Future works

The empirical observations of the present study provide substantial evidence to improve our overall understanding of the interaction between language and perception of color. This is a critical issue related to the scientific field of cognitive linguistics, and it is also a fundamental topic in psychology. The current results are also comparable with the data in the WCS project.

Beyond the academic interests, from the practical point of view, knowledge about lexical color category is the groundwork in applied researches of color. It is meaningful and applicable to all kinds of visual display and communication involving colors. When color

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serves as a visual medium in carrying and conveying information, choosing them carefully from the well-known color categories would be a wiser strategy. People in the modern world rely on colors for acquiring immediate messages. We are so accustomed to dealing with innumerous types of color coded materials. Efficient color design in such message indexing applications requires the use of the most distinguishable colors, i.e., colors from distinct mental categories. The psychological distance between colors selected from independent color categories would be maximized, and thus minimizing the tax on the cognitive resource for recognizing these colors. The advance in the knowledge about color categories would certainly benefit design works involving colors as indexing symbols.

Further extension works of current study will focus on two lines: (1) deepen the understanding of color concept and color expressions in Mandarin. There is quite a few unsolved problems left by current research, and there is also a vacancy of color- related empirical data contributed from Mandarin, such as the development of secondary color terms, or the characteristics of modifiers. (2) Applying the knowledge of lexical color categories on practical issues. For example, the PCCS color system specifies corresponding range for color tones with modifiers like dull, bright, light, deep, and dark. Color specifications with language would greatly improve the efficiency and precision in the color planning works. Moreover, the features of categorical color perception and color lexical expressions could potentially link with many psychological aspects of color, including color associations and emotion, and even the preference of the color. These interesting issues await further investigations.

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