國
立
交
通
大
學
工業工程與管理學系
碩
士
論
文
應用改良型巨集式啟發式方法於 TFT-LCD 良率控制
最佳化之研究
TWO-PHASED META-HEURISTIC METHODS FOR THE
POST-MAPPING YIELD CONTROL PROBLEM
研 究 生：楊佳翰
指導教授：蘇朝墩 教授
應用改良型巨集式啟發式方法於 TFT-LCD
良率控制最佳化之研究
Two-Phased Meta-Heuristic Methods for the Post-Mapping Yield
Control Problem
研 究 生：楊佳翰 Student：Chia-Han Yang
指導教授：蘇朝墩
Advisor：Chao-Ton Su
國 立 交 通 大 學
工業工程與管理學系
碩 士 論 文
A ThesisSubmitted to Department of Industrial Engineering and Management College of Management
National Chiao Tung University in partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of Master
in
Industrial Engineering and Management June 2004
Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
誌謝
這篇論文的完成，第一個要感謝的當然是指導我的蘇朝墩教
授。這個論文題目是我剛上交大工工研究所時，蘇老師就給我的。
老師原本認為這麼早給我題目，我可以一年半就寫完畢業。然而，
我這個孽徒卻還是頑劣不堪，硬是搞了兩年才畢業。在此還要向
老師致上深深的歉意。
很幸運的，我這篇論文是接著王鵬森學長的論文繼續作下去，
所以在王鵬森學長的幫助下，我比較容易瞭解這個題目並進入狀
況。而其他實驗室的博士班學長們—許志華、許俊欽、賈容、陳
隆昇對我的「諄諄教誨」，也令我獲益良多。
我在寫這篇論文時，遇到最大的困難就是寫程式，而我在這裡
要感謝我的好同學—羅傑。每當程式 debug 時，羅傑就是我的一
盞明燈、一座燈塔，指引著我的方向。而同實驗室的榮輝，每次
要 meeting 或是要口試的時候，我們兩個總是一起在互相鼓勵。大
學時代的同學—老王、益參、芭樂和他們同寢的士凱也都會沒事
聊聊天、打打屁。最後還是老話一句，要感謝的人太多了，那就
謝天吧！
Contents
Abstract in English………..………i
Abstract in Chinese…...………..………..………..ii
Acknowledgement……….iii
1. Introduction………..………1
2. Post-Mapping Problem……….………..……...…3
3. Mathematical Model for the Optimal Post-Mapping Problem…….6
4. Meta-Heuristic Methods………..9
4.1 Genetic Algorithm………9
4.2 Simulated Annealing………...…10
5. Proposed Algorithms for the Post-Mapping Problem………12
5.1 GA for the post-mapping problem………..12
5.2 SA for the post-mapping problem………..14
5.3 Two-Phased Algorithms………….……….15
5.3.1 Two-phased GA-based algorithm………..…………..16
5.3.2 Two-phased SA-based algorithm……….…………...18
6. Numerical Analysis……….21
7. Conclusions………...29
Abstract
Yield control plays an important role in the TFT-LCD manufacturing firms, and the post-mapping operation is a crucial step. The post-mapping operation combines one TFT plate and one CF plate to form a LCD. Each TFT and CF plate is divided into a number of panels. The LCD panel is acceptable only when both TFT and CF panels are good. The TFT-LCD manufacturing firms use the sorter, a kind of robot, to increase the yield for matching TFT and CF plates. Evidently, there will be a great loss if a random mapping policy is executed. In this study, we first apply two of the most popular meta-heuristic methods to solve the post-mapping problem: GA and SA. However, when the number of matched cassettes is large, the number of ways for choosing different matched objects will become so enormous that the initial population in GA (or initial solution in SA) should be selected with a proper procedure. That is, we propose a two-phased GA and SA to improve the performance of the initial population. The basic concept of phase one is to generate an efficient initial population (or initial solution). In phase one, the initial population is created based on the optimal solution to the cassette-matching problem. In phase two, we perform GA (or SA) with the initial population created in phase one. The four different heuristic algorithms are tested for the same data to compare the various ports in the post-mapping yield control problem. The result shows that proposed two-phased algorithms provide a more excellent solution than GA and SA.
Key Words
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), Post-Mapping, Thin-Film-Transistor (TFT), Color-Filter (CF), Linear Programming, Genetic Algorithm, Simulated Annealing
