研製可調觸控樣式的實體使用者介面 - 政大學術集成

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(1)D. D. Master’s Program in Digital Content and Technologies National Chengchi University. Master’s Thesis. 立. 政治大. ‧ 國. 學. 5. ‧. Design and Implementation of a Tangible User Interface. Nat. n. al. er. io. sit. y. with Reconfigurable Touchpoint Patterns. Ch. engchi .. October 2017. i n U. v.

(2) Design and Implementation of a Tangible User Interface with Reconfigurable Touchpoint Patterns. Student: Yu-Hsuan Chi Advisor: Chun-Feng Lioa, Ya-Lun Tao. 立. 政治大. io. sit. y. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. Nat. A Thesis. er. Submitted to Master’s Program in Digital Content and Technologies. al. n. v i n C hChengchi University National engchi U. In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Master in Digital Content and Technologies. October 2017.

(3) 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v.

(4) TUI. :. D. 5. TUI. TUI. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat. TUI. Ch. engchi. TUI. 5. i. i n U. v. TUI. D TUI. D.

(5) Abstract In tangible user interface (TUI) users interact with digital world through the physical objects. Because of affordance of objects, interaction with TUI always brings impressive experience. With the popularity of multi-touch screen, implementing TUI design on multi-touch devices has become a growing trend. Among lots of implementation methods, design touchpoint patterns representing tangible object on capacitive screen is the simplest for developers. However, the touchpoint patterns. 政治大. design published so far consisted of too much touchpoints, so users can only interact. 立. with one or two tangible objects on a tablet at the same time. Thus, we design a rule. ‧ 國. 學. of tangible object identification patterns which only consist of three touchpoints. Besides, we add reconfigurable mechanism into the model of the touchpoint patterns. ‧. design, so the developers can easily switch between touchpoint patterns representing. y. Nat. io. sit. different tangible object during development. We also provide software development. er. toolkit integrating functions such as sensing, identification and operation of tangible. al. n. v i n C our objects on tablets. With providing patterns design and toolkit as open h etouchpoint ngchi U. source, we hope to bring smooth TUI development experience on multi-touch devices to developers.. Keywords: Tangible User Interface, Multi-touch Screen, Toolkit. ii.

(6) I V VII 1 1. 1.1 1.2. 立. 1.3. ‧ 國. y. sit. n. al. er. io. 2.1.3. 2.2 2.2.1. 13. 5. Nat. 2.1.2. 12. ‧. 2.1.1. 10. 學. 2.1. 政治大. TUI. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 13 15 16. 17 17. 2.2.2. 18. 2.2.3. 20. 2.2.4. 22. 23. 3.1. 23. 3.2. 24. iii.

(7) 3.3. 29. 3.4 TOOLKIT. 32. 3.4.1. 32. 3.4.2. 34. 3.4.3. 36. 38 38. 4.1 4.2. 立. 5. 46. sit. al. n. 4.3.3. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 45. 46. er. io. 4.3.2. Nat. 4.3.1. 41. ‧. 4.3. ‧ 國. 4.2.3. 40. 學. 4.2.2 Composing Cubes. 40. y. 4.2.1 Composing Cubes. 政治大. 48 52. ,. 54. 5.1. 54. 5.2. 55. 57. iv.

(8) 1. 1 TUI. ......................................................................................... 2. GUI. .......................................................................... 2. 1. 2 TUI TUI. ................................................. 4. 1. 4 ECHOSS. ............................................................................................. 5. 1. 3. 1. 5 MICROSOFT SURFACE DIAL ............................................................................... 6 1. 6. .............................................................................. 8. 1. 7. 治政 .............................................................................. 8 大. 立. 1. 8 THE MICMIC MUSIC MAKER .............................................................................. 9. ‧ 國. 學. 1. 9 COMPOSING CUBE ............................................................................................. 9. ‧. sit. y. Nat. 2. 1 PLANKTON POPULATION .................................................................................. 14. 2. 5. TUI. al. ............................................. 17. n. 2. 4 TUIO. io. 2. 3 MARSHALL. er. 2. 2 VINET ............................................................................................................. 15. i n U. v. C h .......................................................................... 18 engchi MAGNETIC APPCESSORY .................................... 19. 2. 6 GAUSSBITS ...................................................................................................... 19 2. 7 CAP TUI .......................................................................................................... 20 2. 8 CAPTUI. .......................................................................................... 21. 2. 9 TUIC-2D ......................................................................................................... 21 2. 10 TUIC-FREQUENCY ......................................................................................... 22. v.

(9) 3. 1. ............................................................................ 23. 3. 2. .................................................... 25. 3. 3. ........................................................................................ 28. 3. 4. TINKERCAD. 3. 5. 3D. ........................................................ 29. 3D. ......................................................... 30. 3. 6. .................................................................................... 31. 3. 7. ............................ 31. 3. 8. ....................................................................................................... 33. 治政大 .................................................................................... 35 立. 3. 9. ...................................................................................................... 37. ‧. ‧ 國. 3. 11. : ............................................................................................. 36. 學. 3. 10 TANGIOBJ. y. sit. er. .................................................................................... 42. al. n. 4. 3. io. 4. 2. Nat. 4. 1 COMPOSING CUBES .......................................................................................... 41. Ch. 4. 5. engchi. COMPOSING CUBES. 4. 6. 3D. 4. 7. TOOLKIT. ............................................... 44. ..................................................................................... 49 ........................................................................ 49. v. ............................................................................ 43. 4. 4. i n U. ................................................ 43. vi.

(10) ........................................................................................ 26. 3. 1. 3. 2 OBJGENERATOR ............................................................................................... 32 3. 3 TANGIOBJ ........................................................................................................ 34. 4. 1. ............................................................................................ 47. 4. 2. ....................................................................................................... 50. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. vii. i n U. v.

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(12) 1. 1 TUI. 學. ‧ 國. 立. 政治大 GUI. ‧. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 1. 2 TUI. 2.

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(14) 政治大. 立. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. Nat. y. TUI. n. er. io. al. sit. 1. 3. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. TUI. TUI. Bliss. 1994. TUI TUI D iPad. 4.

(15) Wang, 2012. TUI. TUI. O2O. Online To Offline. 1.4. Microsoft Surface Studio. 立. 政治大 Toolkit Microsoft. TUI. ‧. [2]. Surface Dial. Microsoft. ‧ 國. Surface Dial. TUI. 學. 1.5. [1]. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 1. 4 echoss. [1] echoss Smart Stamp. Available at: http://www.12cm.com.tw/ [2] Surface Dial. Available at:https://www.microsoftstore.com/store/msusa/en_US/pdp/SurfaceDial/productID.5074013900.. 5.

(16) 政治大. 立. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat TUI. ‧. ‧ 國. 學 1. 5 Microsoft Surface Dial. Ch. D. D. engchi. i n U. v. (. TUI. D. : ……. TUI. D. 6.

(17) TUI D. 政治大. 立. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. D. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. Blagojevic, 2013; Schaper, 2013; Yu 2011. 1.4. D 1.5. 4. D. 7.

(18) 10. TUI Hornecker TUI 1.8. Composing Cubes. 2005. The Micmic Music Maker. 1.9. TUI D. 政治大. 立. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch engchi. i n U. v. . 1. 6. 1. 7. 8.

(19) 1. 8 The Micmic Music Maker. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 1. 9 Composing Cubes. 9.

(20) 1.2. TUI D. TUI TUI. ‧ 國. 2005. 學. Hornecker. 立. 政治大. :. ‧. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. Apple iPad Toolkit. SDK, Software Development TUI. D TUI. 10.

(21) TUI a.. b.. c.. TUI Toolkit. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. 11. i n U. v.

(22) 1.3. TUI. TUI. 政治大. 立. ‧ 國. 學. Toolkit. TUI. ‧. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat TUI. Ch. TUI. engchi. Toolkit. 12. i n U. v.

(23) 5 5 TUI. D. D TUI. Toolkit 治政大. 立. ‧ 國. 學. 5. ‧. io. 2015. n. al. Exploratorium. er. Joyce Ma. y. Nat. 2.1.1. – Plankton Population. Ch. 3 TUI. sit. 2.1. engchi. GUI. i n U. v. TUI. GUI. 2.1. TUI. GUI. TUI 1. 13.

(24) . 政治大. 2. 1 Plankton Population. 立 2011. D. Nat. 5. sit. y. D. n. al. er. io. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. Speelpenning. Ch. engchi. 14. i n U. v. ….

(25) 2.1.2. 5. Bogorin. 2009. ViNet. TUI. 5. 政治大. 立. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. TUI 5. 2.2. GUI. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 2. 2 ViNet. 15.

(26) 2.1.3 D D. 2012 John Campbell. D 2012. TUI. GUI 治政大. 立. ‧ 國. TUI. D. 學. FlowBlocks. Zuckerman, 2005. ‧ sit. 1998. Ch. 2007. Learning domain physicality. n. Marshall. al. er. io Resnick. y. Nat. hand-on learning. TUI. i en (g c h. i n U. v. TUI. 2.3. Learning activity. Possible learning benefits. Effects of. Integration of representations Concreteness and sensori-directness TUI. D. TUI. :. -. 16.

(27) 立. 2. 3 Marshall. ‧ 國. ‧ y. sit er. n. al. TUIO TUIO. TUI. 學. io. 2.2.1. TUI. Nat. 2.2. 政治大. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. TUIO.org, 2016 TUIO tracker. 5 application TUIO protocol. TUIO client. application. 2.4. TUIO. 17.

(28) 政治大. 立. ‧ 國. 學 ‧. 2. 4 TUIO. sit. n. al. er. io. 2.2.2. y. Nat. Ch. Tangible Magnetic Appcessories. Magnetic Appcessory. engchi. i n U. v. 2.5. :. Bianchi 2013. 18.

(29) 2. 5. Magnetic Appcessory. GaussBits GaussBits. 2.6(a). 立. 政治大 TUI. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. 2.6(b). Liang 2013. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 2. 6 GaussBits (a). (b). 19.

(30) 2.2.3 CapTUI CapTUI. Blagojevic, 2013. 2.7. (. (. 2.8. CapTUI. ‧. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat. 學. CapTUI. ‧ 國. 立. 政治大. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 2. 7 Cap TUI. 20.

(31) . 2. 8 CapTUI. TUIC-2D. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學 2.9. n. al. TUI. Ch. engchi. er. io. sit. y. Nat TUI. TUIC-2D. i n U. v. 4. 12. Yu 2011. 2. 9 TUIC-2D. 21.

(32) 2.2.4 TUIC-frequency TUIC-frequency. 2.10. TUIC-. frequency. frequency. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. 2. 10 TUIC-frequency. Yu. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. 2011. 立. TUIC-. 政治大. 22. v.

(33) 3.1. 政治大. 立. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. ):. 3.1. D. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 3. 1. 23.

(34) ):. 0.5cm. 立. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat. 3.2. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. 1cm. 政治大. Ch. i n U. v. engchi D. 10 TUI TUI. 24.

(35) 3.2 F0. F1. Fid. r. F0. F1. 30 Fid. X. X Fid. F1. 5. F0. 35. 295. 3.2. D. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 3. 2. 25. F1.

(36) TUI. r. X. 3.1 ): r. 30 F0. F1. ): Fid. F1. Fid X r. B. X5. 205. 295. A C. 3.3(b). ‧. B. 治政 6cm X 5 35大120. 3.3(c). 6cm. 30. n. al. er. io. sit. Nat. 3.3(d). y. 3.3(a). ‧ 國. 205. r. 學. 120. 5. 立. X. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 3. 1 r. 5.0 cm. 6.0 cm. X. 35° < X ≤ 120°. A. D. 120° < X ≤ 205°. B. E. 205° < X ≤ 295°. C. F. 26. X.

(37) 立. (a). 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i vb) n U. (c). 27.

(38) (d). 30. 3. 3. 立. sit. y. 10. io. a2.8l. n. r. Ch. engchi. :. D. X. er. Nat. 1. Fid. ‧. 25. 學. F1. ‧ 國. 政治大. D. D. 28. v iF0 n U. F1. ;.

(39) 3.3. Yu, 2010 2014. TUI. ‧ 國. Thingiverse. 1. ‧. TUI. Nat. y. ;. io. 3.5. n. al. Ch. 3D. sit. Tinkercad. 3D. er. 3.4. 立. 學. 3D. 3D. 政治大. engchi. i n U. v. 3. 4. Tinkercad. 3D. 29.

(40) 3. 5. 3D. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. D. 學. TUI. 3D. D. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat Fid. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 3.6. 3D 3D PLA. ABS. -. 20. ABS. 3.7. 30. PLA.

(41) 30. 政治大. 立. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. 3. 6. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 3. 7. 31.

(42) 3.4 Toolkit Apple iPad Swift 3.0 Toolkit Toolkit. 政治大. 3.4.1. ‧ 國. ObjGenerator. r. radiusIdentifier. objMap X. radiusIdentifier. n. er. io. detectObj(touches:. ):. al. Array<UITouch>) -> TangiObj? 3.8 TangiObj. Ch. e n:g c h i. :. objMap. sit. :. y. Nat. ObjGenerator. F1. ‧. Fid. 3.2. 學. Toolkit. 立. i n U. v. objMap. ):. (. 3. 2 ObjGenerator ObjGenerator Property. Type. radiusIdentifier. ClosedRange<CGFloat>. objMap. Dictionary<Int,. detectObj(touches:. func (UITouch) -> TangiObj?. Array<UITouch>) -> TangiObj?. ClosedRange<CGFloat>>. 32.

(43) 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. . v. 3. 8. i n U. 33.

(44) 3.4.2 TangiObj. : 3.3. TangiObj. :. : D. F0. F1. center TangiObj. D foots. :. Fid. F0. center :. :. ‧. io. n. al. TangiObj. center. radius. Ch. engchi. y. Nat. 3. 3 TangiObj. Property. 學. TUI. ‧ 國. 立. TangiObj. 政治大. sit. ObjId. er. 3.9. i n U. v. Type. CGPoint CGFloat. rotation. CGFloat. foots. Array<UITouch>. objId. Int. 34.

(45) . 3. 9. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. 35. i n U. v.

(46) 3.4.3 Toolkit. D ObjGenerator. radiusIdentifer. :. objMap. let objGenerator = ObjGenerator() objGenerator.radiusIdentifer = 145…155. 政治大 objGenerator.objMap = [0: 35…165, 立 ):. let tangiObj = objGenerator.detectObj(touches). :. 3.10. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat. TangiObj. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. 1: 166…295]. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 3. 10 TangiObj. Tangible. :. 3.11. 36. :. D.

(47) let objImage.image = UIImage(name: “demo\(tangiObj.objId)”) objImage.center = tangiObj.center objImage.transform = CGAffineTransform(rotationAngle: tangiObj.rotation). 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學 y. Nat. n. er. io. al. sit. (a) objId=0. Ch. engchi. (b) objId=1 3. 11. 37. i n U. v.

(48) 4.1. TUI. TUI. 學. ‧ 國. 立. 政治大. Toolkit. ‧. Hornecker. Nat. Composing Cubes. n. er. io. sit. TUI. al. 2005. y. iPad. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. Toolkit. Composing Cubes Composing Cubes. ISO usability. 38. 1988.

(49) 5 2010. 10 D. 9D. Norman, iOS. D. App 3D Toolkit. :. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. 39. i n U. v.

(50) 4.2. 4.2.1 Composing Cubes Composing Cubes. 5. Hornecker. 2005. ARToolKit. TUI. Composing Cubes. 立. 4.1. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. Nat. Composing Cubes. n. al. Composing Cubes. Ch. engchi 4. 10 Composing Cubes. 40. y. sit. io. •. •. er. D. i n U. v. TUI. D.

(51) 政治大 4. 1 Composing Cubes. 學. ‧ 國. 立. 4.2.2 Composing Cubes. ‧. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. D Toolkit. engchi. i n U. v. Composing Cubes Composing Cubes. Composing Cubes. 3D. 41.

(52) , 4.2. iPad 2.0. Composing. Cubes ; •. 4.3. 立. Composing Cubes 治政大. ‧ 國. 學. Composing Cubes. D. ‧. •. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat. 4.4. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 4. 2. 42.

(53) . 政治大. 4. 3. 立. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 4. 4. 43.

(54) Composing Cubes 4.5. D. 5. Composing Cubes iPad. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 4. 5. Composing Cubes. 44.

(55) 4.2.3. 1. TUI. 10 Composing Cubes. D. io. n. al. Composing Cubes. Ch. engchi. (. 45. sit. y. Nat. D. er. TUI. ‧. 2.. ‧ 國. 學. D. 立. 政治大. i n U. v.

(56) 4.3. 4.3.1 representativeness Sauro & Lewis. 2012 5. 10 D. TUI. 學. ‧ 國. 治政大 Norman 2010 立 D. ‧. n. Ch. engchi. er. io. al. sit. y. Nat. Toolkit. i n U. v. D. 9D. D. iOS 9D iOS App 4.1. 46.

(57) 4. 1 iOS App. D. 24. B. 22. C. 25. D. 26. D. 21 27. VR. D. 28. y. sit. 27. al. n. 22. io. I. 立. Nat. H. 政治大 D. ‧. G. App. er. F. D. 學. E. ‧ 國. A. Ch. engchi. 47. D iv n U.

(58) 4.3.2. ;. MacBookPro 13’’ iPad 2. Tinkercad. 8.3.3. 4.2. TUI. 5. ‧. Toolkit. sit. 4.6. n. al. er. io. 3.5. 20~25. Ch. engchi. i n U. Toolkit Toolkit. v. :. ; Toolkit. : ;. Debug. Tinkercad. y. 3D. Nat. 2.5. 學. ‧ 國. 立. Xcode. 政治 Swift 3.0大. 48. Xcode. iOS App.

(59) Debug. 4.7 ; D. 75. 政治大. 立. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. io. n. al. y. 3D. er. 4. 6. sit. Nat. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 4. 7. Toolkit. 49.

(60) 4. 2. 5 Toolkit. 5. 10. 3D. Toolkit. :. Toolkit. 立. 10 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. 50. i n U. v.

(61) 20. D. (1). 3D. (2). 3. 3D. 1. 3. (3). Toolkit. ‧ 國. Toolkit. y. sit. ;. al. n. (8). io. (7). Nat. ;. TUI. ‧. (6). 學. (5). 立. 政治 ;大. Ch. Toolkit. engchi. 51. er. (4). 3. i n U ;. v.

(62) 4.3.3 1.. 3D. 3D 7. 3D. 3D. ‧. 1. io. 3D. n. al. 9D. Ch D. y. sit. Nat. 3D. er. 2.. 學. ‧ 國. 立. 治政大 ;. i e n g c h3D. i n U. v. 8D. 3.. Toolkit. :. Toolkit. :. 35. ; iOS. ( Debug. 52. 2D.

(63) D ;. 4. Toolkit Toolkit. ObjGenerator. :. TangiObj. D TUI. 立. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. D. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. :(. 6. D. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. 5.. 政治大. 53.

(64) ,. 5.1. TUI. 立 3. ‧ 國. D. 學 3. ‧. TUI. sit. io. 3D. y. Nat. TUI. n. al. 1. er. 10. 政治大. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. Toolkit. TUI. 54. 3D.

(65) 5.2. ,. D. 政治大. 立. n. al. er. io. Toolkit. sit. y. Nat. D. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. D. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. Toolkit Toolkit. iPad Swift Toolkit. Android App. :. :. 55. Toolkit.

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