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山藥優酪乳的抗氧化能力及機能性成分之研究 劉俊岳、陳明造

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山藥優酪乳的抗氧化能力及機能性成分之研究 劉俊岳、陳明造

E-mail: [email protected]

摘 要

近年來,國人因環境壓力或心理壓力進而影響生理異常,而腸胃道之不適也是其中之一,因此我們以台農二號山藥做為原 料,製作山藥酸酪乳進而增加國人對酸酪乳之可接受性,期望能改善胃腸不適之問題,依山藥與牛奶的比例不同分為A 組

;山藥:牛奶2:1,B 組;山藥:牛奶1:1,C 組;山藥:牛奶2:3及D 組牛奶,將調配好之各組加熱至85℃、30min後,冷卻 至37-40℃,接菌,於37℃培養6hr,探討各組山藥酸酪乳之物化特性、機能性成分及抗氧化能力。結果顯示,添加山藥能 改善酸酪乳之品質,添加山藥比例較高之A組,在凝乳張力、黏度及酸度明顯較高。而以B組之山藥酸酪乳之總可接受性

、酸度、風味上品評員評價較高。而在機能性成分之部分,添加山藥有助於胞外多醣及有機酸之產生,其中胞外多醣以A 組較高,有機酸則以C組含量較高,而在電泳分析蛋白質及總酚含量部分並無明顯差異。最後在抗氧化活性測定中,添加 山藥酸酪乳具良好之清除自由基活性,還原力則無明顯之效果。B組添加山藥能提升酸酪乳之機能性、能改善酸酪乳之品 質、增進其抗氧化之活性,且使大眾較能接受酸酪乳製品,是具有開發潛力之保健食品。

關鍵詞 : 山藥、抗氧化、酸酪乳

目錄

封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書iii 中文摘要iv 英文摘要v 誌謝vi 目錄vii 圖目錄xi 表目錄xii 1. 前言1 2. 文獻回顧2 2.1 山藥2 2.1.1 山 藥簡介及品種22.1.3 山藥歷史記載3 2.1.4 山藥之藥理作用4 2.2 乳酸菌7 2.2.1 乳酸菌的定義7 2.2.2 乳酸菌的分類7 2.2.3 乳酸 菌發酵的機制9 2.2.4 乳酸菌促進人體健康的機能10 2.3 自由基對生理作用的影響12 2.3.1 自由基與活性氧分子12 2.3.2 自由 基之來源12 2.3.3 自由基對生物體的影響13 3. 材料與方法15 3.1 藥品與儀器15 3.1.1 材料15 3.1.2 藥品16 3.1.3 實驗儀器16 3.2 實驗方法18 3.2.1 樣品前處理18 3.2.2 一般成分分析19 3.2.2.1 水分19 3.2.2.2 灰分19 3.2.2.3 粗蛋白19 3.2.2.4 粗脂肪20 3.2.3 理化性質之測定20 3.2.3.1 增稠性的測定20 3.2.3.2 凝乳張力測定21 3.2.3.3 滴定酸度21 3.2.3.4 酸鹼值測定21 3.2.3.5 乳 酸菌數22 3.2.3.6 官能品評 3.2.4 抗氧化能力22 3.2.4.1 DPPH自由基清除能力22 3.2.4.2 亞鐵離子螯合能力23 3.2.4.3 還原力之 測定23 3.2.5 機能性成分分析24 3.2.5.1 有機酸之測定24 3.2.5.2 總酚類化合物之測定25 3.2.5.3 胞外多醣25 3.2.5.4

SDS-PAGE電泳分析27 3.3 統計31 4. 結果與討論32 4.1 山藥酸酪乳一般成分組成32 4.2 山藥酸酪乳之凝乳張力比較34 4.3 山 藥酸酪乳之黏度比較36 4.4 山藥酸酪乳之乳酸菌數38 4.5 山藥酸酪乳官能品評40 4.6 山藥酸酪乳之胞外多醣比較42 4.7 山藥 酸酪乳之總酚含量44 4.8 山藥酸酪乳之有機酸含量46 4.9 山藥酸酪乳乙醇萃取物清除自由基能力53 4.10 山藥酸酪乳乙醇萃 取物螯合亞鐵離子能力55 4.11 山藥酸酪乳乙醇萃取物之還原力57 4.12 山藥酸酪乳貯藏期間水分含量變化59 4.13 山藥酸酪 乳貯藏期間滴定酸度變化61 4.14 山藥酸酪乳貯藏期間酸鹼值變化63 4.15 山藥酸酪乳中蛋白質SDS-PAGE電泳分析圖譜65 5. 結論67 參考文獻68 圖目錄 圖3.1山藥酸酪乳之製造流程18 圖3.2沒食子酸標準曲線25 圖3.3葡萄糖標準曲線26 圖4.1山藥 酸酪乳有機酸之高效液相層析圖譜(Fresh yam)48 圖4.2山藥酸酪乳有機酸之高效液相層析圖譜(A組)49 圖4.3山藥酸酪乳有機 酸之高效液相層析圖譜(B組)50 圖4.4山藥酸酪乳有機酸之高效液相層析圖譜(C組)51 圖4.5山藥酸酪乳有機酸之高效液相層 析圖譜(D組)52 圖4.6山藥酸酪乳乙醇萃取物清除DPPH之能力54 圖4.7山藥酸酪乳乙醇萃取物螯合亞鐵離子能力56 圖4.8山 藥酸酪乳乙醇萃取物之還原力58 圖4.9山藥酸酪乳貯藏期間水分含量變化60 圖4.10山藥酸酪乳貯藏期間滴定酸度變化62 圖4.11山藥酸酪乳貯藏期間酸鹼值變化64 圖4.12山藥酸酪乳SDS-PAGE電泳分析圖譜比較66 表目錄 表3.1安佳脫脂即溶奶 粉之營養成分17 表3.2分離膠組成29 表3.3排列膠組成30 表4.1比較山藥酸酪乳一般成分組成33 表4.2山藥酸酪乳之凝乳張力 比較35 表4.3山藥酸酪乳之黏度比較37 表4.4添加不同原料之豆奶酸酪乳之乳酸菌菌數比較39 表4.5山藥酸酪乳官能品評結 果41 表4.6山藥酸酪乳之胞外多醣比較43 表4.7山藥酸酪乳總酚含量45 表4.8山藥酸酪乳有機酸含量47

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