Checklist of Platypodidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) from Taiwan
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(2) 76. 植物保護學會會刊. 第 45 卷. 第1期. 2003. around the galleries, leading to a downgrading of timber quality. In addition, some species can attack living trees, especially if the tree is stressed or unhealthy. Such attacks are often unsuccessful in that the beetle is unable to breed, but the value of the timber is still adversely affected by the holes and staining. Browne (10) and Schedl (42) provide reviews of the biology of the family, and Beaver (2) reviewed its association with fungi. The familial status of the Platypodidae within the Curculionoidea (45, 50, 51) has recently been called into question (24) , but we prefer to maintain it until further molecular and other studies have been made. The earliest descriptions of the Platypodidae from Taiwan were made by Strohmeyer (48, 49) . During the Japanese occupation of the country, extensive studies of the Taiwanese Platypodidae were made by Murayama (25, 26, 27, 29, 31) . It should be noted that although the titles of these papers refer to the Platypodidae of Formosa, many of the species records are from localities in Japan and Korea. Little work was done after this until Nobuchi (34) reviewed the earlier taxonomic work, and provided a checklist of 32 species recorded from Taiwan. Since that checklist was published, there have been a number of taxonomic changes (45, 51) , and several more species have been described, some from timber imported into Japan from Taiwan (13, 15, 16, 17) . The present paper provides an up-to-date checklist of all species recorded from Taiwan, with information on their distribution and host plants. It indicates where further taxonomic studies are needed, and the various faunal elements (FE) are reviewed. These are indicated in the checklist by a figure in parentheses (FE x) following the distribution. Further references to the species may be found in a catalog of the Scolytidae and Platypodidae (52) and its supplements (8, 9) . The classification used follows Wood (51) . Because type depositories and type localities are listed in Wood and Bright (52) , they are not repeated here. The distribution and host records are extracted from an extensive card catalog maintained by the senior author, and have been checked against the data in the Wood and Bright's (52) catalog and its supplements. In the checklist, an asterisk (*) indicates a species endemic to Taiwan. Family PLATYPODIDAE ꑰ엻싎곬 Subfamily TESSEROCERINAE Blandford, 1895 ꣫엻곬 Tribe DIAPODINI Strohmeyer, 1914 ꣫엻뇚 Genus Diapus Chapuis, 1865 ꣫ꑰ엻쓝 Diapus Chapuis, 1865, Monogr. Platypides: 43, 329. Type species: Diapus quadrispinatus Chapuis, 1865, Monogr. Platypides: 332. 1. Diapus aculeatus Blandford, 1894 듆꣫ꑰ엻 Diapus aculeatus Blandford, 1894, Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 1894: 139. Distribution: India, Bhutan, Vietnam, Japan, and Taiwan (3, 34, 37). (FE 3).
(3) Checklist of Platypodidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) from Taiwan. Hosts: Remarks:. 77. Unknown in Taiwan; elsewhere, Castanea spp. and Quercus spp. (Fagaceae). This is an oligophagous species normally restricted to the Fagaceae. There is a single record from Alnus incana (Betulaceae) in northern India (Uttar Pradesh) (41).. 2. Diapus quinquespinatus Chapuis, 1865 끷꣫ꑰ엻 Diapus quinquespinatus Chapuis, 1865, Monogr. Platypides: 334. Distribution: Tropical Africa, Madagascar, Asia from India to Indonesia, New Guinea, Australia, Pacific islands (52), and Taiwan (6, 25, 34). (FE 6) Hosts: Unknown in Taiwan; elsewhere, polyphagous (42, 52). Remarks: A species of economic importance in Malaysia (11). 3. Diapus truncatus Niijima & Murayama, 1934 멉Ꟁ꣫ꑰ엻 Diapus truncatus Niijima & Murayama, 1934, J. Faculty Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 35: 143. Diapus spatulifer Browne, 1977, Entomol. Mon. Mag. 112: 101. Synonymy: Beaver, 2000, Serangga 5: 255-6. Distribution: India, Taiwan (3, 31, 34, 37). (FE 3) Hosts: Unknown in Taiwan; elsewhere, polyphagous (12). Subfamily PLATYPODINAE Erichson, 1847 ꑰ엻곬 Tribe PLATYPODINI Erichson, 1847 ꑰ엻뇚 Genus Crossotarsinulus Schedl, 1972 샀멉Ꟁꑰ엻쓝 Crossotarsinulus Schedl, 1972, Monogr. Familie Platypodidae: 85. Type species: Crossotarsus sauteri Strohmeyer, 1913, Entomol. Blätt. Biol. Syst. Käfer 9: 164. 4*. Crossotarsinulus sauteri (Strohmeyer, 1913) 닐뱷샀멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Crossotarsus sauteri Strohmeyer, 1913, Entomol. Blätt. Biol. Syst. Käfer 9: 164. Crossotarsinulus sauteri (Strohmeyer). Schedl, 1972, Monogr. Familie Platypodidae: 85, 87. Distribution: Taiwan (1, 49). (FE 1) Hosts: Unknown. Remarks: This species, the only one in its genus, appears not to have been found again since its description. It needs reinvestigation, and may belong in the genus Platypus Herbst. Genus Crossotarsus Chapuis, 1865 멉Ꟁꑰ엻쓝 Crossotarsus Chapuis, 1865, Monogr. Platypides: 23, 44. Type species: Platypus wallacei Thomson, 1858, Arch. Entomol. 1: 343. 5. Crossotarsus emancipatus Murayama, 1934 ꛦ멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Crossotarsus emancipatus Murayama, 1934, J. Faculty Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 35: 138. Distribution: Japan and Taiwan (27) [as C. terminatus Chapuis] (2, 31, 32, 34). (FE 2).
(4) 78. Hosts:. 植物保護學會會刊. 第 45 卷. 第1期. 2003. Taiwan: Glochidion hongkongense, Mallotus paniculatus (Euphorbiaceae), and Wendlandia paniculata (Rubiaceae) (27) [as C. terminatus] (32); elsewhere in the Fagaceae and Lauraceae (35). Presumably polyphagous.. 6. Crossotarsus externedentatus (Fairmaire, 1849) ꕾ 멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Platypus externedentatus Fairmaire, 1849, Preprint from Rev. Mag. Zool. Pure Appl. Ser. 2(2): 78. Crossotarsus externedentatus (Fairmaire). Chapuis, 1865, Mongr. Platypides: 81. Distribution: Tropical E and S Africa, Madagascar, Indian Ocean islands, Oriental region to New Guinea, Pacific islands (52), and Taiwan (6, 25, 34, 37). (FE 6) Hosts: Taiwan: Carica papaya (Caricaceae), Cinnamomum camphora (Lauraceae), Leucaena glauca (Leguminosae), Cryptomeria japonica (Taxodiaceae) (25), Brownea sp. (Leguminosae), and Prunus mume (Rosaceae) (new records); elsewhere strongly polyphagous (6, 10, 42, 40). Remarks: A species of economic importance in plantations, because it sometimes attacks living trees (3, 11). 7. Crossotarsus flavomaculatus Strohmeyer, 1912 뛀 멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Crossotarsus flavomaculatus Strohmeyer, 1912, Entomol. Mitt. 1: 40. Distribution: Japan, Java, the Philippines, W. Malaysia, and Taiwan (4, 25, 31). (FE 4) Hosts: Taiwan: Quercus glauca (Fagaceae) (25); elsewhere, none recorded. 8*. Crossotarsus formosanus Strohmeyer, 1912 뭏왗멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Crossotarsus formosanus Strohmeyer, 1912, Entomol. Mitt. 1: 41. Distribution: Taiwan (1, 25, 27, 34, 48). (FE 1) Hosts: Taiwan: Casuarina equisetifolia (Casuarinaceae), Glochidion hongkongense, Mallotus paniculatus, M. philippinensis (Euphorbiaceae), Beilschmiedia erythrophloia, Cinnamomum camphora, Neolitsea konishii (Lauraceae), Ficus gibbosa (Moraceae), Eugenia formosana (Myrtaceae), Wendlandia paniculata (Rubiaceae), and Styrax suberifolium (Styracaceae) (25, 27). Remarks: This species may be based on large specimens of Crossotarsus externedentatus (Fairmaire). 9. Crossotarsus niponicus Blandford, 1894 뭏ꓩ멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Crossotarsus niponicus Blandford, 1894, Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 1894: 130. Distribution: Japan, Taiwan (2, 25, 31, 34). (FE 2) Hosts: Taiwan: none recorded; elsewhere, polyphagous (35). 10. Crossotarsus piceus Chapuis, 1865 뛂멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Crossotarsus piceus Chapuis, 1865, Monogr. Platypides 56..
(5) Checklist of Platypodidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) from Taiwan. 79. Distribution: Indonesia (Aru Is., Moluccas, Sumatra), New Guinea, the Philippines, and Taiwan (5, 25) . (FE 5) Hosts: Unknown. 11*. Crossotarsus rengetensis Niijima & Murayama, In Murayama, 1925 볌멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Crossotarsus rengetensis Niijima & Murayama, In Murayama, 1925a, J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 15: 208. (5) Distribution: Taiwan (1, 25, 28, 34). (FE 1) Hosts: Taiwan: Lithocarpus cuspidata (Fagaceae), Cinnamomum camphora, C. micranthum, Cryptocarya chinensis, Neolitsea konishii, N. longipaniculata (Lauraceae), Melia azedarach (Meliaceae), Gordonia axillaris, and Ternstroemia japonica (Theaceae) (25, 28). Remarks: This species seems to show some preference for trees of the Lauraceae (28). 12. Crossotarsus simplex Murayama, 1925 ꩆ멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Crossotarsus simplex, Murayama, 1925b, J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 15: 231. Distribution: Japan, Korea, and Taiwan (2, 26, 34, 35). (FE 2) Hosts: Taiwan: none recorded; elsewhere, polyphagous (19, 35). Remarks: We have found no actual reference to specimens collected in Taiwan in Murayama's papers, but Nobuchi (35) notes that he examined specimens from "Formosa". 13. Crossotarsus wallacei Thomson, 1858 뗘뗜ꑨ멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Platypus wallacei Thomson, 1858, Arch. Entomol. 1: 343. Crossotarsus wallacei (Thomson). Chapuis, 1865, Monogr. Platypides: 53. Distribution: India, through Southeast Asia to New Guinea, and Taiwan (4, 25, 34). (FE 4) Hosts: Taiwan: none recorded; elsewhere, polyphagous (10, 39). Remarks: Considered to be of economic importance by Browne (10, 11), because of the large size of the holes made in timber, but not known to attack healthy trees. Genus Dinoplatypus Wood, 1993 뛀멉Ꟁꑰ엻쓝 Dinoplatypus Wood, 1993, Gt. Basin Nat. 53: 273. Type species: Platypus cupulatus Chapuis, 1865, Monogr. Platypides: 278. 14. Dinoplatypus flectus (Niijima & Murayama, 1931), New Combination 뛀멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Platypus lepidus formosanus Niijima & Murayama, in Murayama, 1925a, J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 15: 214. (preoccupied) Platypus lepidus flectus Niijima & Murayama, in Murayama, 1925a, J. Faculty Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 30: 197. Platypus murayamaensis Schedl, 1941, Entomol. Blätt. Biol. Syst. Käfer 37: 43. (unneeded replacement name).
(6) 80. 植物保護學會會刊. 第 45 卷. 第1期. 2003. Platypus flectus Niijima & Murayama. Wood and Bright, 1992, Gt. Basin Nat. Mem. 13: 1140. Distribution: China and Taiwan (2, 25, 29, 34, 37). (FE 2) Hosts: Taiwan: 'oak' (Fagaceae), Cinnamomum camphora, C. micranthum (Lauraceae), Lagerstroemia subcostata (Lythraceae), Psidium guaiacum[?] (Myrtaceae), Diplospora viridifolia (Rubiaceae), Styrax formosanum (Styracaceae) (25, 29, 34, 37) . The species is polyphagous. Remarks: This species is clearly related morphologically to other species in the genus Dinoplatypus, such as D. calamus (Blandford) and D. hamatus (Blandford), and is accordingly transferred to the genus. 15*. Dinoplatypus kusukusensis (Murayama, 1956), New Combination ꑨ뛀멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Platypus kusukusensis Murayama, 1956, Coleopt. Bull. 10: 13. Distribution: Taiwan (1, 33, 34). (FE 1) Host: Cryptomeria japonica (Taxodiaceae) (33). Remarks: Murayama's description and figures leave no doubt that the species should be transferred to Dinoplatypus. 16. Dinoplatypus lepidus (Chapuis, 1865) 엖닓뛀멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Platypus lepidus Chapuis, 1865, Monogr. Platypides: 282. Dinoplatypus lepidus (Chapuis). Wood, 1993, Gt. Basin Nat. 53: 279. Distribution: Seychelles, Sri Lanka through Southeast Asia to Australia, and Taiwan (4, 25, 34) . (FE 4) Hosts: Taiwan: Cryptomeria japonica (Taxodiaceae) (25); elsewhere, polyphagous (52). Remarks: This species has frequently been imported to Japan in timber but is not native there. Genus Platypus Herbst, 1793 ꑰ엻쓝 Platypus Herbst, 1793, Natursyst. Insekten 5: 128. Type species: Bostrichus cylindrus Fabricius, 1792, Entomol. Syst. 1(2): 364. 17*. Platypus arisannensis Murayama, 1934 ꑳꑰ엻 Platypus arisannensis Murayama, 1934, J. Faculty Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 35: 135. Distribution: Taiwan (1, 31, 34). (FE 1) Hosts: None recorded. Remarks: This species may be a synonym of Platypus lewisi Blandford. 18. Platypus beaveri Browne, 1975 껵냪ꑰ엻 Platypus beaveri Browne, In Beaver and Browne, 1975, Oriental Ins. 9: 306. Diapus formosanus Niijima & Murayama, Iin Murayama, 1925, J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 15: 217. Synonymy: Beaver, 2000, Serangga, 5: 256. (Platypus formosanus preoccupied)..
(7) Checklist of Platypodidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) from Taiwan. 81. Platypus keelungensis Browne, 1985, Kontyu 53: 294. Synonymy: Beaver, 2000, Serangga, 5: 256. Distribution: Thailand and Taiwan (3, 17, 25, 29). (FE 3) Hosts: Taiwan: Lithocarpus konishii, Quercus sp. (Fagaceae), and Psidium guaiacum (Myrtaceae) (17, 25, 29); elsewhere: Castanopsis sp. and Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) (4). Remarks: This species shows a preference for trees of the family Fagaceae. 19. Platypus contaminatus (Blandford, 1894) ꛃ ꑰ엻 Crossotarsus contaminatus Blandford, 1894, Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 1894: 131. Platypus contaminatus (Blandford). Schedl, 1972, Monogr. Familie Platypodidae: 200. Distribution: India, China, Japan, and Taiwan (3, 34, 35). (FE 3) Hosts: Taiwan: Prunus mume (Rosaceae) (new record); elsewhere, polyphagous (35). 20. Platypus curtus Chapuis, 1865 멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Platypus curtus Chapuis, 1865, Monogr. Platypides: 261. Distribution: India through Southeast Asia to the Philippines and Indonesia, China, and Taiwan (4, 34) . (FE 4) Hosts: Taiwan: none recorded; elsewhere, polyphagous (39, 52), but with a preference for trees in the family Dipterocarpaceae (10). Remarks: The only record of this species from Taiwan is of specimens taken in Japan from imported timber (34). Its establishment in Taiwan needs to be confirmed. 21*. Platypus dasycauda Browne, 1980 ꓬꟷꑰ엻 Platypus dasycauda Browne, 1980, Kontyu 48: 376. Distribution: Taiwan (1, 13). (FE 1) Hosts: None recorded. Remarks: The species was described by Browne from specimens imported to Japan in timber from Taiwan. 22. Platypus formosanus Niijima & Murayama, 1925 뭏왗ꑰ엻 Platypus formosanus Niijima & Murayama, In Murayama, 1925, J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 15: 215. Platypus taiwansis Schedl, 1960, Entomol. Blätt. Biol. Syst. Käfer 56: 111. (unneeded replacement name). Distribution: Japan and Taiwan (22, 25, 29, 34). (FE 2) Hosts: Taiwan: Sapium discolor (Euphorbiaceae), Psidium guaiacum (Myrtaceae), and Styrax formosanum (Styracaceae) (25, 29); elsewhere: Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) and Ficus sp. (Moraceae) (35). Presumably polyphagous. 23*. Platypus horishensis Murayama, 1928 깈. ꑰ엻.
(8) 82. 植物保護學會會刊. 第 45 卷. 第1期. 2003. Platypus horishensis Murayama, 1928, J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 19: 284. Distribution: Taiwan (1, 16, 27, 28, 34, 37). (FE 1) Hosts: Castanopsis kawakamii, Lithocarpus brevicaudata, and L. rhombocarpus (Fagaceae) (27) . Remarks: This species has a preference for, and may be largely restricted to the Fagaceae. 24. Platypus indicus Strohmeyer, 1910 Ꙍꯗꑰ엻 Platypus indicus Strohmeyer, 1910, Entomol. Blätt. Biol. Syst. Käfer 6: 131. Distribution: India, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, and Taiwan (3, 14, 34, 43, 46). (FE 3) Hosts: Taiwan: 'oak' (Fagaceae) (43); elsewhere, polyphagous (6). 25. Platypus kiushuensis Murayama, 1936 듟ꓦꑰ엻 Platypus kiushuensis Murayama, 1936, Tenthredo 1: 145. Distribution: Japan and Taiwan (2, 35). (FE 2) Hosts: Taiwan: none recorded; elsewhere: Quercus gilva and Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) (32). Remarks: There is too little information available on host trees to be sure whether there is a true preference for the Fagaceae. 26. Platypus koryoensis (Murayama, 1930) ꩆꑰ엻 Crossotarsus koryoensis Murayama, 1930, J. Chosen Nat. Hist. Soc. 11: 28. Platypus koryoensis (Murayama). Schedl, 1972. Monogr. Familie Platypodidae: 219. Distribution: Far E. Russia, Korea, and Taiwan (2, 31, 34, 37). (FE 2) Hosts: Taiwan: Quercus sp. (31); elsewhere: Acer sp. (Aceraceae), Carpinus laxiflora (Carpinaceae), Quercus acutissima, Q. aliena, and Q. serrata (Fagaceae) (19). Remarks: Japan was included in the distribution (52), but we have found no published records. Most of the host records are from the Fagaceae, and a preference for that family is indicated. 27. Platypus lewisi Blandford, 1894 ꩆꟵꓳꑰ엻 Platypus lewisi Blandford, 1894, Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 1894: 134. Distribution: Bhutan, India, China, Korea, Japan, and Taiwan (3, 25). (FE 3) Hosts: Taiwan: none recorded; elsewhere, polyphagous (35, 52), but with a clear preference for the Fagaceae. 28*. Platypus lunatulus Browne, 1980 앳ꑽꑰ엻 Platypus lunatulus Browne, 1980, Kontyu 48: 497. Distribution: Taiwan (1). (FE 1) Hosts: Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) (16). Remarks: This species was described by Browne from specimens intercepted in Japan in timber from Taiwan. Browne (18) recorded the species from timber imported from New.
(9) Checklist of Platypodidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) from Taiwan. Guinea to Japan, but we believe this record is doubtful, and have excluded New Guinea from the distribution. Wood and Bright (52) list the species as a junior synonym of Platypus tayabasi Schedl, with a reference to a paper by Wood (51) . This paper has never been published. We believe that the synonymy is unlikely to be correct, unless the range of variation included within P. tayabasi is considered to be extremely large. It seems more likely that a complex of species is involved, but further taxonomic studies are clearly required. 29. Platypus modestus Blandford, 1894 ꓨꑰ엻 Platypus modestus Blandford, 1894, Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 1894: 133. Distribution: Japan and Taiwan (2, 31, 34). (FE 2) Hosts: Taiwan: none recorded; elsewhere, polyphagous (35, 52). 30*. Platypus niijimai Murayama, 1931 땦ꗛ멨ꑰ엻 Platypus niijimai Murayama, 1931, J. Faculty Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 30: 197. Distribution: Taiwan (1, 29, 31, 34, 37). (FE 1) Hosts: Psidium guaiacum (Myrtaceae) (29). Remarks: This species has been intercepted in Japan in timber imported from Taiwan. 31. Platypus obtusipennis (Schedl, 1939) 쁳 ꑰ엻 Platypus obtusipennis Schedl, 1939, Arkiv. Zool. 31B(11): 2. Distribution: India, Burma, and Taiwan (3, 46). (FE 3) Hosts: Taiwan: none recorded; elsewhere: Dipterocarpus indicus (Dipterocarpaceae) (41). 32*. Platypus octodentatus Browne, 1985 ꑋ ꑰ엻 Platypus octodentatus Browne, 1985, Kontyu 53: 294. Distribution: Taiwan (1, 17). (FE 1) Host: Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) (17). Remarks: The species was described from specimens intercepted in timber imported to Japan from Taiwan. 33*. Platypus querci Browne, 1980 뻳뻰ꑰ엻 Platypus querci Browne, 1980, Kontyu 48: 488. Distribution: Taiwan (1, 15). (FE 1) Host: Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) (15). Remarks: The species was described from specimens intercepted in timber imported to Japan from Taiwan. 34. Platypus quercivorus (Murayama, 1925) ꡡ깠ꑰ엻 Crossotarsus quercivorus Murayama, 1925, J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 15: 229.. 83.
(10) 84. 植物保護學會會刊. 第 45 卷. 第1期. 2003. Crossotarsus sexfenestratus Beeson, 1937, Indian Forest Rec., N. S. Entomol. 3: 94. Synonymy: Schedl, 1972, Entomol. Arb. Mus. G. Frey 23: 156. Platypus quercivorus (Murayama). Schedl, 1972, Monogr. Familie Platypodidae: 217. Distribution: India, Japan, Java, New Guinea , and Taiwan (4, 35). (FE 4) Hosts: Taiwan: none recorded; elsewhere, polyphagous, but with a preference for the Fagaceae (21, 35) . Remarks: This species is currently causing extensive mortality of some species of oak (Quercus spp.) trees in Japan, attacking healthy trees, vectoring a pathogenic ambrosia fungus, and breeding for several generations within the same tree as it dies (20, 22, 23, 35, 47). It is a species of major economic importance in Japan. 35*. Platypus taiheizanensis (Murayama, 1932) ꓓ ꑳꑰ엻 Crossotarsus taiheizanensis Murayama, 1932, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 22: 485. Stenoplatypus taiheizanensis (Murayama). Schedl, 1935, Philippine J. Sci. 56: 401. Platypus taieheizanensis (Murayama). Schedl, 1972, Monogr. Familie Platypodidae: 220. Distribution: Taiwan (1, 30, 31, 34). (FE 1) Hosts: Castanopsis kawakamii (Fagaceae) (30). Genus Treptoplatypus Schedl, 1939 둡ꑰ엻쓝 Treptoplatypus Schedl, 1939, Verh. VII. Int. Kongr. Entomol. Berlin (1938) 7: 401. Type species: Crossotarsus trepanatus Chapuis, 1865, Monogr. Platypides: 75. 36. Treptoplatypus severini (Blandford, 1894), New Combination ꡡ둡ꑰ엻 Platypus severini Blandford, 1894, Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 1894: 136. Distribution: Japan and Taiwan (2, 25, 34). (FE 2) Hosts: Taiwan: none recorded; elsewhere, polyphagous (35). Remarks: This species is related to T. solidus (Walker), and must be transferred to the genus Treptoplatypus. 37. Treptoplatypus solidus (Walker, 1859) 뇗 둡ꑰ엻 Platypus solidus Walker, 1859, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 3 (3): 261. Treptoplatypus solidus (Walker). Wood, 1993, Gt. Basin Nat. 53: 279. Distribution: Sri Lanka, India through Southeast Asia to Australia and Micronesia, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan (4, 25, 29, 34, 35). (FE 4) Hosts: Taiwan: Psidium guaiacum (Myrtaceae) (29); elsewhere, polyphagous (52). 38*. Treptoplatypus xylographus (Schedl, 1969), New Combination ꩑둡ꑰ엻 Platypus xylographus Schedl, 1969, Kontyu 37: 216. Distribution: Taiwan (1, 36, 44). (FE 1) Hosts: Picea sp. and Pinus sp. (Pinaceae) (44)..
(11) Checklist of Platypodidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) from Taiwan. Remarks:. 85. This species was described by 2 specimens from timber imported to Japan. It clearly belongs in the genus Treptoplatypus. DUBIOUS RECORDS. The following species have been recorded from Taiwan, but we were unable to find any voucher specimens. Their actual occurrence needs to be reconfirmed prior to including them in the ambrosia beetle fauna of Taiwan. 1. Crossotarsus concinnus Blandford, 1894 멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Crossotarsus chapuisi Blandford, 1894, Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 1894: 129. (preoccupied). Crossotarsus concinnus Blandford, 1894, Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 1894: 578. Nobuchi (35) and Wood and Bright (52) include Taiwan in the distribution of this species, but Nobuchi's (38) checklist of Japanese Platypodidae restricts the distribution to Japan (Kyushu) only. 2. Dinoplatypus calamus (Blandford, 1894) 뛀멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Platypus calamus Blandford, 1894, Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 1894: 137. Dinoplatypus calamus (Blandford). Wood, 1993, Gt. Basin Nat. 53: 279. Taiwan is included in the distribution of the species by Schedl (45), Nobuchi (35, 38), Choo and Woo (19) , and Wood and Bright (52), but it is not mentioned by Nobuchi (34) in his checklist of Taiwanese species, and we have seen no actual record from Taiwan. 3. Dinoplatypus luniger (Motschulsky, 1863) 끧ꓫ뛀멉Ꟁꑰ엻 Platypus luniger Motschulsky, 1863, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 36: 510. Dinoplatypus luniger (Motschulsky). Wood, 1993, Gt. Basin Nat. 53: 279. Platypus caliculus Chapuis, 1865, Monogr. Platypides: 280. Synonymy: Wood, 1969, Gt. Basin Nat. 29: 160. Schedl (45) (as P. caliculus) and Wood and Bright (52) include Taiwan in the distribution, but again we were unable to locate any actual record.. FAUNAL ELEMENTS The 38 species of the Platypodidae from Taiwan are fairly easily divided into 6 faunal elements (FE). The system basically follows those of Beaver and Browne (4, 5) and Bright (7) , with some modifications. FE 1. Endemic species (13 species). Species are known only from Taiwan. Some of these are only known from timber imported to Japan from Taiwan, and their actual occurrence in Taiwan needs to be confirmed. A number of these species will doubtless be found to occur elsewhere in the region. FE 2. Eastern Palearctic element (9 species). These species reach their southernmost distribution in Taiwan. They occur also in 1 or more of the following countries: China, Japan, Korea, and Russia (Far East provinces)..
(12) 86. 植物保護學會會刊. 第 45 卷. 第1期. 2003. FE 3. Indian element (7 species). This element includes species known from the Indian subcontinent (usually only in the north), whose ranges extend eastward across Asia to Taiwan, sometimes including China and Japan, but which are absent from Malaysia and Indonesia. The origin of the species is not certain, and many may have originated in the Indochinese area rather than in India. FE 4. Indomalaysian element (6 species). This element includes species which occur in both the Indian-Indochinese and Malaysian-Indonesian areas, but appear to have originated on the Asian side of Wallace's line. FE 5. Papuasian element (1 species). This element includes only Crossotarsus piceus, a species unknown to occur on the Asian mainland, but probably originating in the New Guinea/Moluccas area, East of Wallace's line. Its distribution suggests that it spread westwards through the Philippines to Taiwan. FE 6. Circumtropical element (2 species). This element includes only Crossotarsus externedentatus and Diapus quinquespinatus. Both these species are distributed from Africa, through the Oriental region to Australia and the Pacific islands. HOST PREFERENCES A majority of the species of Platypodidae are polyphagous (breeding in several to many different families of trees). For such species, the size and suitability of the host tree for the growth of the symbiotic fungi, on which the larvae depend for their food and development, are more important than its taxonomic affinity (2) . However, some species are oligophagous, that is, they show a strong preference for a particular host tree family, and rarely attack others. In the case of Taiwanese species, this family is almost always the Fagaceae. The following species show a distinct preference for this family: Diapus aculeatus, Platypus beaveri, P. horishensis, P. koryoensis, P. lewisi, P. quercivorus, and possibly P. kiushuensis. A single species, Crossotarsus rengetensis, seems to show a preference for the family Lauraceae. Platypus curtus shows a preference for the family Dipterocarpaceae outside Taiwan, but its hosts in Taiwan are not known. Because of the difficulty of finding suitable hosts in species-rich forests, host preferences are only likely to develop for hosts that are either common, and/or produce volatiles that make suitable trees easier to locate (1) . In Taiwanese forests, the Fagaceae is the most common family of trees, while the Lauraceae, although less common, produces aromatic volatiles.. LITERATURE CITED 1. Beaver, R. A. 1979. Host specificity of temperate and tropical animals. Nature 281: 139-141. 2 Beaver, R. A. 1989. Insect-fungus relationships in the bark and ambrosia. beetles. pp.121-143 In: N. Wilding, N. M. Collins, P. M. Hammond, and J. F. Webber [eds.], Insect-fungus interactions, Academic Press, London. 3. Beaver, R. A. 2000. Ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Platypodidae) of the South Pacific. Can. Entomol. 132: 755-763..
(13) Checklist of Platypodidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) from Taiwan. 4. Beaver, R. A., and Browne, F. G. 1975. The Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand. Oriental Ins. 9: 283-311. 5. Beaver, R. A., and Browne, F. G. 1978. The Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera) of Penang, Malaysia. Oriental Ins. 12: 575-624. 6. Beeson, C. F. C. 1961. The ecology and control of the forest insects of India and the neighbouring countries. Government of India, New Delhi. 767 pp. 7. Bright, D. E. 2000. Scolytidae (Coleoptera) of Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia, with ecological notes and descriptions of six new species. Serangga 5: 41-85. 8. Bright, D. E., and Skidmore, R. E. 1997. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Supplement 1 (1990-1994). NRC Research Press, Ottawa. 368 pp. 9. Bright, D. E., and Skidmore, R. E. 2002. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Supplement 2 (1995-1999). NRC Research Press, Ottawa. 523 pp. 10. Browne, F. G. 1961. The biology of Malayan Scolytidae and Platypodidae. Malay. For. Rec. 22: 1-255. 11. Browne, F. G. 1968. Pests and diseases of forest plantation trees. Clarendon Press, Oxford, UK. 1330 pp. 12. Browne, F. G. 1977. Beeson's undescribed Diapodinae and some other species (Col., Platypodidae). Entomol. Mon. Mag. 112: 97-103. 13. Browne, F. G. 1980a. Bark beetles and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae and Platypodidae) intercepted at Japanese ports, with descriptions of new species, I. Kontyu 48: 370-379.. 87. 14. Browne, F. G. 1980b. Bark beetles and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae and Platypodidae) intercepted at Japanese ports, with descriptions of new species, II. Kontyu 48: 380-389. 15. Browne, F. G. 1980c. Bark beetles and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae and Platypodidae) intercepted at Japanese ports, with descriptions of new species, III. Kontyu 48: 482-489. 16. Browne, F. G. 1980d. Bark beetles and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae and Platypodidae) intercepted at Japanese ports, with descriptions of new species, IV. Kontyu 48: 490-500. 17. Browne, F. G. 1985. Bark beetles and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae and Platypodidae) intercepted at Japanese ports, with descriptions of new species, XII. Kontyu 53: 290-296. 18. Browne, F. G. 1986. Bark beetles and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae and Platypodidae) intercepted at Japanese ports, with descriptions of new species, XIV. Kontyu 54: 333-343. 19. Choo, H. Y., and Woo, K. S. 1985. Taxonomic studies on the Platypodidae and Scolytidae (Coleoptera) from Korea. I. Platypodidae, Slolyoplatatypinae [sic] and Scolytinae. Ins. Koreana 5: 31-47. 20. Hijii, Y., Kajimura, H., Urano, T., Kinuura, H., and Itami, H. 1991. The mass mortality of oak trees induced by Platypus quercivorus (Murayama) and Platypus calamus Blandford (Coleoptera: Platypodidae). The density and spatial distribution of attack by the beetles. J. Jpn. For. Soc. 73: 471-476. 21. Kalshoven, L. G. E. 1960. Studies on the biology of Indonesian Scolytoidea. 7..
(14) 88. 植物保護學會會刊. Data on the habits of Platypodidae. Tijdschr. Entomol. 103: 31-50. 22.Kamata, N., Esaki, K., Kato, K., Igeta, Y., and Wada, K. 2002. Potential impact of global warming on deciduous oak dieback caused by ambrosia fungus Raffaelea sp. carried by ambrosia beetle Platypus quercivorus (Coleoptera: Platypodidae) in Japan. Bull. Entomol. Res. 92: 119-126. 23. Kinuura, H. 1995. Life history of Platypus quercivorus (Murayama) (Coleoptera: Platypodidae). pp. 373-383 In: F. P. Hain, S. P. Salom, W. F. Ravlin, T. L. Payne, and K. F. Raffa. [eds.]. Behavior, population dynamics and control of forest insects. Proceedings Joint IUFRO Working Party Conference, Maui, Hawaii, Feb. 6-11, 1994. 24. Kuschel, G., Leschen, R. A. B., and Zimmerman, E. C. 2000. Platypodidae under scrutiny. Invert. Taxon. 14: 771-805. 25. Murayama, J. 1925a. On the Platypodidae of Formosa. J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 15: 197-228. 26. Murayama, J. 1925b. Supplementary notes on "The Platypodidae of Formosa". J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 15: 229-235. 27. Murayama, J. 1928a. Supplementary notes on the Platypodidae of Formosa II. J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 19: 283-290. 28. Murayama, J. 1928b. The mode of attack and tunnelling by Crossotarsus rengetensis Niijima et Murayama. Ins. Matsumurana 3: 26-35. 29. Murayama, J. 1931. Supplementary notes on the Platypodidae of Formosa III. J.. 第 45 卷. 第1期. 2003. Faculty Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 30: 195-203. 30. Murayama, J. 1932. A new species of Platypodidae from Formosa. Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 22: 485-487. 31. Murayama, J. 1934. Supplementary notes on the Platypodidae of Formosa IV. J. Faculty Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 35: 133-149. 32. Murayama, J. 1936. Notes sur les Scolytides (Coléoptères) de Honshu et Kiushu, Japon. Tenthredo 1: 121-149. 33. Murayama, J. 1956. Two new species of Platypodidae from the Oriental region. Coleopt. Bull. 10: 11-15. 34. Nobuchi, A. 1967. Formosan Scolytoidea (Coleoptera). Bull. Govt. For. Exp. Stn. 207: 11-30. 35. Nobuchi, A. 1973. The Platypodidae of Japan (Coleoptera). Bull. Govt. For. Exp. Stn. 277: 41-60. 36. Nobuchi, A. 1977. Platypodidae found in imported tropical timbers from Southeast Asia and others (Coleoptera). Bull. Govt. For. Exp. Stn. 296: 101-155 (in Japanese). 37. Nobuchi, A. 1980. Studies on Scolytidae, XIX. Formosan Platypodidae and Scolytidae collected by Dr. Yan-I Chu (Coleoptera). Entomol. Rev. Jpn. 34: 93-97 (in Japanese). 38. Nobuchi, A. 1985. Family Platypodidae. Check-list Col. Jpn. 29: 1-3. 39. Ohno, S. 1990. The Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera) from Borneo found in logs at Nagoya port II. Res. Bull. Plant Prot. Jpn. 26: 95-103. 40. Roberts, H. 1977. The Platypodidae (Coleoptera) of Fiji, with descriptions of two new species. J. Nat. Hist. 11:.
(15) Checklist of Platypodidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) from Taiwan. 555-578. 41. Schedl, K. E. 1962. Indian bark and timber beetles, IV. Ind. For. Rec. Entomol. 10: 161-169. 42. Schedl, K. E. 1965. Scolytidae und Platypodidae Afrikas. Band 3. Platypodidae. Revta Entomol. Moçamb. 5: 595-1352. 43. Schedl, K. E. 1966. Pin-hole borers and bark-beetles (Scolytidae and Platypodidae) intercepted from imported logs in Japanese ports. Kontyu 34: 29-43. 44. Schedl, K. E. 1969. Bark-beetles and pin-hole borers (Scolytidae and Platypodidae) intercepted from imported logs in Japanese ports. Kontyu 37: 202-219. 45. Schedl, K. E. 1972. Monographie der Familie Platypodidae Coleoptera. W. Junk, Den Haag. 322 pp. 46. Schedl, K. E. 1975. Bark and timber beetles of the Oriental region. Oriental Ins. 11: 499-504. 47. Soné, K., Mori, T., and Ide, M. 1998.. 89. Life history of the oak borer, Platypus quercivorus (Murayama) (Coleoptera: Platypodidae). Appl. Entomol. Zool. 33: 67-75. 48. Strohmeyer, H. 1912. H. Sauter's FormosaAusbeute. Ipidae und Platypodidae. Entomol. Mitt. 1: 38-42. 49.Strohmeyer, H. 1913. Neue Platypodiden. Entomol. Blätt. Biol. Syst. Käfer 9: 161-165. 50. Thompson, R. T. 1992. Observations on the morphology and classification of weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) with a key to major groups. J. Nat. Hist. 26: 835-891. 51. Wood, S. L. 1993. Revision of the genera of Platypodidae (Coleoptera). Gt. Basin Nat. 53: 259-281. 52. Wood, S. L., and Bright, D. E. 1992. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Part 2: Taxonomic index, volume B. Gt. Basin Nat. Mem. 13: 835-1553..
(16) 90. 植物保護學會會刊. 멋. 第 45 卷. 第1期. 2003. 굮. Roger A. Beaver 1ꅂꗛ뻋ꥶ 2* 2003 뭏왗 ꑰ엻싎곬ꅝ쁔꿍ꗘꅇ뙈믳싎셠곬ꅞ ꙗ뿽 듓ꭏ라ꕚ 45ꅇ75ꇐ90. ꅝ1161/2 Mu 5, Soi Wat Pranon, T.Donkaew, A.Maerim, Chiangmai 50180, Thailandꅆ2 뭏 쏺깰뙭 ꛦ걆끼륁띾ꥥ귻라륁띾룕엧꧒ ꗎ냊 닕ꅞ ꗾꕀ곉ꑷ 곹 1400 뫘ꕈꑗ ꑰ엻싎곬꧸싎ꅁ뭏왗끏뿽 38 뫘ꅁꕴ 멉Ꟁꑰ엻ꅝCrossotarsus concinnus Blandfordꅞ ꅂ 뛀멉Ꟁꑰ엻ꅝDinoplatypus calamus (Blandford)ꅞ끧ꓫ뛀멉Ꟁꑰ엻ꅝDinoplatypus luniger (Motschulsky)ꅞ ꑔ뫘Ꝁꣃ때ꩫ뵔뭻걏ꝟ꓀ꝇ꧳뭏왗ꅃ ꓥ녎뛀멉Ꟁꑰ엻ꅝDinoplatypus flectus (Niijima & Murayama) ꅞꅂ ꑨ 뛀 멉 Ꟁ ꑰ 엻 ꅝ D. kusukusensis (Murayama)ꅞ ꅂꡡ둡ꑰ엻ꅝTreptoplatypus severini (Blandford)ꅞ ꅂ꩑둡ꑰ엻ꅝT. xylographus (Schedl)ꅞ 2 쓝 4 뫘ꛛ Platypus 쓝 ꕘꅁ녎뫘ꙗ ꕈ 띳닕Ꙙꅃ 곣ꡳ ꙗ뿽 ꙃꕘꡃꑀ뫘 ꓀ꝇ귗굱ꅂꗾꕀ곉뭐뭏왗 녈ꕄ끏뿽ꅁꕈ ꣓ 곬 믝굮뙩ꑀꡂ 끑 ꓀쏾뷒썄ꅁꗧ끑뷗 곬 롧샙 굮꧊뭏왗 ꑰ엻싎곛 닕 뭐녈ꕄ ꙮꅃ (쏶쇤뗼ꅇꑰ엻싎곬ꅂ뭏왗ꅂ녈ꕄꅂ꓀ꝇ) * 덱끔ꝀꅃE-mail: [email protected].
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