၸѐǵ౜ӧᆶ҂ٰǶ2003 ԃ 12 Д 20 ВǴ ڗԾ http://www.wheelgiant.com.tw/

ᗛݒԋ (2008)Ƕа௢౛Չ୏౛ፕ௖૸ԾՉًҶ໕ၮ୏ୖᆶޣϐՉࣁཀკǶ҂рހϐᅺγ ፕЎǴεယεᏢᆅ౛Ꮲଣ٣཰࿶ᔼࣴز܌ǴᄆϯᑜǶ

໳ࡏᓄ (2007)Ƕ࠻ϣဌ፯ًޑ٬ҔǶၮ୏ғ౛ຼૻǴ241Ǵ203.187.37.153ǶڗԾ http://epsport.ccu.edu.tw/epsport/week/show.asp?repno=241&page=1

໳ޱ຾ (2007)Ƕၮ୏ᝡᖻϐКᖻཀကޑ၍ញ-аၮ୏ངӳޣޑ࿶ᡍࣁрวǶ჏εᡏػ଼

நҶ໕යтಃϤڔǴ2Ǵ147-151Ƕ

ֆᡉྣ (2001)Ƕၮ୏வ٣ၸำޑচ߾Ƕ2001 ԃ 3 Д 14 ВǴڗԾ

http://epsport.ccu.edu.tw/epsport/sporttrain/show.asp?repno=32&page=1

James Kennedy, (2008).Neurologic Injuries in Cycling and Bike Riding. NEUROLOG CUNICS. Neurol Chin, 26Ǵ271-279Ƕ

׵࠮ች (2009)Ƕൂً᚛γԝΫ౗ ךӄౚಃΟҬ೯೽ᔕঅݤ ڹ໔ा໒ᐩ ҂ᅈ12ྃ࿣ൂ

ᐱ΢ၡǶ2009 ԃ 10 Д 29 ВǴڗԾ

http://tw.nextmedia.com/applenews/article/art_id/32052325/IssueID/20091029

ਁᑫ෇ၮϐךـ

೚ܴᄆ ୯ҥࡀܿ௲ػεᏢ

ᄔ ा

1968ԃ 8 Д 25 ВǴѠ᡼෇ౚў΢р౜Αߚதᜢᗖ܄ޑ΋אǴआယϿ෇໗ᆶةᕇШ

ࣚ߷ैޑВҁکᄺξϿ෇໗຾ՉКᖻǴനࡕआယഖаΎ˽К႟ޑᝌਸКኧᔐ௳ࠂእԶ᎜

ᡋ෇ᏝǴவԜᖂӜεᏓǶԜᏯόՠ٬आယϿ෇໗ӧѠ᡼෇ౚў΢ԋࣁനڀ໺ڻ܄ޑϿ෇

Ӄ᎔໗ҴǴӕਔΨᡣ୯ΓߞЈεቚǴ௪ଆѠ᡼Οભ෇ၮޑ዗ዊǶ1989 ԃ 10 Д 23 ВǴȨύ

๮ᙍ཰෇ౚᖄ࿉ȩ҅ԄԋҥǴ׳ஒѠ᡼ޑ෇ၮ௢ӛќ΋ଯঢ়ǹฅԶ 20 ԃٰǴᙍ෇ჺԛ ᛈวᛝ።ȨѺଷౚȩ٣ҹǴภЈޑౚ଎و΢ຉᓐा؃ࡹ۬৾рᒤݤࡳ௱෇ౚၮ୏Ƕଭम ΐᕴ಍׳ᜢЈך୯෇ၮϐ҂ٰᒃԾє໣ՉࡹଣߏکӚ೽཮аϷѤεౚიၟౚ଎ж߄΋

ଆୖуȨ෇ౚ୯ࢂ཮᝼ȩǶଭᕴ಍ϢᒍǴࡹ۬ஒ཮໼ᖐ୯ϐΚٰ௱୯ౚǴՉࡹଣΨஒԋ ҥਁᑫ෇ၮ஑ਢλಔǴଞჹך୯෇ၮϐว৖ගрڀᡏᒤݤǶҁࣴزޑҞޑӧ௖૸ӵՖਁ

ᑫך୯෇ၮǴவၮ୏ᆅ౛Ꮲޑفࡋٰ௖૸ך୯෇ၮޑճᄄளѨаϷ҂ٰว৖БӛǴ೸ၸ ҖഁࣴزǴႝ၉ೖୢᏢޣ஑ৎǵ௲ግǵౚ঩аϷՉࡹЬᆅǴޔௗᢀჸౚ໗ޑ૽ግکᆅ౛

௃׎Ǵϩ݋෇ၮޑ࣬ᜢЎ᝘аϷࣴزޣޑ෇ౚᇡޕکᡏᡍǴளډӵΠޑ่ፕǺ(1)ৣጄᡏ س࣬ᜢᏢਠࡌҥ෇ౚ൑ǵԋҥ෇ౚ໗ǵۯᡙᓬذ෇ౚৣၗǴᅒۭ଺ӳӛΠЌਥᆶගܹ௲ ግНྗπբǴ (2)ࡌҥֹ๓ޑΟભ෇ౚڋࡋǴჴࡼΜঁᏢਠ΋ঁᖄ࿉ीฝǴቚуᒧЋК ᖻᐒ཮Ǵ(3)؂ԃύѧڰۓጓӈਁᑫ෇ၮ࿶຤ႣᆉǴࡪྣ෇ၮว৖ᓬӍ଺ࣁ୷ቫံշޑ኱

ྗǴ(4)଼ӄᙍ෇ว৖ڋࡋǴႴᓰҾ཰׫Εᙍ෇ޑՉӈǴߥምౚ঩Ѻౚޑ៾ճکيৎӼӄǶ (5)ुݤᝄᚵઇᚯ෇ၮว৖ϐόؼҽηǴ੮๏෇ၮ΋ঁଳృޑᕉნǴ(6)ᖻڋӼ௨๊όૈ

՞ҔᏢғ΢ፐਔ໔ǴճҔፐᎩ܈ຼ҃КᖻǴ(7)ᝄ਱ೕۓᏢғౚ໗໣૽ਔ໔Ǵۑ࿯߻ǵύǵ ࡕޑ૽ግਔ໔ܴЎೕۓǴၴೕୂາᝄ቉ೀϩǴ(8)ܴЎೕۓᏢғᒧЋᏢ཰ԋᕮޑНྗǴ؂

΋ᏢයѸ໪ևൔ܌ឦᖄ࿉Ǵ҂ၲ኱ྗޣόྗрᖻǴ(9)ܴЎೕۓᏢғᒧЋрᖻԃज़Ǵӈࣁ

໾ծය໔ёаߥ੮Ǵ(10)ख़ߎۯᡙ஑཰ޑՉᎍΓωǴ೸ၸӚᅿ൞ᡏᆛၡǴ଺ӳ෇ၮՉᎍ πբǴගܹ෇ၮӧޗ཮ε౲ޑ҅य़׎ຝǶ(11) ा଺൩଺നӳޑǴ֋ձၸѐ߁ᓐೂ׀ǵଭ ଭ߁߁ޑό٫πբड़ಞǴ೛ۓҞ኱ӄΚаॅǴ෇ၮޑܴϺ΋ۓ཮׳ӳǶ

ᜢᗖຒǺѺѺଷౚǵਁᑫ෇ၮǵΟભ෇ౚǵ୯ౚ

൘ǵᆣፕ

΋ǵࣴزङඳᆶ୏ᐒ

ፕϷѠ᡼෇ၮޑว৖ўǴԖΟঁख़ा໘ࢤǹ२ӃࢂआယϿ෇ԃжǴ1968 ԃ 8 Д 25 ВǴआယаΎ˽К႟ޑᝌਸКኧᔐ௳ةᕇШࣚ߷ैޑВҁکᄺξϿ෇໗ ǴԜᏯόՠ٬

आယϿ෇໗ӧѠ᡼෇ౚў΢ԋࣁനڀ໺ڻ܄ޑϿ෇Ӄ᎔໗ҴǴӕਔΨᡣ୯ΓߞЈεቚǴ ௪ଆѠ᡼Οભ෇ၮޑ዗ዊǶ ௗ๱ܭ 1989 ԃ 10 Д 23 ВǴȨύ๮ᙍ཰෇ౚᖄ࿉ȩ҅Ԅԋ ҥǴ׳ஒѠ᡼ޑ෇ၮ௢ӛќ΋ଯঢ়ǹฅԶ 20 ԃٰǴᙍ෇ჺԛᛈวᛝ።ȨѺଷౚȩ٣ҹǴ ภЈޑౚ଎و΢ຉᓐा؃ࡹ۬৾рᒤݤࡳ௱෇ౚၮ୏Ƕଭमΐᕴ಍׳ᜢЈך୯෇ၮϐ҂

ٰǴᒃԾє໣ՉࡹଣߏکӚ೽཮аϷѤεౚიၟౚ଎ж߄΋ଆୖуȨ෇ౚ୯ࢂ཮᝼ȩǶ

ࣴزޣԾ 1983 ԃ໒ۈௗ᝻෇ၮ٣୍ǴҺᙍѰᔼ୯ৎ૽ግύЈය໔ڐշ෇ౚ୯ৎж ߄ޑ૽ግǵ௲ግޑ຾অࣴಞکຊղޑᖱಞ௤᛾฻πբǴය໔ύ๮଼ٽᕇள 1984 ԃ༫ၮ ሌจǵШࣚߙ෇ǵߙϿ෇کϿ෇ޑ߷ैᄪ៉όीځኧǴࣴزޣుགᆶԖᄪోǼ

ԜԛǴᙍ෇Ѻଷ؃٣ҹӆࡋख़ബך୯෇ၮޑว৖Ǵᡣᖐ୯҇౲ภЈ੯२ǹݒᆪଭࡹ

۬ஒ཮໼ᖐ୯ϐΚٰ௱෇ၮǴ ࣴزޣΨᜫཀ೸ၸࣴزගٮཀـӅᖪ౰ᖐǶ ΒǵࣴزҞޑ

҅ॶᙍ෇ȨѺଷౚ٣ҹȩᎵளݦݦඦඦϐሞǴҁࣴزޑҞޑӵΠǺ (΋)௖૸ߔᛖך୯෇ၮว৖ϐӢનǴ

(Β)௖૸ਁᑫך୯෇ၮϐ฼ౣǴ (Ο)௖૸ך୯෇ၮ҂ٰว৖БӛǶ Οǵࣴزୢᚒ

Ȑ΋ȑߔᛖך෇ၮว৖ޑӢનࣁՖǻ ȐΒȑਁᑫך୯෇ၮϐ฼ౣࣁՖǻ ȐΟȑך୯෇ၮ҂ٰว৖БӛࣁՖǻ

ມǵЎ᝘௖૸

߈ВٿӜᓬذ෇ౚᒧЋ΋ࣁ٥ᒸᖻѺᔐᚈ߷Цֆے৚ǵ΋ࣁж૽ΒैȨ௱ජЦȩഋ

ࡹඦᚈᚈܫక۳ᙍ෇ว৖ᙯԶཟ຾཰ᎩҘಔӝ৤ౚ໗ว৖Ƕౚ঩୷ܭ౜ჴԵໆᒧ᏷Ȩॹ ଏȩڰฅคёࠆߚǴՠᡏہ཮ጓӈΑ 10 ሹϡޑ෇ౚਁᑫीฝǴӢᐱࠆܭޗ཮Ҙಔ෇ౚ ޑε൯ံշǴࢂցϸԶуೲᙍ෇ѨѐᝡݾΚ߾ΜϩзΓኁЈǶ

ᡏہ཮ࣁΑ௱୯ౚΠ౓ᛰǴѾၗံշࡹ۬ᐒᜢǵϦ҇ᔼҾ཰܈ӦБࡹ۬ᝢಔ෇ౚ ໗Ǵςᡣޗ཮Ҙౚ໗வӝ৤ǵѠႝΒ໗ǴᘉቚډѠчѱǵѠчᑜǵਲ༜ૐޜࠤǵѠύຬ

๥࠶ၲ฻ 4 ໗ǴϞԃΐД׳޸຤Ϧۨᖐᒤ܌ᒏޑȨࠤѱჹלᖻȩаၗঀᏤǴόՠᡣޗ཮

Ҙಔ׳ᡣж૽ᒧЋᖿϐऩᜰǴ઱઱ᒧ᏷ᙯӛ཰Ꭹว৖Ǵᡣᙍ෇ౚიӧ֎ԏཥՈਔڙߔǶ ՠ౥ഖΓωωࢂᖻ٣ࠔ፦ޑᜢᗖǴऩᙍ෇ౚიܕ༅όډᓬذᒧЋǴᖻ٣ޑᆒறࡋ༈ஒε ෧Ǵ΋ѿԋࣁΒࢬКᖻǴ༈Ѹೱ஥ቹៜ౻܊ԏΕǴౚიޑ࿶ᔼஒ׳׎֚ᜤǶ

! ! ፦قϐǴж૽ౚ঩ϸి؎ᒧ᏷ӣ཰Ꭹԋ෇ǴϸࢀΑᒧЋჹ୯ϣᙍ෇ޑѨఈǴΨзΓ ኁЈᡏہ཮ᷤݙε฽࿶຤ܭ཰Ꭹ෇ౚࠅ҂ӕਔᜢݙᙍ෇࿶ᔼ౛ۺϷౚ঩ᛝऊߎᆶπբ చҹޑӝ౛ගਁǴࢂցϸԶףఠΑᙍ෇ޑว৖Ƕᡏہ཮Ϣەᔠ૸ຎޗ཮Ҙಔౚ໗ว৖ჹ ᙍ෇ว৖ёૈ೷ԋޑፂᔐǴᔕुӢᔈჹ฼٠ϒ፾྽ೕጄǴঈ཰Ꭹǵᙍ෇ᚈॉว৖Ǵૈঋ

៝ޗҘౚ໗ޑ൚୷෇ၮаϷౚ঩׳ӝ౛ޑว৖ޜ໔Ƕ

ୖǵࣴزБݤ

΋ǵࣴزጄൎ

ҁࣴزϐጄൎх఼୯ϣΟભ෇ౚǵεᏢ෇ౚǵޗ཮෇ౚᆶᙍ෇Ƕ Βǵࣴزჹຝ

ҁࣴزჹຝхࡴǺϿ෇௲ግ 5 ΓǴౚ঩ 5 ΓǹߙϿ෇௲ግ 5 ΓǴౚ঩ 5 Γǹߙ෇௲ ግ 5 ΓǴౚ঩ 5 ΓǹεᏢ෇ౚ௲ግ 5 ΓǴౚ঩ 5 Γǹޗ཮෇ౚ໗௲ግ 5 ΓǴౚ঩ 5 Γǹ ᙍ෇௲ግ 5 ΓǴౚ঩ 5 Γǹ෇ౚ঩ৎߏРᒃ 5 Γ Ǵ҆ᒃ 5 Γǹ෇ౚޕӜΓγ 5 Γǹኬ ҁӅी 75 ΓǶ௦ҥཀڗኬǶ

Οǵࣴزπڀ

ҁࣴز௦ҔҖഁፓࢗǵ่ᄬԄೖፋᆶЎ᝘௖૸଺ࣁࣴزπڀǶࣴزϣ৒ଞჹߔᛖך

෇ၮว৖ޑӢનǵਁᑫך୯෇ၮϐ฼ౣᆶך୯෇ၮ҂ٰว৖БӛΟঁቫय़ࣁЬǴ௦໒ܫ Ԅբเǹࣴز౜൑аરǵ฽౜൑૶ᒵǴ٠ᒵॣӸ᛾Ǵаߡਡჹӣԏၗ਑ޑߞǵਏࡋǶ

Ѥǵၗ਑ೀ౛

Җഁፓࢗǵ่ᄬԄೖፋᆶЎ᝘௖૸܌ளၗ਑Ǵ௦Ҕϣ৒ϩ݋ ݤ(content analysis)଺

຾΋؁ޑও݋Ƕ

စǵ่݀ᆶ૸ፕ

΃ǵڋࡋय़Ǻ଺ӳӛΠЌਥᆶ௲ግ୻૽πբǴᒧ᏷ৣጄᡏس࣬ᜢᏢਠࡌҥ෇ౚ൑ǵԋҥ

෇ౚ໗ǵۯᡙᓬذ෇ౚৣၗǴ଺ࣁ௢৖෇ၮޑभηǶ

Βǵڋࡋय़Ǻࡌҥֹ๓ޑΟભ෇ౚڋࡋǴჴࡼΜঁᏢਠ΋ঁᖄ࿉ǴЬ࠼൑ᖻڋǴቚуᒧ ЋКᖻ࿶ᡍᆶᑃግౚמޑᐒ཮Ƕ

Οǵڋࡋय़ǺᖻڋӼ௨๊όૈ՞ҔᏢғ΢ፐਔ໔ǴճҔፐᎩ܈ຼ҃КᖻǴ΋ٰᏢғᒧЋ όठܭ઼ᇤϼӭ΢ፐਔ໔ǴΒٰԖճܭӕᏢکৎߏᒃ϶฻ᢀ፞ౚᖻޑǶ Ѥǵڋࡋय़Ǻᝄ਱ೕۓᏢғౚ໗໣૽ਔ໔Ǵۑ࿯߻ǵύǵࡕޑ૽ግਔ໔ܴЎೕۓǴၴೕ

ୂາᝄ቉ೀϩǶႣٛࣁΑԋᕮԶၸߏਔ໔ޑ૽ግ໾্Αౚ঩يЈޑ଼நǶ ϖǵڋࡋय़ǺܴЎೕۓᏢғᒧЋᏢ཰ԋᕮޑНྗǴ؂΋ᏢයѸ໪ևൔ܌ឦᖄ࿉Ǵ҂ၲ኱

ྗޣόྗрᖻǶ

Ϥǵڋࡋय़ǺܴЎೕۓᏢғᒧЋрᖻԃज़Ǵӈࣁ໾ծය໔ёаߥ੮Ƕ

Ύǵ଄୍य़Ǻ؂ԃύѧڰۓጓӈਁᑫ෇ၮ࿶຤ႣᆉǴӄ୯Ӛᑜѱදࡌ኱ྗ෇ౚ൑Ǵ଺ࣁ

୷ቫ௢୏෇ၮϐዹҡǴ٠ࡪྣ෇ၮ௢৖ᓬӍ଺ࣁ୷ቫ࿶຤ံշޑ኱ྗǶᒲ

ा޸ӧΘα΢Ǵ಄ӝ࿶ᔮਏ੻Ƕ

Ζǵ௲ػय़Ǻуம௲ግᆶౚ঩ࠔቺϐᏢಞǴаϷௗڙᏢਠ҅த௲ػϐᢀۺǹׯ๓ၸ۳ౚ

঩ȨѝाѺౚǴόाۺਜȩϐड़ಞǴගܹౚ঩ϐનᎦǴ༟೷ᓬ፦ޑ෇ౚЎ ϯǶ

ΐǵࡹ฼य़Ǻ଼ӄᙍ෇ว৖ڋࡋǴुۓӚᅿᓬඁᒤݤǴႴᓰҾ཰׫Εᙍ෇ޑՉӈǴ๏ϒ ԃᇸΓ׫Ε෇ၮޑᇨӢǴߥምౚ঩Ѻౚޑ៾ճᆶᅽճǶ

Μǵݤࡓय़Ǻҥݤᝄᚵઇᚯ෇ၮว৖ϐόؼҽηǴߥም௲ግǵౚ঩يৎ܄ڮޑӼӄǴ੮

๏෇ၮ΋ঁଳృޑᕉნǶ

Μ΋ǵ࿎ᏤᆶԵਡǺϦ୍س಍ޑ୺Չቫय़΋ޔ௲Γ၎ੰǴዴۓೢҺᘜឦǵִ๓ೕჄ٠у аଓᙫԵਡǴפрୢᚒ܌ӧǴِೲׯ๓ೀ౛Ǵගϲ୺Չਏ౗Ƕ ΜΒǵѱ൑ՉᎍǺख़ߎۯᡙ஑཰ޑՉᎍΓωǴ೸ၸӚᅿ൞ᡏᆛၡǴ଺ӳ෇ၮՉᎍπբǴ

ගܹ෇ၮӧޗ཮ε౲ޑ҅य़׎ຝǶӚൂՏ೛࿼஑཰วقΓǴॄೢ൞ᡏ

ྎ೯πբǴၶԖୃৡՉࣁวғਔǴҥջೀ౛٠ᇥܴচہǴफ़եёૈ೷

ԋޑ໾্Ƕ३ෝԋфബཀՉᎍܿ٥ၮॶளॷ᜔Ƕ

ΜΟǵπբᄊࡋᆶལ཰ᆒઓǺा଺൩଺നӳޑǴ֋ձၸѐ߁ᓐೂ׀ǵଭଭ߁߁ޑό٫π բड़ಞǴ೛ۓҞ኱ӄΚаॅǴ෇ၮޑܴϺ΋ۓ཮׳ӳǶ

Ҵǵ่ፕᆶࡌ᝼

΋ǵ่ፕ

ၸѐך ROC: Republic of China Ӣࣁதය๏ΓޑӑຝǴ଺٣ଭଭ߁߁ǴࡺԖ Republic of Careless೭ኬޑձဦǶҁࣴزޑ่݀คፕࢂڋࡋय़ǵ଄୍य़ǵ௲ػय़೿ࢂᙑ၉ख़ගǴΑ คཥཀǶࣰఈ෇ၮ࣬ᜢൂՏૈ୼੿҅҅ຎԜୢᚒǴዴჴ଺ӳѬǴவၸѐ Who care?ʈ ޑ ᅐό࿶Јᄊࡋ຾΋؁ډ I care!ޑᜢЈʈ׳຾΋؁ډ I do care!੿҅ᜢᚶ෇ၮǴӵԜǴܴϺ ޑ෇ၮभω཮׳уय֧Ǵ෇ౚО཮ཇᐨཇܮǶ

Βǵࡌ᝼

ҁࣴزឦܭ፦ޑࣴزǴคݤᕕှᡂ໨ϐ໔ޑৡ౦܄ǹ۳ࡕޑࣴزёа௦ڗۓໆࣴ

زǴ௖૸ᡂ໨໔಍ीᏢ΢ࢂցӸӧৡ౦܄Ǵ଺р຾΋؁ޑ௖૸Ǵჹਁᑫך෇ၮૈ୼ගٮ

׳ుቫޑࡌقǴ଺р׳εޑଅ᝘Ƕ

ୖԵਜҞ

೚ܴᄆ(2005)Ƕၮ୏ޗ཮Ꮲ(ಃΜΐക)Ǻᡏػၮ୏ᆶୃৡՉࣁǶѠύѱǺ๮਱ٗрހޗǶ

೚ܴᄆ฻(2003)Ƕၮ୏ᆅ౛Ꮲ(ಃΐക)Ǻၮ୏ՉᎍΕߐǶѠύѱǺ๮਱ٗрހޗǶ ᙍ෇ѺଷౚǶύ୯ਔൔᡏػހǶ҇ 98 ԃ 10 Д 11 ВǶ

Wikipedia: Chinese Baseball association.

Coakley, J.J.(1986). Sport in Society (p. 173). St. Louis: C. V. Mosby.

Snyder, E. E. (1972). Athletic Dressing Room Slogans as Foldore: A means of socialization.

International Review of Sport Sociology, 7, 89-102.

ଯࡀӦ୔ၮ୏ᢀӀว৖ϐ௖ز

ֆߝቼ / ໳Һ໐ ୯ҥࡀܿ௲ػεᏢ

ᄔ ा

߈ ԃ ٰ ך ୯ ޗ ཮ ࿶ ᔮ ޑ Ӽ ۓ ᕷ ᄪ Ϸ ୯ ҇ ܌ ள Н ྗ ޑ В ੻ ග ϲǴу ΢ ࡹ ۬ ჴ

ࡼ ຼ Ҷ Β В а ٰǴׯ ᡂ Γ ॺ ჹ ғ ࢲ ޑ ᄊ ࡋ ᆶ ሽ ॶ ᢀǴҭ Ї ว ΋ ૓ ε ౲ ჹ ଼ ந ᢀ ۺ ޑ ख़ ຎ ᆶ Ҷ ໕ ࢲ ୏ ޑ ᑫ ፪ Ǵ ჹ வ ٣ Ҷ ໕ ၮ ୏ ޑ ཀ ᜫ Ψ ᆶ В ॿ ቚ Ƕ ΒΜ΋Шइ നڀԖว৖ወΚޑคྟ֙ౢ཰ǴаҶ໕ᢀӀ٣཰ࣁӚౢ཰܌ࢭࢭ኷ၰǹԶଯࡀӦ୔ᏱԖ ᙦ൤ޑξ݅ඳᢀᆶᆟߏޑੇ۞ጕǴว৖ၮ୏ᢀӀཱུڀԖ໢ࠆޑወΚǴࡹ۬ӵՖճҔࡽԖ ޑၗྍᆶ҇໔Ҿ཰่࣬ӝǴว৖֎Ї܄ᆶϕံ܄ޑҶ໕ၯᏨǴа಄ӝόӕ഻ӳޑၮ୏ᢀ Ӏ࠼߻ٰǴബ೷׳εޑ୘ᐒǴቚуӦБิԏǶҁЎаЎ᝘ϩ݋ݤٰ௖زଯࡀӦ୔ၮ୏ᢀ Ӏϐว৖ǴᙖԜᡣѠ᡼ૈઠ΢୯ሞᆸѠǴ٠௢୏ཥޑ࿶ᔮڻᙬǶ

ᜢᗖຒǺଯଯࡀӦ୔ǵҶ໕ၮ୏ǵၮ୏ᢀӀ

൘ǵ߻ق

ᢀӀౢ཰ࢂШࣚӚ୯දၹख़ຎޑคྟ֙π཰Ǵᆶࣽמౢ཰Ӆӕ೏ຎࣁࢂ 21 Шइޑ

ܴࢃౢ཰Ǵӧബ೷൩཰ᐒ཮ϷᖺڗѦ༊ޑфૈ΢ڀԖܴᡉਏ੻Ƕ٠ ਥᏵШࣚᢀӀਓၯہ

঩཮ȐWTTCȑ௢՗Ǵ҂ٰ 10 ԃӄౚᢀӀౢ཰ԋߏ௃׎ࣁǺਓၯЍрԾ 4.21 ӂऍϡԋ ߏԿ 8.61 ӂऍϡǴᢀӀਓၯౢ཰ჹ GDP ଅ᝘౗ஒԾ 3.6%ቚԿ 3.8%Ǵځ൩཰ΓኧஒԾ Ҟ߻ 1.98 ሹΓቚуԿ 2.5 ሹΓǶҗԜёـᢀӀౢ཰ӧϞࡕӄౚ࿶ᔮว৖΢ஒתᄽख़ाޑ فՅȐҬ೯೽ᢀӀֽǴ2007ȑǶ

߈ ԃ ٰ ך ୯ ޗ ཮ ࿶ ᔮ ޑ Ӽ ۓ ᕷ ᄪ Ϸ ୯ ҇ ܌ ள Н ྗ ޑ В ੻ ග ϲǴу ΢ ࡹ ۬ ჴ

ࡼ ຼ Ҷ Β В а ٰǴׯ ᡂ Γ ॺ ჹ ғ ࢲ ޑ ᄊ ࡋ ᆶ ሽ ॶ ᢀǴҭ Ї ว ΋ ૓ ε ౲ ჹ ଼ ந ᢀ ۺ ޑ ख़ ຎ ᆶ Ҷ ໕ ࢲ ୏ ޑ ᑫ ፪Ǵჹ வ ٣ Ҷ ໕ ၮ ୏ ޑ ཀ ᜫ Ψ ᆶ В ॿ ቚǴࡹ ۬ ҭ ᑈ ཱུ

௢ ୏ ࣬ ᜢ ࡹ ฼ ݤ з ٰ ଛ ӝ Ǵ ٯ ӵ Չࡹଣ࿶ᔮࡌ೛ว৖ہ঩཮ࣁΑ௢୏ᢀӀᆶၮ୏Ҷ ໕୍ܺౢ཰ޑ่ӝǴܭ2004ԃගрSMILEޑ฼ౣᆶՉ୏ᆜሦǴځύS(service)ж߄୍ܺǴ M ж߄ѱ൑(market)ǴI ж߄ബཥሽॶ(inno-value)ǴL ж߄ғࢲ(life)ǴE ж߄൩཰

(employment)Ǵ΋Бय़ᘉεၮ୏Ҷ໕کᢀӀޑΓαǵቚу୍ܺ཰ޑ൩཰ᐒ཮Ǵќ΋Бय़ ගϲ୍ܺ཰ޑ࿶ᔼࠔ፦ǶԜ΋ीฝёᇥࢂ໣ᢀӀǵၮ୏ᆶҶ໕ౢ཰ϐεԋǴ׆ఈᙖշၮ

୏ᖻ཮܈Ҷ໕܄ၮ୏ٰว৖୯ϣޑᢀӀౢ཰Ǵவ୯ሞၮ୏ᢀӀว৖ᖿ༈ҭёޕǴၮ୏ᢀ Ӏς࿶ࢂᢀӀౢ཰ޑЬࢬѱ൑Ǵၮ୏ᢀӀౢ཰ӧ҂ٰ༈ஒԋࣁࡹ۬ᑈཱུว৖ޑҞ኱ϐ΋

Ȑ໳ߎࢊǴ2006ȑǶ

ਥ Ᏽ Ш ࣚ ᢀ Ӏ ಔ ᙃ Ȑ World Tourism OrganizationǴ ᙁ ᆀ WTOȑ 2000 ԃ ހ ޑ ϩ ݋ ൔ ֋ ࡰ рǴȨ ᢀ Ӏ ȩς ԋ ࣁ ೚ ӭ ୯ ৎ ᖺ ڗ Ѧ ༊ ޑ २ ा ٰ ྍǶӧ ӄ ౚ Ӛ ୯ ޑ Ѧ ༊ ԏ Ε ύ ऊ Ԗ ຬ ၸ ԭ ϩ ϐ Ζ ٰ Ծ ᢀ Ӏ ԏ ੻Ȑ ຬ ၸ Ծ ୏ ϯ ႝ Ꮤ ౢ ࠔ ޑ ԭ ϩ ϐ Ύ ᗺ Ζ Ϸ ᙴ ᛰ ࠔ ޑ ԭ ϩ ϐ Ύ ᗺ ϖ ȑǴᕴ ԏ ੻ ҭ ຬ ၸ ܌ Ԗ ځ д ୯ ሞ ຩ ܰ ᅿ ᜪǴଯ

ۚ ಃ ΋Ǵऊ ϖ ӂ Ο ί Ο ԭ ሹ ऍ ϡǶWTO ׳ ຾ ΋ ؁ Ⴃ ՗ǴԿ 2020 ԃǴӄ ౚ ᢀ Ӏ Γ ኧ ஒ ԋ ߏ Կ Μ Ϥ ሹ Β ԭ ࿤ Γ ԛ Ǵ ӄ ౚ ᢀ Ӏ ԏ ੻ ҭ ஒ ၲ ډ Β ӂ ऍ ϡ Ƕ

Ѡ᡼ӢӦ౛ᕉნ੝ਸǴឦܭੇ৞ࠠ୯ৎǴᏱԖᙦ൤ԶӭኬϯޑΓЎᆶԾฅၗྍǴว

৖ᢀӀڀԖ໢ࠆޑወΚǶԶଯ໢ջஒܭ 2009 ᖐᒤШࣚၮ୏཮Ǵୖᖻ୯ৎၲ 100 Ꭹ୯Ǵ ᒧЋ঩ၲ 5200 ΓȐଯ໢ШၮᆛઠȑǴۛਔஒᙖҗ୯ሞၮ୏ᖻ཮ޑᖐᒤǴஒѠ᡼Չᎍܭ ၮ୏ᢀӀౢ཰୯ሞᆸѠ΢ǴቚуӦБࡹ۬ޑิԏǶӢԜǴҁЎԑӧϟಏၮ୏ᢀӀۓကϷ

ᜪࠠǵၮ୏ᢀӀኳԄᆶୖᆶ୏ᐒǵ௖زଯࡀӦ୔ၮ୏ᢀӀว৖ၗྍᆶཀຝǴᙖаว৖ଯ ࡀӦ୔ၮ୏ᢀӀౢ཰Ǵ׆ఈૈԖਏ௢୏ଯࡀӦ୔ၮ୏ᢀӀౢ཰Ǵၲډ҉ុ࿶ᔼޑҞޑǶ

ມǵၮ୏ᢀӀޑۓကǵᜪࠠ

΋ǵၮ୏ᢀӀޑۓက

Ȭၮ୏ᢀӀȭவђ׆ᛪ༫݅ϰ٥ၮ୏཮ਔςᅌᅌև౜ᚉࠠǴ྽ਔၮ୏঩ϷЦ࠻຦௼

࣬ᜢΓ঩ࣁΑ߻۳ၮ୏཮཮൑Ǵݮ೼аಎᔼБԄ߻۳ǴԜࣁനԐޑၮ୏ᢀӀȐStandeven

& KnopǴ1999ȑǶٿՏᏢޣ٠ஒၮ୏ᢀӀۓကࣁȨаঁΓ܈ಔᙃ܄БԄǴࣁߚ୘཰܈ᙍ

཰ޑ౛җǴኩਔᚆ໒ځۚՐ܈πբӦᗺǴவ٣܌Ԗၮ୏࣬ᜢࢲ୏ϐਓȩǶԶHinch and Higham (2001) ࡰрၮ୏ᢀӀࢂȨ੃຤ޣӧԖज़ޑਔ໔ϣǴᚆ໒ৎ৥ᕉნǴவ٣аၮ୏

ࣁЬޑਓၯǶԜೀ܌ࡰޑਓၯڀԖΠӈ੝ቻǺԖ੝ۓޑၮ୏ೕ߾ǵԖᜢيᡏω๮ޑКᖻǴ کКᖻڀၯᏨޑឦ܄ȩǶGibson(1998)ࡰрঁΓኩਔᚆ໒ځۚՐޗ୔ѐୖᆶǵᢀ፞Ԗᜢ يᡏޑࢲ୏Ǵ܈஖ࡨᆶيᡏࢲ୏ԖᜢޑඳᗺǴ٠а໕ཨࣁЬޑਓၯ֡ёຎࣁၮ୏ᢀӀǶ NeirottiȐ2003ȑᆕӝGibson ᆶYiannakisȐ2002ȑϐـှǴගрၮ୏ᢀӀϐۓကǺቶက قϐǴၮ୏ᢀӀх֖Ȑ΋ȑᚆ໒ЬाۚՐӦவ٣ਓၯǴୖᆶҶ໕܄܈ᝡמ܄ޑၮ୏ࢲ୏ǹ ȐΒȑਓၯѐᢀ࣮ଯНྗȐഗӾȑ܈΋૓ำࡋޑКᖻǹȐΟȑਓၯୖೖၮ୏֎ЇඳᗺȐӵ ၮ୏ӜΓ୸܈Н΢Ϧ༜฻ȑǶ

ԢύษȐ2001ȑᆕӝ୯ϣѦᏢޣϐόӕۓကஒၮ୏ᢀӀϐۓကᘜયࣁǺȨΥ໨Ҟǵ ࢲ୏ǵीฝޑᒤ౛ᆶᡏػၮ୏ԖᜢೱǴځҞޑӧ֎ЇԖᑫ፪ޑ҇౲ǵၯ࠼ǵрৢᢀ౲܈

ᒃԾୖу၀໨ࢲ୏ǵ໨ҞǴ֡ឦܭၮ୏ᢀӀȩǶ

ᆕӝа΢܌ॊҁࣴزᇡࣁၮ୏ᢀӀࢂǺঁΓ܈იᡏǴӧԖज़ޑਔ໔ϣǴᚆ໒ځۚՐ Ӧ܈πբ൑܌Ǵ܌வ٣ԖᜢҶ໕܈ᝡמҞޑᆶᢀ፞ǵୖᆶک஖ࡨ܄፦ޑਓၯࢲ୏Ƕ Βǵၮ୏ᢀӀޑᜪࠠ

όӕᅿᜪޑᢀӀࢲ୏܌ᏱԖޑឦ܄ҭόӕǴGibsonȐ2003ȑஒၮ୏ᢀӀϩࣁϩࣁΟ εᜪࠠǴϩձࣁЬ୏܄ၮ୏ᢀӀȐactive sport tourismȑǵၮ୏ᖻ཮ᢀӀȐevent sport tourismȑ Ϸᚶᙑၮ୏ᢀӀȐnostalgia sport tourismȑǴϩձϟಏӵΠǺ

Ȑ΋ȑЬ୏܄ၮ୏ᢀӀ

ឦܭၮ୏෠ଷᢀӀǴၯ࠼ޑЬाҞޑࢂࣁΑჴӦୖᆶၮ୏ǶሡाޑਡЈၗྍ

ёаࢂၮ୏ᕉნ೛ࡼ܈ޣࢲ୏ǴՠѸ໪ڀഢೕჄֹ๓ϐၮ୏೛ࡼаϷගٮᓓ໯ǵ Րஎǵু኷฻࣬ᜢ୍ܺǴωىа֎Їਓ࠼߻۳ၮ୏ᢀӀਓၯǴ٠ᅈىၯ࠼ӧਓၯ ҞޑӦଶ੮ය໔ޑሡ؃Ȑߋࡘཁǵ׵܍ᑣǴ2006ȑǶٯӵ֤०ᐒډύ୯Ѻଯᅟϻ ౚǴ٠໩ၰѐୖᢀ྽ӦਓၯඳᗺǶ

ȐΒȑၮ୏ᖻ཮ᢀӀ

ၯ࠼ЬाࢂࣁΑჴӦୖᆶКᖻ܈ޣᢀ፞ၮ୏ᖻ཮Ǵёаࢂၯำޑӄ೽ǴΨё аࢂ᏾ᡏၯำ΋೽ϩǹԜᜪඳᗺ೯தՏܭ॓୔܈೿ᣁǴёගٮᢀӀ࠼ӧਓၯၸำ ύ߻۳ᢀ፞܈ޣୖᆶКᖻȐߋࡘཁǵ׵܍ᑣǴ2006ȑǶٯӵǺӵಔიᢀ፞༫ၮ཮ǵ Шࣚࣨىౚᖻǵᙍ཰ଯᅟϻϦ໒ᖻǵᆛౚϦ໒ᖻکF1΋ભБำԄᖻً฻Ƕ

ȐΟȑᚶᙑၮ୏ᢀӀ

ၯ࠼ЬाࢂࣁΑჹܭၸѐၮ୏ޑΓǵ٣ǵނౢғ጑ᚶ௃གޑՉำǴӵୖೖၮ

୏റނᓔǵၮ୏ђᙬǵၮ୏ඳᗺϷၮ୏ӜΓ୸฻Ƕ

ќѦǴኻࢪ୯ৎᏢޣ೯தࢂவ୏ᄊୖᆶޣޑفࡋٰࣚۓၮ୏ᢀӀǴٯӵଯᅟϻǵᆛ ౚϷຫഁྖഓǴᢀӀ࠼ҁيջࢂୖᆶޣǹόၸчऍ୯ৎޑᏢޣ߾ࢂவࢲ୏ᢀ፞ޑᢀᗺࣚ

ۓၮ୏ᢀӀǴӵᢀ፞ଯНྗޑᙍ཰ᖻ٣ǴᢀӀ࠼ҁيࢂᢀ፞ޣԶߚୖᆶޣǴୖᆶޣ۳۳

ࢂၮ୏ᒧЋॺȐ໳ߎࢊǵֆύཹǴ2005ȑǶ୷ҁ΢Ǵ௖૸ၮ୏ᢀӀޑᏢޣεठעၮ୏ᢀ ӀϩԋٿεБӛǴ΋ᅿࢂ୏ᄊ܈ୖᆶޑၮ୏ᢀӀǴќ΋ᅿࢂаࢲ୏ࣁ٩Ᏽޑၮ୏ᢀӀ (Gibson, 1998)Ƕ

Զ୯ϣќ΋Ꮲޣଯߪ໢Ȑ2005ȑஒၮ୏ᢀӀ୔ϩࣁΟᅿࠠᄊǺ

Ȑ΋ȑၮ୏ඳᗺᢀӀǺၯ࠼ЬाࢂࣁΑჴӦୖᆶၮ୏܈ࢂᢀ፞Ǵٯӵၮ୏റނ ᓔӜΓ୸ǵ๱Ӝၮ୏൑ᓔǵᖻଭ൑฻Ƕ

ȐΒȑၮ୏ଷයᢀӀǺၯ࠼ЬाࢂࣁΑჴӦୖᆶၮ୏ǴٯӵወНǵᆛౚǵଯᅟ ϻǵԳౚǵฦξ଼ՉԾՉً฻Ƕ

ȐΟȑၮ୏ᖻ཮ᢀӀǺၯ࠼ޑЬाҞޑࢂࣁΑᢀ፞ၮ୏ᖻ཮Ǵٯӵ༫ၮ཮ǵШ

ࣚࣨىౚᖻǵᆛౚϦ໒ᖻ฻Ƕ

ᆕӝа΢܌ॊҁࣴزᇡࣁၮ୏ᢀӀޑᜪࠠёϩࣁΟᜪࠠǺ΋ǵ଼يၮ୏ᢀӀǹΒǵ

ୖᆶၮ୏ᖻ཮ᢀӀǹΟǵᚶᙑၮ୏ඳᗺᢀӀǶ

ୖǵၮ୏ᢀӀኳԄ

Gammon and Robinson(1997)ஒၮ୏ᢀӀ࠼ϩࣁȨ֚ᜤޑၮ୏ᢀӀ࠼ȩ(hard sport tourists)کȨྕکޑၮ୏ᢀӀ࠼ȩ(soft sport tourists)Ǵ܌ᒏ֚ᜤޑၮ୏ᢀӀ࠼ࢂࡰࣁΑЬ

୏܈೏୏ୖᆶᝡמࢲ୏ϐ஑ำਓၯޣǴځЬाਓၯ୏ᐒջࣁၮ୏ǹԶྕکޑၮ୏ᢀӀ࠼

ࡰޑࢂ୷ܭҶ໕ޑ౛җୖᆶၮ୏܈໕ཨϐࢲ୏ǶGammon and Robinson(2003)׳ਥᏵа΢

ٿᅿόӕޑၮ୏ᢀӀБԄගрȨၮ୏ᢀӀኳԄȩǴӵკ΋܌ҢǶ

ࡕٰSofield(2003)׳аȨၮ୏ᢀӀኳԄȩࣁ୷ᘵǴว৖рൂ΋ჴᡏډѤ೽ϩಔԋޑ ၮ୏ᢀӀࡌᄬȐӵ߄΋ȑǴځࡌᄬаᢀӀࢲ୏ޑ܄፦ஒځ୔ϩࣁѤεᜪࠠǺ

΃ǵ֚֚ᜤޑၮ୏ᢀӀ(hard sport tourism)Ǻၮ୏ᢀӀ࠼ᚆ໒ѳВޑᕉნவ٣ਓၯǴЬा

ޑҞޑࢂᑈཱུ܈೏୏ޑୖᆶၮ୏ᖻ٣܈ࢲ

୏Ǵӵୖуၮ୏ᖻ཮КᖻޑᒧЋǵຊղǶ Βǵྕྕکޑၮ୏ᢀӀ(soft sport tourism)Ǻၮ୏ᢀӀ࠼ᚆ໒ѳВޑۚՐӦவ٣ਓၯǴЬा

Ҟޑࢂӧᑈཱུவ٣Ҷ໕ࢲ୏Ǵӵ߻۳ч٧ᢀ፞

2008 ԃ༫ၮᖻǶ

Οǵ֚ᜤޑᢀӀၮ୏Ȑhard tourism sport)Ǻၮ୏ᢀӀ࠼ᚆ໒ѳВޑۚՐᕉნவ٣ਓၯǴ ЬाޑҞޑࢂୖᆶߚឦၮ୏ޑࢲ୏Ǵՠϝ཮

Ь୏܈೏୏ޑୖᆶၮ୏ࢲ୏Ǵόၸஒၮ୏ຎ ࣁԛाޑҞޑǴӵډమნၭ൑ਓၯǴЬाҞ ޑࢂाᢀ፞ᆟԲذǴՠΨ཮வ٣֚ᜤࡋၨଯ ޑฦξ଼Չࢲ୏Ƕ

ѤǵྕکޑᢀӀၮ୏(soft tourism sport)Ǻၮ୏ᢀӀ࠼ᚆ໒ѳВޑᕉნډѦӦਓၯǴЬा

ޑҞޑࢂୖуӚᅿόڀၮ୏੝܄ޑᢀӀࢲ

୏Ǵՠϝ཮ଽᅟЬ୏܈೏୏ޑୖᆶ፾ӝӚԃស ቫୖᆶޑၮ୏ࢲ୏Ǵӵډዂమ෫ѐਓၯਔǴନ Α཮ѐᢀ፞ዂమ෫ޑ॥ඳӜയѦǴΨ཮ډ෫ύ ѐ຾ՉեமࡋǵڀԖҶ໕ཀ఼ޑӊಭၮ୏Ƕ

კ΋ ၮ୏ᢀӀኳԄ

ၗ਑ٰྍǺGammon and Robinson(1997)ǹЇԾ໳ߎࢊȐ2006ȑ ߄΋ ൂ΋ჴᡏډѤ೽ϩಔԋޑၮ୏ᢀӀࡌᄬ

ൂ΋ޑჴᡏ ၮ୏ ᢀӀ

Βϡޑჴᡏ ၮ୏کᢀӀ

Βϡჴᡏ่ӝޑΟفᜢ߯ ၮ୏ᢀӀ

ၮ୏ᢀӀ ᢀӀၮ୏

Ѥ೽ϩಔԋޑࢎᄬ

֚ᜤ ྕک ֚ᜤ ྕک

ၗ਑ٰྍǺSofield(2003)ǹЇԾ໳ߎࢊȐ2006ȑ җ΢ॊᏢޣϩᜪёаளޕǴѝाᢀӀࢲ୏ၸำύᆶၮ୏Ҷ໕੝܄ԖᜢǴ܈வ٣ၮ୏

ၸำύڀԖᢀӀޑ੝፦Ǵࣣё೏ຎࣁၮ୏ᢀӀޑ΋೽ϩǶ စǵଯࡀӦ୔ၮ୏ᢀӀၗྍ

ਓၯҞޑӦ੝ቻࢂցڀഢӭख़ޑឦ܄۳۳ࢂਓ࠼ਓၯҞޑӦנ᏷ޑख़ाӢનϐ

΋ǴԶਓၯҞޑӦཀຝ߾ёᔅշᢀӀ࠼ቚуځჹਓၯҞޑӦޑӑຝ(Rynes, 1991)Ǵ٠ቹ ៜᢀӀ࠼ख़ၯޑཀᜫǶаΠଞჹଯࡀӦ୔ၮ୏ᢀӀၗྍٰ௖૸Ǻ

ਥᏵ໳ߎࢊȐ2006ȑࡰрाቚуᢀӀ࠼ၯވཀᜫǴ྽୍ϐ࡚Ѹ໪ჹਓၯҞޑ ޑ੝ቻԖ܌ΑှǴԶଯࡀӦ୔ᏱԖޑၮ୏ᢀӀၗྍ੝܄ӵΠǺ

΃ǵ֎Ї܄ǺਓၯҞޑӦ໪ᏱԖᐱ੝ޑ੝Յωૈ֎Їၯ࠼ᢀӀǹٯӵଯࡀӦ୔ᏱԖᐱ੝

ޑӦ౛ᕉნᆶΓЎඳᢀǴᏱԖ౜жϯޑ೿ѱǵ౜жϯၮ୏൑ᓔǵෝ᡼Ҷ໕ǵ

҇߫॥௃౼ڂǵђᙬْᘶǵݰ෯کλӞ฻֎Ї܄Ƕ

ΒǵБߡ܄ǺਓၯҞޑӦޑҬ೯Ѹ໪ߡ௘ǴᡣᢀӀ࠼ૈ୼Бߡډၲǹٯӵଯ៓ǵ៓ၡǵ

ၮ୏ᢀӀ! ᢀӀၮ୏

ྕکޑۓက ֚ᜤޑۓက! ྕکޑۓက!

୷ܭҶ໕ሡ

؃Ь୏ୖᆶ ၮ୏!

ᢀӀ࠼೏୏ୖᆶၮ

୏Ǵ܈Ь୏ୖᆶၮ

୏Ǵբࣁԛाቚம!

ᢀӀ࠼ୖᆶϿ ໆޑၮ୏܈໕ ཨǴ೭ᅿୖᆶ પࣁଽᅟࣁϐ!

֚ᜤޑۓက!

Ь୏܈೏୏

ୖᆶ΋໨ၮ

୏ࢲ୏!

௘ၮޑֹπǵλෝ୯ሞᐒ൑ǵଯ໢ෝǵύξଯکࠄΒଯǴҬ೯БߡזೲǶ ΟǵԖਏޑၗૻ໺ኞǺගٮкϩޑҞޑӦၗૻගϲၯ࠼ჹҞޑӦ׎ຝǴаቚуځၯވޑ

ཀᜫǹ೸ၸזೲޑᆛሞᆛၡǵΓ܄ϯޑֹ๓ᆛ।ǵ୯ሞႝຎ໺ኞ

൞ᡏޑൔᏤஒଯࡀ੝ՅՉᎍ୯ሞǴٯӵଯѱཥᆪೀᏱԖѤৎԖጕ

ႝຎѠǵаϷֹ๓ޑᆛၡ໺ኞѳѠǶ

Ѥǵֹഢޑ१எǺᢀӀ࠼ډၲਓၯҞޑӦࡕՐஎǵᓓ໯฻୷ҁ୍ܺ֡ᔈॿӄǹଯೕ਱ޑ ϖࢃભ໭۫ǵ෠ଷ໭۫ǵਓᓔǵ҇எکᙦ൤٫ᓘ฻Ǵ΋ᔈॿӄǶ ϖǵؼӳޑα࿞Ǻ

Ԗӳޑ୍ܺωԖӳޑα࿞ǴԖӳޑα࿞ωૈளډၯ࠼ޑᇡӕቚуၯ࠼ਓၯޑᜫǹ༟

೷೿ѱ׎ຝǵ୯҇ᇡӕགک٬ڮགޑӆ௲ػǶќѦᢀӀᏢޣMacKayȐ2002ȑᇡࣁၮ୏

ᢀӀҞޑӦޑឦ܄Ӣનᔈх֖Πӈ੝ቻǺ

Ȑ΋ȑԾฅᆶЎϯǽٯӵഁѦӦ୔کӼᓉޑεԾฅǵቶݱޑ໒ܫޜ໔ǵЇΓᑫ፪ޑ॥ඳǵ ෫ݲᆶݞࢬǹٯӵᏜ΍ǵངݞǵࢃӀዸᓐǵዂమ෫ǵε᜻᡼୯ৎϦ

༜کप݅୯ৎϦ༜฻Ƕ

ȐΒȑШ᠍ђᙬޑ֎Їǽхࡴᐕў܈ԵђᏢᒪ֟ǵӦБ࿯ቼǵ୯ৎ܈ӦБޕӜϦ༜ǹٯ ӵᄡࢭϺӟ৐ǵѰᔼᙑࠤǵࡀܿ໵ᗴങ౼ǵܿෝЦಭ౼ǵᄡࢭ

ੇࢩϦ༜ǵമπၮ୏Ϧ༜฻Ƕ

ȐΟȑ೿ѱғࢲǽхࡴڹ໔ғࢲǵু኷ᆶᖼނǹεଯ໢Ӧ୔ԭ೤୘୮ǵࠤѱӀ൴Pubǵ Ꮬ΍کՋη᡼฻Ƕ

ȐѤȑᢀӀ୍ܺǽхࡴᓬ፦ᓓ᡺ǵֹ๓ޑᙴᕍ୍ܺǵؼӳޑҬ೯ǹϖࢃભ໭۫ǵߏ۪ǵ ᄪᕴǵଯᙴǵଯೲϦၡǵଯ៓ǵ௘ၮک៓ၡ฻Ƕ

ȐϖȑഁѦғࢲǽхࡴഄങǵ࣍ᘪǵ፞ച܈ځдഁѦғࢲǹଯࡀӦ୔চՐ҇೽ပᡏᡍϐ ਓǶ

ȐϤȑЊѦғࢲǽхࡴЊѦࢲ୏ୖᆶǵدΓޑਓᔼӦǹٯӵε᜻᡼୯ৎϦ༜៛ᔼ୔ǵε ፁᔼ฻Ƕ

ȐΎȑ཮᝼ӦᗺǽхࡴϦӅҬ೯ᆶ཮᝼൑Ӧ೛ࡼǹӚε໭۫೛Ԗ୯ሞ཮᝼᡺Ҭ೯ߡճǶ ќѦᏢޣStandeven and De KnopȐ1999ȑᇡࣁਓၯӦ୔ว৖ၮ୏ᢀӀѸ໪ڀഢΐ໨

୷ᘵచҹޑЍ࡭ǴхࡴǺȐ΋ȑԾฅඳᢀȐΒȑ୍ܺȐΟȑু኷ȐѤȑҬ೯ၮᒡȐϖȑ ࡌ೷೛ࡼȐϤȑՐஎȐΎȑၮ୏ᒪౢȐΖȑߡճ೛ࡼᆶȐΐȑၮ୏ಔᙃ฻Ƕ

ᆕӝ΢ॊᏢޣଯࡀӦ୔ၮ୏ᢀӀၗྍ੝ՅхࡴǺȐ΋ȑԾฅᆶΓЎᕉნȐΒȑᐕў ђᙬȐΟȑ౜жϯ೿ѱғࢲȐѤȑߵᓀ܄ȐϖȑЊѦᡏᡍȐϤȑߡ௘Ҭ೯ȐΎȑֹ๓Ր எᆶȐΖȑڈᐟ܄ǹҗа΢୷ᘵచҹԵໆǴаҏξ୯ৎϦ༜ǵε᜻᡼୯ৎϦ༜ǵᏜ΍୯ ৎϦ༜ǵᄡࢭъ৞฻ၨڀԖว৖ၮ୏ᢀӀޑወΚǶ

ҴǵଯࡀӦ୔ၮ୏ᢀӀϐว৖

! ! ଯߪ໢Ȑ2002ȑࡰрၮ୏ᆶᢀӀ่࣬ӝѸ໪ाڀഢ֎ЇΚޑขᗺǵᓓ໯ϷՐஎޑී

ࡑ୍ܺǵϕံ܄Ҷ໕ၯᏨǵуம܄Ѧᢀ೷ࠠᆶ୍ܺǵ྽Ӧۚ҇ᆶޗ୔ǵᢀӀਓၯӦ୔ک ၯ࠼ϐ໔ޑೱ่ᐏኺ܈Ӧ୔᏾ӝǶԶଯࡀӦ୔ᏱԖᙦ൤ޑξ݅ၗྍᆶᆟߏޑੇ۞ጕǴଛ ӝଯࡀӦ୔ࡽԖԾฅΓЎ੝Յᆶၮ୏࣬ᜢࢲ୏่࣬ӝǴว৖рᢀӀཥࠨᐒǹаΠ൩ଯࡀ Ӧ୔Ζᅿၮ୏ᢀӀၗྍ੝ՅǴٰ௖૸ӵՖว৖ଯࡀӦ୔ၮ୏ᢀӀǺ

΋ǵԾฅᆶΓЎᕉნ

Ѡ᡼ࢂ΋ঁੇ৞ࠠ୯ৎǴѤय़ᕉੇЪڀԖᐱ੝ޑξેӦ׎Ǵߚத፾ӝӚᅿၮ୏ᢀӀ ޑว৖ǺႽࢂଯ໢ޑᄡࢭǵࠄᐉᆶᏜ΍ǴӢࣁᏱԖᐱ੝ޑӦ౛ඳᢀکऍ᜽ޑੇ۞॥ඳǴ

٩ξय़ੇǴёаୖྣ୯ϣᖐᒤεࠠၮ୏ᖻ཮ԋфޑ࿶ᡍǺӵଭ܎݊ၡາǵ࿤Γݚ෠ࢲ୏

܈ԾՉًᝡᖻ฻࣬ᜢᡏػࢲ୏Ǵаගϲ྽Ӧਓၯޑ׎ຝᆶᢀӀਏ੻ǶࣗԿёճҔᖐᒤ 2009Шၮޑ࿶ᡍǴᆶਓၯ่࣬ӝǴೕჄόӕޑၮ୏ᢀӀՉำѺ೷ό΋ኬޑੇࢩ२೿ǹу

΢ଯࡀӦ୔ΓЎᕉნޑऍǴѺ೷ऍ᜽ޑࠄѠ᡼Ǵബ೷׳ଯޑᢀӀሽॶǶ Βǵўђᙬ

ଯࡀӦ୔ᏱԖ೚ӭڀԖᐕўሽॶޑђᙬᒪ֟Ǵхࡴᐕў܈ԵђᏢᒪ֟ǵӦБ

࿯ቼǵ୯ৎ܈ӦБޕӜϦ༜ǹٯӵᄡࢭϺӟ৐Ѱᔼᙑࠤǵࡀܿ໵ᗴങ౼ǵܿෝЦಭ౼ǵ ᄡࢭੇࢩϦ༜ǵമπၮ୏Ϧ༜฻Ƕ

Οǵ౜жϯ೿ѱғࢲ

ଯࡀӦ୔ᏱԖ೚ӭ౜жϯޑ೿ѱࡌᑐکֹ๓ޑғࢲᐒૈǴόᆅࢂқϺ܈ఁ΢ޑҶ ໕ǵᖼނ܈ᆒઓ΢ޑקวǴ೿ૈ಄ӝ୯ሞϯޑ኱ྗǶ

Ѥǵߵᓀ܄

ଯࡀӦ୔ᏱԖ೚ӭԾฅၗྍǴଛӝ྽ӦޑԾฅඳᢀ೛ीрڀԖߵᓀ܄ޑᢀӀࢲ୏Ǵ аڈᐟߵᓀࣁဦєǴᙖԜ֎ЇᢀӀ࠼ΓዊǴӵᖻ჏ྖ๔ᖀǵᏜ΍ፂੁǵ॥ԁၮ୏کྉྛ

ߵᓀϐਓǶ ϖǵЊѦᡏᡍ

ଯࡀӦ୔ᏱԖԾฅၗྍکֹ๓ޑЊѦҶ໕൑܌Ǵ٠ૈගٮӭϡޑҶ໕ᢀӀኳԄǴа

֎ЇӚԄӚኬޑሡ؃ǶӵࠄᐉԾՉًϐਓǵε᜻᡼୯ৎϦ༜ǵዂమ෫॥ඳ୔ᆶᏜ΍୯ৎ Ϧ༜Ƕ

Ϥǵߡ௘Ҭ೯

җܭଯ໢௘ၮޑ೯ًǴ٬ଯ໢ѱӧഌӦҬ೯Бय़׳ߡ௘Ǵ׳಄ӝ౜жϯ୯ሞ೿ѱǹ λෝǵࡀܿᐒ൑࣬ᝩޑ೛ҥǴаϷଯ៓ޑ೯ًǴӧҬ೯Бय़஥ٰ׳ӭޑߡճ܄Ϸቸ܄Ƕ Ύǵֹ๓Րஎ

ଯࡀӦ୔ڀԖ೚ӭϖࢃભޑ໭۫کӚᅿՐஎᒧ᏷Ǵа಄ӝӭቫԛޑၮ୏ᢀӀ࠼ሡ

؃Ƕ٬ਓ࠼ӧՐஎБय़คࡕ៝ϐኁکྠඊǴᙖԜගଯ߻۳ޑཀᜫǹ٠ၲډᆒઓᓸΚޑܫ

᚞Ƕ

Ζǵڈᐟ܄

༟೷όӕޑଯࡀཥཀຝࢂ֎Їၮ୏ᢀӀ࠼ӆԛਓၯޑཀᜫǴӵԴᐚྛݱՃǵྉྛϐ ਓǵᖻ჏०Չၮ୏ᆶᚹ۟ࢲ୏฻Ǵаቚуख़ၯཀᜫǶ

ഌǵ่ᇟ

ၮ୏ගٮԖሽॶޑၯ࠼ᡏᡍٰߦ຾ᢀӀౢ཰ޑว৖ǴᢀӀ೸ၸၮ୏ගܹᡏᡍޣ܈ᢀ

፞ޣޑᡏᡍޕ᝺Ȑଯ᐀ӀǴ2009ȑǶӧΒΜ΋Шइޑ౜ϞǴၮ୏όՠගٮᢀӀόӕޑག ڙǴᢀӀΨቹៜၮ୏ϐ୷ᘵࡌ೛کୖᆶǴӢԜၮ୏ౢ཰ᆶᢀӀౢ཰ᔈ࣬ϕ่ӝǴаගଯ ᓬ༈ޑᝡݾΚǶԶଯࡀӦ୔ᏱԖᙦ൤ޑξ݅ඳᢀᆶᆟߏޑੇ۞ጕǴࡹ۬ӵՖճҔࡽԖޑ

ၗྍᆶ҇໔Ҿ཰่࣬ӝǴว৖ڀԖ֎Ї܄ᆶϕံ܄ޑҶ໕ၯᏨǴа಄ӝόӕ഻ӳޑၮ୏

ᢀӀ࠼߻ٰǴ٠ബ೷׳εޑ୘ᐒǴٰቚуӦБิԏǶ

ୖԵЎ᝘

Ҭ೯೽ᢀӀֽȐ2007ȑǶᢀӀ࠼७ቚीฝǶЇԾᆛ֟Ǻ

http://admin.taiwan.net.tw/auser/b/doublep/9401(֖Ҟᒵ).doc

Չࡹଣ࿶ᔮࡌ೛ہ঩཮Ȑ2003ȑǶᢀӀϷၮ୏Ҷ໕୍ܺ཰ว৖ᆜሦϷՉ୏БਢǶ

ߋࡘཁǵ׵܍ᑣǴȐ2006ȑǴၮ୏ᢀӀᆶ୔ୱว৖Ǵύ๮ᡏػǴ20(2)Ǵp46-54Ƕ

஭᜔෫Ȑ2000ȑǶׇقǶၩܭ׵ሎ፵ǵ೾ࡌᑫጓǺ ᢀӀၯᏨၗྍೕჄȐ˨।ȑǶ ѠчѱǺඦඵǶ

໳ߎࢊȐ2006ȑǶၮ୏ᢀӀᏤፕǶѠчѱǺৣεਜलǶ

໳ߎࢊǵֆύཹȐ2005ȑǶ୯ϣၮ୏ᢀӀว৖ޑࡘோǶػၲᏢଣᏢൔǴ9 Ǵp259-282Ƕ ቅྣߎǵ஭ৎሎǵቅ΋ችǵ໳ႠలȐ2005ȑǶόӕᜪࠠၮ୏ᢀӀୖᆶޣޑਓၯ୏ᐒǵය

在文檔中 2009年第二屆運動科學暨休閒遊憩管理學術研討會論文集 (頁 28-200)