文化中國．地理台灣─蕭麗紅一九七○年代小說中的鄉土語境

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(1)ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉ 2005 Ԓ 12 У ॳ 1-42. НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ ྇! ᆶ ㄃઻ञણ‫ש‬ᢕᄽણ₇Ԟᄞ࿙. ʑᄽၪ⣬ ΚΟΝɒԒхп‫ٿ‬ȂНϾ፤ख़Ϝ‫ޠ‬ȶѯᢋ໑ρȷ Ȃഷߒ࢑୉࣐ȶϜ୾໑ρȷ‫ޠ‬ ෈ٙՅя౫ȂӶНᏱϜȂ ȶѯᢋ໑ρȷᇅȶНϾϜ୾ȷ‫ڎ‬ᆎಓጇ౐‫ڏ‬२ቺ‫ܓ‬Ȅпԫ ਣхनෂᢏᎨᒄᝌकΝɒԒхϊᇴ‫ޠ‬ȶ໑ρᇮძȷ ȂՍȮտߝᆖȯп‫ٿ‬Ȃӵ౪ѯᢋ ᇅНϾϜ୾‫ޠ‬ಓጇ֊२ቺ‫ٯ‬ԇȂԚ࣐ԃ‫ޠ‬НᏱஆ።ȄᒄᝌकՍചȂԃϟ‫ܛ‬пቹձ Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯ ȃ ȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯ Ȃࣲᇅདዋਣхᡑ᎑ȃНϾᆡઢྜᓟѷဤԥᜱȂ‫ڐ‬ ȶ໑ρቹᄃȷ࢑ᄈ՚Ͼ‫ޠ‬ЇࡧȂՅ‫ڐ‬ձࠣϜ‫֖ܛ‬ᡘ‫ޠ‬ȶНϾϜ୾ȷ ȞЯ୾ȟᇅȶӵ ౪ѯᢋȷȞҕρȟϟᔫ࢐ޮါȂ‫ߓ؂‬ኊΠΚᆎਣхᇮძȄ ੖ᜟȃ෬ᢋȃΥජྪȃന༵ȃᢅҥȃൡ๊ۭޫ໣ཏຬȂ‫ם‬ᄻяᒄᝌकձࠣϜ ᑀ੬‫ޠ‬ȶࢉ໑ᇮძȷ ȄՅᜱܼȶНϾϜ୾ȷϟഌȂӶȮտߝᆖȯϜ࢑༉ಜᔜቒȃॲ ࡢȃυఁȃυ‫ܓ‬जȂӶȮਵ߇ࡔȯϜȂࠍ࢑єࢃ៉٘ȃᘟජȃ॒࿾Ӷϲ‫ޠ‬Κ৉Ϝ ୾υ‫ܓ‬ٙᡞ፤ख़Ȅ Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯᄈȶНϾϜ୾ȷᙅఁ‫؃‬ᑪ‫״ޠ‬ց‫ࣦܓ‬஽Ȅࣻᄈ‫ޠ‬Ȃ Ȯξ ԱԥЬξԱУȯϜȂ ȶӵ౪ѯᢋȷ‫ڏޠ‬ᡞშෂቩђΠȂ໑ρ௒ᛅྗّܼߓȂ๗Ӭρӵ ᇅᒒఋᜱ߾Ȃȶҕρȷ྆‫܉‬ᙵࣵȇѫΚР८ȂȶНϾϜ୾ȷ‫ޠ‬შෂࠔηӤኻᘁ݃Ȃഇ ႇԒ࿾ᙅߺॴߺᛳ‫ڔޠ‬დȃஐ኉υఁစ‫ޠڑ‬༉ख़Ȃ ȶԂυԥ኉ȷ࢑೼ഌϊᇴ‫ޠ‬ஆҐυ ‫ܓ‬შ჌ȂНϾϜ୾пЯ᠍НϾ‫ޠ‬ಓጇਖดᡬҴȂȶЯ୾ȷཏຬᘁ݃ȄȶНϾϜ୾ȷᇅ ȶӵ౪ѯᢋȷһᙒ२ቺ‫ޠ‬შ჌ȂҔ࢑ᒄᝌकΝɒԒхϊᇴȶ໑ρᇮძȷ‫ޠ‬ஆ።Ȅ 〦⼫⥱Řᄽջʑߡ. ⵯ߭⦝ࣀ. ᕒ߭. ᦬ߡ. ॉᄞ.

(2) 2! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. Cultural China, geographic Taiwan ѧѧ“Folk context” of Hsiao Li-Hung’s works in the 1970s Tsui Yang Associate Professor, Department of Taiwanese Literature Providence University. Abstract From the 1970s, at first the cultural discusser of “Native Taiwan” is a substitute for “Cultural China”, the two codes of “Native Taiwan” and “Cultural China” have multi-layeredness in literature. We can take the background as a basic to study the “Native locality” of Hsiao Li-Hung’s works in the 1970s, from the work of “Leng chin chien” the codes of geographic Taiwan coexist with the Cultural China, and turn into a kind of fundamental key in her creation. Hsiao Li-Hung said that the reason to create “Kuei hua hsiang” and “A Thousand Moons on A Thousand Rivers” is to sigh the transiyion of times, and the lost of cultural spirit. “Native Writing” is her self-examination of modernity, her works are not only presented the ambiguous dispute between Cultural ChinaΰFatherlandαand geographic TaiwanΰMotherlandα, but also characterized the context of age. The space images such as the sea, harbor, pa-chang river, fish farm, salt pan, and an embankment were composed a special folk context in the Hsiao Li-Hung’s works. The description about “Cultural China” in “Leng chin chien” were traditional drama, tonality, feminine education and the female beauty; in “Kuei hua hsiang” were about a set of Chinese feminine body discusser, such as bound feet, tuan-chang and chastity. There is a very strong criticism to the constraint of Cultural China’s manner and education in “Kuei hua hsiang”. On the one side, there have.

(3) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 3. more concrete views of geographic Taiwan and full of deep feeling in folk, the concept of “motherland” is getting full and rich by combining motherland and clannish relationship in “A Thousand Moons on A Thousand Rivers”. On the other side, there also has a vivid prospect of Cultural China, and the basic feminine image in this novel is “good woman has good virtue” by describing the customers, manners and the classics of feminine education. Cultural China is distinguished from others as patriarchal culture, and the image of “fatherland” is bright. “Cultural China” and “geographic Taiwan” interweave a multi-layered image to be a folk context fundamental key in the 1970s novels of Hsiao Li-Hung. KEY WORDSΚCultural Chinaʳ Folk contextʳ Motherlandʳ Fatherlandʳ Feminine education.

(4) 4! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ ǖǖ◳㓚₏ɺʪɼȠ౺˩ଅ⦦ʑ᱿ⵯ߭⦝ࣀ. ɺȮԊ⤵ŘɼȠ౺˩Ŋ‫ש‬ᢕȵ߱ࢍȶ ΚΟѳϥԒಥ᏾ࡤȂѯᢋНᏱൠ஀‫ݗ‬༶ਙಌȂ৭ϲНᏱަထ౱Ңဋඳᇅ२ ಣȂНᏱෂᢏᐤစѽτ‫װ‬ᡑȄԫᆎ‫װ‬ᡑȂଷΠ‫ڏ‬౫ӶНᏱൠ஀᠍ΩҢᄙ‫ޠ‬ᡑ᎑ ϟѵȂη౐‫ڔ‬ኈ៫ΠѯᢋНᏱึ৥‫ॴޠ‬ᇽȇԄച࡛‫ّܛ܇‬Ȉ կ઎Ҕኈ៫‫ژ‬᏾ࡤߒ෉НᏱൠ஀ึ৥‫ޠ‬ӱષȂ৽ܑ࢑᏾ࡤߒ෉ȶϜ୾Ͼȷ ԫΚȶНϾስᏳ᠍ȷ Ȟculture hegemonyȂΚណȶНϾ៨᠍ȷȟ‫࡛ޠ‬ҴІ‫ڐ‬ ਣх‫ݦ‬൝ȂѻҔਂਂӵኈ៫຀ѯᢋНᏱൠ஀‫ݗޠ‬༶२ಣȂ௄Յηਂਂኈ ៫຀НᏱึ৥‫ޠ‬८ᇽȂ‫ڐ‬ਞᔗ‫ژ‬ȶΡΡΥ‫ٲ‬ӈȷࡤཽབђ݃ᡘȄ. 1. ᏾ࡤȂ୾Җឪ࿌‫׌‬п஽᠍ࡅᔇ‫ޠ‬ಜ‫ݾ‬КࢳȂഇႇឪ୾ఁϾၜម‫ق‬ಜȂ࡛ᄻΚ৉ ᛂดՅณ‫ܛ‬ϛӶ‫ޠ‬ȶϜ୾ȷлఅ‫ٲ‬ᡞȂ౐Τө઼ఁ‫ي‬ᡞ‫ق‬ȃ൭ᡞᇅНϾӕҢ౱ ൠ஀Ȅᇅԫࣻᄈ‫ޠ‬ȂȶѯᢋȷԚ࣐Κঐࣻᄈఅ‫ٲ‬ᡞȂ๊Ӥܼȶᜟᛡ౵஀ȷȂϛ‫ڏ‬ Ս‫ש‬лᡞఅ‫᠍ٲ‬Ȃߞ෉ೞࡋᡞϾȃຏޫϾȂࣦՎ‫ם‬ӤȶϛӶൠȷ ȇ൸ӵ౪ޫ໣‫ޠ‬ ᄃԇՅّȂ ȶѯᢋȷ‫ࡋޠ‬ᢏԇӶ‫ڿ‬ดณѠဋᅹȂดՅȂ൸Ѡᒲᜌ‫ޠ‬НϾޫ໣ՅّȂ ѯᢋࠔ֖౫яߞ෉ȶ՞ಌѷ‫ܛ‬ȷ‫ޠ‬НϾෂᢏȄѯᢋ՟Җԫᆎӵ౪ᄃԇʝНϾདྷ ჌ᝓ२ບᚕ‫ޠ‬ᆡઢშ჌ȂӶച࡛‫ܛ܇‬ᒞȶНᏱึ৥‫ޠ‬८ᇽȷΚᆓఽྀᡞ౫ȇᜱ ܼԫᘉȂഇႇᄈ᏾ࡤѯᢋНᏱձࠣϲӶ‫ޠ‬ȶਣ໣‫ܓ‬ȷ Ȟᐤѭଅᏺȃ౫ᄃདȃґ‫ٿ‬ 1. ച ࡛ ‫ ܇‬ȂȲ ᏾ ࡤ ߒ ෉ ౫ ᄃ л ဏ ࡧ ዙ ᇅ ѯ ᢋ Н Ᏹ ൠ ஀ ‫ ޠ‬ӕ ᄻ ᑟ ˕˕Н Ᏹ ѭ ‫ ޠ‬Κ ঐ ୐ ८ Ȟ1945-1949ȟȳ ȂึߓܼԚѓτᏱѯН‫ق‬лᒳȂѯᢋНᏱѭਫቹ୾ርᏱ೛ःଇཽȞ2002 Ԓ 11 У 22-24 СȟȂॳ 9Ȅ.

(5) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 5. དྷ჌ȟᇅȶޫ໣‫ܓ‬ȷ Ȟ໑ρཏᜌȃ঩໑ᇰӤȃ঩໑དྷ჌ȟ‫ތޠ‬ਸᇅ௥સȂѠпఽ ྀᢏ‫ޤ‬Ȅ ӶНᏱൠ஀᠍Ω‫ݗ‬༶ਙಌ२ᄻ‫ޠ‬ΚΟϥɒԒхȂၮᓎ୾‫ࢻۻ‬κ‫ٿ‬ѯ‫ޠ‬Ϝ୾ ձঢ়Ԛ࣐НᏬлᡞȂуউ‫ޠ‬ձࠣ੏љ৥౫яᇅС‫ݾ‬ਣ෉п‫ٿ‬ѯᢋӶӵձঢ়ᄡด ϛӤ‫ޠ‬ᐤѭစᡜȃଅᏺშෂᇅޫ໣ᇮძȄՅҐρ‫ޠ‬ձঢ়ࠍҦܼ࢈‫ݾ‬ȃစᔽȃᇮ ّȃЗ౪๊Ӽ२ӱષȂ‫޲ܗ‬Ӷлᢏαѷџ഻ձ୞૗Ȃ‫޲ܗ‬Ӷࡋᢏαೞদჵᇴၘ ᠍ȂՅ‫ם‬Ԛȶ໲ᡞѷᇮ઀ȷȇԫᆎȶ໲ᡞѷᇮ઀ȷȂࢌ࢑Ң౪α‫઀੿ޠ‬ȂӤਣη ࢑ᆡઢ੿ฯ‫ޠ‬ᝪ঑ȂΚԄࡋᝳυၒ΢؈ዟ߀ੀӶ‫ڐ‬ၒձϜ‫ܛ‬৥౫‫ޠ‬ѷᇮȃѷџ ԇӶད‫ޠ‬शඏȈ ϛ‫ޤ‬եਣȂ୳ԥՍϐ૗ᒔ᠚‫ޠ‬ಡཌྷᖑॲȂ ٦ᖑॲ‫ڿر‬ӵȂαᚈΠȄ ௄٦ਣକ ᇮّѷџΠяπȄ ౫ӶȂѬ૗๊ࡠུ‫ޠ‬ᖑॲȄ ΚЉέΚЉӵȂ ᝓ๧ӵ‫ף‬टӵ๊ࡠȄ. 2. ᐍᡞՅّȂϥɒԒх‫ޠ‬ѯᢋНᏱᇮძȂጃด֖ᡘяᘁ݃‫ࢻޠ‬κᇮძȃঞ๗‫ޠ‬ਣ ໣ཏᜌᇅຏᔤ‫ޠ‬Ϝ୾໑ρདྷ჌ 3ȄΚΟϳɒԒхȂзࣩөӵȶ᏾ࡤᔊ‫ڌ‬ዙȷԚߞ କ‫ޠٿ‬зхȂԥࣻ᜹ߗ‫ޠ‬Ң‫ڽ‬ᇮძȇуউ‫ء‬ԥ᏾‫ލ‬စᡜȂࠔᡞᡜ຀᏾ࡤࡩᗙᡑ ୞‫ึཽަޠ‬৥ȂᇅαΚх֖ᡘяစᡜα‫ޠ‬ᘟບȂӶᡑ୞‫ཽަޠ‬စᔽᇅНϾዂԓ ϜȂ௥સՍϐ‫ޠ‬ਣޫ৵ዀᇅԇӶཏဏȄϳɒԒхߨԒ‫ܼٗۍ‬՘୞ᇅຏณ‫ڎޠ‬ ᆓȂᄈަཽ౫ᄃᛅܳ౪དྷ᜺ෂȂࠔέ዗ᇌ຀౐‫ޠؗ‬ຏณлဏȂೞᇰ࣐࢑ᄈ༉. 2. 3. ؈ዟ߀ੀȂ Ȳᖑॲȳ ȂԞܼ؄ఄࠎጢȂ Ȯ།π‫˕˕߇ޠ‬ΡΡΥၒ໲ȯ ȞѯіȈҞύަя‫ަޏ‬Ȃ 1997 Ԓ 2 УȟȂॳ 37Ȅ ሂ࡞ᄀ෇ᄈϥɒԒхࢻκлᡞ‫ޠ‬Ϝ୾໑ρమగᢏདྷໍ՘ᆡ៧‫ޠ‬፤ख़Ȃ୥ُЫ຀Ȃ Ȳ୾ఋདྷ ჌‫᠍ޠ‬Ωᡓᒯ˕˕ၑ፤ϥɒԒхࢻκлᡞȃϵስ஀ȃᇅ౫х‫ܓ‬ϟ໣‫ޠ‬Ѡ૗ᜱ߾ȳ ȂԞܼЫ ຀ȂȮᔝ຀૪ൿ‫ژ‬೏ਢ՘ȯȞѯіȈѽࢻშਫϵѨȂ2001 Ԓ 11 УȟȂॳ 151-202Ȅ.

(6) 6! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ಜȃᄈ౫ᄃЇࠖ‫ޠ‬зхȄ؄ҘᐴпСҐ࣐‫پ‬ȂࡿяϳɒԒхᇅΝɒԒх‫ޠ‬ৰ౵ შෂȈ ή৭ҦखЊϹဝ‫ٲ‬ӈӶСҐՅّሴ൳ຬኊཏဏȄ೼‫ٲ‬ӈΚР८ຬኊΚΟ ϳɒԒхᏱҢၽ୞‫ޠ‬ᐮ௒ϑစႇџ˕˕Ҽ֊ή৭‫ޠ‬՘୞лဏСઊᒍՔȇ ΚР८ࡈұུ‫ޠ‬ਣх֊஡‫ٿ‬ᖞ˕˕ϊಁ੒ຳлဏ‫ٿޠ‬ᖞȄ. 4. ΚΟϳɒԒхȂзࣩөӵߨԒᑗ྄ᐾᐷ՘୞ዦ௒Ȃᄈܼ౫ᄃަཽ‫ޠ‬ϛϵϛဏȂ ࠎܼਖٙЇ‫׫‬Ȃଢؒ΢᜹ӔӤ‫ޠ‬ՍҦȃ҂๊ᇅ۸ᆌ౪དྷȄดՅȂᇅԫࣻᄈ‫ޠ‬Ȃ ΚΟϳɒԒх‫ޠ‬ѯᢋȂМࡼߨԒЇ‫׫‬౫ᄃȃଢؒՍҦ‫ޫཽަޠ‬໣ࣻᄈვнȇϳ ɒԒх‫ޠ‬ѯᢋߨԒȂϬด೏ܼ୾Җឪឪ୾ఁϾၜម‫ق‬ಜᝓஞᐈ௢‫ޠ‬ਣхȂЇࠖ ࡧདྷ‫ء‬ԥяπȄᐍᡞՅّȂѯᢋϳɒԒх‫ޠ‬ȶзхདȷ࢑ȶϲӪ‫ܓ‬ȷ‫ޠ‬Ȃ‫ޤ‬ᜌ ߨԒӼп՚РԇӶлဏᇅ౫хлဏࡧདྷ࣐ϲຝᜣȂ౐ΤՍ‫ש‬ϲӶȂ௥ؒҢ‫ڽ‬ԇ Ӷ‫ޠ‬ཏဏȄ ӱԫȂϳɒԒхѯᢋϟ‫ܛ‬п࢑ȶณ਴ȷ‫ޠ‬ԒхȂଷΠЇᔗя᏾ࡤᔊ‫ڌ‬ዙ‫ޠ‬ ࢛ᆎӔӤᆡઢშ჌ϟѵȂη‫؀‬ᜱ࿌ਣ৭ϲ‫ࡍޠ‬ഗ‫ܓ‬ਣʝޫᇮძȄуউᇅ᏾ࠊз хϛӤȇ᏾ࠊзхȂЏ‫࢑ڐ‬ၮᓎ୾‫ٿۻ‬ѯ‫ޠ‬Ϝ୾ࢻκлᡞȂΚૢՅّȂӶЇ‫׿‬ ઢၘᇅࡼ៊‫ޠ‬Ϝ୾మగᢏདྷ‫ۼ‬ίȂ‫ڐ‬ᇰӤშᜋጃᄃ‫ڏ‬ԥࣻᄈᛨۢ‫ܓ‬ȄՅ᏾ࡤз хȂӶНϾᇰӤȃρӵᇰӤȃ୾ఋᇰӤР८Ȃࠍᗵด֖౫ȶᚗ२ຏ಴ȷ‫ޠ‬ᆡઢ შ჌ȇឪ୾НϾఁ‫ي‬Ϝ‫ޠ‬Яડϟ୾˕˕ȶϜ୾ȷ ȂѬ࢑࢈‫ݾ‬ઢၘȃНϾ‫ᝳڑ‬ᇅޫ ໣དྷ჌ȇՅရί‫ܛ‬፿ȃССॶ໾‫ڐ‬ЬԾ‫ޠ‬ҐρҢࣁޫ໣ȂӶࢌԥ‫ޠ‬НϾఅ‫ٲ‬ᡞ Ϝࠔณ௄ད‫ޤ‬ȄȶϜ୾ȷ࢑ঐᛂดѽτ‫ޠ‬అ‫ٲ‬ᡞȂᘁ݃ӵȶӶൠȷȂࠔέϛ‫ڏ‬Ѡ ད‫ڏޠޤ‬ᡞȶॴρȷȇՅѯᢋࠍ࢑ϛ‫ڏ‬అ‫ޠ᠍ٲ‬ȶ౵஀ȷȃȶу޲ȷȂዂጚӵȶϛ Ӷൠȷ Ȃࠔέ࢑ရίѠད‫ޠޤ‬ȶॴρȷ ȄࢌณϜ୾έณѯᢋȂϳɒԒхѯᢋ‫ޠ‬ȶณ ਴ȷᇮძȂ‫ڐ‬ᄃ዗Ӷ຀౐‫ޠؗ‬ȶᇰӤӡᐡȷᇅȶᘫ឵ҮࣾȷȄ. 4. ؄ҘᐴȂ ȲΚΟΝɒԒх‫ޠ‬СҐȳ ȂԞܼ྇ᐪлጢȂ ȮΝɒԒх˕˕౪དྷ᝸៊ᐾᐷȯ ȞѯіȈ ਣൣНϾϵѨȂ1994 Ԓ 12 УȟȂॳ 223Ȅ.

(7) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 7. Ԅࠊ‫ܛ‬ख़Ȃ᏾ࡤѯᢋНᏱᐤစࢻκᇅᛅ໑௒ძϜ‫ܛ‬৥౫‫ޠ‬ȶঞ๗‫ޠ‬ਣ໣ȅ ຏᔤ‫ޫޠ‬໣ȷ ȂпІ౫хлဏॴዙϜ‫ޠ‬ȶਣ໣‫ޠ‬ᘟບȅޫ໣‫ޠ‬ഗ༭ȷ‫ޠ‬ਣхშෂȄ ԫᆎ౫ຬȂ‫ژ‬ΠΚΟΝɒԒхȂԥΠϛΚኻ‫ޠ‬फ୞ȄࣻၷܼࠊԫȶѯᢋȷӶН ᏱϜ‫ޠ‬඾ႈϛӶൠȂΚΟΝɒԒхȂНᏱϜ‫ޠ‬ȶѯᢋ໑ρȷཏຬᗵดਜ਼୞Ȃዀ ቿ຀Κᆎུ‫ޠ‬ଅᏺშෂᇅޫ໣ᇮძ‫ޠ‬໡৥Ȅ ΚΟΝɒԒΫΚУ‫ߴޠ‬ഓၽ୞Ȃೞᇰ࣐࢑२ུᐾକѯᢋ‫ޤ‬ᜌϸφ‫ޠ‬౪དྷዦ ௒ȃ‫״‬ցཏᜌᇅ‫׾‬९՘୞‫ࡿޠ‬ዀ‫ٲܓ‬ӈȄߴഓၽ୞ࡤ‫ڿٿ‬ดԚ࣐ಜʝᑀ‫ލ‬ឋ‫ޠ‬ ൠ஀ 5ȂดՅӶΚΟΝɒԒхȂѻጃᄃ࢑пȶϜ୾Җఋлဏȷ‫ޠ‬ཏᜌࡧ௚Յ໡ః ‫ޠ‬Ȅࣻᄈܼߴഓၽ୞ਣѯᢋ‫ޤ‬ᜌϸφ‫״ܛ‬ց‫ޠ‬जСࡕ୾лဏȂ ȶϜ๽Җ୾ȷ‫୾ޠ‬ ঢ়ಓဵშឣ࢑Κঐᄈᔗ‫ޠ‬୥ྲᡞȄߴഓߨԒϟ‫ܛ‬пਙңȶϜ୾ȷ‫ޠ‬ຬኊಓဵȂ ϛ༊ЦܼуউϛΠ၍ѯᢋᐤѭαዦ੩‫ޠ‬ЇСʝЇ෦ҖစᡜȂՅ࢑ҦܼȶϜ୾ȷ ϑೞ࡛ᄻԚΚಣѠпၽң‫ޠ‬ȶຬኊၦྜȷ6ȄӤਣȂӶөРਙңȶϜ୾ȷ୾ఋຬ ኊಓဵȂ୉࣐ѣൕѯᢋ΢Җ‫ޠ‬໲ᡞଅᏺᇅᇰӤϟርȂ ȶѯᢋȷഷߒϬ࢑ϛӶൠ‫ޠ‬ȇ ΝɒԒх‫ޤ‬ᜌϸφӱ࣐‫״‬ցजСࡕ୾лဏȂӶȶѯᢋȷ൷‫٘׳‬пՍ༈‫ޠ‬ȶϜ୾ȷ Ȃ ȶѯᢋ౫ᄃȷഷߒϬѬ࢑ңпᒲᜌȶϜ୾НϾȷϟԇӶȄ ดՅȂߴഓၽ୞ࡼ៊ึ৥࣐ЇࡕҖఋлဏၽ୞Ȃђαѯᢋ‫ޠ‬ѵһ౫ᄃΚӕ २ਚȂпІ୾Җឪ࢈‫ۻ‬ᄈߴഓߨԒᏱҢၽ୞‫҉ڸិ৽ޠ‬ᔇȂЇႇ‫ٿ‬य़‫ߨٻ‬ԒᏱ ҢЇࡧȶϜ๽Җ୾ȷ࢈᠍‫ޠ‬ಜ‫ݾ‬Ґ፵Ȃη‫ٻ‬уউࡧᒲȈ঻ঐಜ‫᠍࢈ݾ‬૗஋хߓ. 5. 6. ᜱܼഓനѯл᠍‫ލ‬ឋȂ٠ЦᐤစήԪॴ‫ݱ‬ȂҦܼѻ౟ਗ਼‫ژ‬СҐȃϜ๽Җ୾ȃϜ๽΢ҖӔ ‫๊୾ڸ‬Ӽᜟϟ୾ঢ়л᠍ୱᚡȂӱԫȂӶѯᢋ‫ޠ‬ᐤԪߴഓ‫ލ‬ឋȂଷΚΟΝɒԒхၷసᖢϟ ѵȂഎដІಜʝᑀ‫୾ޠ‬ঢ়л᠍‫ލ‬ឋȃѯᢋ‫୾ޠ‬ር‫ࡢݳ‬ӵ՞๊ୱᚡȂӱԫȂߴഓၽ୞ηԚ ࣐ಜʝᑀ፤‫ޠލ‬ΚРଳӵ᏾Ȅ‫ݔ‬ҥ൳ᄈഓനѯ‫ލ‬ឋԥၐಡ‫ޠ‬ଇ፤ȂُЫ຀Ȃ Ȯഓനѯӗᔐ л᠍ᘫ឵ϟः‫ف‬ȯ ȞѯіȈϥࠓშਫϵѨȂ1999 Ԓ 9 Уȟ ȇ Ȯӕ፤ഓനѯӗᔐл᠍‫ލ‬ឋȯ Ȟѯ іȈϥࠓშਫϵѨȂ2002 Ԓ 12 УȟȄѫѵȂᜱܼߴഓၽ୞ᇅѯᢋ‫ޤ‬ᜌϸφ‫ޠ‬ញᒻȂ഍ख Ւ࢑஡‫ڐ‬ဋܼѿᖏࡧདྷ຃вᇅึ৥‫ޠ‬૖๝Ϝ‫ٿ‬ଇ፤ȂُЫ຀ȂȮΝɒԒхѯᢋѿᖏၽ୞ȯ ȞѯіȈ੖২Ᏹ೛я‫ަޏ‬Ȃ1999 Ԓ 1 УȟȄ ᒄߢ༖፤ȶ໲ᡞଅᏺȷਣࡿяȂȶ໲ᡞଅᏺȷ྆‫܉‬Ϝ‫ޠ‬ȶଅᏺȷȂ࢑ึ৥‫࡛ܗ‬ᄻ໲ᡞᇰӤ ਣ‫ٸܛ‬ᒧ‫ޠ‬ȶຬኊၦྜȷ ȇӶყᡞӕ౫ႇโϜȂຬኊၦྜ‫ܛ‬౱Ң‫ޠ‬ཏဏȂл्൝ᙔӶყᡞ ȶНϾ੬ੇ‫ܓ‬ȷ‫ޠ‬ጃҴȂᙥԫΚР८ึ৥Ԛস‫ޠ‬ϲഌᇰӤȂΚР८ᇅր‫ޠ‬ყᡞୣႥȄᒄ ߢ༖ȂȲҖఋлဏᇅѯᢋΚΟΝɒԒх‫ޠ‬ȶ໑ρНᏱȷȈΚঐНϾȞ໲ᡞȟଅᏺᡑ᎑‫ޠ‬௥ ଇȳȂȮѯᢋѭः‫ف‬ȯಒ 6 ‫ڣ‬ಒ 2 ෉Ȟ1999 Ԓ 12 УȟȂॳ 83-84Ȅпԫᢏᘉᢏ፞ 1970 Ԓх ߴഓߨԒϟਙңȶϥѳȷᇅȶϜ୾ȷ Ȃഎ࢑஡‫ڐ‬ຬኊϾȞ‫ڐܗ‬ᄃԟϑೞ‫ڐ‬у‫ޤ‬ᜌҢ౱ަထ ஡ϟຬኊϾΠȂуউѬ࢑නңՅϑȟȂңпጃᇰϲഌᇰӤІӪѵୣႥजСࡕ୾лဏȄ.

(8) 8! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ȶϜ୾ȷԫΚຬኊშឣȉԄ഍खՒ‫ّܛ‬Ȉ Ѭӱ࣐ᐤѭ‫ޠ‬ଅᏺȂϜ୾Κ‫࢑ޣ‬НϾ‫ޠ‬ҕᡞȄӱȶҖఋлဏȷՅึଘ‫ޠ‬ ߴഓၽ୞ȂҦܼϜӔѵһ‫ޠ‬࿾࿾ാւᇅ୾ҖឪᗡϾᇅ҉ᔇȂԥΠી֖‫ޠ‬ ၍មᇅ౪၍Ȅ 7 ᄈ౐‫୾ڨ‬Җឪឪ୾ఁ‫ي‬ኈ៫‫ޠ‬ѯᢋ‫ޤ‬ᜌϸφՅّȂ ȶϜ୾ȷ࢑НϾҕᡞȂ࢑ଅᏺ ᇅᇰӤ‫ޠ‬ҕྜȂՅȶϜ๽Җ୾ȷᇅȶϜ๽΢ҖӔ‫୾ڸ‬ȷࠍഎ࢑ңпඣᛳȃၜមȃ ၍ᇴȶϜ୾ȷ‫ޠ‬ȶఅ‫ٲ‬ᡞȷ ȄНϾҕᡞ࢑Ґ፵ᇅᆡઢȂఅ‫ٲ‬ᡞࠍ࢑‫ם‬ԓȃߓ౫ᇅ хّȄҔӱ࣐ȶϜ୾ȷ୉࣐НϾҕᡞȃ୉࣐ଅᏺᇅᇰӤ‫ޠ‬ҕྜȂ࢑‫ڎ‬ঐఅ‫ٲ‬ᡞ Ӕ‫ޠٵ‬лᚡཏᜌȂ‫ڎ‬ঐఅ‫ٲ‬ᡞηӤਣ‫ލ‬ഃᄈ೼ঐȶНϾҕᡞȷ‫ޠ‬ȶхߓ᠍ȷ Ȅ࿌ ਣ೩Ӽ‫ޤ‬ᜌߨԒӱᄈȶϜ๽Җ୾ȷ೼ঐȶఅ‫ٲ‬ᡞȷѷగȂᙾՅӪѫΚঐȶఅ‫ٲ‬ ᡞȷџ൷સНϾᇰӤȇӱԫȂߴഓЇࡕၽ୞ึ৥я‫ڎ‬఩ၰ৸ȇ‫ڐ‬Κ࢑ӲᘫϜӔ ަཽлဏડ୾ၽ୞ȇ‫ڐ‬Ρࠍ࢑ѯᢋ৭ϲѿᖏཏᜌ‫ם‬ᄙ‫ܛ‬໡я‫ޠ‬ං఩ᄃ፻ໍၰȄ ൸ࡤ޲ՅّȂ຀ಂܼѯᢋަཽ‫ޠ‬ȶ໑ρȷᇅȶ΢Җȷ‫܉྆ޠ‬௄ՅҢԚȇ഍खՒ ࡿяȈ ดՅ௄ߴഓၽ୞п‫ٿ‬Ȃᙥ຀ѵһ‫౏ؗ‬ȃᏱҢၽ୞Ȃ໡৥яංঐѿᖏཏᜌ ‫ם‬ᄙ‫ޠ‬ၭຬȈᏱҢၽ୞ᙾӪΠަཽ݉ଡ଼ၽ୞ȂҦҖఋлဏࢆକ‫ޠ‬Їࡕ୾ лဏཏᜌȂᄈ࢈᠍஽‫ޠܓښ‬Їय़ড়ཏᜌȂпІໍΤ‫ۼཽަژ‬ቺᢏᄇ‫ޠ‬ණ এȄ ȶ໑ρȷᇅȶ΢Җȷ‫ޠ‬ཏဏ྆‫܉‬ᙥҦȶҖఋȷᇅȶަཽȷπဵ‫ܝޠ‬ାȂ ኈ៫Π‫ڐ‬уഌߟ‫ޠ‬Җఋ‫ܓ‬ᇅަཽ‫ࡸޠܓ‬௩ϏձȂΚΟΝΡԒ‫ུޠ‬ၒ፤᏾ ҔഇᡘΠѿᖏཏᜌ‫ם‬ᄙӶ࢈‫ཽަݾ‬ၽ୞α‫ߣڨޠ‬ȂᙾӪΠНϾ៨᠍ϲഌ НᏱࡧՄၰጤ‫ލޠ‬ჵȄ 8 ᖃᡞᢏϟȂΚΟΝɒԒп‫ٿ‬ȂҦܼ୾ር‫׌‬༗ᇅѯᢋަཽစᔽ‫ޠ‬ᡑ᎑Ȃпߴഓၽ ୞࣐໡ᆓȂΚ‫״‬੖ѵѯᢋ੽ᏱҢ௹କȶӲᘫડ୾ȷዦዙȇѫΚР८Ȃ೩Ӽѯᢋ ‫ޤ‬ᜌߨԒȂ໡ۗᜱ‫ݨ‬৭ϲ‫ཽަݾ࢈ޠ‬ୱᚡȂၑშഇႇНϾၽ୞‫๋ޠ‬౲Ȃпѐᡘ 7 8. ഍खՒȂӤພ 5Ȃॳ 41Ȅ ഍खՒȂӤພ 5Ȃॳ 42Ȅ.

(9) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 9. ‫ٯ‬၍‫؛‬೼‫ٳ‬ୱᚡȂަཽ౫ᄃȃρӵᇅ΢Җȃ ȶ໑ρȷ๊ᇮມȂ྆‫܉‬ᗷϬᔫ࢐ዂጚȂ կϑ໡ۗೞτ໕ӵ‫ٻ‬ңȄ ѯᢋަཽ‫ޠ‬౫ᄃ೏ძ࢑ѣൕߨԒ຃ึȶѯᢋ໑ρȷཏᜌ‫ޠ‬२्࠷ᐡȄΚΟΝ ɒԒхп‫ٿ‬ȂၼϏᙾ࠯І࠳໑ࢻ୞ȂІ‫ܛڐ‬ആԚ‫ཽަޠ‬ᡑ᎑ᇅቌঅ‫װ‬ᡑȂȶ༉ಜ ‫ܓ‬ȷ឵‫ܓ‬ᇅȶ౫х‫ܓ‬ȷ឵‫ޠܓ‬ѽൾᎫᕞፑኢ 9 Ȃԫࣲ‫ڗ‬ᐮ຀‫ޤ‬ᜌߨԒ‫ޠ‬Սࣹȃᜱ ᛅᇅᄃ፻Ȅഇႇձঢ়ᇅձࠣȂ‫ש‬উηࣽ‫ژ‬ΚΟΝɒԒхѯᢋަཽȶུӵРདȷᇅ ȶུзхདȷ‫םޠ‬ᄻȃȶདញ๗ᄻȷ‫ޠ‬२ጢȂུЗຬშෂ‫ޠ‬໡৥Ȅձঢ়উ໡ۗӲ ຝՍϐ‫ޠ‬Ңࣁޫ໣ᇅԚߞစᡜȄӶѽൾ‫ޠ‬౫ᄃᎫᕞϜȂձঢ়Ԅե८ᄈෂᢏϑดዂ ጚ‫ޠ‬ѵӶзࣩȉԄեጃۢՍ‫ש‬ᇰӤᇅՍ‫ש‬ᄃ౫‫ޠ‬Ӫ࡚ᇅෳ৸ȉӶՍ‫ש‬ᇰӤᇅਣޫ ྆‫܉‬α‫֖ܛ‬౫‫ޠ‬ᆎᆎᆡઢᄻშ࣐եȉԄե೏౪ۡఁ߭ӊІဒʝߺ‫ޠ‬ୱᚡȉԄե ቸ࡚ࢌԥᇅུ࠯ᄙ‫ཽަޠ‬ᜱ߾ᆪ๝ȉԄե८ᄈ༉ಜ‫ٸ‬ᒧᡞ‫ޠق‬஬֯ȉӶ౫х‫ޠܓ‬ ਣޫဋඳϜȂ‫ڐ‬ϲЗ‫֥ܛ‬ច‫ޠ‬ᆡઢฑኍԄեȉԫࣲԚ࣐НᏱਫቹϜ‫ޠ‬२्፟ᚡȄ Ԅࠊ‫ܛ‬ख़ȂΚΟΝɒԒхп‫ٿ‬Ȃ ȶѯᢋȷഃᅛȶӶൠȷΠȇ࢈‫ݾ‬αഃᅛҐρ ϾȂϜ୾ʝѯᢋᐤѭଅᏺᇅНϾშ჌‫ޠ‬२ᄻȃӕᇨᇅ៞ᜍȇ౫х‫ܛܓ‬ആԚ‫ޠ‬ਣ ޫϸᚕȃਣʝޫຏޫϾȇུདញ๗ᄻᇅུЗຬშෂ‫ޠ‬ᄻԚ๊๊Ȃഎ࢑НᏱᜱ‫ݨ‬ ‫ޠ‬ឋᚡȄᄈΝɒԒх‫ޠ‬υձঢ়ՅّȂଷࠊख़ަཽȃစᔽȃНϾᡑᇽ‫ޠ‬౫ຬϟѵȂ ༉ಜЯ᠍НϾ‫ޠ‬ᚭ୞Ȃ‫ܓ‬րНϾࣻᜱ፟ᚡ‫ޠ‬ਜ਼ᡘ๊๊Ȃ‫؂‬Ѡ૗Ԛ࣐‫ڐ‬ᜱᛅฑᘉȄ ‫ש‬উѠпᇴȂԫਣ‫ޠ‬ѯᢋަཽȂ ȶϜ୾НϾȷ ȃ ȶѯᢋ໑ρȷ ȃ ȶ༉ಜ‫ܓ‬ȷ ȃ ȶ౫х‫ܓ‬ȷ ȃ ȶӶ౫х२ᄻ༉ಜȷ๊ፓᚖϰષȂһᓀࡺშȂӔᄻΚᆎȶུདញ๗ᄻȷ ȄႫᇍȅ ࡅ཈ලȞRaymond Williamsȟึ৥яȶདញ๗ᄻȷȞstructure of feelingȟ྆‫܉‬Ȃ ңпࡿ݃੬ۢᐤѭ௒ძϜΚಣձঢ়Іձঢ়‫ޠ‬ӔӤ੬ՔȂໍΚؐࡿя‫ڐ‬уަထ‫ޠ‬ ӔӤ੬Քȇࡅ཈ලࡿяȈ ΚР८ȂѻԥԄȶ๗ᄻȷ‫ܛ‬ᆏ‫ޠ‬ᛨ‫ڿ‬ᇅጃۢȂΚР८ࠔέӶ‫ש‬উ՘୞Ϝ ഷಡጞȃഷϛܿᄇញ‫ޠ‬ഌӌၽձȄ൸࢛ΚཏဏՅّȂདញ๗ᄻ֊࢑Κঐ. 9. ӶᅌϾԓѭᢏ‫ۼ‬ίȂȶ౫х‫ܓ‬ȷࢌࡿਗ਼Κᆎᓘᄙ‫ޠ‬ȶ឵‫ܓ‬ȷȂηࡿਗ਼Κᆎ୞ᄙ‫ޠ‬ȶᐤโȷȂ ౫хᇅ༉ಜ‫ޮޠ‬๗ᜱ߾Ȃϛ૗пᝓ݃‫ޠ‬Ρϸ‫ٿݳ‬౪၍Ȅ‫ܛ‬пखีලࡿяȂ ȶϭЉ‫ޠ‬зࣩ࢑ ΚঐȺࡤ༉ಜȻ Ȟpost-traditionalȟзࣩȂӱ࣐኶ϛఽ‫ޠ‬༉ಜȃ߭‫ڸ܉‬ಭߺࣻϤెӬȄȷӱ ԫȂҐНη๙ߩ஡ȶ౫х‫ܓ‬ȷᇅȶ༉ಜ‫ܓ‬ȷ౪၍࣐ΚಣᄈҴᇮѰȂՅ࢑Κঐ୥ྲᡞȄ.

(10) 10! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ਣх‫ޠ‬НϾȂ࢑ᐍᡞಣᙒ‫ܛ‬ԥ्ષӔӤҢࣁя‫ޠٿ‬๗‫ݏ‬Ȅ 10 ᙥҦԫΚ྆‫܉‬Ȃԛᆨ࿌ਣ‫ޠ‬ਣхनෂȂᢏᄇᒄᝌकΝɒԒх‫ޠ‬ձࠣȂѠпึ౫ ֊‫ٻ‬Ӫ‫ٿ‬ೞࠆпȶሦ‫ؿ‬ձঢ়ȷϟӫȂկ࢑Ȃᒄᝌक‫ޠ‬ձࠣϜ‫ޠ‬ȶзхདȷᇅȶད ញ๗ᄻȷȂጃᇅ࿌ਣ‫ޠ‬ਣхНϾसӬಓ࿾ȄΚΟΝΝԒߒȂᒄᝌक‫ޠ‬Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯ ӶȮᖓӬൣȯ୚ёഀၸΚԒࡤя‫ޏ‬ȂԫਣР࿌ѯᢋӶ୾ርαफ़᎐ਚ‫׸‬ȂЇࡕ୾ лဏᖑ੐௹କȂҖఋлဏࡧ௚ჃᅜȂࣻᄈܼ՚Р‫ޠ‬ȃпϜ୾НϾ࣐ஆ‫ޠۼ‬НϾ ആ࠯ၽ୞ࠐด໡৥ȂࠊԫӶ୾Җឪឪ୾ఁϾၜម‫ق‬ಜߞ෉ᐈ௢ϟίᗵٙϛُ‫ޠ‬ ȶѯᢋȷяൠΠȂ ȶѯᢋ໑ρȷ ȃ ȶѯᢋ౫ᄃȷ ȃ ȶѯᢋᐤѭȷԚ࣐‫ޤ‬ᜌϸφᜱ‫ݨ‬ᇅ ᛅདྷ‫ུޠ‬ᄈຬȄࠊНख़ІȂ ȶѯᢋ໑ρȷഷߒ࢑୉࣐ȶϜ୾໑ρȷ‫෈ޠ‬ٙȂՅя ౫ӶНϾఅ‫ٲ‬ϜȂӶᒄᝌकпѯᢋ໑ρ࣐नෂ‫ޠ‬υ‫ܓ‬Ң‫ٲࢉڽ‬ϜȂϜ୾НϾಓ ဵጃดఽྀයҁ‫ڐ‬໣ȂӲ៬࿌ਣ‫ޠ‬ᐤѭ௒ძȂᒄᝌक‫ޠ‬ȶӶѯᢋ‫ޠ‬Ϝ୾໑ρȷ შෂȂՍԥ‫ڐ‬౫ᄃ૖๝Ѡ൷ȄஆܼԫȂҐНпᒄᝌकΝɒԒх‫ޠ‬ձ࣐ࠣлᡞȂ єࢃΚΟΝϥԒя‫ޠޏ‬Ϝ฼጖ϊᇴ໲Ȯտߝᆖȯ ȃΚΟΝΝԒя‫ߞޠޏ‬጖ϊᇴȮਵ ߇ࡔȯȂпІቹܼΚΟΝΥȃΝΟԒ‫ߞޠ‬጖ϊᇴȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯ11Ȃ௥‫ڐف‬ ձࠣϜ‫ޠ‬ᖆፓ‫ޠ‬ȶ໑ρᇮძȷȂпІ‫ڐ‬໣ѯᢋȃϜ୾ಓጇી֖ᓀဋ‫ޠ‬౫ຬȄ. ʷȮ㌽ࢰŌ㓈᮪ǖǖȳҽ⸉ᾦȴʑ᱿ⵯ߭⦝ࣀ ᒄᝌकΚΟϥɒԒяҢܼპဏҁೢȂձࠣ੏љഎԥࢉ໑ҁೢᇅࠓѯᢋ‫ޠ‬ρ ӵٙኈȂԄȮਵ߇ࡔȯϜ‫ڎޠ‬఩ȶਵ߇ࡔȷ˕˕іߟᔐ‫ޠ‬ਵ߇ࡔᇅ‫ݔ‬Ұ෬‫ޠ‬ਵ ߇ࡔȇȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯϜӵ౪ޫ໣ཏຬᘁ݃‫ޠ‬პဏҁೢȇȮҪЬ෺ࢍჳȯϜ ‫ޠ‬ᐤѭଅᏺშෂఽ඿‫ޠ‬პဏҁೢȄ‫ٲ‬ᄃαȂՍΚΟΝѳԒึߓܼȮᖓӬൣȯ‫ޠ‬ ฼጖ϊᇴȲ༄‫ے‬ȳп‫ٿ‬Ȃᛅ໑ȃᛅᙠ֊Ԛ࣐ᒄᝌकձࠣϜ२्НᏱᇮძȂ੖ᜟȃ ෬ᢋȃΥජྪȃന༵ȃᢅҥȃൡ๊ۭޫ໣ཏຬᘁ݃ᙵࣵȄӶȲ༄‫ے‬ȳϜȂυл. 10. 11. ᗃ୾໱Ȃ ȮНϾ‫ڦ‬Ӫ‫ޠ‬༉ክः‫˕˕ف‬Ⴋᇍȅࡅ཈ලȞRaymond Williamsȟ፤ᘉϟ௥ଇȯ Ȟ୾ Ҵ࢈‫ݾ‬τᏱུᆹः‫ܛف‬ᆉς፤НȂ1984 Ԓ 6 УȟȂॳ 55Ȅ ȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯᕖ 1980 ԒȶᖓӬൣߞ጖ϊᇴዪȷ Ȃ஠ਫя‫ ܼޏ‬1981 ԒȄՅᐄߢ౿ࡿ яȂᒄᝌक‫ޠ‬Кጉ࢑‫׈‬Ԛܼ 1978ȃ1979 Ԓ໣Ȅُߢ౿ȂȲ҉ᅍΚൠȂฅٙ࢑‫˕˕ݬ‬ᒄᝌ कȳȂԞܼᒄᝌक຀ȂȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯȞѯіȈᖓစя‫ޏ‬ϵѨȂ1981 Ԓ 6 Уߒ‫ޏ‬ȟȄ.

(11) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 11. ِ෢෢яҢࠓഌ෬ᢋȂԃЗϜΚ‫ޣ‬෗՟຀ࢉ໑‫ޠ‬ٙኈȂᇰ࣐ȶՍϐঢ়໑‫ޠ‬੖࢑ ‫ء‬ӱ‫ء‬Ҧ‫ޠ‬Ԃȷ 12Ȅ Յᒄᝌकॷ࡚๗໲я‫ޠޏ‬ϊᇴ໲Ȯտߝᆖȯ Ȃє֥Ȳտߝᆖȳ ȃ ȲЗϣȳ ȃ Ȳፇ ॵ‫ٿ‬ȳ ȃ Ȳ٦Κ۠ᘦᘣ༂ȳ๊ѳ጖ϊᇴȂ‫ڐ‬ϜȂ Ȳտߝᆖȳп՞ܼΥජྪࢻ஀‫ࠓޠ‬ ഌചঢ়࣐л्ޫ໣ᇇѯȂпτঢ়ఋ‫ࡆޠ‬ᒒᜱ߾ȂᘘІѯࠓȃპဏȃі෬ȃОϳ ๊ѯᢋࠓഌ໑ᚋȂࠓѯᢋ‫ޫޠ‬໣ᇮძᘁ݃Ȅ ȲЗϣȳϜυлِᄈࢉ໑პဏҁೢ‫ޠ‬ ᇰӤᇅᠿුȇ Ȳ٦Κ۠ᘦᘣ༂ȳϜȂࢉ‫ޫޠٲ‬໣ᇇѯᗷ࢑ѯᢋϜഌ‫ݎ‬༗ύ࠳Ȃկ лख़޲ȶ‫ש‬ȷࠍ‫ٿ‬ՍΥජྪȇ Ȳፇॵ‫ٿ‬ȳϜȂлख़޲ȶ‫ש‬ȷ‫ࢉޠ‬໑࢑ന༵ᇅᢅҥȄ ҦԫѠُȂᒄᝌकԟ෉ϊᇴ‫ޫޠ‬໣ᇇѯȂංоഎᇅࠓѯᢋȃҁೢԥᜱȂࢉ ໑ᇮძᘁ݃ȂՅϊᇴِՔᄈࢉ໑‫ޠ‬ནᠿηഎ៛ดિαȄ‫ٲ‬ᄃαȂ ȶ໑ρȷ‫ߩٯ‬ᒄ ᝌक‫ޠ‬అ‫ٲ‬лᡞȂณ፤࢑Ȳտߝᆖȳ ȃ ȲЗϣȳ ȃ Ȳፇॵ‫ٿ‬ȳ ȃ Ȳ٦Κ۠ᘦᘣ༂ȳ Ȃ‫ܗ‬ ޲Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯ ȃ ȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯ Ȃᒄᝌकϊᇴ‫ޠ‬ஆ።എпቹ௒࣐лȂ੬ր࢑‫ع‬ υ௒ནȂՎܼࢉ໑ॴρȂࠍ࢑୉࣐ϊᇴҁෂՅԇӶȇดՅȂ୉࣐ࢉ‫ޫٲ‬໣ᇇѯ ‫ޠ‬ષᐕྤឡ‫ࢉޠ‬໑Ȃࠔ࢑ϊᇴ΢‫ޑ‬ٙᡞᇅᆡઢ‫ޠ‬ᘫ஝Ȃ௄Յᙒ൸ԃϊᇴϜఽ඿ ᙵࣵ‫ޠ‬ȶ໑ρᇮძȷȄ ‫ܛ‬ᒞȶ໑ρȷ Ȃ์޲ᇰ࣐ԥ຀ංঐቺԪ‫ڏޠ‬ᡞࡿਗ਼ІຬኊཏోȈՍดύώॴ ρȃަୣ՘࢈ୣ஀ȃᄃርҢࣁ‫ޠ‬ஆӵȃяҢ‫ޠ‬ρӵȃད௒‫ٸ‬ᘫ‫ޠ‬ρӵȃҢ‫ޠڽ‬ ᘫ຀ᘉȃ໲ᡞНϾ‫ޠ‬ຬኊρӵȇࠊѳ޲࢑ӵ౪‫ޠܓ‬Ȃࡤή޲ࠍ݈๽࣐ᆡઢ໑ρȄ ՅȶᄃርҢࣁ‫ޠ‬ஆӵȷᇅȶяҢ‫ޠ‬ρӵȷ ȂΞ࢑ӵ౪‫ܓ‬ᇅᆡઢ‫ܓ‬ȶ໑ρȷϟ໣‫ޠ‬ ೾ᖓȃһਗ਼ȃϤНȃӔᄻ‫ޠ‬൭ϮȄҼ֊Ȃ ȶρӵᇰӤȷ ȃ ȶ໑ρཏᜌȷ‫ߩٯ‬Ӓᡜ‫ޠ‬Ȃ Յ࢑ᐤѭ՘࣐лᡞӶᐤѭ՘୞ϜᏘ༮ȃ࡛ᄻя‫ޠٿ‬Ȃ՘࣐޲ҦܼяҢӵȞԄࡋ ఋԥȶबՙၭȷϟᇴ˕˕৅ίबՙϟӵ֊࢑ȶ঩໑ȷȟȂ‫޲ܗ‬ҦܼᄃርҢࣁစᡜ ৵ဤܼ੬ۢਣޫ৵ዀȂӱՅഃᅛ‫ם‬ᄻяՍ٘‫ޠ‬ᆡઢ໑ρშ჌Ȅ์޲ҐН‫ܛ‬ᒞȶ໑ ρᇮძȷȂ֊࢑ԛᆨࠊख़ၷቷᗰཏဏࣩۢȂࡿਗ਼ձࠣϜ‫ޠ‬ȶ໑ρȷඣᛳȄ ȶ໑ρȷ‫ڿ‬ด࢑Κঐޫ໣‫܉྆ܓ‬ȂկԄࠊ‫ܛ‬ख़ȂԫΚޫ໣ཏᜌ‫םޠ‬ᄻȂள ᇅȶᐤѭଅᏺȷԥᜱȇ΢উᄈ࢛ঐޫ໣‫ޠ‬ᇰӤཏᜌȂᇅуӶԫޫ໣‫ޠ‬Ңࣁଅᏺ. 12. ᒄᝌकȂȲ༄‫ے‬ȳȂȮᖓӬൣȯ୚ёȞ1974 Ԓ 4 У 16 СȟȄ.

(12) 12! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ԥᜱȄᒄᝌकϜ጖ϊᇴȲտߝᆖȳϜ‫ޠ‬ȶ໑ρᇮძȷ Ȃ֊࢑Ҧࠕ२ᆮߞ‫ޠ‬ȶਣ໣ དȷᕋആՅԚȄϊᇴϜȂചঢ়Ճপ֊‫ܜ‬ၸ຀ࠕ२ᐤѭȈ ȶചঢ়‫ࠊޠ‬পȂ࢑Сᐄਣ хᓎ೏Ѡُ‫ޠ‬ΡቺዃȂࡤଲࠍߴԇзх੽ί‫ޠ‬ᙠԓ՟۩Ȅȷ 13 ฼฼ΚѰၘȂ֊ ‫ڔ‬დяചঢ়‫ܛ޿ܙ‬ᗵ֥‫ޠ‬२ቺਣ໣‫۠ఽ˕˕ܓ‬п‫ޠٿ‬ᙠԓ՟۩ȂпІС‫ݾ‬ਣ෉ ‫ޠ‬౫хԓ՟۩Ȃ‫ڎ‬ᆎਣ໣‫ٯܓ‬ԇȂпϛӤ‫࡛ޠ‬ᑟ‫ם‬ԓᇅਣ໣ՔᐪȂบԄਫॳΚ ૢȂພቹΠࢉ໑ᙵស‫ޠ‬ᐤѭଅᏺȄࠕ२‫ޠ‬ਣ໣ད࢑Ȳտߝᆖȳ‫ޠ‬੬፵Ȃഀࡑ᛭ί ‫ޠ‬Κ଺क቞ᆧ᢬ᝇȂηฅٙഎ࢑ਣ໣དȈȶӱ࣐࢑ՃЋྼਣ໡ۗᎵ‫ޠ‬ȂΚ஼Ճᖜ ԟዺΠȂ჌єΠᓦࡤᄨକ‫ޠ‬ᓥ໽ҫᜟȄ٦Κτ‫ױ‬ԒखΠȂϬดષ‫ܓ‬ϛ‫׾‬ȌȌȷ14Ȅ ԫᆎࠕ२ᆮߞ‫ޠ‬ਣ໣དȂࢌᡞ౫ӶҢࣁޫ໣ȃԚߞစᡜϜȂ‫؂‬ᡞ౫ܼυ‫ܓ‬ᐤѭ ଅᏺȂഇႇυ‫ܓ‬ຯٙңࠣ‫ޠ‬зх༉ሏȂຬኊυ‫ܓ‬Ң‫ڽ‬စᡜᇅҢࣁଅᏺ‫ޠ‬༉៊Ȉ ඉདྷକϊਣ঑Ȃԃડҕ௄‫ܙ‬ϲΚঐঐ‫ޠ‬ጒ᠗၈ȂᄦસяΚѬ੪ᅙФ౾‫ٿ‬ ๞ԃȂαᇑ࢑ඣߝᜟ‫ޠ‬Ԩक‫݃ڸ‬༂Ք‫ޠ‬ಡ‫߇ݓ‬ᑽȌȌ ЋྋഗΠಂഎ‫ޤ‬ၿ၈ᜟ၇ΠϨቅȂයΠ‫ޠ‬कဆ߇ᛟ૖Ȃ࢑஍ԃτགਣȂ ԃҕᒒᔝ‫ޠ‬ȇખ཭‫ޠ‬ᅵ࿉༬੶෇࢑ડҕ‫੶܉ޠ‬ȇ‫׸‬Π‫ޠ‬љМ੶߇‫ڸ‬ΚѬ ࣥ࿇Ꮒַηഎ࢑ԃҕᒒңႇ‫ޠ‬ȇѫѵΚӈԃડҕґя༻ࠊȂຯٙң‫ىޠ‬ ୖȂα८ᙖ຀ᓇՔ߇ԩȇΚᗼᚙҕ੶࢑ԃϊᏱਣΚ‫ژ੽ޣ‬౫Ӷ‫ޠ‬ȌȌ 15 ȶ‫ޑ‬ӈȷ࢑ଅᏺ‫ޠ‬ၸᡞȂ೼‫ٳ‬ᙠΠȃයΠȃ‫׸‬Πȃખ཭Π‫ޠ‬υ‫ܓ‬ຯٙ‫ޑ‬ӈȂ‫ܜ‬ ၸ຀ࠕ२‫ޠ‬ਣ໣‫ܓ‬Ȃ‫؂‬ᇌᑗ຀ϛӤзхυ‫ޠܓ‬Ңࣁ੊‫ڸک‬Ң‫ڽ‬ᡞྤȂυ‫ܓ‬ᐤѭ ଅᏺᘁ݃ѠُȄ ޫ໣‫ܓ‬ᇅᐤѭད࢑ᄻᙒϊᇴȶ໑ρᇮძȷ‫ޠ‬२्ϰષȂᒄᝌक‫ޠ‬ϊᇴҼดȄ ฼጖ϊᇴȲፇॵ‫ٿ‬ȳпᑀҪ‫ޠ‬అ‫ٲ‬ᡞȂ᎝ചΚࠍήِᠿནࢉ‫ٲ‬ȂՅлख़޲ȶ‫ש‬ȷ ‫ޠ‬΢ੀ੬፵ࢌѠ௄ԃ‫ޠ‬ན௒ᢏ௥‫ޤ‬ȂηѠ௄ԃ‫ޠ‬ᛅᙠᇅᠿ໑ϟ௒ூُȈ ቋ฾‫ޠ‬ᗚ࢑‫ޠש‬உܶȂ‫ש‬ณ‫ݳ‬၍ម‫ש‬՗ష၈‫ޠ‬঩ષȂ‫ש‬Џ‫ڐ‬ᐴ੩ዦན‫ש‬ ࢉ໑‫ؑޠ‬ω‫ݬ‬ρȂ౳౳ന༵‫ڸ‬ᢅҥȂ٦‫ڌ‬ᐕ፵ூၮՃѹѹউΚኻѡՃ‫ޠ‬ 13 14 15. ᒄᝌकȂȲտߝᆖȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮտߝᆖȯȞѯіȈࣳࠆя‫ަޏ‬Ȃ1975 Ԓ 3 УȟȂॳ 80Ȅ ᒄᝌकȂȲտߝᆖȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮտߝᆖȯȂॳ 80Ȅ ᒄᝌकȂȲտߝᆖȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮտߝᆖȯȂॳ 133Ȅ.

(13) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 13. ॴ௒Ȃ٦໣ᐄᇴԥΡԼԒ‫ޠ‬Ҫ࣠࿃ҰऄԚ‫ޠ‬ҰࡑȂഎ‫שٻ‬ԥ᐀ܳ༉ಜ‫ޠ‬ ௒དȂུᙠһ෈Ȃ‫ש‬ᗚ࢑ᒶᐆѡՃȌȌȄ 16 ࣻၷܼȲፇॵ‫ٿ‬ȳϜޫ໣‫ܓ‬ᇅਣ໣དᆨஞԛӬ‫ޠ‬ȶѡՃॴ௒ȷ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძȂ ȲЗ ϣȳ‫ޫޠ‬໣ད‫؂‬ᘁ݃Ȃӵ౪ෂᢏᇅࢉ໑௒ᛅ‫ޠ‬ਫቹ‫ڏ؂‬ᡞѠདȄᄈυлِሧࡀ ՅّȂࢉ໑࢑ᑀΚณΡ‫ޠ‬Ȉ ȶЉ‫ۼ‬ί‫ޠ‬੖ᢋȃ‫ݭ‬ώ၏ԥӼЎ୮ȉȊկЩକ‫ٿ‬ȂΚ ۢ኶‫ש‬উҁೢ෬ഷԂȄȷ 17 ҁೢϟ‫ܛ‬пԂȂӱ࣐٦࢑ሧࡀ‫ޠ‬Ԛߞޫ໣Ȃ൴஛຀ ᙵ൳‫ޠ‬ҢࣁଅᏺȈ эЉ‫ޠ‬ਣ঑Ȃԃၮ࿆߂ߢ࠿џਧୂ‫ޠ‬ന༵౳αᏱՍ՘ٚȄനϑЖӶྤཹ ‫ޠ‬૪‫ܙ‬౪ȂρӵӓਧூᓺບȂ჌ႇ࿾ਣȂᇒႇΠᓟέ‫ء‬ӭ‫ޠ׈‬कᓺ⨱Ȅ ፿Ӷα८ȂԥΚᆎ౵ኻ‫ޠ‬དញȂӕܺಂࣽѳ‫ڻ‬ӼቅޫᛊȂ଼α჌থೞܺ К‫ڋޠ‬φȂึᅼծ‫ޠ‬ᙉແକ‫ٿ‬Ȅ ሧࡀᗚၮ຀џᢅҥȂ्ӒစႇΚࢳಡಡ‫ޠ‬ൡۭȂпࠊؑঐ៉ရ‫ޠ‬υ΢๞ ΰЊଛ໼౾ਣȂഎூٗ೼ΚࢳၰȂϛ‫ࡪޤ‬ኻ‫ݳٗޠ‬ȉ ȌȌЬࢻႇ២ႣᘭίȂٗሊΠȂ٦ᖑॲϬดԂ៫Ȅ‫ܭ‬ႇഭೢᢅൠȂ൸࢑խӵ ࡟ኅ‫ޠ‬ϳୣᢅҥȂᛆᛆᙾ຀‫ॴޠ‬ٚȂ࢑‫ء‬ᆄ஋ೞѪᒻȂྤϛӲџ‫ޠ‬ჳȌȌȄ Κ৵৵ஃூύା‫ޠ‬ᢅȂߗࠊᒲᇰȂ঩Ґె຀ؔρȂѬ࢑ሊࣽᗚ࢑ҪՔȄ ߢ࠿༽ԃ΢ϊȂ஋ϛ‫ژ‬Ьٚ‫׮‬ཧȂࠤԃֳӶ૪ቶ၈ȄԃѠпࣺΚႴዾᆄȄ থᒻႇ‫ٿ‬ȂಒΚঐُࣽ‫ޠ‬Ȃ࢑፿Ьٚߢ࠿‫ޠ‬नኈȄৰϛӼ༂݅ΠȂٖߝ ె຀क໵Ȃԥਣ࢑᝙ᙣȃసߨ‫ޠ‬ЉޫȂୌ᠝຀ං์༂ᚠՔȌȌ 18 ೼‫ٳ‬Ңࣁଅᏺ‫ޠ‬ඣᛳȂᄕᡘяఽ඿Ң୞‫ޠ‬དۣଅᏺᄃෂȂԥᚠՔȃᖑॲȃ੊‫ک‬Ȃ ٦࢑ңಂ࿙ᢏࣽႇȃңՇԩ་᠚ႇȃңቆφ༧ᆹႇȃңᚗရ፿፾ႇ‫ޠ‬ҢࣁᄃདȄ ᄈτ΢ՅّȂࢉ໑࢑ഽ୞Ңࣁ‫ޠ‬ൠ஀Ȃᄈ‫ٿ่ڌ‬ᇴȂ ȶࢉ໑ȷࠍ࢑Κঐၾᔜ౫ൠȃ Κঐഷߒ‫ޠ‬зࣩȄଷΠҢࣁᄃདϟѵȂӵ౪໑ρᇅᐤѭ΢Н‫ޠ‬ӔᄻȂ‫ٻ‬ȲЗϣȳ Ϝ‫ޠ‬ȶ໑ρᇮძȷ‫ڔ౐ם؂‬ȂՅߩ༊Цܼຏᔤ‫ޠ‬঩໑དྷ჌Ȉ 16 17 18. ᒄᝌकȂȲፇॵ‫ٿ‬ȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮտߝᆖȯȂॳ 209Ȅ ᒄᝌकȂȲЗϣȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮտߝᆖȯȂॳ 137Ȅ ᒄᝌकȂȲЗϣȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮտߝᆖȯȂॳ 147-148Ȅ.

(14) 14! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ࠓѯᢋ‫ޠ‬వᐕȂࠓѯᢋ‫ޠ‬෬ۭȂҁೢ෬‫ޠ‬໵ྮȂήؐ‫ڎ‬ঢ়ᙩᓟ՘ȂȌȌ ᆌ࡛‫಼ޠٿ‬Ȃ෬πԼ٩೏‫ޠ‬٪ॴ‫ݔ‬Ȃጇᓟα‫ޠ‬ᐸ༲Ȃ಼Ճᗴউᔡ‫ٿ‬ᔡџ ‫߇ࣽޠ‬઴ȃೳՔȂ्‫ױ‬ᄈРᔡί੖ծ‫ޠ‬ȌȌ 19 ณ፤࢑ᄃԇȃᄃད‫ޠ‬ӵ౪ॴρȂ‫࢑ܗ‬໑Җ༉ख़Ϝ‫ޠ‬ᐤѭ΢НȂᄈሧࡀՅّȂഎ ‫ٻ‬ԃ‫ޠ‬ӵ౪‫ܓ‬໑ρᇰ‫ޤ‬ණ݈Ԛᆡઢ‫ޠܓ‬঩໑ཏᜌȂ֊‫ٻ‬ᚕ໡ࢉ໑Ȃկ࢑ȶᖢ኷ ‫ޠ‬ന༵ෂՔȌȌಡಡ‫ޠ‬ᚿൡۭᜟȌȌॴ֛ؔٗ‫ޠ‬ϊၿȌȌയఐਣȂΚ଺଺Ӳ‫ٿ‬ ‫ޠ‬ന಼ȌȌጿঢ়՚ଲφెକ‫ॸ߇ޠٿ‬ȌȌпࡤഎཽӶሧࡀ‫ޠ‬ჳ၈२౫ȷ 20 ȂԚ ࣐ԃЗϜҘࡰ‫ޠ‬შෂȄ ΚΟΝϥԒя‫ޠޏ‬Ȯտߝᆖȯ Ȃпࠓѯᢋ࣐лᡞ‫ޫޠ‬໣ᇮძᘁ݃Ȃ੖ᜟȃ෬ ᢋȃΥජྪȃന༵ȃᢅҥȃൡ๊ۭޫ໣ཏຬᙵࣵȄӵ౪ѯᢋȂ੬ր࢑ࠓѯᢋ‫ޠ‬ ޫ໣ᇮძȂ‫ڿ‬ด࢑ᒄᝌकϊᇴ‫ޠ‬२्੬፵ȂѫΚР८ȂНϾϜ୾‫ޠ‬შ჌ηһᙒ ‫ڐ‬໣Ȃᇅӵ౪ѯᢋ‫ޫޠ‬໣ཏຬȃҢࣁᄃདӔᄻȂԫᆎᖆፓ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძȂηӤਣ Ԛ࣐Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯᇅȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯ‫ڎ‬ഌձࠣ‫ޠ‬ஆ።Ȅᒄᝌक෇ՍّቹձȮਵ ߇ࡔȯ‫ޠ‬୞ᐡȂ௄ϜѠ‫ޤ‬ȂНϾϜ୾‫ࡧޠ‬௚ᇅᛅᙠϟ௒ȂҔ࢑‫ם‬ᄻȮਵ߇ࡔȯ ‫ޠ‬ஆዻȈ Κঐད‫ڨ‬ఄᎡȂՍ‫ښ‬Ωέ஽‫ޠ‬΢ȂӶུዙࢻፑᔟίȂ‫ף‬ϛ՟ᄈ௄ࠊᙠН Ͼᆎᆎ‫ޠ‬ᛅ‫܉‬Ȃܼ࢑ԃԥ೼ቅӼ‫्ၘޠ‬ᇴȂ٦‫ٳ‬ਫϜ΢‫ޑ‬Ȃ߰Ӷ೼ኻ‫ޠ‬ ௒‫ݸ‬ίȂΚΚೞ௦Ңя‫ٿ‬Ȃџᅌᡑ΢зϛӤ᎐ႅ၈‫ޠ‬өՍҢࣻȄ ȌȌ ‫ٲ‬ᄃαȂᅖНϾᅟᅟϥξԒ‫ྒޠ‬ȃУȃӏȃജ၈Ȃϛ‫ޤ‬ҢҢࣁႇӼЎ೼ ᜹Ϝ୾υφȇԃউ‫ܗ‬ሊ‫ߗܗ‬Ȃ࢑‫ש‬উ՗ጣα‫ޠ‬ᒒ΢ȂȌȌ ᗷดԃѬ࢑‫ש‬ਫ၈‫ޠ‬΢ȂᗷดӶС΢߮ѯȂ٦ࢳ୾ϫঢ়࡮‫ޠ‬τਣх၈Ȃ пΚঐҖ໣৶፵υφ‫ޠ‬ऩཕ༅࡮Ȃᄃᜳхߓ‫ވ‬༂φ৙‫ޠ‬࿳Κ௒ᛅȂ౴ഥȂ ԃউӤ࢑ៜٙӶΚঐᖑ੊ඎֶȂ՗Քᘁ݃‫ޠ‬Ԓх୮Ȋ 21. 19 20 21. ᒄᝌकȂȲЗϣȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮտߝᆖȯȂॳ 143Ȅ ᒄᝌकȂȲЗϣȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮտߝᆖȯȂॳ 202Ȅ ᒄᝌकȂȲতक࢑‫˕˕ש‬Ȯਵ߇ࡔࡤଅȯȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮਵ߇ࡔȯȞѯіȈᖓစя‫ޏ‬ϵѨȂ.

(15) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 15. ೼‫ၘٳ‬ᇮȂᇅΚΟΝɒԒхߒ෉ߴഓၽ୞‫ޠ‬Ϝ୾НϾདྷ჌ӤᖑӔ።ȄΚΟΝΚ ԒȂ ȶѯτߴഓཽȷ‫ޠ‬ȶ֚ӓ୾Ӥबਫȷ ȂϲϜԥّȈ ȶ‫ש‬উ҇໹‫ף‬຀ౌ‫ܛױ‬ԥ‫ޠ‬ ߮౲޲ᔟంȂӏඉτഛȂ२ᐍύ‫ݭ‬ȂϘ࢑‫ש‬উষಋ༂ങ‫ޠ‬ਣ঑ȊȌȌ࣐‫ވ‬༂φ ৙‫ލ‬ᄹӫȊ࣐зࣩ࿳୾ԇҔဏȊȌȌȷ22ҦԫѠُȂȮਵ߇ࡔȯጃด࢑ӶΝɒԒ х‫ޠ‬ᐤѭ௒ძϜ౱‫ޑ‬Ȃ֊‫࢑ٻ‬Κࠍན௒ࢉ‫ٲ‬Ȃᇅȶ֚ӓ୾Ӥबਫȷ‫ޠ‬ᖑ੊ඎֶ ᗷดᇮདԥ౵Ȃկࠔ֥ច຀ࣻӤ‫ࡧޠ‬௚ஆ‫ۼ‬Ȅ ᒄᝌकҴཏਫቹυ‫ܓ‬Ң‫ٲࢉڽ‬Ȃ‫ߩٯ‬ஆܼᄈ༉ಜ‫ܓ‬րНϾ‫״ޠ‬ցᇅЇࡧȇ ࡭࡭ࣻЇȂԃ࢑्ᙥҦυ‫ܓ‬Ң‫ٲࢉڽ‬ȂᢏདྷϜ୾НϾȂፓᇨདྷ჌Ϝ‫ޠ‬Ϝ୾НϾ ಓጇȂӕ౫НϾϜ୾ᙅ዆Աύ‫ޠ‬შෂȂпԥրܼ՚РНϾȄԫᆎਫቹ୞ᐡȂӶ ΚΟΥɒԒᕖூᖓӬൣߞ጖ϊᇴዪ‫ޠ‬ȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯϜ‫ఽ؂‬඿ѠُȄԃ෇ ߓұՍϐϟ‫ܛ‬пቹȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯ Ȃ࢑Ҧܼԃ‫ޠ‬ડҕᇅȮकዃჳȯϜව໴‫ޠ‬ Ңࣁහኌԥ٦ቅᘉઢծȂᡲԃࡧІϜ୾δߺυ‫࢛ޠܓ‬ᆎആ࠯Ȉ ව໴ࢌϛѠ૗ኈ៫ડҕȂડҕ‫؂‬ϛѠ૗ኈ៫ව໴Ȃԃউ‫ࣻޠ‬Ӥ೏ȂѬӶ ܼԃউഎ࣐ٙϜ୾υφȇ࢑δ࣐Ϝ୾υφȂϛ፤ҖυȃۣஐȂഎ᠝Ӷࣻ Ӥ‫ޠ‬ҁᄎȃनෂ၈Ȃഎስ‫ڨ‬ϥξԒྒУ‫ޠ‬ӏᇅኈһᙒՅя‫ޠ‬Җߺȃॴ௒Ȃ ‫ڸ‬Κӌௌሊณ४‫ޠ‬ҢࣁᡞᡜȄ Ϝ୾࢑ԥȶ௒ȷძ‫ޠ‬ҖఋȂ೼௒ԆȂُܼȶᄞཝ௒΢ሊࣻ೥ȷ Ȟ೼௒೼ኻ τȃ࢑ႥҢႥзȂഎᗚ‫׳‬຀џȊȟُ፞Ӓᎇȃࠊ΢Ȃ՘‫ٲ‬୉΢‫ޠ‬ᘉᅏȄ ϛ፤зዙԄեȂ΢উծоӶ‫׳‬ӲՍϐᆡઢ‫ྜޠ‬ᓟᇅя೏ࡤȂϘ૗઎Ҕ‫ץ‬ ࣁȇ‫ש‬ϭᙐ౲ଅί೼‫ٳ‬Ȃ࣐ΠЗ၈ི२Ȃη࣐‫ޠ‬ᠯ༈‫ڸ‬ད୞Ȅ 23 ᒄᝌकᙥҦਫቹѯᢋυ‫ܓ‬ȂᅌᛱϜ୾НϾ‫ޠ‬ȶ௒౪ҔՔȷ Ȃ‫ٻ‬ȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯ ‫ژڨ‬࿌ਣຠቸউ‫ޠ‬௱஥Ȃߒ௄ȶ໑ρНᏱ፤᏾ȷൠ஀Ϝ‫ڤ‬ίսҧϛε‫ޠ‬ඈᅉȂ ֊౿ᢛѻȶߓ౫ΠϜ๽Җఋ‫ޠ‬ቷ৾ࠕ२ȷ 24 ȄᒄᝌकᄈϜ୾НϾ‫ۼ‬ί‫ޠ‬υ‫םܓ‬. 22. 23 24. 1987 Ԓ 9 Уಒ 27 Ӡ՘ȟȂॳ 510-511ȄȞߒ‫ ܼޏ‬1977 ԒϰУȟ ࢺή໱ȂȮ౜Э؈ᚶ࠳ȈΝɒԒхѯτᏱҢၽ୞ȯȞѯіȈՍҴఐൣަȂ1993 ԒȟȄ೼ӌ ༉൑࢑Ҧ࿌ਣ‫ޠ‬ѯτলः‫ܛ‬ः‫ف‬Ңеᐏ‫ܛݱ‬କ૪Ȃॳ 13Ȅ ᒄᝌकȂȲҔՔᇅ઎༉˕˕ࡤଅȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯȂॳ 377-379Ȅ ȲᖓӬൣϳΟԒ࡚Ϝȃߞ጖ϊᇴዪᖃຠཽឋखᄃȳȂԞܼᒄᝌकȂȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯ‫ڣ‬.

(16) 16! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ຬȃҢࣁစᡜϟᇰ‫ޤ‬ᇅདྷ჌Ȃ࢑ഇႇȮकዃჳȯՅ‫ٿ‬ȂȮकዃჳȯϜ‫ޠ‬ԼυშȂ ࢑Н΢కഢ߆ഇႇՍٙҢࣁစᡜ‫ܛ‬ዂ‫ڔ‬я‫ٿ‬ȂՅᒄᝌक൸Ӷ೼ኻ‫ޠ‬НϾᙦഞᇅ НϾདྷ჌ϜȂᄻᙒяȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯϜ‫॒ޠ‬ᢏȂޫ໣ᇇѯࠍ࢑პဏᑫҁೢ ᚋȄԥཏࡧ‫࢑ޠ‬Ȃᢏ፞Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯ ȃ ȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯ Ȃᒄᝌक‫ޠ‬ձࠣȂΚР८ ӶᐤѭཏᜌР८৥౫яϛᘟӲ྘Ϝ୾ȃпϜ୾ȶϥξԒ‫ޠ‬ӏ‫ڸ‬ኈȷ୉࣐НᏱ Ϝ΢௒ဏ౪‫ޠ‬ᆡઢྜᓟȞཏᜌࡧ௚ϟഌȟȇՅӶޫ໣ᇮძР८ȂࠔέщᅗΠѯ ᢋ໑ρ௒ᛅȂӤਣȂԃ຀ཏпѯН໰ّਫቹϊᇴȂδߺ΢‫ޑ‬ᐈᅌ᜹ԄᔜН‫ޠ‬ ᄈҪ๩᜸ȂഇႇᇮّȂ‫ם‬ᄻя‫؂‬ᘁ݃‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძȞԇӶᇅᡞңϟഌȟ ȄНϾϜ୾ȃ ӵ౪ѯᢋȂӶᒄᝌकϊᇴϜ‫ٯ‬ဋӔԇȇ ȶϜ୾ȷ࢑ᆡઢ‫ޠܓ‬Ȃ࢑ȶѯᢋȷࠍ࢑‫ޑ‬ ౪‫ܓ‬Ȅ ‫ٲ‬ᄃαȂԫΚ੬፵Ӷᒄᝌक‫ޠ‬ಒΚҐϊᇴ໲ȮտߝᆖȯϜ֊ఽ඿ѠُȄ Ȳտ ߝᆖȳϜȂ‫ع‬лِᆔۢ௄኉୾኏Ѽ༄ቹ߭๞υЅЋྋȂ་ຨࡧ໑ϟ௒Ȉ ӶዊࢹȂΚϹᇴ‫ٿ‬Ȃഎញூᇅࢉ໑ᚕூԂሊȂѬԥងੀ៍ॴ಑Ӷདញ၈Ȃ Ӳ‫ژ‬Սϐ‫ޠ‬ঢ়༫Ȃ٦ॲՔȂߩளϜ୾ȊߩளϜ୾ȊՍՍดด൸Ѫ΢དྷକ ‫ש‬উኃཽਣ֛࠸‫ޠ‬ઢԣȄ 25 ᒄᝌकᙥ຀ٙӶ౵୾‫ޠ‬ϊᇴ‫ع‬лِȂпងੀ៍ॴ಑‫ॲޠ‬ՔȂᔤདྷኃཽઢԣ ‫ࡢॲޠ‬Ȃ௄Ϝଢ൷НϾϜ୾‫ॲޠ‬ኈȂӶԫȂНϾϜ୾ȞНϾॲՔȟ ȃӵ౪ѯᢋȞࢉ ໑‫ם‬ኈȟ ȃԚߞଅᏺȞኃཽઢԣȟή޲ȂпНϾϜ୾࣐лᡞȂࣻϤԛӬȄӶᒄᝌ क์ίȂᔜѯα‫ܛ‬ཀྵᅌ‫ٲࢉޠ‬НҐȂࢌ࢑Ңࣁଅᏺ‫ޠ‬ΚഌϸȂη࢑НϾϜ୾‫ޠ‬ ߓኊȄԄȲտߝᆖȳϜඣቹചঢ়‫ۑە‬џኃπࣽᗃઢᔜȂΚឭȶഢధఁφȷ ȂΚࢳ ജቁଋჳ‫ޠ‬ᔜȈ ȶ୧ภΚٙҪौȂ୯຀ढ़౵҂ਣ‫ݗޠ‬።ȂӲঢ়ଋჳȌȌᆔȃลȃ ಔȃᒄӓᙾඳΠ‫ܰۿ‬ȇ࢑ജॴᄟᄟ‫ޠ‬ЉᇅӵȌȌȄЋ࠽Սϐηད‫ژ‬٦௄ရ‫ۼ‬ఴ α‫ޠٿ‬տȂȌȌԃ઎ϛᔘȂ೼ኻ౟΢ဘ๫‫ޠ‬ᖑ๩၏Ԅեኮ‫ך‬ȂȌȌϜ୾΢ȂϜ ୾΢୮Ȋȷ 26Ȅ. 25 26. ࠊȄඈᅉ࢑࿌Ԓȶ໑ρНᏱ፤᏾ȷϜȂ‫״‬ցȶ໑ρНᏱȷңΩࣦӼ‫ޠ‬ձঢ়Ȅ ᒄᝌकȂȲտߝᆖȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮտߝᆖȯȂॳ 39-40Ȅ ᒄᝌकȂȲտߝᆖȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮտߝᆖȯȂॳ 63Ȅ.

(17) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 17. ȶᇇѯȷ࢑ΚঐНϾৡᏣȂᔜቒߓᅌ๗ӬΠޫ໣೪ॏȃॲ዆ȃၒНȃ݉၇ȃ ᖑॲȃٙᡞᇮّ๊᛻೛Ȃ೼η࢑ᒄᝌकᙥҦ༉ಜᔜቒ‫ߓٿ‬ኊНϾϜ୾‫ޠ‬঩ӱȄ ଷΠᔜቒϟѵȂ ȶυ‫ܓ‬ȷӶᒄᝌकձࠣϜȂηစள࢑НϾϜ୾‫ߓޠ‬ኊȄᆔۢᄈЋ ྋ‫ޠ‬ϳགΚُᗪ௒Ȃ֊ӱញூԃ࡟ȶϜ୾ȷȈ ԃҔᆓ຀Κၿၿ຋α਺Ȃ٦‫ٳ‬Ҫӵߨ߇‫ޠ‬౯Ꮳ࢑኉ཏ‫ءע‬ԥ‫ޠ‬НϾ‫ڸ‬Ք ீȌȌу౪яདញ‫ٿ‬ΠȈԃ࣐Ϩቅ֝Жуȉ٦࢑ঐ‫ء‬ԥ΢૗Щԃ‫؂‬Ϝ୾ ‫ޠ‬υ΢ȌȌ 27 ᒄᝌक์ίȂυ‫ܓ‬ϟज࢑Ϝ୾ϟज‫ޠ‬ᕼኈȂՅҕυзх༉៊‫ޠ‬ȶυఁȷࠍ࢑Ϝ ୾НϾ२्စ‫ڑ‬ȇԄȲፇॵ‫ٿ‬ȳϜ‫ޠ‬฀฀Ȉ ȶ‫ࡼ஁ש‬ȂଷΠࢿ‫߇ܙ‬ᕏ‫ۈ‬ѵȂ‫ڐ‬Ꮈ ‫ޠ‬ਣޫίȂ‫ࡇعڸ‬୉ན࢑Ѡৼ‫ޠ‬Ȅ೼η࢑‫ש‬ҕᒒ֚ຨ‫ޠש‬Ȃ೼࢑ԃ‫ޠ‬ҕᒒ֚ຨ ԃ‫ޠ‬ȂՅ೼έ࢑‫ש‬উϜ୾ӼЎҕᒒҘࡰ༉ίң‫ٿ‬Ѥᔁԃυ‫ၘޠڌ‬ȷ 28 Ȅпυఁ ୉࣐Ϝ୾НϾစ‫ߓޠڑ‬ኊȂ‫࢑؂‬ȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯ‫ޠ‬అ‫ٲ‬лໆȄ ᒄᝌक‫ޠ‬ձࠣȂӶΚΟΝɒԒхϜ෉‫ژ‬ΥɒԒхߒ෉‫ޠ‬ѯᢋНᏬȂѠпϸ ௄ϛӤ‫ޠ‬ຬ४‫ٿ‬Ꭸ᠟ȄॷӒ߰࢑ࠊख़‫ޠ‬НϾϜ୾ȃӵ౪ѯᢋϟȶ໑ρ౫ᄃȷ ȇด ՅȂѫΚР८Ȃᒄᝌक‫ޠ‬ȶ໑ρȷᇅ༂ࢍ݃ȃࢺᒻЊ๊‫ޠ‬ȶ໑ρȷࠔέϛӤȂ ԃ‫ޠ‬໑ρழ຀‫׶‬௒‫ޠ‬ᓘᢏஆ።ȂѬԥȶ༉ಜ‫ܓ‬ȷȂґُȶ౫х‫ܓ‬ȷȂ‫؂‬ґ৥౫ᄈ ȶ༉ಜ‫ܓ‬ȷȃȶ౫х‫ܓ‬ȷ‫ޠ‬៞ᜍ‫ࡧܓ‬સȄՅԫᆎ‫׶‬௒ॴੀȂέᇅѯᢋΝɒȃΥɒ Ԓх‫ޠ‬ȶ஼ན࣢ዦȷᇅȶሦ‫ؿ‬НᏱȷ‫ޠ‬።‫ࣻܓ‬ಓȄϛЎຠ፤ঢ়֊ࡿяᒄᝌकᇅ ஼ན࣢ձࠣ።‫ܓ‬ϟ᜹ߗȂԄ྇ྲࡿяȈ ȶᒄᝌक‫ޠ‬Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯ၈८‫ޠ‬υлِȂ݃ ᡘ࢑пȲߝᚈଅȳȃȮ࡫υȯ‫ޠ‬ΝѾȃማ৔ձ঩࠯‫ޠ‬ȂѬ‫ױ‬नෂಌ‫ژ‬༉ಜѯᢋަ ȶᒄᝌकࠍ‫ܜ‬᠜Π஼ན࣢ԓ‫ޠ‬ቹᄃ‫ݳ׭‬ȂпȮਵ߇ࡔȯ ཽ‫ٿ‬Ȅȷ29Յе኉ࡅࠍᇴȈ ඣᛳΚঐѯᢋυφ‫ޠ‬Ң‫ڽ‬༉‫ࣁ˕˕ۊ‬಴࢑Ȯ࡫υȯӏᖞ᝙৭Ȅȷ 30. 27 28 29. 30. ᒄᝌकȂȲտߝᆖȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮտߝᆖȯȂॳ 69-70Ȅ ᒄᝌकȂȲЗϣȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮտߝᆖȯȂॳ 208Ȅ ྇ྲȂ Ȳഇႇ஼ན࣢ࣽ΢໣˕˕ΝɒȃΥɒԒхϟһѯᢋϊᇴ‫ޠ‬੐ᅟᙾӪȳ ȂԞܼЫ຀Ȃ Ȯჳ ᇅԹᘵ˕˕᏾ࡤНᏱѭය፤Ρ໲ȯȞѯіȈᖓӬНᏱȂ1998 Ԓ 4 УȟȂॳ 69Ȅ е኉ࡅȂȲϊᇴ഻ձᇅНϾҢ౱ȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮԄե౫хȂࡪኻНᏱȉ˕˕ΫΟȃΡΫз खϜНϊᇴུ፤ȯȞѯіȈബҥя‫ޏ‬Ȃ1998 Ԓ 10 УȟȂॳ 418Ȅ.

(18) 18! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ‫ڎ‬՞ຠ፤޲എដІΠᒄᝌक‫ޠ‬НᏱॴੀᇅ‫ڐ‬ӶΚΟΝɒȃΥɒԒхѯᢋН ᏬϜ‫ࣻޠ‬ᜱ՞ဋȂดՅȂᒄᝌकᗷпᓘᢏ‫ޠ‬ຝᜣȂਫቹ‫׶‬௒໑ρϊᇴȂࠔ‫ٯ‬ϛ ૗ԄԫӉཏՅᙐϾӵ஡‫ڐ‬ᘫ᜹࣐ȶ஼๩஼።ȷ Ȃ஡Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯຝ࣐Ȯ࡫υȯ‫ޠ‬ፓ ᇨࠣȃѯᢋ໑ρ‫ ޏ‬31 ȄᒄᝌकՍϐηᇰ࣐ȂԃѬ࢑ਫቹՍϐ‫ܛ‬ዤோ‫ޠ‬΢ᇅ‫ٲ‬Ȃ ‫ڨߩٯ‬፣‫ޠ‬ኈ៫Ȉ ȶ‫ש‬ញூ೼࢑࡟ณᒞ‫ޠ‬Ȃ‫ש‬ϛᇰ࣐уࣽ‫࢑ޠ‬ΚঐҔጃ‫ޠ‬ᢏᘉȄ ԥ‫ٳ‬΢ᗚ्ᇴȮਵ߇ࡔȯ൸࢑џၮ஼ན࣢‫ޠ‬ϨቅϨቅᏱ‫ޠ‬Ȃ٦‫ש‬উѯᢋ൸ϛ૗ ԥ೼ኻ‫ޠ‬υφȉȷ 32 ‫ٲ‬ᄃαȂԄࠊ‫ܛ‬ख़Ȃᒄᝌकձࠣ‫ޠ‬НҐਣޫȂᇅΝɒԒх ѯᢋ‫ޠ‬ਣхनෂԥ‫ڐ‬ᘁ݃‫ޠ‬ϤНᜱ߾ȂӤਣȂ Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯϜ‫ޠ‬ѯᢋ໑ρϟৰ౵შ ෂȃ ȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯϜНϾϜ୾ᇅӵ౪ѯᢋ‫ܛ‬Ӕᄻ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძȂഎ֖౫яΚ ঐࣻᄈܼȮ࡫υȯ‫ޠ‬౵፵ޫ໣Ȃ፤޲सпࡤ޲࣐୥ྲлᡞȂпᒄᝌक࣐ೞЩၷ ‫ࡋޠ‬ᡞȂࠍϛ༊஡ᒄᝌकȶу޲ϾȷȂӤਣҼԥџѯᢋᐤѭϾϟӡᐡȄ ίН֊ଭᄈȮਵ߇ࡔȯȃȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯ‫ڎ‬ഌձࠣϜ‫ޠ‬НϾᇮძᇅ໑ρ ᇮძ౐Τ௥‫ݚ‬Ȅ. ɿȮȳጅ␕బȴʑ᱿З⃥ʑߡॉඖ⯿㋤⧄ⲩ (1) υ΢‫॒ޠ‬࿾ȅ‫ع‬΢‫ޠ‬௒ኔ˕˕៉٘፤ख़‫ڎޠ‬ᆓ Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯϜഷᘁ݃‫࢑ޠ‬υᡞ፤ख़Ȃυ‫ܓ‬ٙᡞ୉࣐Κঐޫ໣ຬኊȂ‫ٯ‬፮ϡ ณ४‫ޠ‬ᗵൖᇅདྷ჌ȇՅϊᇴϜഷऐя‫ޠ‬υᡞȂ‫ߩٯ‬ᖜৡᇅٙࢳȂՅ࢑៉ᑪ‫ޠ‬ϊ ရȄ Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯ௄ᓟՎ‫׏‬ोᛱΠΚഌϜ୾៉٘፤ख़Ȃєࢃ៉٘‫ޠ‬ٙϸߓኊȃ៉٘ ‫ޠ‬зх༉៊ȃ៉٘୉࣐υ‫ܓ‬Ս‫ש‬ᇰӤ‫ٸޠ‬ᐄȃ៉٘୉࣐υ‫ڦؒܓ‬۸ᆌ‫ޠ‬᏶ᎭȌȌ ๊๊Ȅ ϊᇴΚ໡ۗȂԒРΫྒ‫ޠ‬ାতकȂ֊ఄདӵᄇញȞՍញȟຘ֬ஐ΢‫ޠ‬ଉ઱Ȃ ࢑ҦܼԃԥΚᚗґ៉‫ޠ‬Љด٘Ȉ. 31. 32. е኉ࡅϟᇮȂُЫ຀Ȃ Ȳဤӵ‫ޠ‬ബφϛԬ˕˕஼ན࣢‫ޠ‬ኈ៫Ωᇅȶ஼ࣃȷձঢ়‫຺ົޠ‬ϟၰȳ Ȃ ȮϜ୾ਣൣȯ41-42 ‫ޏ‬Ȟ1995 Ԓ 9 У 14 СȟȄ ༂࣢࣢ȂȲ஼ན࣢೥ፚጉȳȂԞܼЫ຀ȂȮ஼ན࣢ϊᇴः‫ف‬Ȟ1966-1996ȟȯȞ୾ҴϜᑺτᏱ Ϝ୾НᏱ‫ق‬ᆉς፤НȂ2001 Ԓ 2 УȟȂॳ 207Ȅ.

(19) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 19. ๊ӁউΚٗሊȂতक΢‫ޣޣ‬યӶැαȂ‫ڎ‬ಂగ຀ࡑ૘τዉȂӕ‫܂‬ίࣽՍ ϐ‫ޠ‬τရȂЗ၈དྷ‫ޠ‬Ȃࠔ࢑٦ΚᚗᚗȂΝУЉСᓟծ‫ޠ‬ඍࢴಂ࿙Ȅ ٦ঐϛ‫ޤ‬ၿ्៉ȉ൸ᆘۢѻҘሊ൸೼ૢዂኻΠȉηԂȂ्კȂ൸‫ٿ‬Щ፣ ‫ޠ‬ရϊȊ‫ژ‬ਣ‫ء‬΢ঢ়ϊ‫ޠ‬Ȃ൸ᡲ΢፿‫ڎ‬ရȊȌȌΚۢ៉ூϊϊΚ᠊ȂѪ Ӊե΢᠊຀ဗȂዽΠಂȂմίᓟџȂഎᗚ༽ࣽѻϛ஋ȄȞॳ 4ȟ ԫ೏ഇᡘя‫ޠٿ‬ཏో࢑ȂᄈԒ༊Ϋྒ‫ޠ‬তकՅّȂЯᒒԟംȃҕᒒ੿৶Ȃঢ়ძ ೵֩Ȃԃ҇໹‫ܜ‬ᐋঢ়ଡ଼ഽ୞‫ٯ‬ᗉ‫ڦ‬Ңࣁ‫ܛ‬ሰȂดՅȂᄈԃՅّȂ೵ጐᆘϛαৼ ଚȂܺ຀ΚᚗЉด٘Ȃϛ૗ၮ᎒٩υգউ‫ٵ‬ԥӤኻ៉٘‫ޠ‬ȶ᠍Ωȷ Ȃࠔ࢑ԃഷτ ‫ৼޠ‬ଚȂՅԫᆎৼଚདȂࠍ࢑ഇႇҖ໣ަཽஐυထဤϟ໣ࣻϤ༉ሏ੕࢘‫ޠ‬ȄҔ ԄС‫ݾ‬ਣ෉ѯᢋȶЉดཽ٘ȷ‫ܛ‬༉୯‫ޠ‬ȶ၍៉٘ᅉȷϜ‫ّܛ‬Ȉ ȶณᑪᡚЧࣽȂᒒ ჌τᔜ᯿ȃན຀ԂӫᖑȂᑪΠϛԂ՘Ȅȷ 33 ȶณᑪᡚЧࣽȷ‫ܛ‬༉ႁ‫࢑ޠ‬Κᆎަ ཽ‫ޠ‬υ‫ܓ‬ٙᡞʝНϾᢏདྷȂѠُ៉٘ࢌ࢑Κᆎٙᡞ፤ख़Ȃ‫࢑؂‬ᆨᆨᢒ൹Ӷ༉ಜ Ϝ୾‫ཽަޠ‬ᐡ‫ښ‬ᇅ‫ܓ‬րНϾ፤ख़ϟϜȄ ၧիՄᄇ៉٘ϟକӱȂ྆ङϛяѳᆓȈ΢మϟ्ؒȃυ‫ޠܓ‬ङ‫؃‬ȃ‫ع‬υϟ ୣϸȃ॒࿾ϟߴࡼ๊ 34 ȇҼ֊Ȃ៉٘Ї࢏Π‫ܓع‬ኔగᢏདྷϟί‫ޠ‬υ‫࢚ܓ‬৶ٙᡞ जᏱȂпІ‫ܓ‬րНϾϸ᜹ફ‫ז‬Ϝ‫ޠ‬υ‫ܓ‬ӵ՞ᇅቌঅϟࣩۢȂӤਣηᙥп௢‫ښ‬υ ‫ܓ‬ٙᡞ‫ޠ‬лᡞ‫ܓ‬Ȅ‫ٲ‬ᄃαȂ៉٘ΚР८ߓኊΠަཽНϾٙϸȃΚР८ηхّΠ ॒࿾ȂѫΚР८‫؂‬έೞȶ‫ޑܓ‬Ͼȷ ȂԚ࣐‫ܓع‬ȶᠿ‫ޑ‬Ͼȷ‫ࡋޠ‬ᡞȄ៉٘‫ߓޠ‬ኊཏ ోȂ֥ࢃΠ॒࿾ᇅ௒ኔ‫྄ڎ‬ȂӉ᏶‫ཽަ᠍ع‬໡৥‫ڐ‬ኔగᢏདྷȄ ାতकҢܼఽ۠ҒԒȂ࢑࣐ሧ‫ق‬΢ςȂ‫ٸ‬ᐄС‫ݾ‬ਣ෉СҐ෦Җ࢈‫ۻ‬ᄈѯᢋ ‫ޠ‬ȶᖞਣЙπ።ࢦȷᡘұȂСҐስѯϟࡤȂΚΟɒϥԒȂυ‫٘៉ܓ‬΢኶ќυ‫ܓ‬ ᖃ΢π኶‫ޠ‬ԼϸϟϥΫϳȅΟȂሧ‫ࠍق‬ାՎԼϸϟϳΫΥ 35 ȂӱԫȂϊᇴጃด ৥౫Π࿌ਣ‫ޠ‬ਣх௒ძȂпІ៉٘୉࣐υ‫ܓ‬ထဤ໲ᡞᐤѭଅᏺ‫ޠ‬τयშෂȄ. 33 34. 35. Ȳߺᝏ၍៉٘ᅉȳȂȮѯᢋᄜಭଅ‫ٲ‬ȯಒ 4 ‫ڣ‬αಒΡဵȞ1904 Ԓ 2 У 23 СȟȂॳ 95Ȅ ၧիȂ ȲϜ๽ஐυ៉٘Մȳ ȂԞܼᓰঢ়ᡤጢȂ ȮϜ୾ஐυѭ፤໲ȯ ȞѯіȈጎ໑я‫ަޏ‬Ȃ1979 Ԓ 10 УȟȂॳ 182-183Ȅ ྇ᆶȂ ȮСᐄਣ෉ѯᢋஐυ၍ܺၽ୞˕˕пȮѯᢋҖൣȯ࣐ϸ‫ݚ‬ൠ஀Ȟ1920-1932ȟȯ ȞѯіȈ ਣൣНϾя‫ޏ‬ϵѨȂ1993 Ԓ 5 УȟȂॳ 56Ȅ.

(20) 20! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ៉٘ϟԚ࣐υ‫ܓ‬ထဤ‫ޠ‬໲ᡞᐤѭଅᏺȂ࢑Ҧܼ៉٘೾ள҇໹Ҧঢ়Ϝ‫ޠ‬ҕ ᒒȃડҕȃఋϜ‫ܗ‬᎒٩‫ޠ‬υ‫ߞܓ‬Ճ॓ೱᐈஉᇦရҁȂӤਣᗚԥ஠ңၿ‫ڏ‬ᇅΚ৉ ᖆᅴ‫ޠ‬቉ԓႇโȄϊᇴϜାতकҦܼҕᒒ੿৶ȂᚗКณΩ࣐ԃ៉٘Ȃпयԃ‫ޠ‬ Љด٘Ԛ࣐઱ࢢȂࡤ‫ٿ‬፝‫ٿ‬ႥᏪߢ஖࣐ԃ៉٘ȂାতकӶᗵ‫ף‬ቒฯ‫࡬ޠ‬௜௒ძ ϜȂ஡Սϐᇅߢ஖‫ޠ‬υ‫םܓ‬ຬၯਣޫӵ᠓ӬΠȂसϔԒ‫ޠٿ‬ᅖఋஐυȂ൸Ԅԫ ༉ሏ຀ฯश‫ޠ‬ٙᡞစᡜȂ੨ίࣻӤ‫ޠ‬ٙᡞಓဵȂ‫ם‬ᄻ‫ٯ‬༉៊ࣻӤ‫ޠ‬υ‫ܓ‬΢ҢȈ ȶϛ ‫ޠࡪޤ‬Ȃতक‫܈‬ਃକȂԥ٦ቅΚСȂՍϐη्ᡑԚಂࠊߢ஖‫ޠ‬೼อዂኻȂ๊ூ ٦ਣȂԃӕ෈Ԓሇ‫ޠ‬υ‫ڌ‬ঢ়៉ရȂ‫ٯ‬йሇඣసቹȂ‫ٿ‬ख़ᇴϭС‫ޠ‬઄Ȅȷ Ȟॳ 17ȟ ៉٘ϛ༊࢑υ‫ܓ‬ထဤ‫ޠ‬໲ᡞᐤѭଅᏺȂӤਣ‫؂‬ᗵ֥຀Κ৉ٙϸᇰᜍዀଅȄ ៉٘ࣻᜱѭਠࡿяȂ݃хϑึ৥яȶ៉࣐٘ີȷ‫ޠ‬ᢏ‫܉‬Ȉ ȶ੗‫ݎ‬ϚЙȂ‫ع‬ϛ೩᠟ ਫȂυϛ೩ᇦ٘Ȅȷ 36 ៉٘ߓኊ໧઼ȃߓኊٙϸӵ՞ȃߓኊНϾఁᎵȂ಴ᚕΠ जᏱ‫ޠ‬ጓᛠȂ‫ם‬ᄻяΚ৉НϾ፤ख़ȄҕᒒԬࡤȂЗା੊༈Յέณ‫ٸܛ‬᏶‫ޠ‬ାত कȂᏖగՍϐ૗஋ഇႇ៉ᑪяज٘ȂпНϾٙᡞᇮّّᇴՍ‫ש‬ᇰӤȈ Սϐ‫ء‬ԥΚኻȃљኻȂ૗Щ΢ঢ়Ȃঢ়࿌Ȃ੫্ȂъۙȂϨቅഎϛ૗ЩȂ Ϩቅഎဤ΢ࡤȄկȂᖃூԥΚኻȂԃ्ր΢ⴛକရȂӊαᓟȂηగԃϛ ‫ژ‬Ȅԃ᠊କٙᙽȂџ၍៉ရҁȂԃ्२ུ៉ѻΚၿȂпࡤη्ؑСᕼȂ ؑСᆨȇංԒ‫ٿ‬Ȃԃᐍঐ‫ޠ‬΢Ȃഎೞᄪ຀୛຀Ȃԃ्Սϐ‫ޠ‬ရȂη‫ޤ‬ၿ ٦ฆ‫ک‬ȊЇҔԃ्ဈΚᚗӓіߟᔐณ΢ԥႇ‫ޠ‬ϊရȌȌȞॳ 36ȟ ାতक஡ϊရϲϾ࣐υ‫ܓ‬ഷାቌঅȂпԫ‫ۉ‬՘Ȃ‫ݏ‬ด៉яΚᚗȶӓіߟᔐณ΢ ԥႇ‫ޠ‬ϊရȷȂϊᇴඣቹԃԄեூཏܼՍϐ‫ޠ‬ϊရȂȶϊရȷංо‫׈‬ӓ௄ٙᡞϜ ϸᚕя‫ٿ‬ȂՅԚ࣐Κ໷᛻೛ࠣȈ ȌȌԂ჌ਔ‫ޠ‬ϛ࢑Սϐ‫ޠ‬ရȂϛ࢑Սϐ‫ޠ‬ՉȄ ԃ‫ޠ‬ရȌȌ তकϛ࿲ኖ௕‫ޠ‬ኮᄦକ‫ٿ‬ȇՍϐ೼ᚗရȂࠊԍࡤ᜚Ȃ٘ᆓᗚཌྷཌྷϼକȌȌ ϛӏ߳ȂϛӏϊȂ઎Ԅ΢ঢ়ၔ‫ޠ‬Ȃ࢑ရኻԂȊȞॳ 38ȟ 36. ၧիȂӤພ 34Ȃॳ 187Ȅ.

(21) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 21. Ϝ୾ަཽᠿ‫ޑ‬Ͼυ΢‫ޠ‬ϊရȂ஡ϟຝ࣐ቸज‫ࡋޠ‬ᡞȂ݃ఽަཽᗚึ৥яΚ ৉៉٘जᏱȂൟᆏ࣐෥መजᏱϟစ‫ڑ‬Ȃϛ༊៉٘ၿ‫ڏ‬ᇅϗᎯ֥ᒋ຀ᙒᙖ᛻೛Ȃ ഀϊရҐٙηೞጢાΤ᛻೛‫ޠ‬ቸजጓᛠȂึ৥яȶࠣጹȷ‫ޠ‬ዀྦ˕˕ϊȃዶȃ ԍȃ᠊ȃॸȃ೻ȃҔ๊ȶ៉٘ΝԆ೧ȷ 37 ȂାতकᄈՍϐϊရ‫ޠ‬ȶኖ௕ȷᇅՍ ᅗȂϛ༊Ї࢏Πϊရϟೞᠿ‫ޑ‬ϾȂӤਣηᄕᡘя៉٘ΝԆ೧‫ޠ‬जᏱዀྦӶҖ໣ ަཽ‫ޠ‬඾ႈԇӶ‫ݸޒ‬Ȅ‫ࡤڐ‬ାতक‫ݏ‬ดпϊရᆹӫȂ ȶіߟᔐ΢΢‫ޤ‬ၿᗚ༉‫ݔژ‬ Ұ෬‫ٿ‬ȷ Ȟॳ 136ȟՅூп༻Τ‫ݔ‬Ұ෬τЙٛঢ়Ȃϊရη໸༗ӵԚ࣐ΰЊ࿆ٛߧ ᄈ‫ۏ‬φኔగᢏདྷ‫ޠ‬ᏘᆺᘉȂу௨ਔ຀ԃ‫ޠ‬ϊရȂᢛዋȈ ȶԮ೼ᚗϊရȂԂఁ΢ኖȂ Ԃఁ΢઄ȂΚࣽ߰ནȄȷȞॳ 137ȟ Ӷ८ᄈ౵ఋ෦Җಜ‫ݾ‬ϟርȂ៉ࣦ٘Վೞ၍᠟࣐ߗоઢဒ‫ޠ‬ȃ҇໹ᆱៗ‫ޠ‬Җ ఋНϾಓጇ‫ܗ‬ҖఋՍ൶ȄϊᇴϜඣቹ‫ژ‬ංঐٛঢ়υஔଇ፤СҐ෦Җ࢈‫٘ܺޠۻ‬ ࢈๋Ȉ СҐ΢ᡲӁউΚߞ௷ֳӶგαȂӕ௄‫ۼ‬ίକЭᐷရȌȌЭՐΚ‫܂‬αȂရ ٘‫ދ‬ዦΠȂ٦‫ٳ‬ӳсȂΚঐঐ‫ۍ‬ί‫ٿ‬ȂѬ࡮ແϛ‫ץ‬ȂՅйᜟແᜟ၍៉ရ ҁȂτ྆ҁη຀ЭΠȇСҐ΢ࠔӶࡤ८െȈӲџϛ्ӕᑪΠȂӕᑪӕᐷȂ ϊရᖃ࢑ແϛ‫ץ‬ȄȞॳ 196ȟ ϛ៉ԥϛ៉‫ޠ‬౪Ȃ៉ԥ៉‫ޠ‬ңЗȂկ࢑ϛᆔ៉ᇅϛ៉ȂҦСҐ΢‫ဵٿ‬цȂ ‫ٿ‬яᖑȂ‫ٿ‬Ѫ‫ש‬উϛ៉ရȂ೼З၈ᖃញூᜳ҂Ȃ൸჌Սϐঢ়၈‫ٲޠ‬Ȃࠔ ூᡲր΢୉лΚኻȊȷȞॳ 197ȟ ᒄᝌकᙥҦυஔϟπȂߓႁΠ៉٘୉࣐Ϝ୾ҖఋНϾߓኊ‫ޠ‬ᢏᘉȂԃᇰ࣐Սϐ НϾϟԂᚾȂϛ҇Ҧуఋ‫ٿ‬ຠ፤Ȃ‫؂‬ϛ૗Ҧуఋ‫ۢ؛ٿ‬త੽Ȅ࡟݃ᡘӵȂԫ೏ ᡜᜍΠҐНࠊख़፤ᘉȂӶȶϜ๽Җ୾ȷ࢈‫ۻ‬ѵһᄉᄉ‫ڨ‬ਚ‫ޠ‬ਣх௒ძ‫ۼ‬ίȂӶ ՚РНϾȃϏཿН݃ȃ౫х‫ܓ‬ഃᅛӶѯᢋึ৥ȂҢࣁ࠯ᄙІቌঅᢏ८ᖞ‫װ‬ᡑ‫ޠ‬ ௒‫ݸ‬ίȂԄᒄᝌकࡤଅϜ‫ߓܛ‬ႁ‫ޠ‬ȂቹܼΚΟΝɒԒхϜ෉‫ޠ‬Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯ Ȃమᙥ ҦΚ‫ٳ‬ᒶᐆ‫ܓ‬Ϝ୾НϾಓጇ‫ޠ‬ፓᇨᇅӕ౫Ȃߓႁ‫ڐ‬ᄈҖఋНϾлᡞᇅ൶ᝓ‫ޠ‬л. 37. ၧիȂӤພ 34Ȃॳ 188Ȅ.

(22) 22! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ஼˕˕ȶՍϐঢ়၈‫ٲޠ‬ȷ ȂԂᚾഎҦϛூᡲր΢୉лȊӶԫȂ ȶϊရȷ಴ᚕυᡞȂ Ԛ࣐Κᆎ໑ρʝҖఋ‫ޠ‬ᗵൖȂߓኊ຀НϾՍлᇅҖఋ൶ᝓȂϊရӕΚԪೞ‫ޑ‬Ͼ Ԛ࣐ٙϸȞ୾ఋʝυ‫ܓ‬ȟዀଅȄՎܼ៉٘υ‫ܓ‬ϟณٙᡞлᡞ‫ܓ‬ȂӉНϾ៉ᑪਔ ആȂࠔηӤਣጢጇԚ࣐Ϝ୾НϾ‫ޠ‬Κঐ‫װ‬ԣშෂȄ ϊရࣦՎηԚ࣐᠍Ωᇅ൶ີ‫ߓޠ‬ኊȄାতक࣐‫ڌ‬φ஍Πཁஐ‫ؖ‬ᆇዃȂࠔέ ᄈԃϛൊȂϊရη൸Ԛ࣐஖஖ߓኊࡅᝓ‫ޑޠ‬໷ȂᙥҦᡲཁஐ࣐ԃࣀϊရȂାত कп‫ښ‬ାᘉМପΠཁஐȂՅ‫ؖ‬ᆇዃࠍѬԥ‫؂‬ད‫ڡژ‬ཌྷᇅࣨិȈ ԃѬ૗ϊЗᖏᖏȂ‫ױ‬٦ϊရ௨Ӷ૔ࠊȄ ೼ရ࢑зαഷ൶२‫ޠ‬ΚᚗȂਔ२ΠȂѻཽ࿦ȂܺሇΠȂѻཽॵȄ ᆇዃΚጣΚቺ‫ޠ‬਍໡ᇦҁȂ჌দ଺ᘁ๾Ȃέ჌၍຀ᆠဩȇഷࡤ‫ޠ‬ᇦҁ਍ କਣȂԃ௨຀Սϐ஖஖‫ޠ‬٦ᚗရȂԥ‫֓ࣽٳ‬ΠȌȌȞॳ 449ȟ ࿌Ԓ٦ᚗ΢ُ΢ኖནȃ୉࣐ቸजࡋᡞȃٙϸߓߓኊ‫ޠ‬ϊရȂӒ࢑ೞᔤൖ࣐Җఋ НϾ൶ᝓȂ᝸ՅέϾ࣐ٙ஖஖൶ີᇅ᠍ࡅ‫ޠ‬ຬኊȂณ፤঻Κ໷Ȃϊရഎ௄υᡞ Ϝೞഹᚕя‫ٿ‬ȂӶ‫ޠཽަ᠍ع‬ਔ௨ȃඦལȃᏘຝȃࠣຠȃ፤ख़ϟίȂᅗ٘Πө ᆎኔగᢏདྷ‫ޠ‬ሰؒȄस஡ȶҖఋНϾ൶ᝓȷຝ࣐Κᆎȶ໑ρ፤ख़ȷ Ȃԫᆎȶ໑ρ ፤ख़ȷҔЇ࢏яȶ໑ρ౫ᄃȷϲഌ‫ܓޠ‬ʝր᠍Ω࢈‫ޠݾ‬་ఈȂυ‫ܓ‬ٙᡞӶࠊߗ хަཽϜȂ‫ڐ‬ೞ‫ޑ‬ϾѠُΚૢȄ. (2) ‫ࣻڽ‬ᏱϜ‫ޠ‬υ‫ܓ‬ٙᡞຬኊޫ໣ υ‫ܓ‬ٙᡞೞဋܼЯ᠍НϾަཽϜࠣຠ፤ख़Ȃϛ༊௄៉٘ΚᆓѠпᑜ଒Κ රȂϊᇴϜȂഇႇ‫ࣻڽ‬ᏱȂη༉ႁяѫΚ৉υ‫ܓ‬ٙᡞ፤ख़ȄӶ‫ࣻڽ‬ᏱϜȂυ‫ܓ‬ ٙᡞ፤ख़೾ள৥౫Ӷ‫ڎ‬Р८Ȃ‫ڐ‬Κ࢑ȶ‫ڽ‬ੀȷ፤ख़ȃ‫ڐ‬Ρࠍ‫ڏ‬ԥȶ‫ࡿܓ‬ਗ਼ȷȄ ାতकΚР८ೞၜម࣐Ԃ‫ڽ‬ϟυȂԃȶҢ൸ԂΚᄈȺࢪဩ‫ݓ‬Ȼ ȇ௄ࠊ‫ޠ‬΢ᇴȂ Ԅԫ‫ࣼޠ‬ЪȂۢ‫ٵ‬൳ີȄȷȞॳ 14ȟ࿌ԒႥᏪߢ஖঩‫ٯٿ‬ϛᇰ࣐ାতक೼๊ጐ श΢ঢ়υ‫ڌ‬ԥ៉٘‫्҇ޠ‬ȂดՅȂ࿌ߢ஖ᢏُԃ‫ࣼޠ‬ЪϟࡤȂࠔዦϹӵ࣐ԃ៉ ٘Ȃ ȶሃᆨ෈ԃ៉ᚗԂရȂϘϛ່॓Ӂ೼‫ڽ‬ੀȄȷ Ȟॳ 15ȟାতक‫ޠ‬Ԃ‫ڽ‬Ȃϛ༊ ߓ౫ӶࣼЪȂηߓ౫ӶᚗКȂ ȶ‫্ۓ‬ಘಡࣁഎ‫ٿ‬Ȃ೼КϬ࢑݃ዝȃӏᐪȂ‫ᜳ؂‬ூ.

(23) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 23. ԍ೏ԍȂ༬೏༬ȂජЗέමࠕȃ೻ᆮȂഗಂኮᄦȂη‫ޤ‬ၿ‫্ۓ‬ಥ࢑‫ٵ‬ᆌϟ΢˕ ˕ȷȞॳ 82ȟ ࣻᄈܼ‫ࣻڽ‬ᏱϜ‫ޠ‬ȶԂ‫ڽ‬፤ख़ȷ ȂҼԥᖢ‫ܗڽ‬ඍυ፤ख़޲ȂԄାতकϛൊ‫ؖ‬ ᆇዃȂ֊༽ԃᇴၘณ‫ॲ׏‬Ȃ࢑ખࣻ‫ڽޠ‬ੀȇՅԄ඄ਣᖑॲႇτȂᆄញਣ࢑Ϋ٘ ‫ޠ‬ȶ୅ࡐᆄȷ๊๊Ȃഎೞၜម࣐υ‫ܓ‬ȶᖢ‫ڽ‬ณᆌȷ‫ߓޠ‬ኊȄՎܼାতकՍϐȂ ᗷ࢑൳ີϟ‫ڽ‬ȂѫΚР८Ȃȶᘟජȷ‫ڽ‬ੀࠔέᑩᙔϛџȂԚ࣐ԃΚҢ‫ޠ‬ജኈȈ ԃࣽ‫ژ‬КජαಇकಡंȂె຀᜵Ҫ‫ޠ‬රᘉȂ໣໣ᓀᓀȄα८ᖄ‫ٿ‬ᐘџ‫ޠ‬ ጤવȂ࢑ᆔ‫ڽ‬ၽ‫ޠ‬ઢȂңΧܻअ‫ڔ‬αџ‫ޠ‬ȇՅ٦ቅΚ఩τᐘጤȂ์Κૢ ‫ޣ‬ȂϹႇԃ‫ޠ‬ᐍ଺ѢКජȂϹூԂΠᘟȄȞॳ 60ȟ ϊᇴϜାতकΚҢ‫ڽ‬ၽ‫ޠ‬କဤȂծоഎጣକܼᘟජ‫ڽ‬฾Ȃ‫ڏ‬ԥࠌЯҕࠌΰЊ‫ޠ‬ ‫ڽ‬ੀȂӱԫȂԃѷџЯҕȂѷџ‫ככ‬ȃΰЊȂ‫ڌ‬φࠍߞԒ੽ᏱӶѵȂᗷด൳ີ ᠍२ȂࠔѬ૗ȶᑀࣁȷܼ΢зȄ‫ܛ‬ᒞȶ‫ع‬΢ᘟජԥۣ୉Ȃυ΢ᘟජԉޫ‫ܙ‬ȷ Ȟॳ 181ȟȂᘟජ፤ख़Ҕ࢑༉ಜϜ୾‫ܓ‬րНϾ፤ख़‫ޠ‬ഷ‫ٺ‬ᡞ౫Ȅ‫ࣻڽ‬ᏱϜ‫ܛ‬ᗵ֥‫ޠ‬Κ ৉‫ع‬൶υ‫ޠڡ‬ᢏ‫܉‬ጃดঅூ౐Τ௥‫ف‬ȄӶ‫ࣻڽ‬ᏱϜȂᘟජߓұ՘୞‫؛ݏ‬ȃ‫ܓ‬ੀ থውȂ឵ܼ໩থ‫ޠ‬ȃ‫ܓޠܓع‬ੀ੬፵Ȃԫᆎ‫ܓ‬ੀ੬፵ဋܼ‫ܓع‬ٙαȂ஽Ͼ‫ڐ‬໩ থ੊፵ȂԄനூЬȂ‫ٻ‬ϟூпӶϵስ஀ϜᚒяΚбЉӵȇดՅȂဋܼᔗ၏‫ڏ‬റ ജ࢚੊፵‫ޠ‬υ‫ܓ‬ٙαȂࠔ࢑ࠌᛥᒒ΢‫۟ޠ‬ᄁϟࣻȄυ‫ܓ‬ᘟජ፤ख़࢑Κ৉ᜱܼυ ‫੊ܓ‬፵ȃِՔ‫׹‬ᅌϟ፤ख़˕˕ജ࢚ȃ໸௄ȃ‫ې‬ԣؒӓȄӱԫȂାতक౐དՍϐ ‫ޠ‬Ң‫ڽ‬лᡞ‫ڨܓ‬ᘟජጤવ஽੩‫ښ‬ङȂณԥяπȈ ٦ѿѢ‫ڎ‬఩ජવȂ‫݃ם؂‬ᡘΠȂতक‫ڂ‬ᛉ՟ᚗКȂࣽ٦ᘟ౸ӬԚΚጤȇ ೼఩ጤȂ࢑єϵఊᏀ଼Ȃ‫ܛ‬ң‫ߐޠ‬ᓟㅃȂ์‫ޣ‬ϛ᠊‫ޠ‬Ϲᘟԃ‫ޠ‬ΚᚗКȂ Ϲᘟԃ೩Ӽ‫ץޠ‬዆ȇԃ࡮ூ्ၱ‫ݭ‬ȃ‫׺‬ϣȂࠔ࢑਍ѻณѠ‫ۋ‬եȄ ٦ጤȂ‫؂‬჌‫ױ‬ւΧȃ‫ܻץ‬Ȃήȃ‫ڎ‬ίȂϹ௭ΠԃٙᙽᡞϲΚ‫ٳ‬τ՗૖Ȅ ԃ‫ء‬ԬȂᗷ཮ӲΚ఩‫ڽ‬Ȃࠔ࢑௄ԫԃτ‫ڪ‬Κᖑηϛ૗ȂѬ഼ίϊπൈ੊ ‫ޠ‬ӌȄȞॳ 255ȟ.

(24) 24! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯϜ‫ޠ‬ାতकᇅȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯϜ‫॒ޠ‬ᢏഷτ‫ޠ‬ৰ౵ӶܼȂ ॒ᢏ‫ޠ‬ਣхᗷၷߗȂ‫ܓڐ‬ੀࡧ௚‫ܛ‬ᡞ౫‫ޠ‬Ȃࠔ࢑‫؂‬༉ಜ‫ޠ‬ȶ॒ዔᓘᢏȷ‫ޠ‬υఁ ᙅ‫ڑ‬ȇՅାতकࠍծоᡞϲᖃ࢑ᗵดၱ୞຀Κ޷࡫ࢴϟ੊ȃΚᆎߪమ಴я‫ޠ‬л ᡞኔగȄԃ༻Τ‫ڎ‬ԒȂΰЊ࿆ٛߧ֊ႇзȂΰЊԬࡤȂԃԉٙԄҞϟӫᗷดሊ ክӶѵȂϲЗࠔ௄‫ٿ‬എϛ෇ۢᓘȂӱՍញᘟජȶϹ௭ΠԃٙᙽᡞϲΚ‫ٳ‬τ՗૖ȷ Ȃ ଢؒ۸ᆌ‫ޠ‬ཏ‫܉‬ЇՅΚ‫ޣ‬ᗵᗵ៛୞Ȃ‫ڌ‬φඐԲ҃ਣள᎐ԃࢴ҉Ȃ ȶԥਣȂԃ‫ޠ‬Ϩ ቅณӫ࡫੊ȂඏαංЉȂη‫ء‬ӵРึձȂࣽࣽѳ‫ڻ‬൝Ȃ٦Κঐ࢑ᓎ߰҉ூ‫ޠ‬ȉ ᅛᅛ‫ޠ‬ȂԃᡑԚནᙥಡࢉ҉ࡇφȄȷ Ȟॳ 255ȟ֊‫ۈٻ‬၈ࣽ຀ඐԲ఺՗රරȂϛ ‫ף‬ՅฯষȂ ȶดՅȂ๊‫ژ‬ίΚԪȂԃϬดྲίԬࠑ҉ඐԲȂ҉ூԃЗઢ࡬௜ȂѬ п࣐Κ‫҉ޣ‬຀ԃՍϐȄȷȞॳ 255ȟ ାতक‫ޠ‬ᆡઢኻᄙȂࢻ៪яᄈՍ‫ש‬ᐍᡞҢ‫ڽ‬௒ძ‫ޠ‬ϛᇰӤᇅϛᅗ٘Ȃԃԥ ΚᆎვнདᇅՍ‫ש‬ზతདȄ࿌ԒҦܼՎᒒ‫ככޠ‬তԱԬ಼ܼᜳȂԃ‫ۢ؛‬ϛ૗༻ ๞ᅤӂપԱ੖Ȃ‫؂‬Ӷȶ൳ີȷ‫ޠ‬Кࣻᇅᖜࣻ፤ख़ϜȂܺతན௒Ȃଢؒ൳ີȂด ՅȂτЙ΢ঢ়‫ࡍޠ‬ഗޫ໣Ȃ‫ٻ‬ԃԥ຀஽੩‫ޠ‬ഗᚈޫ໣ฑኍȄӶਣ໣ጤშР८Ȃ ାতक‫ޠ‬Ң‫ڽ‬ਣ໣ࠍծо୅ᎺӶΰЊԬਣ٦Κ‫ڔ‬Ȃԃ‫ޠ‬༉ಜυ‫ܓ‬ਣ໣ୣ༶˕˕ υ‫ڌ‬ȃཁஐȃ஖஖Ȃ୓ด௄ϜඩΤѫΚঐߞ‫ם‬ୣ༶Ȃೲ՜ԃ௄ཁஐ‫ژ‬஖஖‫ޠ‬Ң ‫ڽ‬ᐤโ˕˕ԉᄁȄ υ‫ܓ‬ԉᄁ࢑Κᆎޫ໣ഗᚈȃਣ໣Ꮨ‫ޠڿ‬Ң‫ڽ‬ኻᄙȂ༉ಜ‫॒ޠ‬࿾፤ख़Ӷȶᄁ ஐȷΚ᜹υ‫ܓ‬ٙα‫࢑؂‬ႁ‫྄ژ‬यȄϜ୾Ӷ‫׉‬хпࡤȂ॒࿾፤ख़ϑစ‫࡚ښ‬Ͼȃۡ ఁϾȂ੬ր࢑݃Ћડȶᓻᙅᄁஐȷ‫ޠ‬຤цȈ ȶҖ໣ᄁஐȂήΫпࠊЊκԉ‫ښ‬Ȃϥ Ϋпࡤϛ‫׾‬࿾޲Ȃ఍ߓߟᎧȂଷռҐঢ়ৰ‫ן‬Ȅȷ 38 ‫݃؂‬ᡘߓұഇႇ୾ঢ়‫ࡢݳ‬Ȃ п఍ߓȃଷ‫๊ן‬РԓᡑࣻჃᓿυ‫॒ڦ௵ܓ‬ȃ࿾ȃ੩‫ޠ‬՘࣐ዂԓȂ‫ژ‬Πఽ්Ȃ‫ڨ‬ ‫ژ‬఍ߓ‫॒ޠ‬࿾਱‫پ‬Щ්݃ӼΠΚॼ 39 ȂҦԫᢏϟȂ॒࿾ᢏϛ༊ґӱᅗఋಜ‫ݾ‬Յ ூ‫ژ‬ᚭဈȂЇՅ‫ᝓם؂‬ஞᇅ඾ႈϾȂ࣐Πߓᄕ॒࿾ȂпІఀֆӱ۩ᄁԉ࿾Յစ. 38 39. ାᗛȂȲ‫॒୾ש‬࿾இ‫ޠ࡚ښ‬ᅌᡑȳȂԞܼᓰঢ়ᡤጢȂȮϜ୾ஐυѭ፤໲ȯȂॳ 206Ȅ ቔख๽Ȃ ȲϜ୾॒࿾ᢏ‫ޠ܉‬ᐤѭᅌᡑȳ ȂԞܼᓰঢ়ᡤጢȂ ȮϜ୾ஐυѭ፤໲ȅѳ໲ȯ ȞѯіȈ ጎ໑я‫ަޏ‬Ȃ1995 Ԓ 10 УȟȂॳ 124Ȅ.

(25) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 25. ᔽณ‫ޠٸ‬υ‫ܓ‬ȂҖ໣ަཽࣦՎึ৥я஠ߟϾ‫ޠ‬ȶ॒࿾இȷಣᙒ 40ȄҦ࢑Ȃ ȶ॒࿾ȷ ࢌ‫ם‬ᄻяަཽНϾᏘຝϟᆪȂη൸Ԛ࣐ᄁ۩υ‫ޠܓ‬ΚᆎՍ‫ש‬ዀᄵȂ੬ր࢑॒࿾ ท֬ϟ஡॒࿾፤ख़ޫ໣ϾȂ‫؂‬ӶҖ໣ަཽϛᘟѣൕ຀υ‫ܓ‬ఋထ‫॒ޠ‬࿾ᐤѭଅ ᏺȂȶ॒࿾ȷࣦՎԚ࣐ΚᆎȶٙᡞНϾ৥ᅌȷȈ ‫ޠ࠯ڑ‬࿾ஐӼ࢑Ս୞ӵ஁‫؛‬ӵߓұϛ᜺ӕ༻ȂԄпЯҕȂૅ‫ۓ‬Ȃ௞ЅȂ ൭ԅȂ஽޲Ȃ൳޲Ȃ‫ٿ‬ᝏᘚ‫ܗ‬ᔇय़ԃউӕ༻ਣȂԃউӼՍ୞‫ܣ‬๙Ȃ‫ߓٯ‬ ᅌίӗ՘࣐‫ޠ‬Κᆎ‫ܗ‬኶ᆎȂпұ஁‫؛‬Ȅ ȞΚȟྒྷৡȂ ȞΡȟഹՇȂ Ȟήȟഹ ቆȂ Ȟѳȟᆏ੿Ȃ ȞϥȟᛅΧȂ ȞϳȟՍᇲȂ ȞΝȟమՍయȂ ȞΥȟҘϛ‫؜‬੝Ȃ ȞΟȟષॶಥٙȂ ȞΫȟᘟࡿȌȌȂ೼ᆎ՘࣐Ȃ࢑ߓұ࿌ਣ॒࿾ᢏ‫܉‬ϑ߮ ഇஐυউ‫ޠ‬ЗֱȄԃউଝ॒߭࿾‫ޠ‬೤ࡢ‫ڸ‬ଝ߭ۡఁΚኻ‫ڿ‬உȄ 41 ॒࿾፤ख़Ҧ࢑௄ަཽ‫ښ࡛࡚ښޠܓ‬ȃНϾᢏ‫܉‬Ȃ‫ߗژ‬оۡఁ‫߭ޠܓ‬ӊ೤ङȂՅ ೼‫ܛ‬ԥ‫ޠ‬НϾᛲસȂӓഎᡞ౫Ӷᄈυ‫ܓ‬ٙᡞ‫ޠ‬ဇဈα८Ȃ ȶ॒࿾ȷߩளఽྀ‫࢑ޠ‬ Κᆎ‫ڏ‬ԥਣ໣‫ܓ‬ᇅޫ໣‫ܓ‬ཏో‫ޠ‬υ‫ܓ‬ٙᡞϟНϾ፤ख़˕˕υ‫ܓ‬഼Ꮈ‫ޠ‬Ң‫ڽ‬ਣ ໣Ȃഎ्ҢࣁӶࡍഗ‫ޠ‬ȃೞަཽНϾᏘຝ‫ޫޠ‬໣ϜȂُᜍՍϐ‫ޠ‬ȶ॒࿾ȷ Ȅାত कϟ‫ܛ‬пᖃ࢑ད‫ژ‬Κᆎඏ੊ȃΚᆎณ‫ࢻݳ‬୞‫ޠ‬དញȂҔӱ࣐ԃ༻ΤτЙՅԉᄁȂ αՍЊঢ়‫ޠ‬τճϵȂίՎ჋ஔȂഎᏘຝ຀ԃ‫ޠ‬ٙᡞȃᜱ‫ݨ‬຀ԃ‫ޠ‬௒ኔȂՅ౱Ң ‫ޠ‬஽੩ഗᚈདȄ. (3) ॒࿾ท֬‫ޠ‬ᖂራ˕˕ٙᡞ௒ኔࢻ୞‫ཱུޠ‬ዙ Ҧ॒࿾፤ख़‫ޠ‬ᐤѭНϾ௒ძӲຝାতक‫ޠ‬ᄁ۩ҢీȂӶᐍᡞަཽНϾᏘຝ ‫ᝓޠ‬ஞᆪ๝ϟϜȂԃ҇໹ᆱࡼΚᆎτЙ΢ঢ়ᄁ۩лஐ‫ॴޠ‬ጓȂดՅϲЗࠔᖃ࢑ ȶΚყЭȂΚ޷੊ȷ Ȟॳ 192ȟ Ȃԃ‫ءٯ‬ԥпࠊख़፞ᆎ՘࣐৥ᅌ॒࿾‫ޠ‬ٙᡞ፤ख़Ȃ Шᄀᇴԃ࢑Ӷ൷‫׳‬яπȄ౫ᄃαାতक෇ԥ‫ڎ‬ԪӶяπᜟጣȂկࡍഗޫ໣Ϭ஡ ԃ֩ԉӶЊ‫ق‬ঢ়ఋᕔଲϟϜȄ ାতकಒΚԪ௄ᄁ۩‫ޠ‬ഗᚈޫ໣ᇅᏘ‫ڿ‬ਣ໣Ϝเเ಴яȂ࢑ഇႇᔜੳϊҎ 40 41. ାᗛȂӤພ 38Ȃॳ 206Ȅ ုঢ়ᒴȂȲᐤх࿾ஐ੩υ‫ޠ‬ಜॏȳȂԞܼᓰঢ়ᡤጢȂȮϜ୾ஐυѭ፤໲ȯȂॳ 115-116Ȅ.

(26) 26! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ੖߂ᇉ‫ޠ‬௦ЖȄ੖߂ᇉᄈାতकՅّȂԥංঐቺ८‫ޠ‬ཏోȄॷӒȂ੖߂ᇉ࢑ା তकՍ‫ࢍߨש‬ਣ෉‫࢏ޠ‬ᜣȂԃᡲାতकྲُഗᚈܼ൳ᇻτЙȃᄁ۩ԉ‫ښ‬ϟࠊ‫ޠ‬ ЎυାতकȂ٦ᗷด೵ጐȂࠔᗚԥөᆎѠ૗‫ޠ‬Ս‫ש‬ȄԃᇅપԱ੖‫ޠ‬ґ‫׈‬ԚࡆጣȂ ࢑ԃϛᘟӲ྘‫ޠ‬Ң‫ڽ‬ਣᘉȂη࢑ԃϟ‫ܛ‬пད‫ژ‬౫ᄃ಍ඏ‫ޠ‬ᐤѭԚӱȄ༻๞࿆ٛ ߧ‫ڎ‬Ԓ໣ȂપԱ੖‫ޠ‬ኈ჌ծоዂጚΠȂดՅȂᓎ຀ോЊᄁ۩ȂપԱ੖ᇅ೼ঐਣ ᘉ‫؂‬ђᘁ݃ȂԚ࣐ԃ‫ޠ‬ႇ‫܂‬੪ԝ٥ȇԃϛᘟӲᏺ࿌Ԓ‫׉‬Աଳජτᄰ‫ޠ‬પԱ੖ȶᑷ ཧཧ‫ࣽޠ‬຀Սϐȷ Ȟॳ 74ȟ Ȃ೼ᆎӲ྘Ȃϛ༊࢑ଢ௖ԓ‫ޠ‬ӲᏺȂԃ࢑஡٦ঐਣޫ ۢੀȂ၍᠟ԚՍϐҦ۸ᆌ‫ژ‬ϛ۸‫׸ᙾޠ‬ᘉȄᄁ۩ΫԒȂ੖߂ᇉ‫ࢍߨޠ‬जᇽȂൕ ᒻΠ࿌Ԓ‫ޠ‬ାতकȂપԱ੖ᇅ٦ঐᐤѭਣᘉέଜᙾӲ‫ٿ‬Ȅ ‫ڐ‬ԪȂ੖߂ᇉൕӲԃᄈՍ‫ש‬जᇽ‫ޠ‬ᒻញ˕˕ȶ࢑υ΢ȂࣽΠЎл্೼቞Ȃ ᗚདྷ೴‫ں‬Ȋ्࢑୉Π‫ع‬΢Ȃ्߰Κπࠗίѻ‫ٿ‬Ȋȷ Ȟॳ 226ȟՅ೼ᆎՍញȂࠍ‫؂‬ ᗵൖ຀ԃ঩Ґቋᅘ‫ޠ‬ኔగࢻ୞ηೞൕᒻȈ ȶতक҉ԃΚίȂՍ‫ڦ‬ႇᜣ‫ٿ‬ȂѬΚྲȂ ΢ৰ‫܌ٳ‬՟Πȇԃ࢑‫ؗ‬ᆄΠΫԒȂ೼Κᕢ໣ȂϘέหᒻႇ‫ٿ‬Ȅȷ Ȟॳ 223ȟԫ೏ ‫ޠ‬ȶ‫ؗ‬ᆄȷᗵൖ຀ᄁ۩‫ޠ‬ҢీȂᗵൖ຀ӶϜ୾॒࿾НϾ྆‫ښ܉‬ङί‫ޠ‬Ꮨ‫ڿ‬ਣ໣ ᇅഗᚈޫ໣Ȅ੖߂ᇉบԄΚ஼ᜣ८Ȃᡲԃྲُ‫ޠ‬Ȃ࢑ႇџ‫ࢍߨޠ‬ȃٙᡞ௒ኔ‫ޠ‬ ՍញȂпІՍ‫ש‬Ң‫ڽ‬лᡞ‫ޠ‬ᒻញȇ੖߂ᇉѠ૗࢑ାতक௒ኔяक़‫ৣ׺ޠ‬ᄈຬȂ ηѠ૗ϛ࢑Ȃ‫ڎ‬΢ϟ໣‫ޠ‬ᔫ࢐‫ߩٯ‬२ᘉȂ२ᘉ࢑੖߂ᇉӶϊᇴϜԄΚঐຏᔤޫ ໣ȂΚ८ᜣφȂାতक௄೼ঐຏᔤޫ໣Ϝྲُ‫࢑ޠ‬ՍϐȄดՅȂหᒻࡤ‫ޠ‬ାত कȂॷӒُࣽ‫࢑߰ޠ‬Սϐ‫ܛ‬ٙ೏‫ޠ‬НϾޫ໣Ȃԃᇅ੖߂ᇉӤ‫ט‬Ӕ‫ݍ‬ȃ୆ᔜ።઱Ȃ υஔউ߰ϑ༉яၘ‫ٿ‬Ȃಥ‫ف‬Ȃԃልٗυஔ‫ڸ‬ᔜੳȂέӲ‫ژ‬ᄁ۩‫ޠ‬ାᕔଲဤȄ Њঢ়‫ޠ‬ఋՃτճϵȂ࢑Њ‫ق‬ঢ়ఋ‫ࣽޠ‬ԉ΢Ȃу‫ޠ‬ԇӶȂхߓᐍঐτަཽᄈ ାতकٙᡞ॒࿾‫ᝓޠ‬ቘᏘຝȄτճϵя८௦Жԃ‫ܫ‬ᏊбȂцԃញਃ‫ژ‬Ȉ ȶуߩூ Ѫԃᎃ‫ྮژ‬ᄾαȂѪԃᘟᘟ៊៊‫ࣁޠ‬Ȃఁԃԥ‫ڽ‬ณЗȂԂЎΚӌޫࡧჳདྷȉȷ Ȟॳ 246ȟτճϵԬࡤȂԃདញ‫ཽަژ‬НϾᏘຝ‫ޠ‬ᆪ๝ᚭ୞ΠȈ ȶ჌ঐߞԒೞᑪ ‫ޠ‬΢ȂΚίअ௭ᛲсȂᚭႇဈ‫ٿ‬ծ‫ޠ‬Ȅȷ Ȟॳ 276ȟᚭဈϟࡤȂԃ‫ܛ‬ԥೞᔇ‫ޠ׼‬ȃ ‫ؗ‬ᆄ‫ޠ‬ᐴ੩ኔగഎೞൕӲȂϊᇴ‫ם‬ৡԃȶԥԄٙᛅߝ੶ማ᝙ႇЭᐿύȂȌȌԃ ्џ٦၈Ȃআ೼ቅΚ‫ױ‬ਊφȉԂ๞Սϐං๜ఴॴȂԂ೾ႇԃҢ‫ڽ‬Ϝ‫ޠ‬Эᐿύȉȷ Ȟॳ 280ȟܼ࢑٦‫ٹ‬঑ԃ‫ܫ‬Ꮚб‫ޠ‬ȃመծଅᏺϜપԱ੖‫عޠ‬჋྇ࢍᐚԚ࣐೼Κ.

(27) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 27. ‫ױ‬ਊφȂӶ‫ڎ‬΢ึҢᜱ߾‫ޠ‬٦Κࠇ٦Ȃяπծомดя౫Ȉ ȶз໣‫ޠ‬΢Ȃޫ੊‫ڸ‬ ЬȂᗚԥᙅఁȂᇴ‫ޠ‬ਫҐȌȌӓೞ௷ᔡٗȂӕณΚ೏ᖂራȄȷ Ȟॳ 282ȟ੖߂ᇉ ௦Жԃٗ‫ژ‬яπᜟጣȂՅࢍᐚࠍ࢑яπ೏Κঐୌึ‫࠷ޠ‬ᐡȄ Ӷ८ᄈٙᡞ௒ኔᇅՍ‫ש‬лᡞหᒻࡤѠ૗᎐ႅ‫ݸޒޠ‬Ȃାতक࢑ࠎඹՅԥା ࡚Սញ‫ޠ‬ȄดՅȂϊᇴӶԫ‫ٯ‬ґဤΤ൷ளᔜН‫ ع‬υན‫ޠ‬࿼ՏȂη‫ء‬ԥඊٗٙ ᡞ௒ኔ࢈‫ݾ‬Ҕጃ‫ޠ‬ਫቹ๋౲ȇାতकϛ࢑є‫ݳ‬ւЊ΢‫ޠ‬ᙛ‫ޏ‬ȂԃӶ௒ኔཱུዙϜ ґ෇ႇ࡚‫֊ྣؗ‬ϑӕ࡚ᒻញȂՅߵ‫ٻ‬ԃᒻញ‫॒ߩٯޠ‬࿾ᙅఁȂࠔ࢑ԃΚ‫ޣ‬ґ૗ ઎Ҕᄃ፻‫ޠ‬ན௒ᢏདྷშ჌Ȉ ࿌Սϐ२ུࣁႇ‫ٿ‬Ȃ࿌ԃέ‫ޤ‬ၿࣁ຀࢑ࡪኻ‫ޠ‬ฆ‫ک‬Ȃ࿌ࢍᐚ෈ԃᜍ݃Ȃ Սϐ‫ء‬ԬȂՍϐᗚԥདញਣȌȌ ԃԟӒϑདྷ‫ژ‬ഷᚾ‫ޠ‬๗‫ݏ‬Ȃԃԟ߰୉ԂΚϹ‫ྦޠ‬റȄ ‫ܛ‬ԥ౰ज‫ޠ‬དញȂഎ҇໹ңϨቅџඳȇ࣐Π२ུࣁႇ‫ٿ‬Ȃӏ࢑࣐Π٦ӌ ད‫ڨ‬Ȃԃҡ᜺‫ܜ‬ᐋΚϹȇԃ઎‫ޠ‬᜺ཏряӉեхቌȄ ดՅ˕˕ ԃ࿳࿳‫ء‬ਠ‫ژ‬Ȃ‫ץ‬዆ཽ٦ቅ฼ኸȂᓎ຀൸࢑ඎ࠘Ȅ ϛȊϛ࢑ȊȊ ٦ϛ૗ᆘ࢑‫ץ‬዆Ȋуϛ࢑પԱ੖Ȃу‫؂‬ϛ࢑࿆ٛߧȇԃഀу‫ޠ‬८ЍȂഎ ᛆூࣽуၐಡȄԃ௄‫ءٿ‬ԥནႇуΚᘉȂ֊‫ٻ‬٦ঐਣ‫ڔ‬၈˕˕ ‫ڎ‬ӱϛ૗ࣻᒋࣂȂ٦ȌȌ٦ၿདញȂ߰Ѭ࢑ഭ࿓‫ޠ‬ᠭ‫׬‬Ȅԃ‫ء‬ԥࣁႇ‫ٿ‬Ȃ ЇՅέԬџΚԪȊȞॳ 299-300ȟ η೩л஼ٙᡞ௒ኔਫቹ࢈‫ݾ‬Ҕጃ‫ޠ‬፤ख़޲Ȃཽᇰ࣐ᒄᝌकӶԫ೏‫ޠ‬௒࿾᎝௷֖ ᡘя௒ኔᢏ‫ߴޠ܉‬ԉ‫ܓ‬Ȃԫᘉ‫ڿ‬ดϛѠ֐ᇰȂାতकᄈ੐ᅟན‫ޠ‬ᢏདྷᇅଢؒȂ ጃดُᜍΠȮਵ߇ࡔȯೞᘫ᜹࣐੐ᅟϊᇴ‫ޠ‬঩ӱȄดՅȂ௄ѫΚঐِ࡚‫ࣽٿ‬Ȃ ༻Τٛঢ়‫ڎ‬ԒࡤԉᄁȂାতक‫ޠ‬ਣ໣ཏᜌΚ‫ޣ‬୅ੀӶ࢛ঐϹπ˕˕ԃ‫ۢ؛‬ϛ༻ ๞પԱ੖ϟਣ˕˕ܼ࢑Ȃ੐ᅟན௒ϟԚ࣐ΚঐҘࡰ‫ޠ‬ᢏདྷȂӶାতकՅّȂҔ ࢑௄ԃ໡ۗٙᡞʝᆡઢᚗ२ȶࢻκȷ໡ۗȄՅȶࢻκȷ‫ٻ‬ԃᄈན௒‫ޠ‬ኔగᢏདྷ ᇅС঎ቩȂ࿌ན௒ೞൠෂϾ࣐Κঐདྷ჌੪ԝ٥Ȃԃᇅ྇ࢍᐚ‫ޠ‬௒ኔᄃདࠔ‫ٻ‬೼.

(28) 28! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ঐདྷ჌ᄻშ‫ޠ‬जདฬ८ખ࿦ΠȂ೼࢑ԃ࣐եད‫ژ‬ȶέԬџΚԪȷ‫ޠ‬঩ӱȄҦԫ ᢏϟȂାতकϟґ෇‫ܼྣؗ‬൑હ‫ޠ‬ٙᡞ௒ኔȂп‫ڐ‬ϲЗࢻ୞ႇโᢏϟȂ‫ڐ‬ᄃ‫ڏ‬ ԥࣻ࿌‫ޠ‬ᡓᒯӬ౪‫ܓ‬Ȅ ϊᇴϜ઎Ҕ৥౫я॒࿾፤ख़ณሊ۪҆‫ޠ‬ൠෂȂ‫ߩٯ‬ାতकᄁ۩ᛅѺϟ‫ٲ‬ೞ ථખȃ‫ژڨ‬өР៖ೱ‫ޠ‬ኻ‫ݗ‬ԓਫቹȂࠔ࢑‫؂‬ц΢Ꭻᐃ‫ޠ‬ฬ८Ȉ‫ڌ‬φඐԲߖঢ়ࡤ ึ౫ҕᒒ‫ى‬ဝ౵ளᑸ๭ȂҕφංѰፚၘϛ୞ᖑՔȂඐԲ࿌ί֊‫ۢ؛‬пழҕᒒ‫ژ‬ СҐᢏӏ࣐ӫȂᔔҕᒒ෯ႇ౱φᜳᜱȄ೼ኻ‫ޠ‬ਫቹȂϛ༊‫ء‬ԥϾ၍॒࿾፤ख़‫ޠ‬ ѽτജኈȂЇՅ࢏ྲя॒࿾፤ख़‫ڿ౐ޠ‬ϛಌȇඐԲпׄ՘࣐ҕᒒ‫ܜ‬ᐋฯशȂ ȶЯ ҕϟ੿ȂᖄϛѠᚃȂҼณϛί᛿ϟ౪Ȅ ȷ ȶуࣦйΠਃȂ೼ဍཟᔗҦՍϐ‫ٿ‬ᠠȄȷ Ȟॳ 329ȟඐԲ࣐ҕᠠဍ‫ޠ‬З౪ኻᄙȂบԄΚ৵‫ם؂‬ାτ‫॒ޠ‬࿾ท֬Ȃ౐౐፪ ҴӶାতक‫ޠ‬Ң‫ڽ‬ϟϜȂ‫ٻ‬ԃӕณ໌я‫ޠ‬Ѡ૗Ȅ ՅඐԲழҕᒒ‫ژ‬СҐҢίΠঐυ‫ڌ‬Ȅାতक॔СҢ౱‫ޠ‬ൠෂȂӶϊᇴ‫ޫޠ‬ ໣ո‫׌‬αȂѠᇅାতकӶ੖ᜟُࣽ‫ޠ‬ஐυҶతफՙब‫ޠ‬ൠ८᠓ӬȄ੖ᜟ‫ޠ‬फՙ ब࢑ஐυ୑௒ϟࡤҢίࡇφҶత‫ޠ‬फዻȂାতकȶ௄ϊ‫ژ‬τȂηϛ‫ُޤ‬ႇӼЎ ೼᜹‫ޠ‬फՙबȂԥ‫ޠ‬ዙଞࡤȂᗚ‫ؠ‬ϛٗȂܼ࢑՗๜๜‫ޠ‬ᔥ఼Ӷ᠐αȂϛစཏࣽ ‫ژ‬ਣȂ൸჌З‫ن‬ೞ፣ࡸя‫ٿ‬ȂܺӶ٦၈ȄȷȞॳ 52ȟ ᄈЩܼାতकҢඐԲਣȂυ჋ྦറΠȶᚙφफȷ‫ٿ‬๞ԃ၅ٙᡞ‫ޠ‬௒ෂȂ೼ ‫ٳ‬ೞҶత‫ޠ‬फՙब՗ၭරර‫םޠ‬ຬȂԚΠ೩Ӽஐυѫ᜹‫ޠ‬໲ᡞᐤѭଅᏺȂѻُ ᜍΠυ‫ܓ‬φয়‫ޠ‬ᆔᗓ᠍ᇅၜម᠍‫ٯ‬ϛᘫ឵ܼυ‫ܓ‬ՍϐȂ ȶகࡆϜȂυ΢Ң‫࢑ي‬Љ ᙜȂ࢑ҕᙜȂࣦՎᗚೞᇰ࣐࢑ᅑ຀ဒዔ‫ޠ‬ӏᎄȇகࡆѵȂυ΢Ң‫ࠍي‬ೞၜម࣐ Ȯਵ߇ࡔȯϜ‫ܛ‬৥౫‫ޠ‬༉ಜНϾϟυ‫ܓ‬ٙᡞ፤ख़Ȃ௄៉٘ȃ ȺϛዔȻ Ȅȷ42ӱԫȂ ‫ࣻڽ‬ȃ௒ኔ‫ژ‬Ң౱Ȃ ȶυ΢‫ޠ‬ٙᡞȂӪ‫ٿ‬ೞΡϰ፤ख़‫׷ܝܛ‬ኩບȂΚР८ೞຝ࣐ ቸज‫ࡋޠ‬ᡞȃҕ‫ޠܓ‬ӏᎄȂೞᅉຟᇅጱࡷȂΚР८ࠔέೞຝ࣐ϛዔᇅ٤ඍ‫ేޠ‬ ᛼Ȅȷ 43. 42. 43. ྇ᆶȂȲࡘഗ‫ޠ‬ๆπ˕˕ᄒᎄऽϊᇴϜȶ๊ࡠȷ‫ޠ‬υ΢ȳȂԞܼၰ൲ೠлጢȂȮѯϜᑫձঢ় ᇅձࠣ፤Н໲ȯȞѯϜᑫȈѯϜᑫҴНϾϜЗȂ2000 Ԓ 12 УȟȂॳ 310Ȅ ྇ᆶȂӤαພȂॳ 315Ȅ.

(29) НϾϜ୾ȅӵ౪ѯᢋ˕˕ᒄᝌकΚΟΝɒԒхϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬໑ρᇮძ! 29. ߈Ȯᄽջʑߡ᱿Ẳ಍ߧᇓ ǖǖȳ֔ᖶሷᖛ֔ᖶሶȴʑ᱿ㆺΈ↘⎞ॉᄞ⃻Ҥ (1) Ԓߺᙅ࿾Ϝ‫ޠ‬Җ໣ॴߺᛳ ࣻᄈܼȮਵ߇ࡔȯϜᒄᝌकϲЗΚ‫ࢻޣ‬୞຀បዦ‫ޠ‬௒ኔȂ ȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯ ࠔծо࢑ዔ౒ᓘۢȂϛ࢘ჩྮȄ ȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯϜഷл्‫ڎޠ‬ঐშෂȂϬ࢑ НϾϜ୾ᇅӵ౪ѯᢋȇ‫࢑ࣲ޲ڎ‬ଅᏺਫቹȂดՅȂϛӤ‫࢑ޠ‬Ȃ ȶНϾϜ୾ȷഌϸȂ ࢑пᐤѭНϾȃ‫ᝳڑ‬ϟଅᏺНҐ࣐лᡞȇՅȶӵ౪ѯᢋȷࠍпᄈρӵޫ໣Ϝ‫ޠ‬ ᄃርҢࣁစᡜϟଅᏺНҐ࣐лᡞȄҼ֊Ȃसпࠊख़ȶଅᏺȷᇅȶᇰӤȷ‫ޠ‬ਣ໣ ‫ܓ‬ᇅޫ໣‫ܓ‬Ӫ࡚ՅّȂ ȶНϾϜ୾ȷЩၷ‫ڦ‬৸ਣ໣‫ܓ‬Ӫ࡚Ȃਣ໣ཏᜌᘁ݃ȇՅȶӵ ౪ѯᢋȷࠍЩၷ‫ڦ‬৸ޫ໣Ӫ࡚Ȃޫ໣ᇮძఽ඿Ȅ ȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯϜ‫ޠ‬НϾϜ୾Ȃ࢑Ҧ‫ᝳڑ‬ȃॴߺȃ߿ᒕȃ༉ᇴࢉ‫ٲ‬ಣ ᄻՅԚȄ ȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯ‫ܛ‬ਜ਼‫ޠڔ‬ΚൾҖ໣ަཽॴߺᛳȂࢌпԒ࿾ᙅߺೲ՜Ȃ ‫ڏ‬ԥጤ‫ܓ‬ਣ໣‫ึޠ‬৥ਣ‫ז‬Ȃέᢒ൹Ӷࢉ‫ٲ‬ൠෂ‫ޠ‬ѯᢋ໑ρϟϜȂࣻ࿌စ‫ڑ‬ӵਜ਼ ऐяȮξԱԥЬξԱУȯϜ‫ޠ‬НϾϜ୾ᇅӵ౪ѯᢋϟ๗ӬȂпІȶНϾϜ୾ȷ ӶӵϾϟࡤȂ๗Ӭӵጣȃަཽᜱ߾ᆪ๝ϟࡤ‫םܛ‬ᄻ‫ޠ‬ᑀ੬ޫ໣ᇮძȄ ϊᇴϜቹ‫ژ‬Ԓ࿾ᙅߺϛЎȂэՎȃϥУ࿾ȃΝσȃԒ࿾ȃαϰ࿾ȌȌ๊๊Ȃ ‫ٯ‬йഎ຀Ꮟܼᙅߺ‫ޠ‬ಡഌඣᛳȇэՎ෾༬ᇅΝσ෾༬၏ԥϛӤȇΝσ෾༬αᓟ ၏ࡹঐюࢿ๞ᙒυ၇ಂౌȃࡷΝ࢒্্‫ݷޠ‬໼αᓟ्᎝α߂ᇉງȇϥУ࿾্ུ ्єȶឡॸȷȂϊࡇ्ȶଇឡॸȷȂՅȶЀਣЬȷѠпџ٤ȃ‫੿ݾ‬ȇαϰ࿾ȶߕ ᆕ‫ۓ‬ȷȂ‫ܗ‬ȶߕ۳‫ۓ‬ȷȇႇԒѳ೏ຯकᖓȂ୉⨱๊ȇߒΟЉϵҢѬܺτࣖȂϛܺ ഀ੶ࣖȂӱ࣐ȶઢԥτϊȂᙅԥѽಡȷȞॳ 52ȟȌȌȄөᆎԒ࿾ᖆᚈಡ‫ٲ‬Ȃϛ ΚՅ٘Ȅ೼‫ٳ‬Ԓ࿾ᙅߺ‫ޠ‬᎝ചȂ‫ڏ‬ԥӼᆎቺԪ‫ޠ‬ཏဏȄ ॷӒȂѻ࢑НϾϜ୾‫ޠ‬ᐤѭଅᏺᇅٙϸᇰᜍȇ௄ਫϜ‫ع‬лِτ߭Ӷ๞υл ِ॒ᢏ‫ړ߭ޠ‬࿌ϜȂଇ፤Ԓ࿾ᙅߺϟѰѠпᢏ‫ޤ‬Ȉ ۛᇴঢ়໑٦ᜟȂαϰϬԥȶߕᆕ‫ۓ‬ȷ‫ޠ‬ᙠ‫پ‬Ȃ࣐ԫȂ‫ש‬੬ӵ‫׳‬Πមဏ‫ٿ‬ ࣽȂ‫ݏ‬ดԥଅ‫ٲ‬Ԅί˕˕֕ϜᙠߺȂؑྒᐸ࿾ਣȂԥߕᆕ‫ܗۓ‬۳‫ۓ‬ϟ᜹.

(30) 30! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ‫ٲ‬Ȅ֕ߺᒞҔУԼ૪঎᡺Ȃࢉܼᐸ࿾Ȃᆕ۳ȂԽဧϟ᜹Ȃࣲ૗៫άȄ˕ ˕௄α໷НԆȂϛ༊ُя‫ݽ‬᠜‫ޠ‬Ω໕Ȃ‫؂‬ഀழӠᜍΠ՗ጣᇅӵጣȇᒄЫ τఋ঩ोՍԱង‫ໍݢ‬Ȟ֊៍ങଦȟ Ȃ֕ϜҼࡿ‫ޠ‬ԱងȂѠི‫࢑ޠڄ‬Ȃуউ Ӷᚕ໡Ϝ঩ංӼԒϟࡤȂ೼‫ڐ‬໣စᐤӼЎਫ਼օȂ᏾༅ȂՅࡤз‫ޠ‬φ৙Ȃ ۛউࢉ໑‫ޠ‬٦‫ٳ‬ЯՃȂуউϬ࢑೼ૢጠᛅȂ౟‫܉‬຀ࡍ٢ӵ‫ޠ‬ΚϹȊ‫ש‬উ Җఋ‫ޠ‬՗ష၈Ȃ࢑ԥΚᆎณпӫϟ‫ޠ‬ӱφȇ೼η࢑୉Ϝ୾΢‫ޠ‬ઢ੊ᇅີ २ȄȞॳ 243-244ȟ Ԓ࿾ᙅߺ‫ڏ‬ԥࣻ࿌ᘁ݃‫ޠ‬ਣ໣ཏᜌȂ࢑༉ಜԓᐤѭཏᜌ‫ڏྀఽޠ‬౫ȇ༉ಜԓᐤ ѭཏᜌ‫ޠ‬ਣ໣ད࢑ࡤӪ‫ޠܓ‬Ȃ ȶਣ໣Ҕߓ౫ܼΚঐ঩ۗпІ‫ڐ‬ϛᘟ‫៊۾ޠ‬Ȅ೼၈ ‫ܛ‬ᒞ‫ࡿ࢑៊۾‬ϛ‫׾‬ᡑ঩ۗ‫ޒ‬ᄙȞ঩ۗ੬ኊȃ঩ۗ౪དྷȟՅّȄȷ44 ԫ֊τ߭‫ܛ‬ ّϟȶ‫ݽ‬᠜‫ޠ‬Ω໕ȷᇅ՗ጣȄѫΚР८Ȃစႇ᎑௃ϟࡤȂѻ‫ޫޠ‬໣‫ࡿܓ‬ਗ਼ηӱ Յѐᡘ˕˕֊ȶӵጣȷ ȃ‫ܛ‬яϟྜ‫܉྆ޠ‬ȂӱԫȂณ፤ޫ໣ད‫ܗ‬ਣ໣དȂԒ࿾ᙅ ߺ‫ޠ‬ਫቹȂ৥౫‫࢑ޠ‬༉ಜԓᐤѭཏᜌȄ Ԓ࿾ᙅߺ‫ޠ‬ਣ໣‫ܓ‬Ȃϛ༊ߓ౫Ӷȶྜᓟȷȃȶ঩ۗȷ๊༉ಜԓᐤѭཏᜌϟ֖ ౫ȂѻӤਣයҁӶҢࣁϟϜȂ௦៊ಣᄻԚ໲ᡞ‫ޠܓ‬НϾਣ໣ᇅНϾ࿾࠸ȇѻΚ Р८࢑ߩСள‫ޠܓ‬ȃ቉ԓ‫ޠܓ‬ȃઢဒ‫ޠܓ‬ȂΚР८ࠔέ࢑‫ڏ‬ԥ‫ז‬ӗ‫ޠܓ‬ȃ࿾࠸ ‫ޠܓ‬Ȃзߺ‫ޠܓ‬Ȃѻߓኊ຀НϾ‫ޠ‬ဒᇅߺȄᒄᝌकпϮܼဒʝߺϮ८‫ޠ‬Ԓ࿾ᙅ ߺਫቹȂђα‫ᝳڑ‬ಣᄻՅԚȂࡺຯяࢌ‫ڏ‬ஹҖ‫ܓ‬έ‫ڏ‬Н΢ॴ‫ޠ‬НϾϜ୾შෂȄ ѫΚР८ȂᜱܼԒ࿾ᙅߺϟНϾ༉‫ܜ‬ȂԥΚঐࣻ࿌অூ௥፤‫ޠ‬፟ᚡȄτ߭ Ӷ߭‫ړ‬ϜࡿяȂ॒ᢏࢉ໑αϰᐸ࿾ȶߕᆕ‫ۓ‬ȷ‫ޠ‬ᙠ‫پ‬Ȃഇᡘяȶۛউࢉ໑‫ޠ‬٦ ‫ٳ‬ЯՃȂуউϬ࢑೼ૢጠᛅȂ౟‫܉‬຀ࡍ٢ӵ‫ޠ‬ΚϹȄȷ೼ᇴ݃Π༉ಜ‫ܓ‬ᙅߺ༉ ៊‫ޠ‬ಓဵຬኊ࢑ȶ‫ܓع‬ȷ‫ޠ‬Ȃӱ࣐ȶзхȷࡿ‫࢑ޠ‬Яφ༉៊ȂดՅȂ༉៊‫ޠ‬Ϗ ձࠔ࢑υ‫ޠܓ‬ೱӉȄ॒ᢏӶԒ࿾ਣࣽҕᒒᇅΚϔۙ‫ۚۑ‬ৗউԕໍԕяȂᏱ‫ޠژ‬ ϛѬ࢑υ‫ܓ‬ঢ়৴Ϗձ‫ޠ‬ᖆᅴಡ࿾Ȃ‫࢑؂‬ஐυӶНϾ༉៊Ϝ‫ِޠ‬Ք‫׹‬ᅌȈ. 44. ऩ݀හȂȮᐤѭ‫ޤ‬ᜌᇅަཽᡑ᎑ȯȞѯіȈᖓစя‫ޏ‬ϵѨȂ1988 Ԓ 12 УȟȂॳ 149Ȅ.