持續性社會動員與功能分析

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(1)*~itt*~~/ ~~ 86. 3. R /m1\M/W 259. - 285. t~*li'i ffi± ~11.J fi ~lh ti~~ *JT *. 7i #. ••• *•• •••• ~. ~l**. '~~T~~.#~~.~. •• ~t~~·*~_ •. • *~# •• ~'6.~.#·.I •• ~ •• ~~*•• ~~~M • • ~~#· ~~~.#~~~~~ •• '~ •• ~~a~*~~#'~~~ •• ~.(M •• m)~~.~a.~~*·~.~a·.~k*ft~#*M~.~.#~#~~*. ... ~~~~;R~~~#.~.~.~~~~.#~~*~~~r'*ft~##~~. *••• ~.~*ft •• ·~* •• ~~~S·.~.~~~.~.~ .~~~~~·.~. •• ~~~·~.-~~*M~~~~h~.m·~.~~.. *•• ••. ~;k!&.Jt.A-~:J.h. ~·*~~t~,a~*ft~#~A~~.~#.~~*·~. •• ~~.~#~#. m~ jl ~ .~t.. ~ .~;fJJ:M: • • -~ ~. 11'1 ~J:.. ; I#-.J.'l ~ til '. I§l ~ R. e... ~~. Flt#-:tt Louis Althusser •. J.'lJ.'l14t~. a 111'. um~:~~,~.,*.,~~,.~o. •. ~.~. ~lfjipjULm~~~AffMlOOlil*)(. , Mtm1Jt;Jf:'mf'rttl¥Jij!ji. ··.~*.~.~~m~~~~m~. *~*.jji±fI.*~f£ii1tl~~. 259 . 0. •.

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(3) ~ Ilf£itht!l!b ft Ytfl1Jfj~ :$Hff. AtJI!tt%Httmtl '. EJt)Ji!:tElt1jl~~r:p f3?&ft. ~ J ~~m~~. ( discourse). (. 3. naturalize ) fflt1~It1~~. rm. 0. It ~ @lBi Max Weber fif=if~UJf~{£1fID'tii~~~ltt, !lG3Z.m~ 7 Weber ~.{£;t:~~~~( ~. MRftltt). °tE~fi~~(~~.~~)~H.r:p'!lGN~~~fi~nW.. ~~~~~mw~o*~~~~tt~~-~m~~,~~~~~~~~~.. ~'~.m~ijg'.~'R~*~~tE~~.~~~m'~~~~*Xm~ ~ • • r~~J~!tt.~~.®~I~o~'*~.~ • • :m~ftltt.r:p fi~~~ijg~~. , J!!~i®r-Itm. (&mr-Itm.~~~~) R.~~~~~. ,W. ~~.~~fflt1~.*M*1fI.ilim~!tt.~~;~~mm.~~*.3Z.. ~.Mfflt1~~* • • ~~~R-&fifi~~~*.M'.~EJnilimfi ~~mijg~.~~~. 0. ~~. ,. tE!lG1M1W. Weber ~rru. .'Ut.l~U~~~$19U- 1995. $ftf:. 0. 95. fF. 7 ~ 11. FJ '. ' ~!lG1M:9cJ&~*xltt. *'f~~~~m~amfi:Jm~lI1~. I. fF 7 FJ r:p1ij , fi 500 ~~~IH3~II1;tfam*'f~~m!*r~ , m~amlUJMtt. tE~~*W~IJJT~iliJj!~~ ABS. ?fff.ii 4 MFJ~~. 0. 2mlt1illMm*$ftf:~±. ~}Jj{~, ~?fff~.m!~1L 8 fF*~m~*c~ffT~~~~~B"JfJl~' WtJ.fim ABS .~~Jj!~ii~1S (~~~, 1996 : 41-43). 0. ~JR'M.lF.frdJltt1tIH!!;~U 4. 00. FJ ~~ , f{U~~~?fff71H~~~lJJTtJ.~.~lttjf*A~¥.¥~1M~m* : ~~ , ~ fi,am~~ • • ltt,~~~~~ltt·m~ltt·~~f3mr.~~ • • J. '. &~~~~0ffT·am.$~m~~ltt~~o.~UJf~~'!IG~~.ltt~~. M&~$Am~~~m*tE¥.¥.~m.'~~!lGW~nN~m~A~.~~. -. 261 .

(4) 4. ~~~rm~Jm~~.~~*U'~~~~Wm~~~-~~~~~~~N ~~~;~~~rm~J~~'~~.~ • • ~ • • ~."~-~OO·.~ a~~~m~D$~fi~·~*a~n~~~ • • :~.~~$.&~.~ P9~. , ID~7*fE~ " ~~~5fiiffi{JtIll.~UlrJHgHl~~fjg. j;J..~l5fti~~~~It*U. '. iW~) 'ffff~~1t;fJf~~.&. (i!2.~a~m~. r 'M~ J. ~ r3 ~1t;~. *·m~fi~.~JtMm~B~III~~M*,m~m~.R.~ItMffff~~ ~fl~. , i!2JE.L-::,{m~~filJjJ&~~m~ , s1ft41 ABS Jii~WJRM " ta1i~~1It '. a~i!2.R7~Wm~~~~n~fi·~fi_~Wfi.~Wn.~~~** ~(~fl~B~III.)$~MM~~~". ,. ii~zpJTj;J.~M~!t*JTm;m~-j;J.'&M 1=1 $~*JT._~-~~fjgm. ~. .~~.~ln. ~~,. Weber ~i*.$mfJHB~~~W~fjg~fi~JEtiLrl'1~Jii " ~. Weber B"Jrl'1~Jii ' RI]f9!~'M'1~~tiL~t/jm±~~4~~i*.~ii~ · i!2*1C. 5}ml:k: · ~fI-ii~iW. 0. W~crmt/j~m.~~~~~~~~fi~~=.:~*~"~~~"~ fjg~. ,. ffff~~~M~B"Jl7*i7G~fiJJB.. ( Weber, 1968 : 7 & 14-18 ). : Ltj(~/*G* " -'¥~/EI ~ " g~~/~II. ,,~s1ftft(~.5tfi~i*~Bt¥Jm~~N· ~~. ~JEtiL:.m.,,~.t¥J~~~ft(~*5tfi.~;~~~fi~~!tA~~~ ~. A~r3tf;~~. -. ~~B'g. -. ffff~' .R~mAlliMff_~B"J~D11. 'tt5}fimm. r _It J ffi{~.L-::,{tm~*~fiz~ JE ; ~ln'M'~~~fjg5tfi '. ~71fjg3'iSf'F~~~fit¥J. r :fn?1J~m J. .:A.iE{(.J~J«H!.;f±it~;VIJ:i;-fft. ;f±.jf tp , kit)f In:#\ ~ 5t3t 51. "~m. ( 1968. Weber~:g. : 18) :. r :Vlj r." ~;f-t : .tf.[ 1~.~.Jf~]j~Ala~;f±' it.i.,A. *. ;f±.;Jf A Jl ~ ~.hu. 262 . *. {(.J H ~ , [m1 ~t ~ {(.J ft *].

(5) f;j. _tEn *!III.ft ~J;lJfjlHt fJT. 5. «~~#~~~~A~#T*?*~.~~R.U~_~.ff~~.~. ~'R.~~~~~~~~~~.~o. ' ~1rrijJ tJtt~U~:%fW flU:%f I!ffI~IHI iE.1i:fJEzJ1i I~IHII¥-]:If:: : mtf:B5B ~/~e:f!I:If::J1Jfi~~ ffil¥-]iffB .. · iID:If::mttJ1Jfi~J.!~*~ffil¥-]a~gf*' ; :fJEI¥-]:If::: Weber ~B~;fi$UJ1J ~J.!.fi~ffi~~~mzJ1i·~.M.~fi~~'~~I¥-]1J~.:%f·&iID • • fi~ffi~:f~, •• =~I¥-].fi·~*·J1J.~ffi~R~.-:%fo (*~ mllYml¥-]"~ , it:If::J!tiij IMfl~fiJ.! Erving Goffman I¥-] r m~ J lm ' tI~ it Weber ffflJll/J'1¥-] , .fiJ.!J1Jfi~~ffimf§~l¥-]g. ~fJGfrj;tlmMHlzJ1i ffift•• ~~.e'.iID.~~ft.h~~~I¥-]Mm~·W.~eM~ &:!\~m-iJUl~l¥-]jfrfS : ~iE:If:: Weber 1t1f:fff;fi$UI¥-] r 1itl J w.±.'~I¥-]~ffi .~o~.;tm.~el¥-] •• 'N;fi.-•• ~~~.~m~.~~~JE. J!1¥-]J1J.~ffi·~m~l¥-]1Ji:t.:%f;fi*,m7~* •• :.;t·:If::ffift.E ~~~.e·N.iIDffir~.JI¥-]~~W.~~M~ ••ffl~A~W'~:If:: tJEJ:t; ( analogy ) ~f§~ffi ( analysis ) I¥-] • • 3jt;X , tnliffl ~.E.t~~ ~ffi:%f:If::m- •• ~.I¥-]~@'~~R1i&.~~.~jt.~mmA.ft.~ ~1¥-]§1¥-]·~~ft.~ •• ft.~I¥-]M~:If::~~R.~~fff~~o.z'$ ~/~el¥-] gi*'~.~W!±.'J1Jfi~~ffil¥-]iffB.1Wf ' it.l¥3&E~J.!m5E :3:::~D:3::: fi~:%fl¥-].~I¥-];£m ( Little, 1989 : 62 ; Elster, 1989 : 98-100) tJ Weber l¥-]1Ji:t~ll!fMWOOm~1Ji:t~:%fl¥-]lmi:t 0. 0. ). 0. 0. 0. m~1Ji:t.:%f.-~mW'~*ffift.m.~I¥-]J1J.J.!~*gf*',1t~ :If::$~J.!~e~lWfoo~.~I¥-]~.*;fi(~ffiJ1J.gf*'1t~~*gf*'I¥-]M. WU). '~UJ1Jfi~~ffi:If::. ffifllJLI¥-]111i5l~. mtJ~JLI¥-] , ~~~W!±.I¥-]~*JW~. , ~*I¥-]~. ( maintenance ). 263 . (ElP~e) B~~. m~EB!tt5mtlftU:fIfi1tiUiBtJW.

(6) 6. M~~~~*. ••. (~.ff~ft~fi). m~~.~m.M*o~mm. ~m~~. ;R~·~~mm.$~~·m.g. ••• Hm~s.®M~·Mm~~~~m.. ••• ·W.ffD~.M~*·.~7R.~~M·~~*.7~. ~~.~~~'~®M.7m.~.ffo~~~·~~~m~~~~~*H. r* J .~fl.~mu · iWllf:tJ ( feedback) ftt. r ~ J ·. f*'B~~1L~frjfll!r'. m~*M.~~~~ftHf*'~m~~1L,~~:~ft~fi~~*~fi~MM. ( Elster, 1986 : 32 ; Stinchcombe, 1968 : 106). , l!I!~l&lf:tJ~fJT Stinchcombe ,,1f:tJ~~~ , ~fr!JlIt~mIJ1M~ r tt.~* J (sunk cost). ~.,. ~18J. 0. 0. Stinchcombe. W Elster. ~~~L~~fl.~mUIF.j. ~'~ff' tmm~-~fl*~~~~§f!~.r:*®~fi~!&@J~.It, ~J!il. •••g.~~~m·~-~~fl*.M ••~oW~·~Alf:tJffa~*. ~.~.~.~ ••• ft.·~~mr~ftB~J oa~~~m • • ~~18J .{a~OOOO~~l!I!ffi~-·m.~mff0.·Rm~ff ••• ±.·~~~ ~IF.jOO·Mh~.1It.,~~~ftlF.j~~8~~~~~tt.~*?M*' • •• ~Mr*JRm~~~o~m·~~M •• m~l!I!~~rm~J~. ~~I8J •• ~~~~:~A±~~I8JIF.j·.~*~ft~.M~~M m.A~~ ••• ~~~'~.~.±.~~ ~ ;~~~R.~7. .. ••. *•••. ±a~mMmU~:ft!~~J~\. .~f*m Elster ~~7*. '. m~fi~~fi~~MitlJ. •• ~ R.J5fi§f!~Jt~JZ ' ;tt~figW B. F. Skinner mU~~itpJfm~1t~ CiE.11::) W•• (~5~11::) m;f§I8J~ (5lfl: 00, 1990 : 231-242 ) J!JZ~.1I::f'Fm '*JTm~~mM7~1rJ~.g , ~. r *5~ J. 0. '±~R~tl[J~m~~~. 0. • •. t9.fM~&.!1f!M.~lrJ(t-Jm.. 0. ~:tcm-R1i7*~~mjl Weber ~J1&. -. 264 . '. ~alrJ¥J~frj~~JE~!1f!1i. :.

(7) r. ~.ttjf lfiUffJ ~ fliP:)] ~1E jf;fJf. 7. Stinchcombe ' Little lJt. Elster JG~/f'~ Weber mffiB"J~ft:$tfJT ' ~~~ftW. J1J fijjg :$t fJT B"J IHJ flf( 1968 : 27-24). 0. 4 ,. Weber:tt ~. :$t fJT ft 1-:): mfj Jjj ~. PI j;J t3 It B"J Jjj fI .. ~~'M~~Wi~:f~ Weber um-l;;1]:f~;tf!rF.JJEfrJjj~Jjj. .~'~.~~-~OOmfiJjj~~ttB"Jr~~~J@m*7m~OOJjjflo. Weber 1fi~Jjjfl~?&fj!~~JjjflJjm~fiJjj~~U®~ 7 ft~§B"J. ' fffif*J&~ ~fi~~~B"JIHJ.,~~~Jjjfl ••~.~W.wm~B"Jm~~ •• ,~PI fijgpx~m.Ifd:*ijU~!B"JJjj{~ ( 1968 : 10-11 ) -gft:$tfJTm~ , ~~BPI ~~.ffl~*:$tfJTH~~~AB"J/f'~o. ' fTJjj~~••X~~tJf ' ~i!ffi~~ , NPWA !j!(;Wt3Bx~ , fffit3It~Ut3BB"JJjjflB"J ( cf. Volosinov, 1973 : 11-13) 5 ~.~:$tfJT'~~PI~~ •• pxg~B"J~·#·.,~~~tJf~?moo.~ :ff§. Weber &~lj~tl ' m1~B"J117*~~~iffrf~7 f§.~, EliJ I~~~ (lJt. EBWtJf.PXB"J~~15 ' ~ffi~~) B"J1t~Z. ' 6 Weber EI3~~/§B"J$B.~m f§.~ Weber &flm*~U. 0. 0. B"JJjjfl~~ft:$tfJT'KPI~.~~117*~~m.'~~.~*Z~~~.= :$t.~mB"JIHJ~~~o~~~U~mm~B"J~T'~~~ft·~fijg·~*B"J IHJflf-~[]T. :. fiEliJ- PIm' Weber. r mM7~ «I J 'W~~~m~(-)~tJ=:$t/~m$B.7m~fijg (WJlij , .tIt-=7G~ § Jj~ ffl~.~~~.~*B"J~.IHJ~) ;O~~.M.~~B"JW.~~(W •• ~%tflffitlB"J~~lHJflf-' ~mlffifiP) ~[]*&~m@mffitl, Weber J!!PIj;Jlj~tl ' ~B"J~ft:$tfJTmPI~m~~:$tfJT.M~~tJfB"JIt~~: •• X~W.'~. 'MfJJ~~~fijg:$tfJT ~fijg'Mf'Fgft:$tfJTB"J. 0. B"JfiJjj~-1100~m~~MaB"JJjj.T,~m~.B"J~~'M~.~m~#. mW~~~B"J§B"J;~&~~~B"J'mm~B"J~~*~m~.o~-1100~. I. l. 265 .

(8) 8. .~~'~Rm~~WG~.,.m~~~. ~~.m.'W~m~~.R~. •• ~~~;W~.~.*M.. •• ~~G~~~~m-~.ft~.~~. .~~~,~~~~-~~~m~~~~~~~1'~m.~~~~·~~~. z.'. ~~~~.m.~'~~1'~m.~~Gft~.o.~ Il4JU~R Weber ~~l**§&. ~ii J. ;. · ~PJTm~.Ji~~ffl"~~fj~~~~. r f}]~. W:tJJfj~~~~~~11JWilffij;fI~1ISl~.OO~~~]'[w~-~mw~. ~~ffSSl:ijHtJJ7:*~~~i11 Weber Z~. ~Z. •• '~~~7~~. '. 0. Jt~ Weber R:EJ!ftj±ttf~~JJ~~~Jt:tJJfj~~~~M~. , -JfU~. ~1MWJ~fUm=ffl)~/~fl!1IliB.ji1T~fj~~~~1''M'-~~ViE~~ltlIf'.t.flPViEt;t ~~~~[]~fj~~.1il. 0. wJlU~~Wii?;f[frJJJ7:*~~-~[] Weber - . ' 1ftt;fI~. ~~Jt:tJJfj~1k.~~~~iIl!ft;. W- JIijIA~~' *§H~~~( 1k Goffman. ~M.).~Z.'~~~G~n~~~~~~~~'MG~~m~ff.~ M.~eo~W'~~w • • m.~~~~?. ~. •• ~.~G~~~~~~~~z~,~~~m~G~~~~.MM. ~H~. , Jt~~H.~ (. fl~. Gellner B"JM~.~ (~1J'*~~) ~~R Althusser B"J-JB~~~. 0. ideology ) -ff.~?ffffSSl:~fi3~**1C-~~~. · Wt*. m=ffl)~~fl!1~~fiIliB.'ii?W~A-ft~Gm~~~~~ •• ~o.~~m ~~~~~3. '. ~1MWI!1~tfj. : ji.Wfll{'F~;fI.~~1T.~.~g. ' ~p1itm:1! ;. M>JU~ Althusser ~1~.~~. ~{t~.-fY!1T.~.aJ!.~~*~~. ~-J!~~1r'1 • • ttf5!l~$UPJT1'-ar1!lG~~.~. 0. 19951¥ 12 F.l::ti®t!t~~::gA~~~ Ernest Gellner'. 266 . 1£. 19831¥tf:Hi&7.

(9) ~.tE tt tf!IJJ ~ WJjJ"~7HJT. ijl~. 80 ~{~tJ~et:re~1i~t±~~~H¥J!J\If-. ~lltlfl¥Jml6 ±~. '. , :lir6f~'M'. 1Il-~fi. 0. 9. (~m/W~1f~L±~). 0. fJt1MlM. {£~iW1I Gellner mrJJfi~~5tfJT 181!t*GtJ*iffiUiXJI!~I¥J~~ 0. ~~I¥J1JJt. fJt1Mlffjf~te,. '. j!U~tJ Gellner I¥Jm~. (111-) fiW,1J:fWl¥J. Gellner 1¥J~1i'*±~m~fI:!~±~oo~I¥J~~.. '. ~~I~tt~~m~*I¥J~~'~&7J:fWm~~~1J~~~l¥Jnl6o~ ,~~m~~~fl~~~1i'*±~~~I¥J~~'~~illM~~~~Wm*M D·I~tt~~~~~~M.~5t'~A7~- • • • • Z~o. Gellner lt~~~*m~iffiItI~!'fifiP ' ~lrgt~I~~~~tE.~~±~HJJ wmP.I~I¥J~~. ( 1983 : 108,. 1). 0. ~m*~. , illfi~~f~I¥J~.~. tt~~~m~I~.~m~I¥J~~~~:{£.-l¥Jafflm*~, ffm~. ~. , ~gt~m~=r-:~r=iJ J:I . J:f1fI¥JA~ ( 1983 : 110). , iffiUiXl¥Jm/*MD$t~7.··-affl '. • •~• • 0. ~t~~~. f~jl.ff. . wll~A~~=r-:l¥JffB ; IE] If!j , m*~~f'F~~{£5'l:.ffA~I¥J~~9m1Jiii ' .~7 ~1f*±~-lt~1E] r a ffl~~H!W1f*liW~~nmfll¥Jaffl/I1:W-j!U J ( 1983 : 1 ) ~llt ' I~~. 0. ~~.* • • ~I¥J~~'~~nmflm*MDm.ffll¥J~$~WAo~1f*m* WI~;f!±~I¥J~flm~~~~. 0. m.~~1f*±~1'JJ~~.6XI~;f!±~~!i;i¥l ~\~ JfJlitf:. ( 1983 : 129), ~~(j~~?VfijJEI~;fd:~~f'FJ:I¥JIZY*~* ( 1983 : 35) : A~1}ii~=r-: . 5'l:~i1i!wH~ffiJtEgt~rfj~J:rmlJJ§tm . m.-I¥J~B;;7$Jmi . fl-II*I¥J.ff m*o{£ill~fJt1MM.I¥J • • '~1f*±~5.tE.~I~tt~Z.'~~ •. •. ~1i'*±~~~jftJM~*fi~tJ~'r¥Lij!~;fd:~I¥J~f'F~*. 7J;}J(j~5tfJT J:l¥Jt~~~MltiU. ; RP , ~1i'*±~~.6X. 0. Gellner 1¥J~1i'*±~rJJ(j~5tfJTfl~$~ ? fl. 267 . ' ffiJ J3.1' it ~~~ifij. , ~fJt1rjfiW,1.

(10) r t. 10. ( feedback loop) ~~~~*M.~&* •• M-Wm~;ft.IIl=~.(~ ••• )&~ ftB- W*JlfiXl¥JimI IIFf ~ filijlill¥JimI III*/j \fj JiU ' ~1£1i ~ ~ 1:fjfilij Ii ~ il : t-)5tfffJi~1'~ , !i~imIlIlfjJiU 1Il-P.1{&~m;m*l¥JlIfmJi~ ( micro l~el) • • ,~~w~ ••• r.ffl~.~m ••7M.Jl¥J•• W~~o .*••M.~l¥Jm~MI¥J~(.g)M'm*~~I¥J*.W.m*M.~ •• wm~-*JTm;~~ , tlDft5tfff-~U1£~M1:r:um ~ ~~ , ¥}~UiX1Mi!?. Iil- ~ 1Il=l¥Jm~' --f~~ §7t' iX1Mff~fUIiI-l¥JjOOlII 0. 0. 0. ~m1~1i~~Wmlm. '. mfj~5tfffH!.~~.5tfff~f¥tll¥Jl¥l~. 0. 1Il=~Ut!P&.. ( macro-level ) l¥J5tfff: Gellner Nlt~l¥Jm~~:±il1£~lIfid:*"~ ~mID~~@I¥J~~'W •• ~.I~tt*~ti~1'~l¥Jm~ott*m~ • •• '.~~:±il~~* ••~tt*I¥J~.'1£.~5~1:~1'*.'$fi imIlIlj,fj/J\l¥Jm~ w~lII- S j,fj/j\ · .~~mfjE5tfffml.~.5tfffffijff1£~ r~~Jm $1l1:' Gellner m~.~m~1i~~W!f~ ... mfj~5tfffI¥JJEfll ~1£~mJi~~fft.Amfj~1~ff~.I¥J5tfff ; W~lIf~~W Gellner 1*ffl$?j-1 mJi~. 0. t. 0. ~ml¥J5tfffJJB.fj~1IJtuJf*'. 0. flit.. Gellner I¥Jm~. t. iX1M~mid:*Jtm~~. ~.'Wtt*~¥}~.~1:JiI¥JMN(~.)&~~~.(~~:±~)m~. ~m,~~~tt*§~I¥J~~~!i(~~I~tt*);7ffij1'~m~m*.~. r i!1H'P~1lf: J (1983 : 35) ~ P.1~~~:±ftl¥J~li 1.1'ml~~.$:a~M- . ftft.&'A~.fflM-I¥JM~."~~mft ~.1'P~. .. I~W.±*I¥J. .~m~ZOO°1:~-Wi!?.mm~tt*M.l¥Ja~.*:~~fiX§~~.. ••• ,~~:±ft~~~.~ft* ~mlM •• , •• -al¥Jff1£o1£~m.ml¥Jm~5tfff~'~ •• ~fiX•• ~~m( •• M.)l¥Jm~~~z~~;ffijM.P.1mm~~-.*l¥Jfj •• : *'~~~~l¥JrM.J1£~~~.m~. 268.

(11) r.J 1ft!iJ± 1f!IIJIHIi.! ;c}J~M-HJT. l:::fl"flIf* ( need (t-JA:11 '. ) fiIJ&fl"~~. ( desire). ; W!B~ilh1G7trW($fiIJ::f~&J6t. i!?.ff::JJ7!~1!f Elster f,HllfJl!:I/J~g7tffi~. ( 1986 : 31). II. r ~AJ~~(t-J J. iiJf~iai~. 0. ~~'M~(t-J~MZ~'~OO~-,~=,a~~~~.mr~.M. ~.~fr~J(t-J~Mo~-a~.~.W!.MZM.(t-J • • ~3,~~mH mfj;(t-J~JL\. 0. ffij~=(t-J~~:±~M$U. '. fiIJ~. Gellner 1983. r:p(t-Jm(~, ~~1£. ~H~~.m~(t-J~~:±~(mt.)Z~'W~7!W~~:±~ID~~~* E~XlJ~g%.lfS~i1. 0. nr.1 ' . Gellner. J;)Jfij11J~Bf1£-m~m~H~~ml!i. ' tt=. 1!f1£tln ' ~ff ' ::>Cft~nJ:~~f~&JJUfJli1h1G~.~~:±~ Ili~tln ' ~ff ' ::>Cfti!?gt~iW~mI*Ma(t-JIf'FJj § &I~Wd:W!(t-J*s.flIf* !Jj~Jt!np 0. 0. tlf!~7J~~7 Gellner (t-J~~ff1£. (np , -::JJOOmI*Mat(.~If'FIIJj,t7 A.~. (t-J~~:±.,tlf!~~ • •I~~m;~-::JJoo'*s • • *.~7A.~.~~ OOJ:(t-J~~:±.,~~~.*aW~.1£.fir:p(t-J=JjI~). $u(t-J~tln. ,a~ • • •. ' ::>cft=1!f:mt](lJ;) r mI* J ' r ~~:±. J ' r I~Wd:W! J .::.Jj:t.. ' fiIJ&fl".$U~=1!ff'F~~* ( variables) (t-Jtt. ' &ffg~Zrd]~ g~~ifi~ ~11J Gellner (t-J~~:±.~~ , li!.m~~~1£;fIn ' ~ff ' ::>c ft= f3L-IIJ:~~~R~ NlZ, Gellner 1£iiJf~~~:±~ftf ffl$U~m~g7tffi' --fW1£::JJi*~1fB J:.~ tlf!m$7t~II(t-J • • '.&7m~g~~~~*g~ffijh1G~~m~::JJ7!~~ I!i ; M~U1£l!f!~m.J: ' *~gifi~ ~~:±~~fi~l!f! ( ideology ) (t-J • • ~ '. ~ff. 0. 0. 3,ffijMAWmI*'I~Rw!~~~Sm~.~~ooo ~[I*~ Gellner ~~~m~g7tffi(t-JR~!tBUI~m-~*7tffi' jj~~*Stfij:±~,~ 5lJ5H~~1!f Althusser 1£H~~l!f!Wf. ' ~J;)~m*~~~*7tffiB"Jff1£ 1£ffg:mt 0. -. 269 .

(12) 12. RJijm~ r 1tf~~~~ffifil¥JlDljJDt* J. -. <g~W~~~* > t=p. (. Eagleton,. 1994 : 87) , Althusser j;J.~J\iI¥J:Wfi~IDl1**m" r ffi::f.lf J iii±W1M~t=p. ,. 8. ~.IAI¥J.::f.lf~W~ffl~~WB.-B.M.~I¥JIDl1*°~I¥J.~a~~ 1I1=:~~. 0. a~~;fJf Althusser l¥J:wfi~~~~~~i. ' .±~tE1~ili ' ~1E1iig,~1t. ~,~~~~m&fi.~.~~~~~.~.I¥J~~~~*'W.~$~. .al¥J•• '~ffi~~*m~~fi.~*.~.~M.ZW~~~I¥J~m~ f$!o. #~~it*. Uft {(.J ~ .tIn. ( ;t~~.tt~O. *. Jl:. i"5" ~. ( l§l. 270 . 69).

(13) f-Ulttlii± ftitJ Ii JPIJfig5};fJT. 13. "f;J.!. ({i~)\. /. .i..ft. / 1.& fill. 1*. ( itM-tH: ;;r ). "f;J.!III*. \. ---------+1* 1.& fill. (Mt# , *1.,1.). 111= !Ii! Althusser. m. 0. Althusser. Althusser 1!t.~iitl:.a9~ifruHi;z1!1i1I:tjJfi~~*". EI"l~mfjff;f§Bi. ~~~~~~. '. ~ir]1::£[IF:::EI"lfi~JI-~~-r~rF1r. r ~.Bi~tEl"l*fHl\Jfl'l J. ,~3@I~-1lJffiIJr±fl'l. ( ideological state apparatus, ISA ). f1Jf~IlJ3~~. f§1fOOMEI"lf'Pffl '. 9~~*5mf,l5E7 ISA~±fit~rd1E1"l±~iJf~. ( Subjection,. 1969 : 180-183). 0. ( subject ). !Ii!~~m*~~. W1 r=t ~ , ~~*5mtl[l~"JIpg~ , ~AJ~EI"lgt~±fl'l!li! ISA. 1ff§OOMm~EI"l~.iJ~;~m~m@±~iJ~.~~~,~~~.~rB. ~J~*~EI"l~-1lJ~~~~r±fl'lJ. 0. Althusser III f?lJ 1m gJ3 ~ ~ ~,. ± IIEI"l B ~ ~ iliU ~ tl[l fijI ~ i'P EI"l ( 167-170 ) :. mm1lJA'§'MmiillfIEI"lJJl!fil '. 1969 :. ;!t.:ffdz;;J*~~~Bff~*~ifiJJfft. m1lJI~~~,.fft~ • • W~.Mm~~'1lJII.~ff~~~m.~., 1lJA;t~~~ftBBa&~J:*. 0. RP , 1lJAEI"lm~ , ~~J)~E13 ISA 'iliUffttlA '. 1lJllfi~'. (• • • EI"l)~.~~m~5E'mgt~B~~.~~fflo 'ilitmll~mmm$~. ' ~~*5ffiJXt)JfUH~~1:iJ ( mirror recognition) EI"l. -. 271.

(14) 14. tlittl. '.J.M:t)'iii$~J:f:IJLA"J ISA Wa!rl~~B~[IYmli~H*,. fnBt~ a ~1ErB ~fflG fi3 jjI$B~. ± ft ; ftf!.P}~~~. g!.. (. 1969 : 177-181 ) :. ~~-. 00. ± ft -RPiii$ -B'gm. ~;.OO~~~Aliffi~~·a!rl~~liffi~~·.-~~±ft~~~r~.. fIE J. ~~lmf*,. ;. mtf&JlU~tri&~ r ~1EE~ J B'gf¥fr-,R~~i~*5t. ' J:iii. ~.W*~o~ft'~~~W.H~~~~m'~~fr±ft.J:~~~*~. * : (1)ftf!.ff~. aB~f~f.cp.5t~~. /f'~U~~~itfr ISA • fi~. ( denegation, 1969 : 175) ~~~-B'g~*. ~A}jilz$. . fj~·. ( 1969 : 172). ~zJ:f:I-!l:t~~~~~ft~~~5&*. '(:-J)mH::£!l:tffBJlJ( f&-Jlfitr ~ ~umil~~-1t'F1¥J. ( 1969 : 181) ;. ill-=::*5&*l:1JniHflj~~~{t~*. [email protected]~ ISA ~Jfi~JE±ftB'gfr~~~ IDiB~. ~{t~*zf&'. '(2)~~ffB:g. JlJTfj ISA B'g1.m~ ( aggregated ). 0. , ~:i§teft1rJm. ~*J.M:~~mfi±flf. B ~- E3 j:1B~3(;t:t1:\l.; Althusser i:£!l:tlfthF' ~3(;t:tf:\l.lE~~miii±Wl~~J:f:I ' ~~lmf*,/f'j;fi1!I~~8Ht:J!Ulm ~~ltilD1f*,B'gmfi§1l)fS. f.tt~~UJf~B'gft'-1ti. )Ie , t~. ( 1969 : 183 ). 0. 4l-3(;t:tf:\l.f5t~T~=m:*ft. 0. ' ftfFJi1 Althusser. Mj~Et~B'gfl~fi~1lJm~. 4l-fi ISA QJ:a1JD~t).:i§fflGP}~£B'g~ft~* '. Althusser ~~B~jjs;\;. , >H~!Fs~ ,. *.11l!~-*rn~~. ffi.ir)ifi~~ifBB'g1.Yi1m. 0. 0. t:r. , J!W. Althusser ±~nr. ~~~'J.M:~±m~.J:~~m~mW/f'i@~~-~~~.~~.'E1rJ •. •. ,. ±.B'gtl~W~~.~~~fi.HB~oill.~±mm.m~~Wl.~.. l!2~~1.~B~1§~-~t';frjj~fI. ? *~~.~~~~. ~1 t). Weber B'gpjG~f'F. (~.~~~~fi.*±~m~)~~oSftf!.M~.~~.~~~~ft~1¥J. Af.tt• • ~~~Z.'~.rm~.*±~~~~m.zq'.lli~.1¥J James Coleman ~~r~tH. ' Weber fr~1m:!i::f.ttf~.m;~#t~tij:1B1Jo*~t).~m. -. 272 .

(15) ~~ttil:. *111 ~ WJ/JfJg5}fff. 15. ateJif::xft9*5* ' jlg~ Weber slft&flf1Efjt~~'jUt~.ft9A:l:i!IA ' Ji!± ' ij,IG ~m~1Wflft9m#t ( 1992 : 10-11 ) Rm¥~~ft9A ' t~:f~gjlg~j:t~* ft~.W~ •• ~ft9.~ff~,.~ft~~.~W.*±.ft9.*,XW~ Althusser ~.~m~fi:f~~~~fiiU1l' ' 1W~ r J ft9~~M~iJir1'f~ fI' ~g~j:t~ltB r*iE~~k1~1*,:f~J ft9~~ ( 1969 : 154) 0. 0. ~::x,~*a~.~m~.~~~~~fi~jlg.~fiMMft9~~,OOW. •• m~:~~M.~W~aN~,&~±e-~OOM g~.*Wff'~-~OOX~~Bft9ff~ •• ~~.~.ft9~~~~*? Althusser ft9@]~.~ : .~M.±.~~ r=BIIlJ ~~±eft9~~fl::~* ~=ft9.~,a~:f. 0. W~~~B.MA~±e':l:i!jlg~.~Z~*5.,**a~~~IM'.~' ff~'~.Z$;Me~me*5~,~mM~BtBiliW~,a~~~~~ft9. g~ft9B.' ~±e. ( 1969. r 7kjiB. J ( : 173-176). 0. always-already ) ~~/~,J(~:t\:f= ' b!Hlitrf.~. .ILI: ' Althusser ~llit!I!f]J~:l:i!JfFlf~e/$. ~~.'~.mw.m:f~ft9.~M.' r.~J±e~W-~~aB.:l:i! M.ft9.~~~;~slft&flf1Em. •• oo~ft9~jlg,ij,lGa~mmft9~.~.,. *~fi±e~~ft9~~~--~~MBffi.Bgm~r~*~*~~J tJ~m~.. 0. tJ~~ft9~~flfiiU1'F~ijl~~?&fl::~*ft9~jlg. , lliIE~a~rfW. [email protected]§~o. ~Z. ' t:E.~UJf?'Gft9~m~ Althusser B"J.~~gifU ' a~D~ ~slft*jJf~. ~W~~~MIM~?&~±eft9~.,~~~.e.::X~*iE~~.~.ft9.. IlW ~1ft~[J Gellner ' ~1f tJ r~7!~~~1Jf : ~~g~fift9fl~ tt~~jlg •• Mft9~~W~'$~trf.ffis~~WB.±e~~.'~MA ~.. 0. 7kmB.:l:i!±e*1'F~. 0. 273 .

(16) 16. rrtfla Gellner WAlthusser I¥gm~:tE1f$;~ l:l¥gfllriRlS ' t1G1r'FiJ j;J 1~B~U~. : :f1f~ Althusser 1¥g-~~Jmij\G Gellner 1¥g~~~11*±~Jt~Jm ' 'e'rl .S~7~nH.~~* •• Z~~tt®~~m-~~'~~ •• ~:f.~ ISlt-R~. ~n~fio~~~.I¥g,~~mW~:f~OO~'~~JmW~.MI.-.*. tt~Z~~mAl¥gm~~~°:f~t1G~~~ff~,~~~r~Jm~~~~~. ••~I¥g~*Jm~~*A~e®:f~,&®mlli:~m~~m~~ ~1¥g~~~n,~~~~t1G.MI¥g§I¥g?~~,~~ ••• mlli~.~.~ JJJfj~~* ( functional imperatives) m.~ Gellner fiJTml¥g~Ri~ff ' ~ ~~* ' ~ mmllJi ' f.ifJN7m!ib~I.ffr±tf~~ ; ij\G Althusser ~filJ~ rt.lffiU J I¥gB~ , .fMltKilJ~f'Fm t1G~IlJj;JM~~$ll ' :tEm~~JJJfj~m~~fl ' $ ~~H. *:. 0. ~/~mm~JH.~fB.I¥gWtlfi. 0. t1G~~~Jm~.ml¥g§.'~m~~.*~*M~~.~~I¥g*.~.. ' ~~f.f!ib~CX!ib4l~*._.,~rm~JI¥g~~~~*o®Rm*•• • ~~.~~~~~*I¥g§.,~.:tE*Mf.f!ib~1¥g!ib4l'B.~~~.M ~f~~fj~~*. ' ima)H~ffiU~$l¥gft~ rkdlf4 J. I¥g~*m -1Z9*Hf~zl:. :f1JT~U •• Jmf.f!ib~I¥g!ib41. 0. , t1G~-JlUti~mf~1f$;~tfl¥g~~ , W!fi~~I¥g~ fj~~fi~M1~~H{~I¥gIZ9* •• ®~ m~.U13~I3NN~~ Althusser I¥g~$; : :tEMm~~~I¥g~~rp. 0. f.f!ibtf.~al¥gf.f~.~~*._.'~.Jm.~I¥g~~~~*°:tE*~. rp , t1G~JlU~ijfmm~~~frR ' ret1!IJ-l..ft§tJt~I¥g-WU/J'&~~~Wffr±tfjl !ibl¥grm~JJm~'Amim~.Jm~wm~:tE.~.~Zrp,~.~.~~. -. 274 .

(17) fifllttlif: '\ttJJ jl W:tJJ"MHJT. 17. ~~~m~M~~~~~~m.~~~~m'~~Wfl~~~~1trr~~~ mM~~,~~rrD~W_~.~rr~~.*o. ~~M.~~¥~.OO~'ft~B.mm.~~*. ••• ~~,.~~. •• ~¥~~~rr~ •• ~~o ••• ~~m@ •• ~.~~?m.~M* ~~:~~ •• ~.~~.M;~,~~r.J.7~¥M.~~.~o5 ~.~WM~rrD~M.mW~~,ft~~M~g.~ •• ~~.rr~n ~?. ~~.M~mo.M.A.~m~.~.m'W~. Saussure ( 1966 : 65-70 ) ~~i* ~§s ~ B~~~~*) zi:r~R ~. , .{f~ ( arbitrary ). MI1f.I (ii¥mj) ff~~~~. ffyt. ~~~. f;f-.illU~~.. rIjP:f3. J. 0. '. tn:llt '. ~ mg~IjIEf3i!i~~.R*. 0. 0. •• M.M~.~. ' f~~ • •gtJ.:&.gmm~~{jf (~[lA 0. Saussure ~lilu~m.~w~{ft'zrdj~~. gt[Zg~~.w~.zrJ]~ff~MtE. Jl~~JJl~7~IU*Jj~It~ r. m*~1II. m. z~~. J. : '8.fTD~Pfi fffifTD~.ff~m.~g~JJit[Zg , ~Ij.~~. ([Zg~~. •• ~i!i~). ' ~p , fJE~~~rrDz~)]MlD~. 0. ••• ~~•• ;. ''8fj~~7rrD~~. ~tn:~g~.:::..}jJfi~. , ~Ij.ft~. ~mtt.~D.~Pfi~~~g.W*o~ft~.w~.~~,~gt ~~[]M~fTDM.~rJ.B8i. ,~. ft~t:iJtJ..~~.~g~[]~. .~gmm7~Pfi~~~~m,~m.~~m~.~,~ ~ll::f1fjiL::::~ f'F. *1:.. ' ftfj. ••••. 0. .~ Tarrow ~mf~m~~~~ifB*m~Wr±.~D~' M>Jumm~D~~m ~~.RfTD~ r~~J ,.m~~D~.[Zg. Snow ~rJlj I Erving Goffman ~~ ,. ( 1994. 1 0 ~.~~~. : 22-23 ). r ~~~iS. J. 464 ) '~~-?Vffiz~ r ~ • • ~~If'F J (meaning-work). -. 275 . ~-.~. 0. ( 0. 1986 : 11. Snow.

(18) 18. :. ( punctuate ) itm~~r:p~~.®$~flG 1r':I1¥J1DJ{J,15 ; ;tt~EM~tB ( attribute ) IDJJL'I5~ofrtJ~pxrl:mii ' mt:s<.J!!f;J3i .®rJ.BiiitJt ; ftf&Em=ajJ t=i ( articulate ) ~OJl:tM~l¥Jm#lfrtJ:tE m~)Ulitfg, Snow flijI7iii±*JL'~~I¥JMI29~~*mfftm~I¥J:9J1i~ , ill Ifl~~m~ffi!.tm=*J1J1i~ ~;tElIll5tB. 0. ~~~~~.~~I¥J~~ftW.~~~.~I¥J~~m~,m~~*.m.w. r ~.l¥Ji6ew J ( 1992 : 136) Snow §~Bt!i!tB;ff! ~.ft~.~.~.M~I¥J •• ,~a1r':l.-~.~3iMM~o m~7J'. ( signification ) ,tm~Z:u~a1r':lJ:)(m~ij I$ftl¥J.iJ! ; W7J'.l¥Ji6ew'ml¥J~~*.~~:tEft;tt~ffi~~ft •• ~.w~px§am .1¥J-g.~omg.~.IDJ~.fi'W~~ •• ~~~A.~I¥J~.'~ ~~ •• mg.~Wr7.J7~~.~Am •• ~l¥Jm*~~°:tE~I¥J~ .oo,mm~~~ ••• ~:U~~.~ I¥J~.(ftq~.§~ •• ~* ~tfgft,~~r~~J) 'W~~7~1¥J •• ~f&,~~~-mrn~~m:tE ( what) 'lffE~itJf ( who) '&~!1m!1l ( how ) PJTfftPXI¥J.~~~ · Mt.§.m 2WIH 1lJlitq•• ~ , PX~~:tE•• ~*r:p.~I¥J~lJti ~~;tt~~~m~. 0. ••. 0. ~~'f;J~~-l¥Jm~,a1r':l.~73imm~l¥Jftf&-m~:~~~~ *.~I!i71!f1.fJ.IJJ.l¥Jm*.$U. ? 3i~I29~.~~.~tfB~fiP9~ 2WIH. ••I¥J.~;fJ.~.~mm.~.~·~7.~~ ••~I¥J~rn •• ·~ ~~tBm:tEmm.ftl¥J.*~.*oW~.~~.I¥JA'~~~~ffi~l¥J. $tl~.~1r':Iwt±*.~I¥J.fJ. 0. ftf&,~a1r':l~~M.~M.I¥J.OO'~~~M.&~frtJ.tfg.fJ~B .~I¥JI~o~)(~t!i!¥u'$m~~.~pxft8~*-~$1¥J5~~~'B. px.&I¥J~e'$~~.I¥J.~fi.°:tEf&.ABS. 276. •• MI¥J4m~MOO'..

(19) ~.tEjji±. *!IIJ ft !liV;bijg 5t fJT. 19. •• °ft~.&*.~~~~~.~W'.~W~M~ ~~&~~~.~m~zM:~~ •• 2WIH~a.~~'~~E.~~~ ~~~~~M.m~. tB7.'S. mID'. 0. 12. ft~E~~~m~®~,. r~mJ~~~~~M~&~.OO,ftmm~. ••. ~m~~~~~o§~~~m~8~MOO~~~ZWftD~~~'~~~M. M.' •• E~r~*~MJZ~m,®~~~s.,.~&. ~il1fJjj(.o:jt;X' ~ 1995 ~ 7 jj 22 BiiPjOO1i~n~Mt~.~Il!JEMb.jH& ' ~&;,:g~~m-Mil1f ABS .mIfI~'R.~ms&~1iA/J\il,*~ !ltE: ~~U fi~=A.RZ~'lli.BOOMb •• *~:jt.~A~fiZe.:~11jjm .ft~. .~u.w~~mIz~,~.~g1iA~.'.fi~11jj6B~~mIo. ~m~~mZ.'W.7~&~m~'~~~~IDM7.E~~~o. , ~~~, r ~mf~F~~~ij lifem:* J A"JJt ~'R.~&fi~mfla.~m~'ffi •• ~ •• ~~Moffi~~&.~~ mfi~~tfIH}~~' ~*~~~~fJ\~m~ rtlmJ : ABS.~~~mm gt1~l±Hr~§~M~a.® ~. ;X~. ~(J\~inm~~.f(~fit£D~JU: 1992 ~~~JJ ' fi~M~~J5 & 0. '. ••~M.~~m~~~.;~~7jj, •• U. ~~~~.~~Z~ ••~~.~ •• ~W-~•• ~:95~8jj28B~ &*J3.fJJG~.~{fE~.fJJGjl~~B~.l: ' i&ft~~~'f!-¥~tB~m~F~1tlil~. ~•• ~o~~&.~~m- •• ~I~~~~.Z.'MWl:m~~~ ~ , ~~~.7 ~mA"JtI38~f)} •• ,.~~~ •• ~a.~~°ft~M.&®~,~~~~.m~~ ~~~.ZOO'~~••• *~M~~fi~m~m~m~om@~~m.l: ~E~fiiiPj.'.R.&ffim~m~.om-'~8jj18B~mW~ •• m~~M.Eff.ffim~. , r'. IJi. 0. -. 277. -I',. I,.

(20) 20. ~1¥J1iAIj\*Jl (1i=A~Jm) '~ABS .1!iII'iHTl¥Jm-*m~*z.~. , 11. '. , ~tp , JJ!~I¥J 1400 PliWH~~mG~ ~~B~&F!~ : ~{t~ 7 f.) 22 Slim. ilffifi1~IPf'~-1=l ' JJi!tE~~ tIJ 1400 'P~mG~~JJi!Iff~I¥J1!iI11::Ii1JL\? m -'~~'i1~~.~~~W.~.f.), ••• m~.+.o@~11f.)6 SIEJ:t1!iIt& ' i1~D<.~tIJ rtl~ • •wri1~ 2. 1800 ~J JEJ'li1ml¥J ~~~~ffl*M.~~ ••• '&~~~.fti1~~@l¥Jm.o .z.,wr~~~tE~S.M.MOO' •• ~.~if*,m~*,.~. ~lt±mt1.f.f~cif* 1i~1iA/J\*Jl~~ ABS ~Jm,l:1!iI=~ t)Jlf~.mtl 0. 0. 1¥J~*~~'~m~2WIHI¥J~~nJ:t~~7~~~Mill*m*I¥J~~o~. •• tt~~~~Wi1m~ttl¥J.~tp~~'.~~M'~~' ••l¥J ~M~~,tE~~~~~~.tp'-~~.~~.OO~.~I¥J.fimt1~o • • if~~~~~rr~~~~~~~~'~~ifm.tlJr~~~~JI¥J~m: .~~. ~~~*.'i1m~~8~*~~I¥J.fi'~~~.I¥J~*'IE~~~~~ ~I¥J$. 0. i!!~lf Althusser. l¥J.r! ' .Jt1iiii~ ; ~~~~{t~RI=lf.fI¥J~~ ,. Ei!!~~7~~R~@~J'lI¥J~~~~~*o. .tt*~ml¥Jf.fmt1if'~-.~m~M,~~~~'~*m~I¥J~M~. •• ~I¥J.~oill-.~~m~2WIHI¥J~M.~~~'~•• ~~l¥J~ .tEf.f~W~~&.~Alimt1z.00."o~~*~I¥Jf.f~m~-W~tt • • mt1.~mmt1~-~.~~~~~~~~~o@tE~mifm~~I¥J~~~ ~1¥J~* •• z.~'~~~~ •• 2WIHI¥J~ •• ~'~~~.~.W~A ~. ~~I¥J~~;~~~~~ill.~.~mGl¥J*.~~'~mG~~~M.(.'. 278 .

(21) ~ .lt11iit tltltJ ~ W:ro~fg~:tJT. 21. B§J1t ' iJJ~~~g~~kI ' fMfiJ: ~.~~iJJ~B"J~~,~~~.adiJJ~B"J.B§'.~~iJJ~B"JA' •• ~ .f&~~~~B"J~.ffi.g~~.~m~RM •• B"Jo~~~iJJ~~.B"JJ1J ~~~,~~~mM ••~Z~,~md~~~B"J~~'~d~~~iJJ~. ~iJJ~:lrjlf&B"J~1J[I~}(~t1BA) B"JJ1J~g. 0. ~B"J~*~~B"J~~o~J:~.~~MM~~.B"JiJJ~~~.~'.:lr~~ ~~. J:ffiaffi J~B"J~m. 0. ~rem@~mm*~~~~~~ •••• =~~~.~iJJ~~~~o ~~~.~~'~~~~~J:B"J~m·~.~~B"J-~~:~~&*§B"J* .~'.&diJJ.~.B"J.-~B§(B§~&*B"J~.'~~*~7~.~~ :lr~.~~Z~) °m&B"J'a~~~~ •••• ~B"J~.'&~~~ ~K~ ••mliiJJ-B"J•• '~~~~:lrB"JW."~~'.~.~~~ ~.iJJ.~~B"Jm~~~oa~~~~~B"J'H.~~-~~~~~:lrB"J~. .~~:&*~*dJ1J'~~~.~noH~~~.B"J~~&~~:lr'. ••. m••• gB"Jmmw.~~~'&*iJJ~~~&d~."mB"J~B§Z~'~ ~:lr~m~B"J~~~~~~~~~~iJJ.B"J~.'~d~~~:lrJ1J.~~B"J ~B"J:~~~f&.~M.sgjl~iJJ~~gffi.~?~.~&*&d~.". j!fr4ff5&I¥.7;ro~Zr. ' txfr1::(£JJ$.J:ffUfff '. 1'F~~*n;1JUI¥.7~f1~7tfff. ' ~D. fiiJJi!EI3RMffi)i::AB"J#g '& Althusser ffi~~gB"J~~ft~*~.g. ~J:ffi ilIt ,~~gB"Jg~~iID ,a~~f~m-I!iJlA~ : #g=1'. Althusser ffi~.E!~~ ffi~~B"Jr~mJ ;~~~~m~~~EI3 •• B"J-~~~~mB"Jg~m~· 0. Hm~ffi~~B"JRM~Attm~oB§~·m@RM-~~~.~Ji!~.~~ gB"JAZOO·g~J:m.~*·~~~~ •• ~~gB"J~~ZOO·~~.~ *5~7~1*t~~B"JJL,g. 0. -. 279 .

(22) 22. 1. flrJm1tt-~lf$ftf:~W$7ttT· ~fj~if (1f;f:~, 1996) )'(.~~~•.. 0. *),(7:7:b:1U. ~~fr~~~~7ttT~~'§m~~m7ttT$~~~. ~1f~.~e·~~~~.~froo.~m~m.r.~~~.~MJo. 2. ( Acrylonitrile) 'T=m ( Butadiene) ,~ zm ( Styrene) -fi~~ffiirVG~AI.fltHl\l =fi~~fmfl. · tJP3m. ABS. m~~~-8-P3mlJJl. 0. 1JJl~.tEft~. · 3&mittt!!ftSg{ ilm 0. flJ~!.if*im~J!iffi. ABS 5Efli:1.:!,;tt. -~~~~~~(~*~~'~OO~~'r~~~)~~r~OO~~J' ~.~~~I~'~fiilm~~$~~5Elli1fA,~~~~~~~mm. 3,. . Foucault ( 1966 : 16-34 ). f1~1.:!,~~. r ff,jf-e.grJ~ J · ~1.:!,~tl:tfr~tl. tf:t~~~.gf5ttf:tW~.~fl5&~.~°f!f~*~*a}j. j(lJffillltfliJ1.:!, r .I:too~ J. '~ii1~~~~A15*1t~J~~1fi!. 4. WeberfW..sp.~@7 Freud~m~~IL~'~9D Schutz ~11~' lli:.I:t~. ( 1991 : 39 & 74) 0. ( 1967: 234, n. 17). Weber ~~.~'ffii~ r .RflQ]'§Jf~~~;;tt:lJfjg~~fiJ iii 0. Weber WFreud ~f'F%f ( Strong, 1987: 471 ). '&ffii7ifl~tffiiPJ. lli~.**~I!i~m*~~o. 5. . 1tt~. Volosinov. ~tI~. 0. speech). ~frtt~. Volosinov. Weber m*fcp~~mf!~~~ , flrJm r 7MJ. m~~~~ret~~D7~~. 't!!~m7~~. r mf-f!ME*§~f-f!ME J. r ~{£~im~ J ( inner 0. ftlrit~]H~~mf!W. ~x~f-f!ME~~~~--~-JJim~7*%f~ff r=t .7:7ttt.~flilj( ~llYiiiJ). ~7ttT°. 'I. 280 .

(23) M' .'tiH Wi 111 ~ WJ}]fjg5j-;fJT. 23. 6. fJGfMWit~m[9Wt)~~~~ffl%~,&;!1;W!~1£~fttls"J1im1*. 0. 7. Gellner ~f$J~1i~L±~JH~~I¥J~~~f$J1J;j~ Marx 1¥J~3t:lfl!lo/J~ifB ' ~PJffi. "FJUij 11=1. ( 1983 : 95 ) m~O:. .Et1ii±fi:o'i:~IDJ~.A. '. ~1JD. ~~[6J-1iI~~Er-Jr.Qfi~1tEr-J!Jt~. '. ~1t1'1§BR-1iI~5s.R&~~g~ACl~I-g1m5!~ [I~]iji±fiEr-J~I '~~ilm;it. (. , iffl.Ei 'B~t.'t~I-g- ,. mode of production). 8. ~~IZ9~ Althusser &J2,~~~J!l~JI~ifB7J-~'11s"J Wr±Wl~~. , ~ Marx fiJTfpjs"J. 9. ISA 1~S"J~Wr±ftr$*~ ~/\mftUN. 0. r ~~f~p,: J. , ~W '. *~. 1Z9~ '8fMID~T:tE. '~ffl}t7tij~,. -@s"J. ISA ~fj:£ Gramsci. s"J. ~~IJ'B. ,~~. 0. (1969: 159) ". ,rttf ' !6trE! ' IWl ' i$YI ' ::><:1[::. r fttlJ; J. Z)7~. , f;}~*!EJt;ff~A~ r::><:. r ~Fa~Wr±Wl J. (. Althusser][llk. 0. civil society ) ffl%~mDI~. 0. 10. Goffman ( 1922-1982 ) ~~~B]W*r~$~tBs"J*~. 15 Frame Analysis. ~flm. !i~~3t:mHOOm1n1~Hi. 1¥J1'Fffl ' fiJTt) Althusser m.Z~ ISA. Jj( J. (1969:142,n.7). '. 0. ( 1974 ). ,& Forms of Talk. ( 1981 ). , ~MS"JE~-§' 0. 11. Snow II~~.L-~ meaning-work mlt1n Freud S"J dream-work (~fj) --~ ~$m.~~ (1~WOO,. •• '.~~.'8.'~~~~~~m:tE~~~•••. 1990: 189). 0. 12. .L-~"FfiJTijlffls"J.*4*r,*' B~¥" C1Jq:~I, 1996 ) ~!J1W$. -. 281 . 0.

(24) 24. 1J~~ 1¥i-El.$f};tH1L~~fJ3.KlW~~)tffi· r~~JmWUff~ 35 (2): 1-53. 1996. 0. ~JfGaJj. 1991. lflj;:WJiSt~. 0. -El~t. : Jm~. J]'11>L\~~. 0. -El~t. :. i]~~!m. 1990. *_. 0. 0. Althusser, L. 1971 [1969]. Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses, in his Lenin and. Philosophy and Other Essays. New York : Monthly Review Press, Pp. 127-186. Coleman, J. C. 1992. Wd:ff~~~~~. E.1¥i. ( Foundations of Social Theory). 0. !'f~1J~. 0. -El~t. :. o. Elster, J.. 1986. An Introduction to Karl Marx. Cambridge. Cambridge University. Press.. 1989. Nuts and Bolts for the Social Sciences. Cambridge University Press.. Eagleton, T. ed.. 1994. Ideology. London. Longman.. 282 . Canlbridge.

(25) ~. 25. ~.tu±~ItJ~WJjJfi87tfJT. Foucault, Michel. 1970[1966]. The Order o/Things. New York. Vintage Books.. Gellner, E.. 1983. Nation and Nationalism. Ithaca, New York. Cornell University Press.. Understanding Peasant China. New Haven. Yale University Press.. Little, D.. 1989 Saussure, F.. 1966. Course in General Linguistics. New York. McGraw-Hill.. Schutz, A.. 1967[1960]. The Phenomenology 0/ the Social World. Northwestern University. Press. Snow,D.A. 1986. Frame Alignment Processes,. Micromobilization and. Movement. Participation, American Sociological Review 51 (August): 464-481. 1992 Master Frames and Cycles of Protest, in Frontiers in Social Movement. Theory. A. D. Morris and C. M. Muller eds. New Haven : Yale University Press, Pp. 133-155. Stinchcombe, A. L.. 1968. Constructing Social Theories. Chicago. The University of Chicago. Press. Strong, T. B.. 1987. Weber and Freud : Vocation and Self-Acknowledgement, in Max Weber and His Contemporaries, W.l. Mommsen and 1. Osterhammel. -. 283 .

(26) eds. London. Unwin Hyman, Pp. 468·482.. Tarrow, S. 1994. Power in Movement. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.. Volosinov, V. N.. 1973. Marxism and the Philosophy ofLanguage. Cambridge, Massachusetts : Harvard University Press.. Weber,M.. 1968. Economy and Society. Berkeley. I. ,. -. 284 . University of California Press..

(27) fHJltt Wet 1t!!!l!JJ ~ WJ;}Jfj~ 5HJT. 27. Maintenance of Social Mobilization and. Functional Analysis. Shiaw-Chian Fong *. With the successive national elections held in recently years in Taiwan, how to maintain the enthusiam of the party supporters arouses much interest. The question here is dealt with in two ways. Methodologically, we argue that the maintenance of mobilization can be subject to a functional analysis but that for such an analysis to be valid, it needs to be confined within a context in which the reasons why the mobilization of support took place are well documented; a proper functional analysis depends on a broader and valid causal nexus. Theoretically, we take inspirations from Louis Althusser, who argues that ideology naturalizes individuals into maintaining their daily work time and again. To tackle the issue of mobilization, we suggest that ideology must be concretized in the daily talks among party supporters. Through the exchange of signs which forms an ideology and which amounts to a procedure of problem-solving , the supporters understand ever more clearly why they were, and still are, motivated to join a party in the first place. The functional analysis of the signified ideology as a means of reinforcing the participatory motive, we believe, will shed light into the maintenance of mobilization issue occurring before our eyes in the national elections.. Key Words. * Associate. function, causality, reinforcement, sign, ideology.. Research Follow of Institute of International Relations, National Chengchi. University.. 285 .

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